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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

City of Westminster 1924

[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Westminster, City of]

Published
1925
Author
Allan, Francis J.
Pages
98
Tables
89

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89 tables in this report

  • Page -
    Average Death-rates for London and Westminster from 1901 to 1924 in groups of Years.
    —London.Westminster.
    Both sexes.Both sexes.Males.Females.
  • Page -
    The following table shows the death-rates at various age periods at the beginning and end of 24 years:—
    —Under 1*.1-5.5-15.15-25.25—45.45-65.65 & up.All ages.
  • Page -
    Summarised into groups of years the following results appear:—
    Milk.Good quality.Fair Quality.Poor Quality.Adulterated.
  • Page -
    2.—Extracts from Vital Statistics for the Year.
    Births—Males.Females.Total.Birth Rate.
  • Page 2
    The birth-rate was 11.6 per 1,000 persons; the London birth-rate was 18.7 and for England and Wales 18.8—the lowest recorded except during 1917-19.
    Births Registered.Births Notified.
    In Westminster.Belong elsewhere.Born out of Westminster.Net.Total.Alive.Stillborn.
  • Page 3
    The number of still-births notified was 36, but information was received of 15 other still-births and miscarriages.
    Number Born.Number of Deaths under 1 year.Number remaining at end of year.
    Boys.Girls.Boys.Girls.Boys.Girls.
  • Page 3
    There were 306 attendances altogether of expectant mothers at the two centres. In 1923, the attendances were 247.
    Centre.Sessions.First Attendance.Subsequent Attendances.Total.No. of Individuals.
  • Page 4
    Mothercraft Classes.
  • Page 4
    Attendance during Confinement.—The Council's midwife attended necessitous women and emergency cases in the Pimlico area.
    Number of cases attended—
    1922.1923.1924.
  • Page 5
    Attendances at ante-natal and other clinics:—
  • Page 6
    Infancy and Early Childhood.—The number of visits paid by the Health Visitors in the four areas into which the City was divided is shown in the accompanying table:—
    Pimlico.Bessborough Street.Rochester Row.Greek Street.Total.
  • Page 7
    Attendances at Infant Consultations, 1924.
    Centre.Number of Sessions.First Attendances.Subsequent Attendances.Total.Total.
    Under 1 year.Over 1 year.Under 1 year.Over 1 year.Under 1 year.Over 1 year.
  • Page 7
    The average attendances per session were—
    1924.1923.1922.1921.
  • Page 8
    District Nursing.—Under the arrangement with the Nursing Associations,* visits were paid in 1924 as follows:—
    Patients.Visits.
  • Page 9
    The following statement gives an indication of the work done under the Maternity and Child Welfare Scheme during the last four years.
    1921.1922.1923.1924.
  • Page 10
    Divided into various age periods we get:—
    1924.Under 1.1 to 2.2 to 5.5 to 15.15 to 25.25 to 45.45 to 65.65 and up.Total.
  • Page 11
    which give rates per 1,000 estimated to be living at these periods as follows:—..
    —Under 5.5-15.15-25.25-45.45-65.65 & Up.All Ages.
  • Page 11
    The deaths were distributed in the wards in the years 1921,1922,1923 and 1924 as follows:—
    —1921.1922.1923.1924.
    M.F.Total.M.F.Total.M.F.Total.M.F.Total.
  • Page 12
    Average death-rates of children under one year of age:—
    1901-2-3.1921-22-23.
  • Page 13
    Below are given figures for both births and deaths of infants corrected, distinguishing legitimate and illegitimate births, showing the rates for a series of years:-
    Year.Legitimate.Illegitimate.Total Rate, Westminster.Total Rate, London.
    Births.Deaths.Death-rate per 1,000 Births.Births.Deaths.Death-rate per 1,000 Births.
  • Page 13
    Five-Yearly Averages.
  • Page 14
    In the three divisions into which the City is divided under the Maternity and Child Welfare Scheme, the figures (omitting the homeless) were:—
    CentreLegitimate.Illegitimate.Total.
