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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

St Pancras 1919

Report of the Medical Officer of Health for the year 1919

Published
1920
Author
Higgins, T. Shadick.
Pages
126
Tables
78

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78 tables in this report

  • Page 11
    Occupations (Condensed List) of Males and Females 10 Years and Upwards, (1911 Census.)
    AGES OF MALES. 10 years and upwards.AGES OF FEMALES.10 years and upwards.
    10 to 14 inclusive.15 to 19 inclusive.20 to 5o inclusive.65 and upwardsTotal Males.OCCUPATIONS at apes 10 years and upwards.Total Females.Unmarried.Married.Widowed.10 to 14 inclusive.15 to 19 inclusive.•20 to 55 inclusive.65 and upwards.
  • Page 13
    The table shows also the nrst two quarters of 1920, in which the increase in births was still more pronounced:—
    Year.No. of Births.Total for Year (Uncorected).Total for Year (Corrected).
    1st Qtr.2nd Qtr.3rd Qtr,4th Qtr.
  • Page 14
    The leading causes of death are set out in the following Table for the ten years 1909-l918 and for 1919:—
    Diseases.190919101911191 2I91319141915191619171918Average for 10 years.1919
  • Page 16
    1919. Next Deaths from stated causes at various Ages under 1 Year of Age.
    CAUSE OF DEATH.Under 1 week. i1—2 weeks.2—3 weeks.3—4 weeks.Total under 4 weeks.4 weeks & under 3 months.3 months & under 6 months.6 months & under 9 months.9 months & under 12 months.Total Deaths under 1 year.
  • Page 18
    Notices sewed and result of sere we. —3,307 intimation notices (comprising 7,011 items) were served by the Sanitary Inspectors during 1919. These were made up as follows —
    District Inspectors.Factory & Workshop Inspector.Food InspectorWomen . Inspectors.Total.
  • Page 19
    Summonses. Under the Public Health (London) Act, 1891 ( except in respect of food).
    Situation of Property.Offence.Date of Hearing of Summons.Result of Proceedings.
  • Page 21
    The tests which have been applied to drains during 1919 are shown in the following table:—
    After Infectious Disease.Upon Complaint.Upon systematic InspectionOld Buildings.New Buildings at completion of work.Total.
    At commencement of work.At completion of work.
  • Page 22
    FACTORY AND WORKSHOP ACTS. The following five tables are those asked for by the Home Secretary:— 1.—Inspections made by Male and Female Sanitary Inspectors.
    Premises.Number of
    Inspections.WrittenProsecutions.
  • Page 23
    2.—Defects Found.
    Particulars. (1)Number of Defects.Number of Prosecutions. (5)
    Found. (2)Remedied. (3)Referred to h.m. Inspectors. (4)
  • Page 24
    4.—R egistered W orkshops.
    Workshops on the Register (Sec. 131) at the end of the year.Numbers.
    (1)(2)
  • Page 24
    5.—Other Matters,
    ClassNumber
    (1)(2)
  • Page 24
    The number of factories, workshops and workplaces added to and removed from the register during1919 was as follows: —
    Added to register.Removed from register.
  • Page 25
    The number of inspections that were made during 1919 were as follows:-
    Factory and Workshop Inspector.Woman Sanitary Inspector.Total.
    Inspections.Re-inspections.Inspections.Re-inspections.Inspections.Re-inspections.
  • Page 26
    Medical Inspection of Children in Elementary Schools in St, Pancras. 1919.
    Entrants.Age 8.Age 12.
    Boys.Girls.Boys.Girls.Boys.Girls.
  • Page 27
    Medical Inspection of Children in Elementary Schools in St, Pancras. 1919.
    Clothing.Nutrition.Cleanliness of Head.Cleanliness of Body.Condition . of Teeth.Vision.
    1231234123123123123
  • Page 32
    (c)—SALE OF FOOD AND DRUGS ACTS. 750 samples have been taken under these Acts, and 704 of these proved to be genuine and 46, or 6.1 per cent., adulterated. The details are given in the following table: —
    Articles of food of which samples have been taken.Total number of samples.Genuine.Adulterated.
