London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972

View report tables

Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

London County Council 1913

[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for London County Council]

Published
1914
Pages
380
Tables
339

This page requires JavaScript

339 tables in this report

  • Page 2
    The census populations of London boroughs in 1901 and 1911 and the mid-year population in 1913, as estimated by the Registrar-General, are shown in the following table :—
    Metropolitan borough.Census Population 1st April, 1901.Tensus Population 3rd April, 1911.Estimated Population (middle of year 1913).Metropolitan borough.Census Population 1st April, 1901.Census Population 3rd April, 1911.Estimated Population (middle of year 1913).
  • Page 2
    As a standard bv which to measure the effect of local migration upon the age-constitution of the population, the changes during the last twenty years in England and Wales as a whole may be taken; and the figures for this area are compared with those for London in the following table, which shows the increase (+) or decrease (—) in the population at age-groups in the two areas in the twenty years intervening between the census of 1891 and that of 1911.
    Males.Females.
    London.England and Wales.London.England and Wales.
  • Page 3
    Th e figures for the county deserve, therefore, to be shown for these two areas separately, and are as follows:—
    Age-group.Males.Females.
    London. North of the Thames.London. South of the Thames.London. North of the Thames.London. South of the Thames.
  • Page 3
    If, however, there be added to the northern area those extra-London districts into which the outward movement has chiefly taken place, namely the registration county of Middlesex and the districts of West Ham, Epping and Romford in Essex, a grouped northern population is obtained which exhibits changes generally comparable with those in England and Wales:—
    Age-group.Males.Females.
  • Page 4
    The following figures, abstracted from volume ix. of the 1911 census (pp. xxv. and xxvi.), show the age-constitution per 1,000 males and per 1,000 females of persons (i.) enumerated in London born elsewhere (immigrants) and (ii.) born in London enumerated elsewhere (emigrants) :
    Age-group.Males.Females.
    Immigrants.Emigrants.Immigrants.Emigrants.
  • Page 4
    The northern area, therefore, receives the greater proportion of foreigners, and as this area is practically built over, the immigrant foreigners must almost necessarily displace the native population, as will be seen from the following table:—
    Birth-place.North of the Thames.South of the Thames.
  • Page 4
    The age-constitution of the foreign-born population of London per 1,000 of each sex deduced from figures given on page 251 of the same census volume is as follows:—
    Age-group.Foreign immigrants.
    Males.Females.
  • Page 5
    The rate of natural increase, therefore, is the rate that would obtain in a population whose numbers are undisturbed by migration.
    Period.Annual birth-rates per 1,000 living.Annual death-rates per 1,000 living.Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 living.
    London.Greater London. (a)England and Wales.London.Greater London. (a)England and Wales.London.Greater London. (a)England and Wales.
  • Page 5
    The following table enables comparison to be made of the rates of "natural increase" of the London population with those of the principal towns of England in the period 1908-12, and in the year 1913.
    Town.1908-12.1913.Town.1908-12.1913.
  • Page 6
    The factors affecting the rates of natural increase in the different localities probably tend more to vitiate accurate comparison when the populations concerned are of different nationalities, and this should be borne in mind in connection with the following table showing the rate of increase in London and certain foreign towns (d) :—
    Town.1908-121913.Town.190S-12.1913.
  • Page 6
    The marriage-rate in successive periods has been as follows—
    Period.Marriage-rate per 1,000 persons living.Period.Marriage-rate per l,ooo persons liviug.
  • Page 7
    seen that both in London and in England and Wales the proportion of male and female minors in every 100 marriages has been diminishing for a number of years, but there is some indication of a pause in the decline:—
    Period.Marriages of minors per cent. of total marriages.
    London.England anrl Wales.
    Males.Females.Males.Females.
  • Page 7
    The birth-rate in successive periods has been as follows:—
    Period.Birth-rate per 1,000 persons living.Period.Birth-rate per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 7
    The corresponding figures for England and Wales, which show a decline generally similar to that noted in London, are as follows:—
    Period.Birth-rate per 1,000 persons living.Period.Birth-rate per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 8
    Were similar correction made in other towns considerable modification of the rates shown might result.
    Town.1908-12.1913.Town.1908-12.1913.
  • Page 8
    There is considerable difference in practice as to the registration and allocation of births occurring in the several towns, and the rates shown must, therefore, be regarded as affording material for only approximate comparison.
    Town.1908-12.1913Town.1908-12.1913.
  • Page 8
    The following table shows the birth-rate in the several sanitary districts per 1,000 persons living in the period 1908-12 and in the year 1913:¡ª
    Metropolitan borough.Births, 1913 (53 weeks). (a)Birth-rate per 1,000 persons living, (a)
    1908-12.1913.
  • Page 9
    Under the Notification of Births Act, 1907, the London County Council receives particulars Notification of the births which have been notified to the medical officers of health of the several sanitary of births, districts in London, and from the information thus received the following table has been prepared:—
    Metropolitan borough.Total births notified (corrected for institutions).Stillbirths (corrected)Births less still-births (corrected).Births registered (corrected).Excess of registered over notified births (corrected).
  • Page 9
    The number and percentage of still-births and of multiple births notified in 1913 (uncorrected for institutions) is shown in the following table:—
    Metropolitan borough.Total births notified.Still-births.Percentage still born.Multiple births.Total born.Percentage of mothers delivered of more than one child at a birth.
    Twins.Triplets.
    Cases.Stillborn.Cases.Stillborn.
    One-both.One.Two.Three
  • Page 10
    The death-rate in successive periods has been as follows :—
    Period.Death-rate (All Causes) per 1,000 persons living.Period.Death-rato (All Causes) per l,0()0persons living.
  • Page 10
    The columns showing death-rates corrected for age and sex distribution have been obtained by multiplying the crude death-rates by the "factors for correction" published by the Registrar-General in the ^Annual Summary for 1912.
    Town.Estimated Population (middle of 1913).Crude death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living (corrected for age and sex distribution).Comparative mortality figure.
    1908-12.1913.1908-12.1913.1913.
  • Page 10
    The following table enables comparison to be made of the crude death-rate of London with that of several foreign tiowns :—
    Town.1908-12.1913.Town.1908-12.1913•
  • Page 11
    The following table shows the mean death-rates obtaining in London at the several age-groups and for each sex in the decennium 1901-1910 and in the year 1913.
    Ago-group.Males.Females.
    Mean death-rate 1901-1910.Death-rate 1913.Difference per cent.Mean death-ratel901-1910.Death-rate 1913.Difference per cent.
  • Page 11
    The following table shows the results thus obtained from the London Life Table, which has been newly calculated on the basis of the mortality in the years 1901-1910. (See Appendix III., p. 105, Annual Report of County Medical Officer, 1912.)
    Age-groupMean future lifetime, 1901-1910.Age-group.Mean future lifetime, 1901-1910.
    Males.Females.Males.Females.
    Years.Years.Years.Years.
  • Page 11
    The number of lives thus shown to have been gained in 1913 is also given, and the figures in the last column of the table express this gain in terms of "life-capital," these being obtained by applying the mean future lifetime figures given in the preceding table to the number of lives gained at each age-group:—
    Age-group.Deaths calculated according to mean death-rates of 1901-1910.Deaths occurring in the year 1913.Gain (+) or loss (—) of lives in the year 1913, by fluctuations of mortality.Gain (+) or loss (—) of "life capital" in the year 1913 by fluctuations of mortality.
  • Page 12
    Annual Report of the London County Council , 1913.
    Age-group.Deaths calculated according to mean death-rates of 1901-1910.Deaths occurring in the year 1913.Gain (+) or loss (—) of lives in the year 1913, by fluctuations of mortality.Gain (+) or loss (—) of "life capital" in the year 1913 by fluctuations of mortality.
  • Page 12
    The following table shows the crude death-rates, and the death-rates corrected for differences in the age and sex constitution of the population of the several sanitary districts during the year 1913, and for the period 1908-12 (a).
    Area.Factor for correction for age and sex distribution.Crude death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Corrected death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Corrected comparative mortality figure (London, 1,000).
    1908-12.1913.1908-12.1913.1908-12.1913.
  • Page 13
    The proportion in successive periods has been as follows:—
    Period.Deaths under one year of age per 1,000 births.Period.Deaths under one year of age per 1,000 births.
  • Page 13
    The following table enables comparison to be made of the infant mortality in London and other large English towns.
    Town.1908-12.1913.Town.1908-12.1913.