    1922.1923.1924.1922.1923.1924.1922.1923.1924.
  • Page 14
    The causes of death of children under 1 year of age are set forth in Tables appended, and a summary showing the proportion of deaths per 1,000 births from various grouped causes in the last seven years is set out below:—
    -1918.1919.1920.1921.1922.1923.1924.
  • Page 15
    Table V——Infant Mortality, 1924. Net deaths from stated causes at various ages under One Year of Age in the City of Westminster—
    CAUSES OF DEATH—Under 1 Week.1—2 Weeks.2—3 Weeks.3—4 Weeks.Tot; 1 under 4 Weeks.4 Wreks and under 3 Mont lis.3 Months and under 6 Months.G Monti s and under 9 —Months.9 Months and under 12 months.Total Draths under 1 Year.
  • Page 16
    Nett Births in the year—
    Males—Females—Total
  • Page 16
    Nett Deaths in the year of—
    Males—Females—Total—
  • Page 16
    Table V, continued——Infant Mortality, 1924.Nett deaths from stated causes at various ages under One Year of Age in Pimlico Area, ( Victoria, Knightshridge St— George and Hamlet Wards)—
    CAUSES OF DEATH—Under 1 Week.1—2 Weeks.2—3 Weeks.3—4 Weeks.Total under 4 Weeks.4 Weeks and under 3 Months.3 Months and under 6 Months.6 Months and under 9 Months.9 Months and under 12 Months.Total Deaths under One Year—
  • Page 17
    Nett Deaths in the year of—
    Males.Females.Total.
  • Page 17
    Table V, continued--Infant Mortality, 1924- Nett Deaths from stated causes at various ages under One Year of Age in St- John and St- Margaret Wards-
    CACSES OF DEATH-Under 1 Week-1-2 Weeks-2-3 Weeks-3-4 Weeks-Total under 4 Weeks-1 Weeks and under 3 Months-3 Months and under 6 Months-*5 Months and under 9 Months-9 Months and under 12 Months-Total Deaths under 1 Year-
  • Page 17
    Nett Deaths in the year of.
    Males.Females.Total.
  • Page 18
    Table V, continued.Infant Mortality, 1924— Nett Deaths front stated causes at various ages under One Year of Age in the North District (Grosvenor, Conduit and Strand Borough Wards)—
    CAUSES OF DEATH—Under 1 Week.1—2 Weeks.2—3 Weeks.3—4 Weeks.Total under 4 Weeks.4 Weeks and under 3 Months.3 Months and under 6 Months.6 Months and under 9 Months.9 Months and under 12 Months.Total Deaths under 1 Year.
  • Page 18
    Nett Deaths in the year—
    Males—Females—Total—
  • Page 18
    Table V, continued——Deaths of infants with no known address, or found in streets, parks, &c.:—
    CAUSES OF DEATH—Under 1 Week1—2 Weeks2—3 Weeks 3—4 WeeksTotal under 4 Weeks4 Weeks and under 3 Months3 Months and under 6 Months6 Months and under 9 Months. 9 Months and under 12 MonthsTotal Deaths under 1 Year.
  • Page 20
    Infantile Mortality, 1901 to 1924. Deaths from stated causes of Infants under One Year of age with rates per 1,000 births.
    Causes of Death.1901-5.1906-10.1911-15.1916-20.1921-24.
    Deaths.Bate.Deaths.Rate.Deaths.Bate.Deaths.Rate.Deaths.Rate.
  • Page 21
    Deaths of children between the ages of 1 and 5 years, with rates per 1,000, estimated to be living in the five groups of years from 1901 to 1924-
    Causes of Death-1901-5-1900-10-1911-15-1916-20-1921-24-
    Deaths-Rate-Deaths-Rate-Deaths-Rate-Deaths-Rate-Deaths-Rate-
  • Page 22
    Deaths of children between the ages of 5 and 15 years with rates per 1,000 estimated to be living in the five groups of years, from 1901 to 1924.
