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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

Battersea 1912

Report on the health of the Metropolitan Borough of Battersea for the year 1912

Published
1913
Author
Lennane, G. Quin.
Pages
136
Tables
94

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94 tables in this report

  • Page 8
    Summary of Vital Statistics for 1912.
  • Page 9
    The estimated population for each of the sub-districts into which for registration purposes the Borough is divided, is as follows:—
  • Page 9
    The births in the sub-districts were as follows:—
    Males.Females.Total.
  • Page 10
    The decline in the birth-rate in Battersea as compared with that in England and Wales is shown in the following table :—
    Years.Englan 1 and Wales.London.Battersea.
  • Page 11
    Birth-rate per 1,000 Population.
    Year.The Borough.Bast Battersea.North-West Battersea.South-West Battersea.
  • Page 12
    Death-rate per 1,000 Population.
    Year.The Borough.East Battersea.North-West Bat ersea.South-West Battersea.
  • Page 13
    In the following table is shown the number of deaths and the death-rates in the Nine Wards into which the Borough is divided:—
    Ward.Population 1912.Number of Deaths.Death Rates.
  • Page 13
    The corrected number of deaths iered in each quarter of the year is s of males and females regiset out as follows :—
    Males.Females.Total.
  • Page 14
    Comparative Statistics of Births, Mortality, &c.
    Year.Mean population for year.Births.Birth Rate.Deaths,Death Rate.Zymotic Deaths.Natural Increase.
  • Page 16
    Since the formation of the Borough, and for the previous decennium, the infant mortality in Battersea and in London is set out as in the following table:— TABLE IX.
    Year.London.Battersea.
  • Page 16
    The next table shows the distribution of the 353 infant deaths in the sub-districts. TABLE X.
    Registration Sub-Districts.Deaths of Infants under 1 year of age,.Infantile Mortality per 1,000 births.
  • Page 17
    The next table shows the incidence of mortality from the chief diseases of infancy in the first and second trimesters and the last six months of the first year of life respectively.
    Certified Causes of Death.Months. 0.3.Months. 3.6.Months. 6.12.Total.
  • Page 20
    In the following table will be found particulars relating to the family history of the mothers of these children and their circumstances as regards dwelling-house accommodation.
    No. of previous Children in family.
  • Page 23
    MILK DEPOT TABLE, 1912.
    Age Started.Period Fed.Over 1 year.Totals.
    Under 1 wk.1-2 wks.2-3 wks.3-4 wks.1-2 mos.2-3 mos.3-4 mos.4-5 mos.5-6 mos.6-7 mos.7-8 mos.8-9 mos.9-10 mos.10-11 mos.11-12 mos.
  • Page 25
    The following is a summary of the work done by the Health Visitors during 1912:—
  • Page 26
    During the year 1912 in the Borough of Battersea 570 deaths of persons aged 65 years and upwards were registered. The age distribution of these deaths is set out in the following table:-
    District.65 and under 75.75 and under 85.85 and upwards.Total over 65.
  • Page 26
    The deaths over 65 in each year during the nine, years 1903-1912 were:—
  • Page 28
    Similar conclusions are to be drawn from a comparison of the death-rates from the chief zymotic diseases in the different wards of the Borough as shown in the table on page 28.
    Diseases.Mean Death-rate per 1,000 1902-1911.Death-rate per 1,000 1912.Gain in 1912.Loss in 1912.
  • Page 28
    In the next table is shown the death-rate per 1,000 population from the chief zymotic diseases arranged in Wards:—
    Ward.Population, estimated to middle 1912.Small-pox.Measles.Erysipelas.Scarlet Fever.DiphtheriaEnteric,&c.Puerperal Fever.Whooping Cough.Zymotic Diarrhoea.All chief Zymotic diseases.
  • Page 28
    In the next table the Seasonal Mortality from the different important zymotic diseases is well shown by arranging the deaths quarterly, thus:-
    Quarter No.Small-pox.Measles.Whooping Cough.Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria.Fever.Zymotic Diarrhoea.Erysipelas.Puerperal Fever.Cholera.Influenza.Total.
    TyphusTyphoid.Continued.
  • Page 29
    The following table gives the drainage defects, etc., in houses in which cases of infectious disease were notified during 1912:-
    DISEASE.No. of houses invaded.Number showing defects as to—Percentage showing drainage defects.Percentage showing no drainage defects.