  • Page 13
    The following table shows the deaths of infants under one year of age and the number of these deaths per 1,000 births in each of the sanitary districts of the County of London for the period 1908-12 and for the year 1913(b):—
    Metropolitan borough.Deaths under one year of age, 1913 (53 weeks).Deaths under one year of age per 1,000 births.
    1908-12.1913.
  • Page 14
    Annual Report of the London County Council, 1913.
    Metropolitan borough.Deaths under one year of age, 1913 (53 weeks).Deaths under one year of age per 1,000 deaths.
    1908-12.1913.
  • Page 14
    It will be seen that the total deaths here shown differ slightly trora the total in the preceding table derived from the annual summary of the Registrar-General.
    Cause of death.Under 1 Week.1-2 Weeks.2-3 Weeks.3-4 Weeks.Total under 1 Month.0-3 Months.3-6 Months.6-9 Months.9-12 Months.Total Deaths under one year.
  • Page 15
    Comparison may be made between the number of deaths from the several causes in the above Causes of table with those of the seven antecedent years by reference to the following table:—
    Cause of death.1965. 52 weeks.1906. 52 weeks.1907. 52 weeks.1908. 53 weeks.1909. 52 weeks.1910. 52 weeks.1911. 52 weeks.1912. 52 weeks.1913. 53 weeks.Deaths in 1913 in excess or defect of the corrected average for 1905-12.
    Dimi- nution in 1913.Excess in 1913.
  • Page 15
    The total deaths among children under one year of age from "all causes" at certain age periods in 1913 may be compared with similar figures included in the Annual Reports for preceding years as follows :—
    Year.Under 1 Week.1-2 Weeks.2-3 Weeks.3-4 Weeks.Total under 1 Month.0-3 Months.3-6 Months.6-9 Months.9-12 Months.Total Deaths under one year.
  • Page 16
    The following table has been prepared to show approximately the death-rates in age-periods per 1,000 living at the beginning of each period:—
    Year.Under 1 Week.1-2 Weeks.2-3 Weeks.3-4 Weeks.Total under 1 Month.0-3 Months.3-6 Months.6-9 Months.9-12 Months.Total under one year. (a)
  • Page 16
    With a view to comparing the rates of mortality from the several groups ot diseases, per 1,000 born, in the years 1905-13 the following table has been prepared:—
    Year.All causes. (a)Measles.Whooping-cough.Diarrhœal diseases.Wasting diseases.Tuberculous diseases.Meningitis and convulsions.Bronchitis.Pneumonia.Other causes.
  • Page 16
    The following table shows the age-distribution of the deaths under one year of age in the several sanitary districts of London:—
    Metropolitan borough.Under 1 Week.1-2 Weeks.2-3 Weeks.3-4 Weeks.Total under 1 Month.0-3 Months.3-6 Months.6-9 Months.9-12 Months.Total under 1 Year
  • Page 17
    With a view to the consideration of the effect of "social condition (a)" on the rates of infantile mortality at different periods during the first year of life, the following table has been prepared, in which the rates of infant mortality obtaining for groups of districts can be compared:—
    Infant mortality to relation to "social condition"—1913.
    Age-period.Group of boroughs in order of "social condition."
    I.II.III.IV.V.
  • Page 17
    This will be better appreciated by reference to the following table, in which the mortality of the group of districts of relatively highest "social condition" is taken as 100:—
    Number of group of boroughs in order of "social condition."Comparative mortality—Group I. taken as 100.
    Children aged 0-3 months.Children aged 3-6 months.Children aged 6-9 months.Children aged 9-12 months.Children under 1 year.
    1905-12.1913.1905-12.1913.1905-12.1913.1905-12.1913.1905-12.1913.
  • Page 18
    The following table shows the deaths from the principal epidemic diseases (excluding pyrexia, typhus, diarrhœa and enteritis), and the death-rates per 1,000 persons living in each of the sanitary districts of the County in 1913, and the death-rates for the period 1908-12:—
    Metropolitan borough.Deaths, 1913 (53 weeks).Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
    1908-12.1913.
  • Page 18
    Smallpox and Vaccination. The death-rates from smallpox in successive periods have been as follows:—
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 19
    During the complete years in which the notification of infectious diseases has been obligatory the number of cases of smallpox (uncorrected for errors in diagnosis) notified to the medical officers of health in the various sanitary districts comprised in the Administrative County has been as follows:—
    Year.Cases of smallpox notified.Case-rate per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 19
    It will be seen from the following table that in the quinquennium 1908-12 and in the year 1913 none of the under-mentioned towns had an appreciable death-rate from small-pox.
    Town.1908-12.1913.Town.1908-12.1913.
  • Page 19
    The following table shows that, of the undermentioned towns, Petrograd alone had an appreciable death-rate from smallpox during the last six years:—
    Town1908-121913.Town.1908-12.1913.
  • Page 20
    The following table shows the proportion of children born in London in each year who were not finally accounted for in respect of vaccination.
    YearChildren not finally accounted for (including cases postponed) per cent. of total births.Year.Children not finally accounted fo (including cases postponed) per cent, of total births.
  • Page 20
    During these years the proportion of children exempted by certificate of conscientious objection, together with the proportion of children not finally accounted for, in the several Unions, has been as follows:—
    Metropolitan Union.1898.1899.1900.1901.1902.1903.1904.1905.1906.1907.1908.1909.1910.1911.1912.
  • Page 21
    The death-rates from this disease per 1,000 persons living in 1913 and preceding period have been as follows:—
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 21
    The following table shows the death-rate from measles of children at this age in successive periods:—
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 children living at ages 0—5.Period.Death-rate per 1,000 children living at ages 0—5.
  • Page 21
    The following table shows the deaths from measles, in 1913 (53 weeks) and the death-rates in 1908-12 and 1913 in each o£ the sanitary districts of the County:—
    Metropolitan borough.Deaths, 1913 (53 weeks).Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
    1908-12.1913.
  • Page 22
    Annual Report of the London County Council, 1913.
    Metropolitan borough.Deaths, 1913 (53 weeks).Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
    1908-12,1913.
  • Page 22
    If the London measles death-rate be compared with that of the following large English towns, it will be seen that in the quinquennium 1908-12, the London death-rate was exceeded by the death-rates of Liverpool, Manchester, Birmingham, Sheffield, West Ham, and Salford, and in the year 1913 exceeded all except Liverpool, Manchester, Birmingham, Sheffield, Stoke-on-Trent and Salford.
    Town.1908-12.1913.Town.1908-12.1913.
  • Page 23
    The scarlet fever case-rates, death-rates and case-mortality for 1913 and preceding periods are shown in the following table:—
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Case-rate per 1,000 persons living.Case-mortality per cent.
  • Page 23
    In 1913 it was exceeded by all except Leeds, Bristol, Bradford, Hull, Stoke-on-Trent and Leicester.
    Town.1908-12.1913.Town.1908-12.1913.
  • Page 23
    The following table shows the scarlet fever cases, deaths, case-rates, and death-rates for the year 1913 and the case-rates and death-rates for the period 1908-12 in the several sanitary districts.
    Metropolitan borough.Notified cases, 1913 (53 weeks).Case-rate per 1,000 persons living.Deaths, 1913 (53 weeks).Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
    1908-12.1913.1908-12.1913.
  • Page 24
    Annual Report of the London County Council, 1913.
    Metropolitan borough.Notified cases, 1913 (53 weeks).Case rate per 1,000 persons living.Deaths, 1913 (53 weeks).Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
    1908-12.1913.1908-12. |1913.
  • Page 24
    In the age-groups adopted for the purposes of this table, the greatest incidence of attack was upon males aged 4-5 years, and females aged 5-10 years; the greatest incidence of death was upon males aged 1-2 and females aged 2-4; and the fatality was highest among males aged 0-1 and females aged 1-2 years.
    Age-period.Males.Females.
    Notified cases. 53 weeks.Deaths. 365 days.Case-mortaiity per cent.Rates per 100,000 living.Notified cases. 53 weeks.Deaths. 365 days.Case-mortality per cent.Rates per 100,000 living.
    Cases.Deaths.Cases.Deaths.
  • Page 24
    Cases certified to be those of scarlet fever and admitted into the hospitals of the Metropolitan Asylums Board in which the diagnosis was not subsequently confirmed, constituted in successive years following percentage of the total cases admitted:—
    Year.Percentage.Year.Percentage.
  • Page 25
    The diphtheria case-rates, death-rates, and case-mortality in i913, and preceding periods, are shown in the following table:—
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Case-rate per 1,000 persons living.Case-mortality per cent.
