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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

City of London 1900

Report on the proceedings of the Public Health (Sanitary) Department of the Corporation of London during the year 1900

Published
1901
Author
Collingridge, William.
Pages
176
Tables
89

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89 tables in this report

  • Page 9
    TABLE I. Census, 1891.
    Area. Statue Acres.Inhabited Houses.Population.
  • Page 11
    TABLE II. Census Returns.
    Night Population.Day Population.
  • Page 13
    Enumerated at Census, 1891.
    CITY OF LONDONMETROPOLIS,CENTRAL. DISTRICTS.
  • Page 14
    Proportions at Various Ages. " All Ages " in each sex taken as 10,000.
    CITY OF LONDON.METROPOLIS.CENTRAL DISTRICTS.
  • Page 16
    TABLE III Number of Tenements of less than FIVE Rooms, and percentage thereof overcrowded.—Census 1891.
    Registration Districts or Areas.All Classes of Tenements.Tenements of—Rooms.
    1234
    Total Number.Percentage overcrowded.Number.Percentage over crowded.Number.Percentage overcrowded.Number.Percentage overcrowded.Number.Percentage overcrowded.
  • Page 16
    The proportion living in tenements of—
  • Page 17
    TABLE IIIa. Proportion of Persons occupying Tenements of less than five rooms, distinguishing-proportion living under conditions which constitute "overcrowding."
    Percentage of total population occupying tenements of-rooms.Percentage of inhabitants occupying tenements of-rooms, overcrowded.
    1234All Classes,1234All Classes.
  • Page 20
    Vaccination Statistics in the City of London.
    Year.Number of Births.Successfully Vaccinated.Insusceptible.Had Small-pox.Died before Vaccination.Vaccination Postponed.Removed or unaccounted for at the end of the year.Conscientious Objections.
    percent.percent.per cent.percentPercent.per cent.per cent.
  • Page 21
    Vaccination Returns from Metropolitan Unions.
    Year.Successfully Vaccinated.Insusceptible.Had Small-pox.Died before Vaccination.Vaccination Postponed.Not finally accounted for.
    per cent.per cent.percent.percent.percent.percent.
  • Page 22
    Preliminary Return of Vaccination in the City of London during the Year 1900.
    12345678910
    Sub-District.Number of Births.Successfully Vaccinated.Insusceptible.Had Small-pox.Deaths before Vaccination.Postponed by Medical Certificate.Removed into other Districts.Cases Pending.Conscientious Objections.
  • Page 23
    In the following Tables will be found particulars of the cases of infectious disease notified under Sections 55 and 56 of the Public Health (London) Act, 1891, during 1900, and information as to the removal of patients to hospitals, &c.:—
    NATURE OF DISEASE.Number of Certificates received.Treated at Home.Removed to the Metropolitan Asylums Board Hospitals.Removed to the London Fever Hospital.Treated at other Hospitals and Infirmaries.Duplicate Certificates received.Diagnosis incorrect.
  • Page 24
    TABLE IV. City of London. Cases of Infectious Disease notified during- the Year 1900.
    Disease.Cases notified in Whole District.Total Cases notified in each Locality.No. of Cases removed to Hospital from each Locality.
    At all Ages.Under 1.At Ages—Years.65 and upwards.St. Botolph.Allhallows.St.Sepulchre.St. Botolph.Allhallows.St.Sepulchre.
    1 to 6.5 to 15.15 to 25.26 to 65.
  • Page 26
    RETURN of infectious disease occurring in the City of London, with the percentage of such oases removed to hospital or treated at home during 1900, compared with the average for the previous five years
    Year.Number of cases reported.Per cent, of cases reported.
    Removed to Hospital.Treated at Home.
  • Page 27
    TABLE V. Notifications.—City of London.
    1900.1899.Difference 1900 and 1899Decennial Average.Difference 1900 and Decennial Average.
  • Page 28
    The actual numbers recorded each year since the commencement of notification have been :—
    1890.1891.1892.1893.1894.1895.
  • Page 41
    NUMBER of Articles disinfected, bodies received at the Mortuary, and Inquests held at the Coroner's Court in the City during 1000, compared with the average for the previous five years.
    Year.Articles of Bedding, &c., disinfected.Bodies received at the Mortuary.Inquests held on bodies.Inquests held on Fires.
  • Page 43
    Death Rates, per 1,000 per Annum.
    Year.City of London.33 Great Towns of England and Wales.Metropolis.
  • Page 44
    City of London.—For Whole District.
    Year.Population estimated to Middle of each Year.Births.Deaths under one year of age.Deaths at all Ages. Total.Deaths in public institutions.Deaths of residents registered In District.Deaths residents registered beyond District.Deaths at all ages nett.
    Number.Rate*.Number.Rate per 1,000 Births Registered.Number.Rate..Number.Rate*.
    12345678910111213
  • Page -
    TABLE VII. Causes of, and Ages at, Deaths during Year 1900.
    Causes of Death.Deaths in whole District at subjoined ages.Deaths in Localities (at all ages).*Deaths in Public Institutions.
    All ages.Under 1.1 and under 5.5 and under 15.15 and under 25.25 and under 65.65 and upwards.St. Botolph.Allhallows.St. Sepulchre.
  • Page 45
    TABLE VI. VITAL STATISTICS, 1900. City of London compared with the Metropolis, previous 5 years.