    Drains.Traps, fittings and appliances.Total.
  • Page 30
    Comparison of Prevalence of Sickness and Death From Infectious Diseases (Rates calculated per 1,000 persons on the population estimated to the middle of each year).
    Years.Small-pox.Erysipelas.Diphtheria and Membranous Croup.Scarlet Fever.Enteric and Continued Fever.Puerperal Fever.Cerebro-spinal Fever.
    Cases.Deaths.Cases.Deaths.Cases.Deaths.Cases.Death.Cases.Deaths.Cases.Deaths.Cases.Deaths.
  • Page 31
    Examining the removals to hospital more in detail (e.g., nature of disease) it is seen that during 1912 in the Borough of Battersea the following are the percentages:-
  • Page 31
    The number of cases notified in the three sub-districts of the Borough, and the proportion per 1,000 of the population, are as follows:-
    Total number of cases notified.Notifications per 1,000 pop.
  • Page 32
    The following tables show the number of cases of the principal infectious diseases received during 1912 arranged in Wards and the case-rate per 1,000 population:-
    Ward.Diphtheria & Membranous Comp.Erysipelas.Scarlet Fever.Typhoid or Enteric Fever.Ophthalmia Neon.Puerperal Fever.Poliomyelitis.Totals.
  • Page 32
    WardPopulation, estimated to middle 1912.Diphtheria & Membranous Croup.Erysipelas.Scarlet Fever.Enteric Fever.Ophthalmia Neon.Puerperal Fever.Poliomyelitis.All Notifiable Infecti's diseases.
  • Page 33
    In the following table is shown the number of cases and the case mortality per cent. in the Borough and sub-districts during 1912:-
    Sub Registration Districts.East Battersea.Nth.-West Battersea.Sth.-West Battersea.Borough.
  • Page 33
    In 56 of the houses invaded multiple cases occurred as follows:-
    No. of times.
  • Page 34
    The case-rate, death-rate and case-mortality from diphtheria and membranous croup since 1891 are set out in the following table:-
    Year.Cases.Case-rate per 1,000 population.Deaths.Death-rate per 1,000 population.Case-mortality per cent.
  • Page 35
    The distribution of the disease in the three registration sub-districts of the Borough, together with the number of deaths among both hospital and home-treated patients during 1912, is shown in the following table:-
    Registration Sub-Districts.No. of cases notified.Cases treated at home.Cases removed to hospital.No. of Deaths.Case-mortality per cent.Case-rate per 1,000 population.
    At home.At hospital.Total.
  • Page 35
    The following table gives the age distribution of the cases notified, and of the fatal cases:-
    Age Periods—Years.Boro'.
    Under 11-22-33-44-55-1010-1515-2525-6565—
  • Page 36
    In the following table are set out the case-rate, death-rate and case-mortality from enteric fever in the Borough of Battersea since 1891:-
    Year.Cases.Case-rate per 1,000 population.Deaths.Death-rate per 1,000 population.Case mortality per cent.
  • Page 37
    The age distribution of the cases, and the death-rate, case-rate and case-mortality in the Borough and in the sub-districts during 1912 are set out in the following tables:-
    Ages.Under 5.5-15.15-30.Above 30.Totals.
  • Page 37
    Case-rate per 1,000 population.Death-rate per 1,000 population.Case-mortality per cent.
  • Page 39
    The number of deaths registered from measles in each of the registration sub-districts during the past three years is as follows:-
    191219111910
  • Page 39
    The deaths in each of the four quarters of the year were as follows:-
  • Page 40
    In the sub-districts the number of deaths and the death-rate per 1,000 of the population were as follows:-
    No. of deaths.Death-rate per 1,000 of the population.
  • Page 40
    The deaths in each of the four quarters of the year were as follows:-
  • Page 40
    The following is the summary of the childien excluded from school attendance during the year 1912 in connection with the more common infectious diseases, e.g., measles, whooping cough, etc.
    Disease.Children excluded on account of infection in their homes.Number of children suffering.
  • Page 41
    The number of deaths and the death-rate in the sub-districts in 1912, 1911, and 1910 were as follows:-
    Registration Sub-District.No. of Deaths.Death-rate per 1,000 population.
    1912.1911.1910.1912.1911.1910.