  • Page -
    Inspections Made and Samples Taken under the Orders of the Food Controller, 1919.
    Samples.Mr. West.Mr. Rackham.Mr. Brown.Mr. Dillon,Mr. Akers.Mr. Walker.Mr. James,Mr. Jaffa.Mr. Lonnon.Mr. Pottier.Mr. Adkins.Mr. Thompson.Mr. Auger.Mr. Child.All Inspections.In accordance with order.Jn contravention of order.Warning letters sent.No. of prosecutions.Result of Proceedings,
    Fines.Costs.
  • Page 33
    Summonses —Under the Sale of Food and Drugs Acts.
    No. of Sample.Article.Result of Analysis.Date of Hearing of Summons.Result of Proceedings.
    Penalty.Costs.
  • Page 34
    Section IV—PREVALENCE OF AND CONTROL OVER INFECTIOUS DISEASES. The number of cases of the compulsorily notifiable infectious diseases that have been notified during 1919 is shown in the table below, where thev are also classified according to ages. The figures have not been corrected for subsequent revision of diagnosis.
    DISEASES.At all Ages.At Ages—Years.
    Under 1.I and under 5.5 and under 10.10 and under 15.15 and under 25.25 and under 65.65 and upwards.
  • Page -
    SAINT PANCRAS, LONDON. WEEKLY NUMBER OF CERTIFIED DEATHS FROM THE DANGEROUS INFECTIOUS DISEASES DURING THE YEAR 1919.
    QuartersFirst Quarter.Second Quarter.Third Quarter.Fourth Quarter.Totals.Quarters
  • Page -
    SAINT PANCRA'S, LONDON. WEEKLY NUMBER OF INFECTIOUS CASES CERTIFIED TO THE MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH DURING THE YEAR 1919.
    QuartersFirst Quarter.Second Quarter.Third Quarter.Fourth Quarter.TotalsQuarters
    MonthsJanuary.February.March.April.May.June.July.August.September.October.November.December.Months
  • Page 35
    In the following table the number of notifications are set forth for the past 10 years : —
    Diseases.19091910191119121913191419151916191719181919
  • Page 36
    The notifications of, and deaths from, the notifiable infectious diseases, are classified in the following table according to their Wards and Registration Sub-Districts:—
    INFECTIOUS DISEASES.Notifications.Deaths.
    West. WardSouth. WardEast. WardNorth. Ward.No Address.W hole Borough.West. WardSouth. WardEast. WardNorth. Ward.No Address.Whole Borough.
    4578361245783612
  • Page 37
    DISINFECTING AND CLEANSING STATION. Disinfection. The work done during the year by the disinfecting staff is shown in following table: —
    Disease.No. of Cases.No. of Houses.No of Rooms 1 Contents Disinfected or Destroyed.No. of Rooms Sprayed and Fumigated.
  • Page 37
    Below is shown the number of articles destroyed or disinfected during the year on account of infectious disease and verminousness :—
    Infectious DiseaseVerminousness.
    Destroyed.Disinfected.Destroyed.Disinfested
  • Page 38
    The following table shows the number of persons cleansed and disinfected after having been in contact with infectious disease :—
    Males.Females.Children under 10.
  • Page 38
    Cleansing station. The amount of work done here during the year is indicated in the following table. The figures represent the number of attendances. At each attendance the person receives a bath, and his or her clothes are stoved.
    Men.Women.Children under 15.Total.
  • Page 39
    Summary of Notifications during the period from 30 th December, 1918, to the 27 th December , 1919 ( inclusive).
    Age Periods.Number of Notifications on Form A.Number of. Notifications on Form B.Number of Notifications on Form C.Number of Notifications on Form D.
    Primary Notifications.Total Notifications including cases previously notified by other Doctors),Primary Notifications.Total Notifications including cases previously notified hy other Doctors).Poor Law- Institutions.Sanatoria.Poor Law Institutions.Sanatoria.