    1901-51906-10.1911-15.1916-20.1921-24.
    Causes of Death.Deaths.Rate.Deaths.Rate.Deaths.Rate.Deaths.Rate.Deaths.Rate.
  • Page 24
    MALES. Table I..Causes of, and Ages at, Death during the year 1924.
    Causes of Death.Corrected Deaths in the City at subjoined Ages.Deaths in Wards (at all Aoes).
    All ages.Under 1.1 and under 2.2 and under 5.5 and under 15.15 and under 25.25 and under -15.45 and under 65.65 and upwards.Conduit.Grosvenor.Hamlet of Knightsbridge.Knightsbridge St. George.Victoria.St. Margaret.St. John.St. Anne.Great Marlborough.Pall Mall.Regent.Charing Cross.Corent Garden.Strand.Homeless.
  • Page 25
    MALES.—Table I. (continued).
    Causes of Death.Corrected Deaths in the City at subjoined Ages.Deaths in Wabds (at all Ages).
    ! All ages.Under 1.1 and under 2.2 and under 5.5 and under 15.15 and under 25.25 and under 45.45 and under 65.65 and upwards.Conduit.Grosvenor.Hamlet of Knightsbridge.Knightsbridge St. George.Victoria.St. Margaret.St. John.St. Anne.Great Marlborough.Pall Mall.Regent.Cbaring Cross.Covent Garden.Strand.Homeless.
  • Page 26
    FEMALES. Table I.-Causes of, and Ages at, Death during the year 1924.
    Causes of Death.Corrected Deaths in the City at subjoined Ages.Deaths in Wards (at all Ages).
    All ages.Under 1.1 and under 2.2 and under 5.5 and under 15.16 and under 25.25 and under 45.45 and under 65.65 and upwards.Conduit.Grosvenor.Hamlet of Knightsbridge.Knightsbridge St. George.Victoria.St. Margaret.St. John.St. Anne.Great Marlborough.Pall Mall.Regent.Charing Cross.Covent Garden.Strand.Homeless.
  • Page 27
    FEMALES.—Table I. (continued).
    Causes of Death.All ages.Under 1.1 and under 2.2 and under 5.5 and under 15.15 and under 25.25 and under 45.45 and under 65.65 and upwards.Conduit.Grosvenor,Hamlet of Knightsbridge.Knightsbridge St. George.Victoria.St. Margaret.St. John.St. Anne.Great Marlborough.Pall Mall.Regent.Charing Cross.Covent Garden.Strand.Homeless.
  • Page 28
    The following summary shows the number of cases which came to the notice of the Department in the last three years.
    1922.1923.1924.1922.1923.1924.
  • Page 29
    City of Westminster.—Cases of Infectious Disease Notified during the Year 1924.
    Notifiable Diseases.Cases Notified.Cases removed to Hospital.Treated at Home.Deaths.
    At all Ages.At Ages—Years.At all Ages.At Ages—Years.
    Under 1.1-2.2-3.3-4.4-5.5-10.10-15.15-20.20-35.35-45.45-65.65 and over.Under 1. 11-2.2-3.3-4.4-5.5-10.10-15.15-20.20-35.35-45., 45-65.65 and over
  • Page 30
    City of Westminster——Infectious Diseases, Distributed in each Ward—
    Notifiable Diseases.Conduit.Grosvenor.Knightsbridge St— Gerge.Victoria.St— Margaret.St— John.Hamlet of Knightsbridge.Pall Mall.Regent.Great Marlborough.Charing Cross.Co vent Garden.Strand.St— Anne.Homeless.s
  • Page 32
    The deaths in Westminster at three groups of ages since 1901 per 1,000 living at those ages :-
    1901-5.1906-10.1911-15.1916-20.1921-24.
  • Page 34
    Death-rates of children under 15 years of age from 1901 to 1924 are :-
    -1901-5.1906-10.1911-15.1916-20.1921-24.