  • Page 41
    In the next table are set out the deaths registered in each of the four quarterly periods in 1912, 1911 and 1910:-
    1912.1911.1910.
  • Page 41
    The next table gives the age-periods at which these seven infants died during 1912:-
    Deaths of Infants under 1 year of age from Zymotic Diarrhœa.
    1-3 months.3-6 months.6-9 months.9-12 monthsTotal.
  • Page 43
    The following table shows the death rate from phthisis and other tubercular diseases in each year since 1901:—
    Year.Deaths from Phthisis per 100,000 persons.Deaths from other Tubercular Diseases per 100,000 persons
  • Page 43
    The number of deaths from phthisis and other tubercular diseases, and the death-rate per 1,000 population in each of the sub-districts and the Borough are set out in the following table:—
    District.Phthisis.Other Tubercular Diseases.Total.
    No. of Deaths.Rate.No. of Deaths.Rate.No. of Deaths.Rate.
  • Page 47
    During the year 1912, 542 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were notified in Battersea under the Regulations of 1908, 1911 (Hospitals) and 1911 (Private), particulars relating to which are set out in the following tables:—
    Source.Cases.Duplicates.Total Notifications.
  • Page 48
    Continued from previous page...
    Age Periods—Years.
    Notified underUnder 112345-1010-1515-2525-6565Total.
  • Page 49
    In the next table are set out the occupations of the 542 cases of consumption notified during the year 1912:—
    Occupation.P.H. (T) R 1908P.H. (T in H) R 1911P.H. (T)R 1911Total.
  • Page 50
    History of death from phthisis in—
  • Page 58
    Bacteriological Examinations. During the year 1912, 1161 bacteriological examinations of specimens sent in by medical practitioners practising in the Borough of Battersea have been made at the Clinical Research Association Laboratories at a cost of £172 3s. 9d., particulars of which are set out in the following table:—
    Suspected disease.Positive Results.Negative Results.Total.
  • Page 60
    The following is a summary of the number of houses inspected in each year since 1901:—
  • Page 61
    Summary. House-to-House Inspection.
    District No.No. of houses inspected.No. of houses in which defects found.
  • Page 62
    House-to-House Inspection.
    Name of Road.No. of houses inspected.No. of houses in which defects existedName of Road.No. of houses inspected.No. of houses in which defects existedName of Road.No. of houses inspected.No. of houses in which defectsexisted
  • Page 69
    Paving of Yards and Forecourts. The following table shows the number of back-yards and forecourts wholly or partly paved during 1912:—
    Sanitary District.Backyards.Forecourts.
    Wholly paved.Partly paved.Wholly paved.Partly paved.
    12 ft. or more from back addition.Less than 12 ft. from back addition.
  • Page 70
    During 1912 the following streets were partly or wholly paved with impervious material:—
    Square yards.
  • Page 71
    Van Dwellings. The number of van dwellings in Battersea during 1912 was 81, as compared with 74 in 1911. In the following table are set out the situation and number of occupants:—
    Situation of Vans.No. of Vans.No. of Occupants.
    Males.Females.
  • Page 72
    Common Lodging Houses. The following table gives a list of the Common Lodging Houses in the Borough:—
    Premises.Authorised Number of Lodgers.Whether Males or Females.Date registered.
  • Page 72
    Block Dwellings. The following is a list of the Artizans' dwellings of the "Block" type in the Borough of Battersea with the number of tenements in each:—
    Name of Buildings.Situation.Owner.No. of tenements.
  • Page 73
    Water supplies to Upper Floors. —Additional water supplies to the upper floors of tenement houses under the provisions of sec. 78 London County Council (General Powers) Act, and sec. 48 Public Health (London) Act, 1891, were required by notice served upon the owners, and duly complied with during 1912 as follows:
    No. of Houses.
  • Page 74
    The following table gives particulars of the work carried out at the Council's disinfecting station since it was opened in 1902:—
    1902.1903.1904.1905.1906.19071908.1909.1910.1911.1912.
  • Page 77
    The following table gives the number of bodies received at the Mortuary in each year since 1900:—
    Year.Number of bodies received in the Mortuary.Number of bodies upon which postmortem examinations were held.Number of bodies upon which Coroners' Inquests were held.