    City of London.Birth Rate.Death Rate.Deaths of Children under 1 year to 1,000 Births.Violent Deaths, per cent. of Deaths Registered.Deaths fromprincipal Zymotic Disease per 1,000 of the Population.
    Night Population (Imperial Census).Day Popu-lation(Cor-poration Census).City.Metropolis.City.Metropolis.City.Metropolis.City.Metropolis.City.Metropolis.
  • Page 48
    TABLE VIII. Deaths from the Principal Zymotic Diseases. From Registrar-General's Annual Summary.
    1890.1891.1892.1893.1894.1895.1896.1897.1898.1899.
  • Page 50
    PERCENTAGE OF REGISTERED DEATHS FROM VIOLENCE.
    Year.City of London.Metropolis.
    Per cent.Per cent.
  • Page 51
    Percentage of Deaths occurring in Workhouses, Workhouse Infirmaries and Lunatic Asylums to total Deaths in the City of London and the Metropolis respectively, for 1900, compared with the average for the previous five years:—
    Year.City of London.Metropolis.
    Per cent.Per cent.
  • Page -
    City of London. Table of BIRTHS OCCURRING AT THE ARTIZANS' DWELLINGS, STONEY LANE, HOUNDSDITCH, DURING THE YEAR 1900, to which are added the DEATHS registered during the same period classified according to Diseases, Ages, and Localities.
    Name of Block.Births.Mortality from all causes, at subjoined ages.Mortality from subjoined cafsks, distinguishing Deaths of Children under Five Years of age.
    At all ages.Under l year.1 and under 55 and under 1515 and under 2525 and under 6O60 and upwards.Small-pox.Scarlatina.Diphtheria.Membranous Croup.Fevers.Cholera.Erysipelas.Measles.Whooping Cough.Diarrhoea and Dysentery.Rheumatic Fever.Ague.Phthisis.Bronchitis, Pneumonia, and Pleurisy.Heart Disease.Violent Deaths. Injuries.All other Diseases.Totals.
    Male.Female.Typhus.Enteric or Typhoid.Continued.Relapsing.Puerperal.
    1.2.3..4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.
  • Page 55
    ARTIZANS' DWELLINGS.
    1900.NAME OF BLOCK.
    North.South.King's.Queen's.Prince's.Total.
  • Page 56
    ARTIZANS' DWELLINGS, STONEY LANE. Vital Statistics 1900, compared with, previous five years.
    YEAR.Death rate per 1,000.Deaths of children under 5 years of age.Deaths of children under 5 years of age per 1,000 births.Birth rate per 1,000.Number of illegitimate children born in the Buildings.Deaths from Infectious Diseases.
  • Page 57
    WEST DISTRICT. (Inspectors W. H. May and F. J. Robbins.)
    Month.Premises inspected.Orders issued.Notices served.Works completed.
  • Page 58
    MIDDLE DISTRICT. (Inspectors A. R. Hills and E. J. Simmons.)
    Month.Premises inspected.Orders issued.Notices served.Works completed.
  • Page 59
    EAST DISTRICT. (Inspectors W. H. J. Gathercole and W. H. Ralph.)
    Month.Premises inspected.Orders issued.Notices served.Works completed.
  • Page 60
    SMOKE, FACTORIES AND WORKSHOPS. &c. (Inspector J. Benson.)
    Month.Premises inspected.Orders issued.Notices served.Factories and Workshops inspected.Smoke NuUiiuccs inspected.Works completed
  • Page 61
    The foregoing are summarised as under:—
    District.Number of Inspections made."Orders" issued.Notices served.Improvements effected.
  • Page 62
    Sanitary Inspections During 1900, compared with previous five years.
    Year.Inspections made.Sanitary Improvements effected.Notices served.
  • Page 63
    The material so disposed of comprised:—
  • Page 64
    The above included upwards of ninety thousand tins of various kinds of food, classified as under—
  • Page 70
    Those now on the Register are :—
    District.No. of Houses on Register.No. of Lodgers.No. of Tenements.Average No. of Persons per Tenement.Sanitary Notices Served.
  • Page 71
    WEST DISTRICT.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 72
    WEST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 73
    WEST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 74
    WEST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 75
    WEST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 76
    WEST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 77
    WEST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 78
    WEST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 79
    WEST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 80
    WEST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 81
    MIDDLE DISTRICT.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers
  • Page 82
    MIDDLE DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 83
    MIDDLE DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 84
    EAST DISTRICT.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 85
    EAST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 86
    EAST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Promises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 87
    EAST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 88
    EAST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 89
    EAST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 90
    EAST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 91
    EAST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tene-merits.Lodgers
  • Page 92
    In addition to the foregoing there are ten Blocks of dwellings let out in tenements, but not placed on the Register for the reason that each holding is "self-contained," it having been decided in a Court of Law that under these circumstances they are not subject to the Bye-laws for houses let in lodgings, or occupied by members of more than one family:—