  • Page 35
    An analysis of these 852 cases shows :- Age Incidence or those Attached.
    Age-period0-11-55-1515-2525-3535-4545-5555-65
  • Page 36
    Weekly Incidence.
    -January.February.March.April.May.
  • Page 36
    With the exception of a man of 65, the deaths were confined to children under 6 years of age. These were divided thus :.
    -Under 1.1-2.2-3.3-4.4-5.5-6.Totals.
  • Page 38
    Death Rates from Diarrhceal Diseases.
    -Under 1.1-5.5-15.
  • Page 39
    Whooping Cough.—97 cases were recorded, 50 of these being in the last quarter of the year; 4 deaths resulted, 3 of children under 1 year of age, 1 between the age of 1 and 2.
    -Under 1.1-5.5-15.
  • Page 41
    Tuberculosis, 1924.
    Age-Periods.New Cases.Deaths.
    Pulmonary.Non-pulmonary.Pulmonary.Non-pulmonary.
    M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.
  • Page 42
    Tuberculosis.—Notifications received during the 53 weeks from 30th December, 1923, to 3rd January, 1925.
    1924.Number of notifications on Form A.
    Primary notifications.Total notifications, on Form A, including cases previously notified.
    Ago periods.0 to 1.1 to 5.5 to 10.10 to 15.15 to 20.20 to 25.25 to 35.35 to 45.45 to 55.55 to 65.65 and up.Total new cases
  • Page 43
    Tuberculosis.—New cases coming to the knowledge of the Medical Officer of Health otherwise than by Notification under the Regulations.
    1924.Number of notifications 011 Form A.
    Primary notifications.
    Age Periods.0 to 1.1 to 5.5 to 10.10 to 15.15 to 20.20 to 25.25 to 35.35 to 45.45 to 55.55 to 65.65 and up.Total.
  • Page 44
    Tuberculosis.—Table showing distribution in Wards of notified and unnotified cases, and numbers of such -persons who have been treated in Institutions.
    1924.All Ages.Conduit.Grosvenor.Knights-bridge St. George.Victoria.St. Margaret.St. John.Hamlet of Knights-bridge.Pall Mall.Regent.Great Marlborough.Charing Cross.Covent Garden.Strand.St. Anne.Homeless.Received Institutional Treatment during 1923.
  • Page 45
    The figures for a series of years are shown below:-
    Pulmonary.Non-Pulmonary.Tota of al forms.
    General Population.C.L.H. and no Address.Total.
    Males.Females.Males.Females.Males.Females.Total.
  • Page 45
    Non-notified cases.—Pulmonary cases not notified in Westminster were 6 per cent. of the total, non-pulmonary 11.7 per cent.
    1914.1915.1916.1917.1918.1919.1920.1921.1922.1923.1924.
  • Page 46
    Non-pulmonary Tuberculosis.—The parts of the body affected were:-
    -Males.Females.Total.
  • Page 46
    The total number of cases of tuberculous disease on the Register at the end of 1924 was 1,772 as compared with 1,682 at the end of the year 1923.
    Pulmonary.Non-pulmonary.Total.
    General.Casuals.
  • Page 46
    Home Visiting.—The Tuberculosis Medical Officer paid 421 visits during the year to patients at their homes. The number of visits paid in previous years was:—
  • Page 48
    Tuberculosis Dispensary.
    —1916.1917.1918.1919.1920.1921.1922.1923.1924.
  • Page 49
    In addition to the above figures in non-Dispensary cases:—
    —1916.1917.1918.1919.1920.1921.1922.1923.1924.
  • Page 51
    Westminster—Deaths from Tuberculosis per 100,000 civilian population.
    Years.Pulmonary.Non-pulmonary.Total.
    Deaths.Rates.Deaths.Rates.Deaths.Rates.
  • Page 51
    The death-rates for males and females in Westminster for 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923 and 1924 were per 100,000 population :—
    Males.Females.