  • Page 77
    Inquests. During 1912 inquests were held in 257 cases with the following results:—
  • Page 79
    Unsound Food. The following is a tabulated return of unsound food inspected, condemned, and destroyed under the supervision of the Council's Sanitary Inspectors during 1912, having been brought to the Health department by the respective owners for the purpose:—
    Food.Quantity.Where Purchased.
  • Page 82
    The character of the business carried on in premises in which milk was sold in Battersea during 1912 as compared with the four preceding years is as follows:—
    19081909191019111912
  • Page 84
    The following table gives details of the number of samples purchased during the year, and the number found to be genuine or otherwise.
    Description of Article.Total No. of Samples taken.Genuine.Adulterated.Inferior.
  • Page 85
    The next table shows the percentage of adulteration during the ten years 1902-1911, and during 1912:—
    Year.No. of Samples taken.Adulterated.Percentage of Adulteration.
  • Page 93
    In the following table is shown a summary of the various premises in the Borough where work is done which are now registered in the Health Department:—
  • Page 94
    There are 200 of these premises registered in the Health Department, employing 8,278 persons (males 6,311, females 1,967) as follows:—
    Trade.Number of Factories on Register.Males.Females.
    Adults.Young Persons.Adults.Young Persons.
  • Page 95
    The following is a list of the workshops in the register at the end of 1912:—
    Trade.No. of Workshops.No. of Workrooms.Persons Employed.
    Males.Females.
    Adults.Young Persons.Adults.Young Persons.
  • Page 96
    The following table gives particulars relating to new workshops in which "protected persons" were employed, notices of which were duly sent to H.M. Inspector during 1912:—
    Trade.No. of Work shops.Protected Persons employed
    WomenYoung Persons.Total.
  • Page 97
    The following notice of defects was received from H.M. Inspector of Factories during 1912, and received attention:—
    Premises.Trade.Nature of Complaint.
  • Page 98
    The following is a list of the workshop bakehouses:– 47 Bakehouses above Ground.
    Addresses.Addresses.
  • Page 99
    Addresses.Addresses.
  • Page 99
    30 Bakehouses Under Ground.
    Addresses.Addresses.
  • Page 100
    Factory Bakehouses. The following is a list of the factory bakehouses in Battersea:–
  • Page 101
    During 1912 the names and addresses of 825 outworkers were received as compared with 749 in 1911 and 832 in 1910. Lists were sent in by employers and by the Medical Officers of Health of the following Metropolitan Boroughs and District Councils:—
    District.Lists.OutworkersDistrict.Lists.Outworkers
  • Page 101
    The premises occupied by outworkers are systematically inspected, and any insanitary conditions found remedied. The following table shows the number of outworkers' premises registered in the Borough, together with the trades and number of persons employed:—
    Trade.Number on Register.Persons Employed.
    PremisesWorkrooms.Males.Females.
  • Page 103
    The facts relating to the legal proceedings instituted by the Council in connection with the work of the Health Department are set out in Appendix No. 1, pages 104 to 106, and are summarised below:—
    No. of Prosecutions.No of Convictions.Fines.Costs.
    £s.d.£s.d.
  • Page 104
    APPENDIX NO. 1. (i.) Legal Proceedings under the Sale of Food and Drugs and Margarine Acts.
    Number of Sample.Article.Nature of Offence or Adulteration, &c.Result of Proceedings.
  • Page 105
    APPENDIX No. 1—continued.
    Number of Sample.Article.Nature of Offence or Adulteration, &c.Result of Proceedings.
  • Page 106
    Legal Proceedings under the Public Health (London) Act, 1891; Metropolis Management Act, 1855; Metropolis Management Acts Amendment (Bye-laws) Act, 1899; Dairies, Cowsheds, and Milkshops Order, 1855.
    Nature of Offence.Result of Proceedings.
  • Page 107
    TABLE I. (.Required by the Local Government Board to be used in the Annual Report of the Medical Officer of Health.) Vital Statistics of Whole District during 1912 and Previous Years.
    Year.Population estimated to middle of each Year.Births.total deaths registered in the district.Transferable DeathsNett Deaths belonging to the District.
    Uncorrected Number.Nett.
    Number.Rate.*of Non-residents registered in the District.of Residents not registered in the District.Under 1 Year of Age:At all Ages.
    Number.Rate.*Number.0Rate per 1,000 Nett Births.Number.Rate.*
    12345678910111213
  • Page 108
    TABLE II. (Required by the Government Board to be used in the Annual Report of the Medical Officer of Health.) Cases of Infectious Disease notified during the Year 1912.