    0 to 11 to 55 to 1010 to 1515 to 2020 to 2525 to 3535 to 4545 to 5555 to 6565 and upwards.Total.Under 55 to 1010 to 15Total,
  • Page 39
    Continued from previous page...
    Age Periods.Number of Primary Notifications on Form C. included in above.Number of Primary Notifications on Form D. included in above.
    0 to 11 to 55 to 1010 to '515 to 2020 to 2525 to 3535 to 4545 to 5555 to 6565 and upwards.Total.0 to 11 to 55 to 1010 to 1515 to 2020 to 2525 to 3535 to 4545 to 5555 to 6565 and Upwards.Total.
  • Page 40
    The number of primary notifications (civilian) received during the year on Forms A. B. C. and D. was 1,005 (799 pulmonary, 206 non-pulmonary) equal to a notification rate of 4.58 (3.64 pulmonary, 0.93 non-pulmonary) per 1,000 (civil) population. They are analysed for age and sex in the next table:— Primary Notifications during 1919.
    Ages.Pulmonary Tuberculous.Other Tuberculosis.Total all Forms.
    Males.Females.Total.Males.Females.Total.
  • Page 40
    The deaths from tuberculosis during the year numbered 341, of which 268 were from phthisis and 73 from other forms of tuberculosis. They are analysed for age and sex in the following table:— D eaths from T uberculosis during the Y ear 1919.
    Ages.Phthisis.Other Tuberculosis.Total.
    Males.Females.Total.Males.Females.Total.
  • Page 41
    The deaths in 1919 are classified for age and sex in the following table:—
    0-11-56-1515—-2525—3535—4545—5555—6565-7575—8585 up.Total Males.0-11-55—1515—2525—3535—4545—5555—6565-7575—8585 up.Total Females.Total Persons.
  • Page 42
    In the next the new cases notified during 1919 are similarly classified.
    Location of Disease.AgesTotal.
    0-55—1515 and upwards.
    Males.Females.Males.Females.Males.Females.
  • Page 42
    The following table shows the number of new notifications and deaths from Tuberculosis, together with the corresponding rates for the past ten years:—
    Year.Estimated Population.Primary Notifications.Deaths.Notification Bate.Death Rate.
    Phthisis.Other forms.All forms.Phthisis.Other Forms.All forms.Phthisis.Other forms.All forms.Phthisis.Other formsAll forms.
  • Page 44
    The work done at the dispensaries in 1919 is shown in the following table:—
    Tuberculosis Dispensary at University College Hospital.Tuberculosis Dispensary at St-Pancras Dispensary 39, Oakley Square.Branch Tuberculosis Dispensary of St. Pancras Dispensary at 132, Maiden Road.
    Insured persons.Uninsured persons.Total.Insured persons.Uninsured persons.Total.Insured persons.Uninsured persons.Total.
  • Page 47
    In the following table are set out the corresponding figures for the past 10 years:—
    Year.No. of Notifications.Notification rate per 1,000 population.No. of Deaths.Death rate per 1,000 populationCase Mortality per cent.Percentage of Cases removed to Hospital.
  • Page 48
    In the following Table are set out the corresponding figures for the past 10 years:—
    Year.No. of Notifications.Notification rate per 1,000 population.No of Deaths.Death rate per 1,000 populationCase mortality per cent.Percentage of cases removed to hospital.
  • Page 49
    The number of cases of Typhoid Fever, corrected for errors of diagnosis, which have been notified since 1913, and the number of deaths which occurred amongst these is shown in the following Table, from which it will be seen that the disease has declined very much in the last few years:—
    Year.Cases notified.Fatal uses.Case Mortality per cent.