  • Page 25
    It the London diphtheria death-rate be compared with the death-rates of the following large English towns, it will be seen that in the quinquennium 1908-12 the London rate was exceeded by that of all except Sheffield, Nottingham and Leicester, and in 1913 was exceeded by the rates of all except Bristol and Leicester.
    Town.1908-12.1913.Town.1908-12.1913.
  • Page 25
    The following table shows the diphtheria cases, deaths, case-rates, and death-rates for the year 1913, and the case-rates and death-rates for the period 1908-12, in the several sanitary districts:—
    Metropolitan borough.Notified Cases, 1913 (53 weeks).Case-rate per 1,000 persons living.Deaths, 1913 (53 weeks).Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
    1908-12.1913.1908-12.1913.
  • Page 26
    Annual Report of the London County Council , 1913.
    Metropolitan borough.Notified Cases, 1913 (53 weeks)Case-rate per 1,000 persons living.Deaths, 1913 (53 weeks).Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
    1908-12.1913.1903-12.1913.
  • Page 26
    The greatest incidence of death was upon males and females aged 1-2 years, and the fatality was greatest among males and females under 2 years of age.
    Age-period.Males.Females.
    Notified Cases, 53 weeks.Deaths, 365 days.Case mortality per cent.Rates per 100,000 living.Notified Cases, 53 weeks.Deaths, 365 days.Case mortality per cent.Rates per 100,000 living.
    Cases.Deaths.Cases.Deaths.
  • Page 27
    The figures f or the years 1901-9 diner irom those given in previous reports owing to the revision of the population estimates on the basis of the results of the 1911 census.
    Metropolitan borough.Diphtheria.—Comparative case-rate (London case-rate taken as 100).
    1891189218931S941895189618971898189919001901190219031904190519061907190819091910191119121913
  • Page 27
    Cases notified as diphtheria and admitted into the hospitals of the Metropolitan Asylums Board but in which the diagnosis was not subsequently confirmed, constituted the following percentage of total cases admitted in successive years:—
    Year.Percentage.Year.Percentage.
  • Page 28
    The death-rates from this disease in 1913 and preceding periods have been as follows:—
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 28
    The following table shows the death-rates from whooping-cough in London per 1,000 children living at ages 0-5 years. The rates are shown for each decennium from 1851 and for the several years from 1901 to 1913.
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 children living at ages 0-5.Period.Death-rate per 1,000 children living at ages 0-5.
  • Page 28
    It will be seen from the following table that in the quinquennium 1908-12 the London whooping-cough death-rate was exceeded by that of all the undermentioned towns except Bradford, Hull, Nottingham, Portsmouth and Leicester; while in the year 1913 it exceeded that of Sheffield, Bristol, Bradford, Nottingham, Portsmouth and Leicester.
    Town.1908-12.1913.Town.1908-12.1913.
  • Page 29
    The following table shows the whooping-cough deaths and death-rates for the year 1913 and the death-rates for the period 1908-12 in the several sanitary districts:—
    Metropolitan borough.Deaths, 191-3 (53 weeks).Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
    1908-12.1913.
  • Page 29
    Typhus. There were no deaths from typhus in the Administrative County of London during the year 1913. The death-rates from this disease in successive periods have been as follows:—
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 31
    The case-rates and death-rates per 1,000 persons living and the case-mortality per cent, in 1912 and preceding periods were as follows:—
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Case-rate per 1,000 persons living.Case-mortality per cent.
  • Page 34
    The following table shows the typhoid fever cases, deaths, case-rates and death-rates for the year 1913, and the case-rates and death-rates for the period 1908-12 in the several sanitary districts—
    Metropolitan borough.Notified cases, 1913 (53 weeks).Case-rate per 1,000 persons living.Deaths, 1913 (33 weeks).Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
    1908-12.1913.1908-12.1913.
  • Page 35
    Report of the County Medical Officer—General.
    Metropolitan Borough.Notified, cases, 1913 (53 weeks).Case-rate per 1,000 persons living.Deaths, 1913 (53 weeks).Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
    1908-12.1913.1908-12.1913.
  • Page 35
    In the age groups adopted for the purposes of this table the greatest incidence of attack was upon males aged 15-20 and females aged 10-15 ; the greatest incidence of death was upon males aged 35-55 and females 35-45 ; and the fatality was greatest among males aged 45-55 and females over 55 years of age.
    Age-period.Males.Females.
    Notified Cases. 53 weeks.Deaths. 365 days.Case-mortality per cent.Rates per 100,000 living.Notified Cases. 53 weeks.Deaths. 365 days.Case-mortality per cent.Rates per 100,000 living.
    Cases.Deaths.Cases.Deaths.
  • Page 35
    Cases certified to be typhoid fever admitted into the hospitals of the Metropolitan Asylums Board, but in which the diagnosis was not subsequently confirmed, constituted the following percentage of total cases admitted in successive years:—
    Year,Percentage.Year.Percentage.
  • Page 36
    The following table shows that the London death-rate in 1913 from diarrhoea and enteritis among infants under two years of age per 1,000 births was lower than the death-rate of all the undermentioned large English towns, except Bristol, Newcastle-on-Tyne and Portsmouth.
    Town.Deaths.Death-rate per 1,000 births.Town.Deaths.Death-rate per 1,000 births.
  • Page 36
    The deaths and death-rates from diarrhoea and enteritis among infants under two years of age for the year 1913 in each of the sanitary districts of London, are shown in the following table:—
    Metropolitan borough.Deaths 1913 (53 weeks).Death-rate 1913 per 1,000 births.
  • Page 36
    The age-distribution of these deaths was as follows:—
    Under 1 Year.1—5—10—15—20—25—35—45—55—65—75 +All ages.
  • Page 37
    The number of cases notified and the number of deaths registered from this disease since 1890 have been as follows:—
    Year.Notified Cases.Case-rate per 1,000 persons living.Deaths. (a)Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 37
    The number of cases of erysipelas notified and the case-rate for the year 1913, together with the case-rate for the period 1908-12, in the several sanitary districts are shown in the following table :—
    Metropolitan borough.Notified Cases, 1913 (53 weeks).Case-rate per 1,000 persons living.
    1908-12.1913.
  • Page 38
    The following table shows the age and sex distribution of the notified cases of erysipelas in 1913—
    Sex.Under 1 year.1-5-10-15-20-25-35-45-55-65-75 and upwards.All Ages.
  • Page 38
    The number of cases notified and the number of deaths registered from this cause since the year 1890 have been as follows—
    Year.Notified cases.Deaths. (c)
  • Page 38
    If these cases and deaths are considered in relation to the total population and total births the following rates are obtained—
    Year.Case-rate per 1,000 living.Case-rate per 1,000 births.Death-rate (e) per 1,000 living.1 Death-rate (c) per 1,000 births.
  • Page 39
    Continued from previous page...
    Year.Case-rate per 1,000 living.Case-rate per 1,000 births.Death-rate (a) per 1,000 living.Death-rate (a) per 1,000 births.
  • Page 40
    The deaths and death-rates from these diseases since 1889 have been as follows :—
    Year.Influenza (a).Bronchitis (a).Pneumonia (a).
    Deaths.Death-rate.Deaths.Death-rate.Deaths.Death-rate.
  • Page 40
    The distribution of deaths (a) from influenza throughout the year(c) for each of the years 1891 to 1913 is shown in the following table c—
    No. of weeks.189118921893189418951896189718981899190019011902190319041905190619071908190919101911 (b)1912 (b)1913 (b)
  • Page 40
    The death-rates from this disease in successive periods have been as follows :—
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 41
    The factors for correction, also shown in the table, have been calculated by applying the 1911 census population, at each age and for each sex, of each of the London sanitary districts, to the death-rates, at each age and for each sex, obtaining in England and Wales during the decennium 1901-1910 :—
    Metropolitan borough.Factor for correction f«»r age and sex distribution.Crude death-rate.Corrected death-rate.Comparative mortality figure. (London 1,000.)
    1908-12.1913.1908-12.1913.1908-12.1913.
  • Page 42
    The effect of this more exact allocation of deaths, will be seen from the following table, which indicates the percentage by which the death-rates, as given in the Summaries for the three years 1911-1913, are increased in the more accurate annual report figures for the same period.
    Metropolitan Borough.Increase in death- rates per cent.Metropolitan Borough.Increase in death- rates per cent.Metropolitan Borough,Increase in death- rates per cent.