    Notifiable Disease.Cases Notified in Whole District.Total Cases Notified in each Locality.No. of Cases Removed to Hospital from each Locality.
    At all Ages.At Ages Years.• Cast Battersea.N.-West Battersea.S.-West Battersea.East Battersea.N.-West Battersea.S.-West Battersea.
    Under 1.1 to 5.5 to 15.15 to 25.25 to 65.65 and upwards.
  • Page 109
    TABLE III. (Required by the Local Government Board to be used in the Annual Report of the Medical Officer of Health.) Causes of, and Ages at, Death during the Year 1912.
    Causes of Death.Nett Deaths at the Subjoined ages of "Residents" whether occuring within or without the districtTotal Deaths in Public Institutions in the District.
    All Ages.Under 1 year.1 and under 2 years.2 and under 5 years.5 and under 15 years.15 and under 25 years.25 and under 45 years.45 and under 65 years.65 years and upwards.
  • Page 110
    TABLE IV. Required by the Local Government Board to be used in the Annual Reports of the Medical Officer of Health. East Battersea. Infantile Mortality during the Year 1912.
    CAUSE OF DEATHUnder 1 Week.1-2 Weeks.2-3 Weeks.Weeks.Total under 1 Month.1-3 Months.3-6 Months.6-9 Months.9-12 Months.Total Deaths under One Year.
  • Page 111
    TABLE IV.–(continued). North-West Battersea. Infantile Mortality during the Year 1912.
    CAUSE OF DEATH.Under 1 Week.1-2 Weeks.2-3 Weeks.3-4 Weeks.Total under 1 Month.1-3 Months.3-6 Months.6-9 Months.9-12 Months.Total Deaths under One Year.
  • Page 112
    TABLE IV.—(continued). S.W. Battersea. Infantile Mortality during Year 1912.
    CAUSE OF DEATH.Under 1 Week.1-2 Weeks.2-3 Weeks.3-4 Weeks.Total under 1 Month.1-3 Months.3-6 Months.6-9 Months.9-12 Months.Total Deaths under One Year.
  • Page 113
    TABLE IV.-(continued). Borough of Battersea. Infantile Mortality during the Year 1912.
    CAUSE OF DEATH.Under 1 Week.1-2 Weeks.2-3 Weeks.3-4 Weeks.Total under 1 Month.1-3 Months.3-6 Months.6-9 Months.9-12 Months.Total Deaths under One Year.
  • Page 114
    1.—Inspections (including Inspections made by Sanitary Inspectors or Inspectors of Nuisances).
    Premises.Number of
    Inspections.Written Notices.Prosecutions.
  • Page 114
    2.—Defects Found.
    Particulars.Number of Defects.Number of Prosecutions.
    Found.Remedied.Referred to H.M. Inspector.
  • Page 115
    3.—Home Work.
    NATURE OF WORK.OUTWORKERS' LISTS. SECTION 107.Outwork in Unwholesome Premises, Sec. 108.Outwork in Inpected Premises, Secs. 109,110.
    Lists received from Employers.Notices served on Occupiers as to keeping or sending lists.Prosecutions.Instances.Notices served.Prosecutions.Instances.Orders made (S. 110).Prosecutions (Secs. 109,110)
    Sending twice in the year.Sending once in the year.Failing to keep or permit inpection of lists.Failing to send lists.
    Lists.Outworkers.Lists.Outworkers.
    Contractors.Workmen.Contractors.Workmen.
    Wearing Apparel—
  • Page 116
    4.-Registered Workshope. Workshope on the Register (Sec. 131) at the end of the year:-
  • Page 116
    5.-Other Matters. Matters notified to H.M Inspectors of Factories:-
  • Page 117
    Proceedings during 1912. (The following tables are suggested by the Medical Officer of Health to the County of London in order to secure uniformity of tabulation in the annual reports of the Medical Officers of Health of the Metropolitan Boroughs.)
    Premises.Number of Places.No. of Inspections, 1912.No. of Intimation Notices 1912.No of Prosecutions 1912.
    On Register at end of 1911.Added in 1912.Removed in 1912.On Register at end of 1912.
  • Page 125
    The figures for the years 1910 and 1911 are as follows :— Factories—
    Total Number on RegisterNo. of Inspections and Re-inspections.