  • Page 50
    Particulars in regard to the 8 cases are set out in the following table:—
    Date of Notification.Date of Onset.Date of Death.Age.Sex.Ward and District.Bacteriological Examination, etc,
  • Page 51
    From 1913 the number of cases of cerebrospinal meningitis in the borough notified, or otherwise reported (corrected for errors of diagnosis, etc.), and the number of these cases which died, were as follows:—
    Cases notified.Fatal cases.Case mortality per cent.
  • Page 53
    In the following table are given the age and sex distribution of deaths certified during 1919 as due to (a) declared syphilis, (b) locomotor ataxy and general paralysis of the insane, which are believed by most experts to be late manifestations of the disease, and (c) aortic aneurysm, which many authorities now consider to be at any rate frequently caused by it:—
    0-11-55—1515—2525—3535—4545—5555—6565—7575—8585 up.Total Males.0-11-55-1515—2525 -3535-4545—5555-6565—7575—S585 up.Total Females.Total Persons.
  • Page 54
    Deaths from Influenza, Heart Disease, Bronchitis, Pneumonia, and Pulmonary Tuberculosis reported in each week in 1918, 1919, and the first half of 1920.
    Week No. 1918Influenza.Diseases of Heart.Bronchitis.Pneumonia.Pulmonary Tuberculosis.Week No. 1919Influenza.Diseases of Heart.Bronchitis.Pneumonia.Pulmonary Tuberculosis.Week No. 1920Influenza.Diseases of Heart.Bronchitis.Pneumonia.Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
  • Page 55
    The sex distribution of the deaths and death-rates is shown in the following table:—
    Sex.No. of Deaths.Death-rates per 1,000 males or females living (based on 1911 Census).
  • Page 59
    Centre.Attendances.Visits by Trained Visitors.Infant Consultations.Expectant Mothers Consultations.Visitors.
    Expectant Mothers.Children.Expectant Mothers.Children.
    New cases.Total attendances.New cases.Total attendances.First visits.Total visits.First visits.Total Visits.Per week.Total.Per month.Total.Whole Time.Part Time.
    Under 1 yearOver 1 year.Total.Under 1 year.Over 1 year.Total.
  • Page 62
    During 1919 there were 82 admissions, and the ages were as follows:—
  • Page 62
    Midwifery Work. The notifications of births in St. Pancras arc classified below (in wards and registration sub-districts) according to the manner in which the mothers were attended in their confinements:—
    Births.W.S.E.N.Total
    45783612
  • Page 63
    "Extern" Midwifery.
  • Page 63
    "Intern" Midwifery.
  • Page 64
    The Council subsidizes the provision of midwifery for St. Pancras residents by paying grants to the various agencies at the rate of as. per extern case and 10s. per intern case. The amounts paid in respect of 1919 were as follows:—
    £s.d.
  • Page 66
    ILLEGITIMATE.
    Institution.Mothers.Foundling.Total.
    Widowed.Married.Deserted.Unmarried.
  • Page 67
    The Guardians desire to add that during the past three months there have been 50 applications from women having illegitimate children, the classification of such cases being as follows:—
  • Page 74
    Home Helps. —The St. Pancras Home Helps Committee (Hon. Sec. Miss M. E. Bibby, B.A.) was instituted towards the end of 1917 to provide domestic assistance for mothers of families in sickness and childbirth. The work was continued in 1919, during which year 62 cases were dealt with, as follows:—
  • Page 75
    Government Grants. Government Grants were made during the year ended March 31st, 1920, in respect of Maternity and Child Welfare as follows:—
  • Page 76
    In the following table the cases are classified according to the manner in which the patients were attended in their confinements :—
    Confinement attended byNo. of cases of Puerperal Fever.Total number of births notified.No. of cases pe 1000 births.
  • Page 76
    The cases are classified below according to the manner in which the mothers were attended at their confinement.
    Attended at birth byNo. of cases of ophthalmia Neonatorum.Total number of births notified.No. of oases per 1000 births notified.
  • Page 77
    The cases were notified or reported as follows:—
    Measles.German measles.
  • Page 78
    In the following table are set out the deaths and death-rates from measles for the past 10 years for the whole borough and the four registration sub-districts.