    Situation.No. of Tenements.No. of Inhabitants.
  • Page 100
    Refuse Dealt with During 1900 and Previous Five Years.
    Year.Street Sweepings and Slop.House and Trade Refuse.Total.No. of 1 Loads Cremated in DestructorPer Cent. Cremated.
  • Page 110
    Table showing the annual deliveries and other details during the past 27 years:— MEAT SUPPLIES, 1874 to 1900.
    Year.General Supply.Seizures by Inspectors.% of Bad Meat to Good.
  • Page 111
    Monthly Deliveries at the Corporation Markets, Smithfield.
    MONTH.1898.1899.1900.
  • Page 112
    The sources of origin of the past five years' deliveries are here expressed in terms per cent.
    1896.1897.1898.1899.1900.
  • Page 113
    Some idea of the magnitude of the work of the Inspectors may be obtained from the following figures copied from the A nnual Report of the Market Superintendent :—
    1898.1899.1900.
  • Page 114
    The seizures of diseased and unsound meat amounted to 961 tons 19 cwts. 1 qr., against 1,172 tons 5 cwts. 2 qrs. in 1899, the heaviest weight previously recorded.
    Month.1898.1899.1900.
  • Page 115
    UNSOUND FOOD, 1900. The Inspectors seized 961 tons 13 cwts. 2 qrs. 14 lbs. as unfit for the food of man, classified as under:—
    1900.Diseased.Putrid.Animals killed by accident.Poultry.Offal.Fish.Total.
    tons.cwtsqrs.lbs.tons.cwtsqrs.lbs.tons.cwts.qrs.lbs.tons.cwts.qrs.lbs.tons.cwts.qrs.lbs.tons.cwtsqrs.lbs.tons.cwts.qrs.lbs.
  • Page 116
    The percentages of Meat seized under a summary of the various headings of the table in the preceding page for 1900 and for the five years before that date were as follows :—
    Year.Diseased.Putrid.Unsound from accident or other causes.
  • Page 117
    CENTRAL MARKETS, SMITHFIELD. Table showing Weight of Meat delivered, seized as unsound, and proportion condemned to that delivered during each Month of the Year 1900.
    Month.Meat Delivered at the Market.Meat seized by the Inspectors.Ratio of Meat condemned to that delivered.
  • Page 118
    DISEASED MEAT PROSECUTIONS.
    Date.Where heard.Before whom.Occupation of Person Summoned.Defendant's Place of Business.Result.
  • Page 120
    Of the above, 144,049 tons were consigned to Billingsgate Market, the remainder, viz., 43,635, being delivered at the salesmen's shops in the neighbourhood of the Market.
    Year.Fish Delivered at Billingsgate Market.Fish Delivered in the neighbourhood of Billingsgate Market.Total Deliveries.
  • Page 121
    MONTHLY FISH RETURNS, 1900. Table showing Weight of Fish Delivered, Fish seized as Unsound, and percentage of Fish Condemned to that Delivered, at or near Billingsgate Market, during each month of the year 1900.
    Month.Weight of Fish Delivered.Total.Weight of Fish Condemned.Ratio of Fish Condemned to that Delivered.
    By Land.By Water.
  • Page 122
    Weight of Fish Delivered, Fish seized as Unsound, and percentage of Fish Condemned to that Delivered, at or near Billingsgate Market during 1900 and the five years 1895-6-7-8-9.
    Year.Weight of Fish Delivered.Total.Weight of Fish Condemned.Ratio of Fish Condemned to that Delivered.
    By Land.By Water.
  • Page 123
    Fish Condemned at or near Billingsgate Market, for the Year 1900:—
    1900.Tons.Cwts.Qrs.
  • Page 127
    One hundred and forty-five analyses were made in 1900, exclusive of examinations of the water supply to the City, and the purity of the chemicals used in the manufacture of disinfectants, &c., tabulated as follows:—
    Articales Analysed in 1900.First Quarter.Second Quarter.Third Quarter.Fourth Quarter.Total.
  • Page -
    APPENDIX. CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY. 1900. STREET LISTS, Compiled from Weekly Returns of District Registrars.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Certified Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Certified Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY— continued.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Certified Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub. District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Certified Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Certified Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Certified Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Certified Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY— continued.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Certified Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Certified Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Certified Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Certified Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Certified Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Certified Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No of Sub-Dietrict.Sex.AgeDate of Death.Certified Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS. CITY POLICE HOSPITAL, BISHOPSGATE.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued. ARTIZANS' DWELLINGS.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Certified Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY— continued. CASUAL WARD AND INFIRMARY, THAYIES' INN.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Certified Cause of Death.Remarks.