  • Page 42
    A point of considerable interest in connection with the influence exerted by movement of population upon the phthisis death-rate, is thus brought to light for it transpires that in areas of better social class the percentage increase in the death-rate is greater, i.e., a greater number of London residents of the better class die away from Greater London than of the poorer classes, the figures being as follows :—
    Number of group of boroughs in order of "social condition," (a)Increase in group death-rate per cent.
  • Page 42
    The following table shows the mortality from phthisis during the year 1913 in groups of London sanitary districts, arranged in order of "social condition."
    Number of group of boroughs in order of "social condition."Crude phthisis death-rate per 1,000 persons living. (b)Corrected death-rate per 1,000 persons living. (b)Corrected death-rate (London, 1,000).
  • Page 43
    The rates for 1911 are given in the following table.
    Age group.Death-rate per 1,000 living in each age-group in 1911.
    England and Wales.Prussia,
    All causes.Tuberculosis.Tuberculosis per cent of all causes.AU causes.Tuberculosis.Tuberculosis per cent, of all causes.
  • Page 44
    Taking those complications only which might alone have been fatal it will be found that the percentage of deaths in which such complications were certified to exist was as follows:—
    Age-group.Percentage of total deaths from Tuberculosis in which complications wore certified.
  • Page 45
    They are as follows :—
    Period.Loss (—) or gain (+) by balance of emigration and immigration.
    England and Wales.Ireland,Germany.
  • Page 45
    These figures only relate to net gain or loss. Some indication of the extent of emigration from particular European countries may be obtained from the following statement as to the nationality of the majority of immigrants into the United States given in "Immigration," by Henry Pratt Fairchild :—
    Native country of ImmigrantsPercentage of total immigrants.
    1861-70.1871-80.1881-90.1891-1900.1901-10.
  • Page 47
    Under this order the Council has made the following summary return of cases of tuberculosis notified in the County of London during the eleven months of 1913 in which the regulations under the new order were in operation.
    Form of Tuberculosis notified.Sex.Notifications on Form A. (Total of primary notifications received in London boroughs, other than elementary school cases, infra.)
    0—1—5—10—15—20—25—35—45—55—65 +Age not stated.Total.
  • Page 47
    Under this order the Council has made the following summary return of cases of tuberculosis notified in the County of London during the eleven months of 1913 in which the regulations under the new order were in operation.
    Form of Tuberculosis notified.Sex.Notifications on Form B. (Primary notifications of cases discovered through medical inspection in elementary schools.)Notifications on Form C. (Secondary notifications from institutions receiving cases).
    0—5—10—15 +Total.Poor-law.Other.
  • Page 48
    This correction having been made, the incidence of attack and mortality per 1,000 cases and deaths at all ages, is as follows :—
    Age-group.Pulmonary Tuberculosis.Other Tuberculosis.All Tuberculosis.
    Cases.Deaths.Cases.Deaths.Cases.Deaths.
    M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.
  • Page 48
    While the above table serves to show the difference in age-distribution of 1,000 cases and deaths in the two sexes throughout life, the following table gives the relative incidence of disease and death on the two sexes at each age-period :—
    Age-group.Pulmonary tuberculosis among females. (Males=100)Other tuberculosis among females. (Males=100).All tuberculosis among females. (Males — 100).
    Cases.Deaths.Cases.Deaths.Cases.Deaths.
  • Page 49
    The death-rates from this disease in successive periods have been as follows:—
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Period.Death-rate per 1,000 per sons living.
  • Page 49
    These factors are shown in the following table, together with the death-rates for each sanitary district, corrected by their application. (b)
    Metropolitan borough. IFactor for correction for age and sex distribution.Crude death-rateper 1,000 persons living.Corrected death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Comparative mortality figure (London 1,000).
    1908-12.1913.1908-12.1913.1908-12.1913.
  • Page 50
    The number of deaths in the London population registered in each year since 1901 has been as follows:—
    Deaths.(a)Deaths. (a)
  • Page 50
    The age distribution of the 92 cases notified in 1913 was as follows:—
    Sex.Cerebro-spinal fever—Age distribution of notified cases, 1913.
    0-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-13-15 +All ages.
  • Page 50
    The age distribution of the 145 cases notified during 1913 was as follows:—
    Sex.0-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-13-15 +All ages.
  • Page 51
    The following figures indicate the number of cases notified in London from 1901 to 1913 inclusive :—
  • Page 53
    The temperature and rainfall in each month of the year 1913 are shown in the following table :—
    Month.Temperature of the air.Departure of mean monthly temperature from average of preceding 70 years.Rain and other forms of precipitation.Departure of mean monthly rainfall from average of preceding 65 years.
    Absolute maximum.Absolute minimum.Mean for the month.Number of days it fell.Amount collected.
  • Page 54
    The Council received during the year 174 applications for cowhouse licences, 171 of which were granted. The numbers of applications for licences received during the last twenty years and the numbers granted are shown in the following table. It will be seen that the number of these premises in London is continually decreasing.
    Year.No. of applications received.No. of premises for which licences were granted.
  • Page 54
    Tables showing these proceedings included in this report have therefore, in the main, been compiled from tabular statements in the annual reports of medical officers of health, but in some cases it has been necessary to use figures otherwise appearing in their reports. The following table relating to cowsheds has been thus prepared:—
    Metropolitan borough.Number of cowshed premises.Number of inspections by the sanitary authority, 1913.Number of prosecutions by sanitary authority, 1913.
    On register at end of 1912.Added in 1913.Removed in 1913.On register at end of 1913.
  • Page 55
    The following table shows the number of milkshop premises at the end of 1912 and 1913 in the metropolitan boroughs of London, the number of inspections and the proceedings taken. The table has mainly been compiled from information contained in the annual reports:—
    Metropolitan borough.Number of premises. (a)Number of inspections, 1913.Number of notices, 1913.Number of prosecutions, 1913.
    On register at end of 1912.Added in 1913.Removed in 1913.On register at end of 1913.
  • Page 56
    During the year 1913, there were five inspections of the cows kept in the 171 London cowsheds and the results of the examinations of the veterinary inspector at these routine inspections are given in the subjoined table:—
    Details of Examination.1st Period.2nd Period.3rd Period.4th Period.5th Period.
    30th Dec., 1912 to 10th Feb., 1913.11th Feb., 1913 to 22nd April, 1913.23rd April, 1913 to 2nd Aug., 1913.3rd Aug., 1913 to 19th Nov., 1913.20th Nov., 1913 to 28th Jan., 1914.
  • Page 57
    The following table shows the number of samples taken during the year under review, the counties from which they were derived, and the results of bacteriological examination at the Lister Institute.
    County.No. of samples taken from churns for examination.No. of samples found to be tuberculous.No. of samples found not to be tuberculous.No. of samples the examination of which was not completed owing to accident and other causes.
  • Page 58
    The following table shows the number of farms visited, the number of cows inspected and the number of cows certified to have tuberculosis of the udder during the year:—
    County.No. of farms inspected.No. of cows inspected.No. of cows with tuberculous udders.
  • Page 58
    Offensive Businesses. In the year 1913 the County Council received 226 applications for licences for slaughter-houses and granted 223. The following table shows the numbers of applications received and the numbers oi slaughter-houses licensed in recent years. It will be seen that the numbers of these premises is continually decreasing:—
    Year.No. of applications reoeived.No. of premises for which licences were granted.Year.No. of applications received.No. of premises for which licences were granted.
  • Page 59
    The number of slaughter-houses in each metropolitan borough (other than those under the jurisdiction of the City Corporation) and the frequency with which these slaughter-houses, in most of the boroughs, were inspected, is shown in the following table:¡ª
    Metropolitan borough.Number of slaughter-houses (a).No. of inspections, 1913.No. of notices, 1913.
    Licensed at end of 1912.Licence lapsed or refused in 1913.Remaining at end of 1913.
  • Page 59
    During the year the business of a soapboiler in Southwark was discontinued. The number of Offensive authorised offensive businesses, except those in the markets under the jurisdiction of the City Corpora- businesses- tion, at the end of the year was as follows:-
  • Page 59
    The boroughs in which these premises are situated, the number of premises, and, for most boroughs, the number of inspections, are shown in the following table:¡ª
    Metropolitan borough.No. on Register at end of 1913.No. of inspections, 1913.Metropolitan borough.No. on Register at end of 1913.No. of inspections 1913.
  • Page 60
    The following table, which is compiled entirely from information contained in the annual reports, shows the action taken by sanitary authorities in respect of smoke nuisance during the year, so far as this is stated in those reports.
    Metropolitan borough.Observations and inspections.Nuisances and complaints.Intimations.Statutory Notices.Summonses.