    Year.Deaths.Rate per 1,000 population.
    West.South.East.North.No addressWhole BoroughWest.South.East.North.Whole Borough
  • Page 78
    WHOOPING COUGH. In the following table will be found the deaths and death-rates from whooping cough for the past ten years for the whole borough and for the four registration sub-districts:—
    Year.Deaths.Rate per 1,000 population.
    West.South.East.North.No addressWhole BoroughWest.South.East.North.Whole Borough
  • Page 80
    The work done in 1919 was as follows:—
    Total.Positive.Negative.
  • Page 86
    II. — Overcrowding. (1) The extent of overcrowding in 1911 is indicated by the following figures from the census returns of that year. The degree of overcrowding is now still greater.
    Number of Rooms per Tenement.Total number of private families (or tenements).Population.
  • Page 100
    Table No. 1. VITAL STATISTICS OF WHOLE DISTRICT OF ST. PANCRAS DURING 1919 AND PREVIOUS YEARS.
    Year.Population estimated to middle of each Year.Civil Population.Births.Total Deaths Registered in the District.Transferable DeathsNett Deaths belonging to the District.
    Uncorrected Number.Nett.of Nonresidents registered in the District.of Residents not registered in the District.Under 1 Year of Age.At all Ages.
    Number.Rate.Number.Bate.Number.Rate per l,OOONett Births.Number.Rate.
  • Page 101
    Table No. 2. Deaths Registered from all Causes for the Year 1919. Note.—The Deaths of Non-Residents occurring in Public Institutions situated in the Borough are excluded, and the Deaths of Residents occurring in Public Institutions situated beyond the limits of the Borough are included.
    Cause of Death.AGES.
    0 to 1l to 22 to 5Total under 55 to 1010 to 1515 to 2525 to 3535 to 4545 to 5555 to 6565 to 7575 to 8585 and upwards.Totals.
    M.FM.F.M.F.M.F.MF.MF.M.F.M.FM.FM.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.FM.FPERSON
  • Page 102
    Deaths 'Registered from all Causes for the Year, 1919— continued.
    Cause of Death.AGES
    0 to 11 to 22 to 5Total under 55 to 1010 to 1515 to 2525 to 3535 to 4545 to 5555 to 6565 to 7575 to 8585 and upwardsTotals
    M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.MF.M.F.M,F.MF.PERSONS
  • Page 103
    Deaths Registered from all Causes for the Y ear, 1919— continued.
    Cause of Death.AGES.
    0 to 11 to 2! 2 to 5Total under 55 to 1010 to 1515 to 2525 to 3535 to 4545 to 5555 to 6565 to 7575 to 8585 and upwardsTotals.
    M.F.M.F.M: FMFMFMFMFMFMFMF|MFM.• FM.FM.F.M.F.PER SONS
  • Page 104
    Deaths Registered from all Causes for the Y ear, 1919— continued.
    Cause of Death.AGES.
    0 to 11 1 to 22 to 5Total under 55 to 1010 to 1515 to 2525 to 3535 to 4545 to 5555 to 6565 to 7575 to 8585and upwardsTotals.
    7. The Puerperal State.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M..F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.PERSONS
  • Page 105
    Table No. 3. Summary of Ages.
    0 to 11 to 22 to 5Total under 5 years.5 to 1010 to 1515 to 2525 to 3535 to 4545 to 5555 to 6565 to 7575 to 8585 and upwards.Totals.
  • Page 106
    Table No. 4. Total Births, Total Deaths, and Infantile Deaths, with corresponding rates, for each Ward and Registration Sub-District. In this Table the estimated population, total or civil, is distributed amongst the Wards and Sub-districts in the same proportion as at the 1911 Census; the transferred births are allocated to the Wards and Sub-districts in proportion to their respective populations, but some of the births which took place in St. Pancras institutions are not redistributed, but are allocated to the districts in which the institutions are situated; and deaths of residents which took place outside of the Borough and deaths in public institutions are classified in the respective Sub-districts and Wards of their previous residence.