  • Page 51
    Subjoined are the average rates for these five years, and similar rates for the three years 1901-1903.
    Males.Females.
  • Page 51
    These show that a reduction in death rates has taken place to the amount of :—
    Males.Females.
  • Page 53
    Tuberculosis in children under 15 years of age. Death rates under 1 calculated per 1,000 births; between 1 and 5 years and 5 and 15 years, per 1,000 on numbers estimated to be living during those periods.
    1901-5.1906-10.1911-15.1916-20.1921-24.
  • Page 54
    Disinfection. The number of articles treated was:—
    1919.1920.1921.1922.1923.1924.
  • Page 54
    Marylebone and the City of London were sent to the Station for cleansing ; these numbered 201 for head lice, 11 for body lice, and 14 for scabies, and are included in the following summary:—
    1924.Head lice.Body lice.Scabies.Total.
  • Page 55
    The number of dead bodies taken to the mortuaries for purposes of inquest, and to await burial during the last 20 years were :—
    Total.For Inquest.To await Burial.Total.For Inquest.To await Burial.
  • Page 57
    Number of new houses erected during the year :—
    Tenements.
  • Page 58
    Unfit dwelling houses
  • Page 59
    Continued from previous page...
  • Page 59
    Below is a list of details of the work done in connection with insanitary conditions. In many cases some of the work specified was in premise! parts of which were occupied as workshops:—
    1924.1924.
  • Page 60
    Continued from previous page...
    1924.1924.
  • Page 63
    Smoke Prevention. The following is a summary of the work done in connection with smoke prevention:—
    —1921.1922.1923.1924.
  • Page 64
    D.—Occupations and Workshops. The following shorn the state of the register of work premises at the end of 1924:—
    Work Premises.Total Number.
  • Page 65
    Inspection.—1924.
    Premises.Number of
    Inspections.Re-inspections.Defects Found.Intimation Notices.Statutory Notices.Prosecutions
  • Page 65
    Defects found.
    Particulars.Number of Defects.Number of Prosecutions.
    Found.
  • Page 65
    Other Matters.
    Class.Number.
  • Page 67
    City of Westminstcr. Outworkers—1924.
    Trade.FEBRUARY LISTS.AUGUST LISTS.
    Number of Outworkers.Received from other Authorities.Sent to other Authorities.Addresses in City.Number of Outworkers.Received from other Authorities.Sent to other Authorities.Addresses in City.
  • Page 70
    Articles of Food Submitted.
    Tons.CwtLb.Tons.Cwt.Lb.
  • Page 71
    Samples purchased under the Sale of Food and Drugs Acts, showing result of Analysis and subsequent Proceedings for year 1924.
    Number.Article of Food.Number of samples purchased.Genuine. (Inferior in brackets.)Adulterated.Prosecutions.Convictions.Withdrawn or dismissed.Fines.Costs.
  • Page 73
    Samples analysed during the Year 1924.
    Article.Number of samples examined for preservative.Number containing preservative and percentage of preservative found in each sample.
  • Page 73
    Preserved Cream.
    Number examined.Without preservative.Preservative under amount stated on label. (0-4 per cent.)Preservative over amount stated on label.Milk fat in preserved cream.
    Above 35 per cent.Below 35 per cent.
  • Page 81
    Males.
    Years:0-55-1010-2020-3030-4040-5050-60Over 60
  • Page 82
    Females.
    Years:0-55-1010-2020-3030-4040-5050-60Over 60
  • Page 83
    Notifications and Deaths (unnotified), 1924.
    Notified by dispensary.Notified from other sources.
    Per cent, of Total.
  • Page 84
    Patients came under the care of the Tuberculosis Officer at the instance of:—
    Insured.Uninsured.Total.
    Males.Females.Males.Females.Boys.Girls.
  • Page 84
    Recommendations for Institutional Treatment to London County Council.
    Hospitals.Sanatoria