  • Page 61
    Information of these proceedings is not given in tabular form in several of the reports, and the following table has been mainly compiled from the information otherwise contained in them:—
    Metropolitan borough. (1)No. of houses inspected. (2)No. of houses dealt with under Seotion 15. (3)No. of representations, 1913. (4)No. of closing orders, 1913. (5)No. of houses, defects remedied without closing orders. (6)No. of houses, defects remedied after closing orders (7)No. of houses demolished. (8)Remarks. (9)
  • Page 62
    Underground Rooms. The number of underground rooms dealt with in 1913 in the several metropolitan boroughs is shown in the following table:—
    Metropolitan borough.No. of rooms illegally-occupied.No. of rooms closed or illegal occupation discontinued.Metropolitan borough.No. of rooms illegally occupied.No. of rooms closed or illegal occupation discontinued.
  • Page 63
    The table enables comparison to be made of the percentages of total tenements and of overcrowded tenements for the whole county in the several census years, 1891, 1901, and 1911. The details for each of the London boroughs for the two last-mentioned years only will be found in Appendix II. of the Annual Report for the year 1912.
    Tenement ofPercentage of total tenements.Overcrowded tenements. (Tenements occupied by more than 2 pereons per room.) Percentage of total population living in overcrowded tenements.
    1891.*1901.1911.Inc. ( +) or Dec. (—)1891.*1901.1911.Inc. (+) or Dec. (—)
    1891-1901.1901 1911.1891-1901.1901-1911.
  • Page 63
    The following table, showing the number of dwelling rooms found overcrowded, according to the standard prescribed by the bylaws relating to houses let in lodgings, in each metropolitan borough is compiled from information supplied by the medical officers of health, in their annual reports:—
    Metropolitan borough.No. of dwelling-rooms overcrowded.No. remedied.No. of prosecutions.
  • Page 64
    Houses let in lodgings. The following table has been compiled from the annual reports of medical officers of health, and shows the number of houses let in lodgings on the register, the number of inspections, notices issued and proceedings taken during the year 1913.
    Metropolitan borough.Number of places.No. of Inspections, 1913.No. of Notices, 1913.No. of Prosecutions, 1913.
    On register at end of 1912.Added in 1913.Re- moved in 1913.On register at end of 1913.
  • Page 65
    Death Rates in Council's Dwellings. The following death-rates obtaining among tenants of the Council's buildings relate to dwellings within the county which were occupied during the whole of the year 1913. The population thus dealt with comprised 28,882 persons, and the death-rate at "all ages," after correction for age and sex distribution, was 9.6 per 1,000 living, compared with 14.2 for London :—
    Cause of death.Death-rate per 1,000 living, 1913.
    Council's dwellings.London.
  • Page 65
    In the following table will be seen the number of houses, the authorised number of lodgers, the number of convictions, with the penalties inflicted, and other particulars during each year since 1894:—
    Year.No. of houses on register.Authorised number of lodgers.No. of day visits by inspectors.No. of night visits.No. of prosecutions.No. of convictions.Penalties and costs.No. of cases of infectious disease.
    £s.d.
  • Page 66
    The following table shows the total number of common lodging houses, and the authorised accommodation for the different classes of lodgers in the several districts other than the City of London on 31st December, 1913:—
    Sanitary district.Number of Houses.Authorised Accommodation.
    Men.Women.Couples.Total.
  • Page 66
    Table showing the number of deaths of males at five age periods from certain causes per 1,000 deaths from all causes in London (1912) and licensed common lodging-houses (1912 and 1913).
    Cause of death.Age 25 to 35.Age 35 to 45.Age 45 to 55.Age 55 to 65.Age 65 and upwards.
    London, 1912.C.L.H 1912.C.L.H. 1913.London, 1912.C.L. H. 1912.CL.H. 1913.London, 1912.C.L.H. 1912.C.L.H. 1913.London' 1912.C.L.H. 1912.C.L.H. 1913.London, 1912.CL.H. 1912.C.L.H. 1913.
  • Page 67
    At the end of the year 1913, the number of seamen's lodging houses under supervision was 44, situated in the following metropolitan boroughs:—
    Metropolitan borough.Houses.Lodgers.
  • Page 67
    In the following table will be seen the number of houses, the authorised number of lodgers, the number of convictions, with the penalties inflicted, and other particulars, during each year since the supervision of seamen's lodging-houses was undertaken by the Council:—
    Year.No. of houses on register.Authorised number of lodgers.No. of day visits by inspectors.No. of night visits.No. of prosecutions.No. of convictions.Penalties and costs.No. of cases of infectious disease.
    £s.d.
  • Page 69
    The number of cleansings at the several stations as shown in the following table has been obtained from this source:—
    Metropolitan borough.Adults.Children.Metropolitan borough.Adults.Children.
  • Page 69
    The details obtainable from the annual reports concerning the cleansing of rooms are shown in the following table:—
    Metropolitan borough.Number of rooms or premises cleansed.Metropolitan borough.Number of rooms or premises cleansed.
  • Page 70
    So far as can be gathered from the information contamed in the reports of medical officers oi health, the following table shows the extent to which the powers referred to have been applied during 1913:—
    Metropolitan borough.No. of premises caused to be supplied.No. of legal proceedings.
  • Page 71
    The number of applications received and certificates granted during 1913 is shown in the following table:—
    Metropolitan borough.No. of houses for which applications for certificates were received during 1913.No. of tenements comprised therein.No. of tenements for which applications for certificates were
    Granted.Refused.Deferred or withdrawn.
  • Page 71
    It will be seen from the following table, comparing the work done in 1913 with that done in previous years that there is little variation from year to year in the number of defects found. The number of workshops under inspection shows some diminution, mainly due, perhaps, to differences in classification.
    1907.1908.1909.1910.1911.1912.1913.
  • Page 72
    The following table summarises the information thus available and shows the number of these premises in each metropolitan borough and other particulars:—
    Metropolitan borough.Number of places.No. of inspections, 1913.No. of notices, 1913.No. of prosecutions, 1913.
    On register at end of 1912.Added in 1913.Removed in 1913.On register at end of 1913.
  • Page 72
    The annual reports of medical officers of health supply information as to the number of premise inspected and the number of inspections as shown in the following table:—
    Metropolitan borough.Premises used for the preparation and sale of food.(a)Number of inspections.Metropolitan borough.Premises used for the preparation and sale of food. (a)Number of inspections.
  • Page 73
    Shelters. The following figures, which are taken from the annual reports, show the extent to which the existing shelters were used during the year 1913, for the accommodation of persons and families, while their homes were being disinfected.
    Metropolitan borough.No. of persons accommodated.Metropolitan borough.No. of persons accommodated.
  • Page 73
    Mortuaries. The number of bodies received into the mortuaries of the metropolitan borough councils during the year is shown in the following table:—
    Metropolitan borough.Total number of bodies received into mortuary.Number of infectious bodies received into mortuary.Metropolitan borough.Total number of bodies received into mortuary.Number of infectious bodies received into mortuary.
  • Page 75
    Particulars respecting the number of patients treated at each institution from the date of opening till 31st December, 1913, are given in the subjoined table:—
    Downs Santorium.Northern Hospital Winchmore Hill.Total both sexes.
    Ordinary cases.Hospital cases.Ordinary cases.Hospital cases.
    Men.Women.Men.Women.
  • Page 77
    The sub-joined table shows the number of health visitors employed in the county from 1910 until the present time, and particulars as to women sanitary inspectors are also inserted for the purpose of comparison:—
    1910.1912.1914.
    Sanitary Inspector.Health Visitor.Performing Dual Duties.Sanitary Inspector.Health Visitor.Performing Dual Duties.Sanitary Inspector.Health Visitor.Performing Dual Duties.
  • Page 78
    The qualification of the London midwives is as follows:—
    Qualification of Midwife.Number not giving notice of intention to practise.Number giving notice of intention to practise.Total.
  • Page 81
    The following table shows the information obtained under (b) and (c):—
    Condition of child.Total cases.Period of gestation.
    Full term.8 months.7 months.6 months or less.Not stated
  • Page 81
    In the following table particulars are given with respect to these cases:—
    Confinement conducted byTotal number of inquests.Deaths of mothers.Deaths of infants.
  • Page 82
    The following table gives the results of these inquiries which relate to the 349 notified cases and 44 deaths of cases not notified in London:—
    Delivery conducted byCases.Deaths.
  • Page 82
    The cause of death as stated in the death certificates in the 139 fatal cases occurring in London is shown in the following table:—
    Cause of death.Notified cases.Unnotified cases.Total.