    Registration Sub-Districts.Wards.Net Births.Birth-rate per 1,000 total population.Net Deaths.Death-rate per 1,000 civil population.Deaths under 1 year of age.Infantile Death-rate per 1.000 Births.
  • Page 107
    Table No . 5.—Showing the Birth rates, Death rates, and Infantile Mortality rates of England and Wales and certain of the large Towns, and of London and the Metropolitan Boroughs for 191S. (53 weeks ending 3rd January, 1920.)
    Population (Civilian) as Estimated by the Registrar-General in the middle of 1919.Birth Rate.Death Rate.Infantile Mortality.Population (Civilian) as Estimated by the Registrar-General in the middle of 1919.Birth Rate.Death Rate. (Crude),Infantile Mortality.
  • Page 108
    Table No. 6. METEOROLOGICAL TABLE FOR SAINT PANCRAS, 1919. ( Extracted from the Monthly Returns of the Meteorological Office. ) Deduced from Observations at Camden Square, N.W., under the Superintendence of H. Robert Mill, d.sc., ll.d.
    January.February.March.April.May.June.July.: August.September.October.November.December.
  • Page 109
    Table No. 7. Inspections and Re-inspections made by District Inspectors and temporary Women Inspectors and by Factory and Workshop (Male) Inspector during the year 1919.
    DUTIES AND PREMISES.Male Inspectors.Temporary Women Inspectors.Total.
    Inspections.Re-inspections.Inspections.Re-inspections.Inspections.Re-inspections.
  • Page 110
    Table No.8. Inspections and Re-Inspections and other work of the Food Inspectors during 1910.
    DUTIES AND PREMISES.Visits and Inspections,Re-Inspections after Intimation Notices.
    Mr. Auger.Mr. Child,Totals.Mr. Auger.Mr. Child.Totals.
  • Page 111
    Table No. 8— con. Inspections and Re-inspections and other work of the Food Inspectors during 1919.
    DUTIES AND PREMISES.Visits and Inspections.Re-Inspections after Intimation Notices.
    Mr. Auger.Mr. Child.Totals.Mr. Auger.Mr. Child.Totals.
  • Page 112
    Table No. 9. Visits, etc., made by Women Inspectors during 1919.
    First Visits.Subsequent Visits.Call made but admission not obtained.
    Miss Bibby.Miss Smith.Miss Payne.*Miss Mac Knzie.Mrs. Hunter.Miss Anderson.Miss Blaxland.Miss Camman.Miss Parnell.fMiss Witt.Total.Miss Bibby.Miss Smith.* Miss Payne.*Miss MacKenzie.Mrs. Hunter.Miss Anderson.Miss Blaxland.Miss Camman.Miss Parnell.tMiss Witt,Total. |Miss Bibby.Miss Smith.*Miss Payne.*Miss MacKenzie.Mrs. Hunter.Miss Anderson.Miss Blaxland.MissCamman.Miss Parnell.†Miss Witt.Total.Grand Total.
  • Page 113
    T able N o . 10. Total Number of Inspections and Re-inspections made by individual Inspectors and Visitors during the year 1919.
    Inspector.Inspections.Re-inspections.Call made but admission not obtained."Food Control."Total.
    Inspections.Re-inspections.
  • Page 114
    Table No. 11. Intimations as to Nuisances and Breaches of Statutes and By-laws served by the Sanitary Inspectors during 1919, and the resulting Statutory Notices in 1919 and the early part of 1920.
    Sohedule of Nuisances.Intimations.Statutory Notices.
  • Page 114
    Table No. 12.
    Registered Tenement Houses—Breaches of By-Laws.Intimations.Statutory Notices.
  • Page 115
    Table No. 13.
    Factories, Workshops and Work Places—Breaches of Statutes.Intimations.Statutory Notices.
  • Page 115
    Table No. 14.
    Breaches of other Statutes and Statutory By-laws.Intimations.Statutory Notices.