  • Page 83
    The age incidence of the 393 cases was as follows:—
    Total.15-2020-2525-3535-45Over 45
  • Page 83
    The following table shows the day of the puerperium on which (a) the rise of temperature (if noted) occurred, (b) medical aid was obtained, and (c) the death took place if the case were fatal.
    Day of confinement.2nd day.3rd day.4th day.5th day.6th day.7 th day.8th day.9th day.10th day.After 10th day.Not stated,Total.
  • Page 83
    The parity of women who contracted puerperal fever was ascertained from the midwife to be:—
    TotalPrimipara.2 para.3 para.4 para.5 para.6 para.7 para.8 para.9 para.10 para.Over 10 para.Not stated
  • Page 83
    The following conditions were noted among the cases of puerperal fever attended by midwives:—
    Recovery.Fatal.
  • Page 86
    The results obtained from the examination of samples in connection with statutes are sum marised in the following table:—
    Satisfactory.Unsatisfactory.Total.
  • Page 86
    (c) Stores supplied to the Council and its Committees:—
    Satisfactory.Unsatisfactory.Total.
  • Page 87
    Number of persons found homeless at night
    Date.Men.Women.Young Persons.Total.
  • Page 88
    Licensed Common Lodging Houses.
    Date.Authorised accommodation.Number of persons occupying beds.
    Men.Women.Couples.Total.Men.Women.Couples.Total.
  • Page 88
    Casual Wards.
    Date.Accommodation. Beds.How used. Persons.
    Men.Women.Women and children.Total.Men.Women.Children.Total.
  • Page 89
    The next table shows the common lodging-house and casual ward accommodation, the extent of its use, and the number of homeless persons in each year.
    Accommodation (beds).Persons.
    C.L.H.Cas. wards.Total.C.L.H. (Inmates.)Cas. wards. (Inmates.)Homeless.Total.*
  • Page 89
    Weather conditions and number of persons found on staircases and under arches.
    Year.Weather conditions.Males.Females.Total.
  • Page 91
    TABLE I. Number of Homeless Persons found in the streets and on staircases distributed according to Sanitary Areas.
    Sanitary area.Men.Women.Young persons.
  • Page 91
    TABLE II. Common Lodging Houses.
    Sanitary District.No. of Houses.Accommodation.Census on 14th February, 1913.No. of vacant beds on 14th February. 1914.
    Men.Women.Couples.Men.Women.Couples.Men.Women.Couples.
  • Page 92
    TABLE III. Number of permanently Free Beds in premises licensed as Common Lodging Houses on the night of 14th February, 1913. In other licensed Common Lodging Houses from 140 to 150 beds occupied on that night were paid for by charitable institutions, chiefly by the Church Army, the City Temple Mission, and the Willow-street Mission.
    Premises.Free beds.For labour.
    Men.Women.Children.Men.
  • Page 92
    TABLE IV. Number of persons in Shelters, etc., not licensed as Common Lodging Houses.
    Sanitary district.Free beds.For labour.
    Men.Women.Children.Men.
  • Page 93
    TABLE V. A table summarising the information contained in the second and third paragraphs of this report, and showing the total number of persons who might be regarded as homeless on the ground of being unable to pay for a bed.
    Description.•Men.Women.Young Persons.Total.
  • Page 94
    Number of persons found homeless at night.
    Date.Men.Women.Young Persons.Total.
  • Page 95
    Licensed Common Lodging Houses.
    Date.Authorised accommodationNumber of persons occupying beds.
    Men.Women.Couples.Total.Men.Women.Couples.Total.
  • Page 96
    Casual Wards.
    Date.Accommodation. Beds.How used. Persons.
    Men.Women.Women and children.Total.Men.Women.Children.Total.
  • Page 96
    The next table shows the common lodging-house and casual ward accommodation, the extent of its use, and the number of homeless persons in each year.
    Date.Accommodation (beds).Persons.
    C.L.H.Cas. wards.Total.C.L.H. (Inmates.)Cas. wards. (Inmates.)Homeless.Total.*
  • Page 96
    Weather conditions and number of persons found on staircases and under arches.
    Year.Weather conditions.Males.Females.Total.
  • Page 97
    TABLE I. Number of Homeless Persons found in the streets and on staircases distributed according to Sanitary Areas.
    Sanitary area.Men.Women.Young persons.
  • Page 98
    TABLE II. Common Lodging Houses.
    Sanitary Area.No. of Houses.Accommodation.Census on 24th October, 1913.No. of vacant beds on 24th October, 1913.
    Men.Women.Couplos.Men.Women.Couples.Men.Women.Couples.
  • Page 98
    TABLE III. Number of permanently Free Beds in premises licensed as Common Lodging Houses on the night of 24th October, 1913. In other licensed Common Lodging Houses 33 free beds were provided on that night.
    Premises.Free beds.For labour.
    Men.Women.Children.Men.
  • Page 99
    TABLE IV. Number of persons in Shelters, etc., not licensed as Common Lodging Houses.
    Sanitary district.Free beds.For labour.
    Men.Women.Children.Men.
  • Page 99
    TABLE V. A Table summarising the information contained in the second and third paragraphs of this report, and showing the total number of persons who might be regarded as homeless on the ground of being unable to pay for a bed.
    Description.Men.Women.Young Persons.Total.
  • Page 108
    The following table shows the ages of entrants examined during the year 1913.
    Age 2-3Age 3-4Age 4-5Age 5-6Age 6-7Age 7-8Total.
  • Page 109
    Figures showing the proportion of cases in which parents were present in the case of the examination of boys, girls and infants respectively, are given in the following table:—
    Children examined.Parents present.Percentage.
  • Page 109
    The percentages for the whole county were as follows:—
    Clothing and boots.Nutrition.Cleanliness of head.Cleanliness of body.Condition of teeth.
    1231234123123123
  • Page 110
    The classification as regards vision of the children of the two age-groups of which the eyesight was tested in London schools may be made as follows:—
    Class 1. 6/6 in both eyes.Class 2. 6/6 in either or both eyes.Class 3. 6/12 or worse in either or both eyes.Cases referred for treatment.
  • Page 111
    The following tables analyse the results obtained from the examination of 410 girls and 393 boys:—
    Age.Total.Vision.Visual acuity- Girls.
    6/18 & less6/126/66/6Other Cases.
  • Page 112
    Visual acuity Boys.
    Age.Total.Vision.
    6/18 and less.6/126/96/6Other Cases,
  • Page 113
    The following table shows the analysis of the vision of these 5,843 children, giving the number of cases of ( 6/6 or 6/9 ) 6/24 etc., in the left eye, where the right eye is ( 6/6 or 6/9 ), 6/18 , etc.
    Right EyeLeft Eye.
    6/6 or 6/96/6 or 6/96/126/186/276/366/60Worse than 6/60Total.
  • Page 113
    The child was referred for treatment to remedy the deficiency in vision.
    (1) Children wearing spectacles which it was considered could not be improved upon.(2) Children wearing unsuitable spectacles.
    Right Eye.Left Eye.Right Eye.Left Eye.
    6/66/96/12Worse than 6/12Total-6/66/96/12Worse than 6/12Total
  • Page 114
    If a comparison be made between children aged 12 wearing glasses deemed to be suitable, and all children of that age whether wearing spectacles or not, the following result is obtained :—
    No. of cases.Sight 6/6 in both eyes.Sight 6/9 in either or both eyes.Sight 6/12 or worse in either or both eyes.
  • Page 114
    In the schedule of the Board of Education the term "external eye disease includes blepharitis, conjunctivitis, diseases of cornea and lens, muscular defects (squints, nystagmus, twitchings), etc. During the year 1913, 4,038 cases of external eve disease wore found and noted for treatment, as shown in the following summary (details as to the cases in each borough will bo found in the Appendices III to V),
    No. of children examined.Cases of external eye disease.Cases of eye disease referred for treatment
  • Page 114
    Hampstead and Shoreditch, which taken together are fairly representative districts, and comprise about one-ninth of the London school children examined.
    Entrants.8-9Leavers.
    Boys.Girls.Boys.Girls.Boy 8.Girls.
  • Page 116
    The heights are in centimetres and the weights in kilograms.
    95.100 c.m.100.105 c.m.105.110 c.m.110.115 c.m.115.120 c.m.
    Ht.Wt.Ht.Wt.i Ht.Wt.| Ht.Wt.Ht.Wt.
  • Page 116
    Table showing average heights and weights of boys and girls in ordinary Elementary Schools and in special Schools for the Mentally Defective.
    Age 7¾Age 8.¼Age 8¾Age 11¼Age 11¾Age 12 ¼
    Ht.Wt.Ht.Wt.Ht.Wt.Ht.Wt.Ht.Wt.Ht.Wt.
  • Page 117
    The following table shows the average height and weight of children aged 5, 8, and 11¼ .12¼ years of age who have been noted as suffering from malnutrition compared with school children generally.
    Ago 5 Years.Ago 8 Years.Ago ll¼.12½. Years.
    Ht.Wt.I*Ht.Wt.I*Ht.Wt.I*
  • Page 117
    The following table relates to 145 children aged ll¼.12¼ who were reported by the school doctor as requiring special investigation as to nutrition, and shows the relationship of weights and heights among elementary school children (boys and girls) generally, and among these 145 children.
    Average Height.Average Weight.Average Height.AverageWeight.Average Height.Average Weight.Average Height.Average Weight.Average Height.Average Weight.Average Height.Average Weight.
    c.m.k.g.c.m.k.g.c.m.k.g.c.m.k.g.c.m.k.g.c.m.k.g.
  • Page 117
    the two detects are combined, a case of enlarged tonsils and adenoids being counted as one case m column 5.
    Cases of Enlarged Tonsils.Percentage of children examined.Adenoids.Percentage of children examined.Cases of Tonsils or Adenoids for treatmentPer cent. of cases examined.
  • Page 118
    the cases of defective hearing generally form only 2.8 per cent, of those examined, so that the result of the comparison is about the same, and is shown as follows:—
    Percentage with detective hearing of all children inspectedPercentage of children with defective hearing reported as suffering from Adenoid growths.
  • Page 118
    Included in the table is a column showing "other diseases of nose." as many of the cases in this category are cases of old adenoids—
    No. examinedCases of Enlarged tonsils,Cases of adenoids.Tonsils and adenoids for treatment.Other diseases of the nose.Other diseases of nose for treatment.
  • Page 119
    Entrants are not reported upon in regard to mental condition. Ihe following are the figures relating to the two age.groups :—
    Class 1.Class 2.Class 3.
    Normal.Dull or backward.Mentally defective.
  • Page 119
    Anaemia was noted in 6,076 instances (3.1 per cent, of the children examined) and the number of cases for treatment was 1,529 (0.8 per cent, of children examined).
    Heart Disease.Anaemia. •
    Cases reported.Cases for treatment.Cases reported. 0Cases for treatment.
  • Page 120
    Children tested with words only.
    Standard1234567Total.Per cent.
  • Page 120
    Children tested with, figures as well as words.
    Standard1234507Total.Per cent.
  • Page 121
    (I.) Children reported as having been brought under treatment—
    No.Percentage of the Whole.
  • Page 121
    The results of treatment in the 328 cases as found on primary re-inspection were as follows—
    No.Percentage of the Whole.
  • Page 121
    (II.) Children reported as not having received treatment—
    No.Percentage of the whole.
  • Page 122
    Tabular statement of replies to enquiries concerning 103 cases reported as not having received treatment.
    Reason why treatment was not obtained.Present position of cases. (2)
    Has now had treatment or is under treatment.Arrangements now made for treatment.Arrangements now in hand.Parents refuse treatment.Said to have recovered.Away illLeft— being traced.Left London.
    (1)Council's scheme.Other treatment.Council's scheme.Other arrangements.
  • Page 123
    The distribution was as follows:—
    Cases found.Percentage of hildren examined. eCases for treatment.Percentage of children examined.
  • Page 123
    On analysing these cases the following information is obtained:—
    Total.Entrants.Age 8.Leavers.
  • Page 127
    London children—which serves as a means of comparison in these cases—Dr. Leipoldt has taken a fairly large series of chest measurements, and averaged them as follows:—
    Height in centimetres.Expiration in centimetres.Inspiration.
  • Page 131
    The following table gives an analysis of the results of the enquiry:—
    Breast Fed.Bottle Fed.
    Age.Sex.No. of children.Percentage of total No.Percentage below average weightPercentage below average height.Percentage of total No.Percentage below average weight.Percentage below average height.
  • Page 132
    Inquiry into the hygienic condition of the sleeping apartments of 133 children moderately poor gave the following results:—
  • Page 132
    The figures worked out as follows the figures were taken from 52 children):—
    Number sleeping in a bed.Total increase in Height [ April—October.]Total increase in Weight [April— October.]
  • Page 133
    During the year 80,988 children were reported as having carious teeth, and 33,111 were recommended for treatment. The proportion in the various age-groups was as follows:—
    No. examined.Reported as having carious teeth.Recommended for treatment.
  • Page 133
    The special dental inspections made in 1913 in connection with the several treatment centres are detailed in the following table:—
    Centre.No. of children examined.No. of children found to require treatment.Percentage of cases requiring treatment.
  • Page 134
    The figures for 1913 are as follows:—
    No. examined.No. with Hutchinsonian Teeth.No. with Interstitial Keratitis.Other symptoms of Syphilis.Total. *
  • Page 134
    Children in Schools for the mentally defective .—During the year 1,009 boys and 700 girls were examined in these schools, the proportion in the age-groups being—
    Cases referred for treatment.
    No. exam'd.Total.Teeth.Vision or eye disease.Ear disease or hearing.Heart disease or anaemia.Nervous diseases.Skin diseases.Tuberculosis.
  • Page 134
    The following are the figures of children examined and the number referred for treatment for various causes.
    Schools for Blind.Schools for Deaf.
    No. examined.No. for treatment.Teeth.Nose and throat.Eyes.Ear disease.No. examined.No. for treatment.Teeth.Nose and throat.Eye disease.Ear defects.
  • Page 134
    The figures showing the number referred for treatment and the reasons for treatment were:—
    No. examined.No. for treatmentSkin diseaseTeeth.Eyes or vision.Far disease.HearingHeart disease.AnæmieLungs.PhthisisOther Tubercular diseaseDefermities.In fectious disease.Melou tritien.
  • Page 137
    The ages of the children ranged from 4 years up to 14 years, and are recorded as follows:—
    Sex percentage.
    Age.Percentage.Boys.Girls.
  • Page 138
    Comparison of the provision for treatment, including only the centres actually at work at the end of the years 1912 and 1913 respectively may be made as follows:—
    Ailments treatedNumbers under agreement, 1912.Numbers under agreement 1913.Increase + or decrease —
  • Page 144
    The total numbers under agreement differ somewhat from the numbers given earlier in this statement, inasmuch as they are based on the average numbers throughout the year instead of the actual numbers on the 31st December, 1913:—
    Ailments.Average numbers under agreements during 1913.Numbers treated under these arrangements, during 1913.
  • Page 145
    The results of dental treatment for the year 1913 are shown in the following table:—
    Centre.No. of children attended.No. of attendances.No. of teeth or rootsextracted.No. of stoppings.No. of other operations, e.g.; scaling, immediate regulation,application of Ag. NO3, etc.No. of general anaesthetics.
    TemporaryPermanentNitrous Oxide.Ethyl Chloride.Other general anaesthetics.
  • Page 148
    T he reinspection figures tor each successive term shew a steady increase in the proportion ot children taking advantage of the arrangements for treatment made by the Council with hospitals and treatment centres as indicated in the following table, giving, in the case of all defects treated, the percentage which obtained treatment through the Council's scheme:—
    Date of reinspection.Refractions.Minor ailments.Ear, nose and throat conditions.Dental cases.
  • Page 149
    The analysis of the ages of the children given in the following table shows that at each age more girls are absent than boys.
    Ages5678910111213
  • Page 150
    An analysis is given in the following table of the action taken in cases in which further following-up Was considered advisable.
    Division.Certificates.Children.Referred for examination, by divisional medical officer.Divisional medical officer informed.Referred to attendance officer for further enquiry.Referred for: examination for special school.Referred for examination by ophthalmologist.Registered epileptic.Referred to organiser of care committees.Referred to school nurse for report.
  • Page 150
    The results of the examination by the Council's own medical staff in 93 cases, as a result of which it was found that more than half were fit for school, are as follows :—
    Fit to return to SchoolUnfit to return to school.Attendance not to be pressed.Part-time attendance.Physically defective school.Further examination.
  • Page 150
    The cases were separated into three classes in regard to the condition of the homes, viz. " good" homes, "fair" or "doubtful" homes, and "poor" homes. The children were furthe r c lassified into three age groups, viz., infants, intermediate group (7 to 10 years), and older children (11 to 13 years):—
    Homes.Boys.Girls.
    Good.Fair.Poor.Good.Fair.Poor.
  • Page 154
    The following table analyses the various types of action according to the assessment of th e home conditions:—
    Good homes.Fair or Doubtful homes.Poor homes.
  • Page 154
    Result . —In the majority of cases re-inspections were held and the results are analysed below as "improved," "no improvement," or "worse." "Improvement" was held to have taken place if an appreciable increase of weight had occurred, "no improvement " if no appreciable increase had taken place, and the condition was considered 44 worse " if there had been loss of weight, however slight.
    Re-inspected.Improved.Not improved.Worse.
  • Page 154
    The figures are more significant if the total numbers are taken in each class. Thus:—
    Re-inspected.Improved.Not improved.Worse.
  • Page 160
    The increase in height, weight and chest expansion is shown in the following table, the average gain for all the boys being 1 . 97 centimetres, 1 . 66 kilograms, and 2 . 7 centimetres respectively.
    Initials.Age. Yrs.Weight in Kilograms.Height in Centimetres.Chest expansion in Centimetres.Pulse rate per minute.
    May.Dec.Gain.May.Dec.Gain.May.Dec.Gain.May.Dec.
  • Page 162
    The weight, height, and chest measurements are as follows:—
    Year.July 26th, 1913.January 21st,1914. %
    Weight. Kilogrs.Height. Cms.Chest in inches.Weight. Kilogrs.Height. Cms.Chest in inches.
    Expiration.Inspiration.Expiration.Inspiration.
  • Page 163
    Continued from previous page...
    Year.July 26th, 1913.January 21st,1914. %
    Weight. Kilogrs.Height. Cms.Chest in inches.Weight. Kilogrs.Height. Cms.Chest in inches.
    Expiration.Inspiration.Expiration.Inspiration.
  • Page 163
    To obtain some idea of the relative improvement effected in this class the above figures for the chest expansion were compared with those of a similar number of children of like age from other classes who have drill three days a week. The results were as follows:—
    Special class (July)Special class (Jan.)Ordinary class (Jan.)
  • Page 165
    The average increase in chest expansion was 1.3 cms. This figure seems very small, but it must be remembered that the class consisted of some of the poorest children in London, badly nourished and badly clothed. Mouth breathing was improved. Deep sub-clavicular fossae practically filled up at the end of the class. The weights were as follows. The average gain was 1 . 9 kilograms.
    Age.Initial.Weight (Kilograms).Chest (Centimetres)Expansion. (Centimetres).Pulse rate.School Meals
    May.Dec.May.Dec. *May.Dec.May.Dec.
  • Page 169
    The table below, which shows the average weights in kilograms at the commencement of the year compared with the corresponding averages of all London elementary school children, is an indication of the poor physique of the scholars selected.
    Boys.Girls.
    Age last birthday. (1)No. of children. (2)Average weight on admission. (3)Average weight of all L.C.C. school boys. (4)Age last birthday. (5)No. of children. (6)Average weight on admission. (7)Average weight of all L.C.C. school girls. (8)
  • Page 169
    Table showing the average gain in weight fin kilograms) in each age group during the year, compared with the corresponding averages of all London elementary school children. It may be recalled that the increase has occurred in children who had previously not been making the standard gain.
    Boys.Girls.
    Age last birthday. (1)No. of children. (2) iAverage gain in the year. (3)Average gain in standard boys. (4)Age last birthday. (5)No. of children. (6)Average gain in the year. (7)Average gain in standard girls. (8)
  • Page 170
    Table showing the average weekly gain in weight (in kilograms) at various ages, compared with the corresponding average weekly gain of all London elementary school children: —
    Boys. ft •Girls.
    Age last birthday. (1)No. of children. (2)Average weekly gain. (3)Average weekly gain in standard boys. (4)Age last birthday. (5)No. of children. (6)Average weekly gain. (7)Average weekly gain in standard girls. (8)
  • Page 170
    Table showing the weekly increase in weight expressed as percentage of body weight on admission, compared with the corresponding percentage increases in all London elementary school children:—
    Boys.Girls.
    Age last birthday. (1)Birley House, 1913-14. (2)Birley House. 1912. (3)London elementary schools, 1906. (4)Age last birthday. (5)Birley House, 1913-14. (6)Birley House. 1912. (7)London elementary schools, 1906. (8)
  • Page 170
    The hæmoglobin content of the blood was estimated (by Tallquist's scale) three times during the year and the improvement noted can be taken as an indication of the quality of the increased body weight. Expressing the normal as 100, the averages at certain intervals were—
    Boys.Girls.
  • Page 170
    The following shows the estimated changes in haemoglobin content in 42 weeks:—
    Boys.Girls.
  • Page 172
    The average attendance was about 101. The weather conditions were, on the whole, favourable; the following table gives some information on this point, and likewise where the day's rest was taken—wood, field, or bungalow.
    Month.Weather.Where rest was taken.Remarke.
    Fine for the time of year. No. of days.Medium. No. of days.Wet. No. of days.Cold for the time of year. No.of days.Fog. No. of days.In Wood. No. of days.In Field. No. of days.In Bungalow. No. of days.
    (1(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)10
  • Page 172
    The following table gives, for each sex and age, the average weight, height, percentage haemoglobin and chest measurements on inspiration in April, 1913, and January, 1914.
    Age.Average weight.Average height.Average Haemoglobin test.Average chest measurements at inspiration.
    April, 1913. kilograms.January, 1914. kilograms.April, 1913. c.m.January. 1914. c.m.April, 1913.January, 1914.April, 1913. c.m.January, 1914. c.m.
    (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)
  • Page 173
    The following tables show that the chief increase took place in the autumn months, while in summer there was on the average little increase—even a decrease.
    Year of Birth.Average Weights in Kilograms.
    Boys.Girls.
    1st week.25th week.45th week.50th week.Increase during whole period.1st week.25th week.45th week.50th week.Increase during whole period.
    (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)
  • Page 184
    The following table shows the results of the examinations in those schools where the cleansing scheme as applied to heads has been put into operation during the year:—
    DepartmentNumber ExaminedNumber CleanNumber slightly dirty headsNumber verminousNumber Yellow Cards servedNumber White Cards servedNumber Red Cards servedNumber Proposed for ExclusionNumber Excluded for Prosecution
    (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)
  • Page 185
    The following table shows the number of cleansings (not children cleansed) carried out at each station:—
  • Page 186
    The following table compares the work done in the year under review with that for the year 1912:—
    Number examined.Number clean.Number verminous.Number returned clean.Number of statutory notices served.Number cleansed at stations.
    (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)
  • Page 187
    The following table shows the conditions found during the year:—
    Examination, 1913.Number of pupils.Number found verminousPercentage
    Boys.Girls.Boys.Girls.Boys.Girls.
    (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)
  • Page 188
    Seven candidates (2 males and 5 females) were rejected for the reasons set out below:—
    Status.No. rejected.Reason of rejection.
    Vision.Chest.General healthUnder standard chest measurement
    M.F.M.F.M.,M.F.M.F.
  • Page 189
    The. following table shows the nature of the defects of 8 girls who were rejected—
    Award.No. rejected.Reason of rejection.
    Want of cleanliness.Vision.Throat.General health.
  • Page 189
    An analysis of these numbers is given in the following table—
    Scholarship.Number referred a second time.Reason for rejection.
    Want of cleanliness.Vision.Throat.Teeth.Ears.
    M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.
  • Page 190
    Some of the scholars were referred again for more than one defect. 23 candidates (7 boys, 16 girls) were rejected for reasons set out below—
    ScholarshipNo. rejected.Reason of rejection.
    Want of cleanliness.Heart.Vision.Chest.Sundry defects.
    (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)
    M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F
  • Page 190
    The defects are indicated in the following table—
    Scholarship.Number referred a second timeReferred for
    Want of cleanliness.Vision.Throat.Teeth.Ears.
    (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)
  • Page 190
    25 girls were rejected for reasons set out below. Some of the candidates were rejected for more than one defect—
    Scholarship.Number, rejected.Reason of rejection.
    Want of cleanliness.Heart.Teeth.Vision.Throat.Sundry defects.
    (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)
    M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.F.F.M.F.
  • Page 191
    Of the 397 candidates who were referred, 25 (5 boys, 20 girls) were referred more than once for reasons indicated below—
    Awards :Number referred a second time.Referred for
    Want of cleanliness.TeethVisionHeartAnæmiaHernia.
    (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)
    M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.
  • Page 191
    One of the candidates was referred again for two defects. 33 candidates (3 boys, 30 girls) were rejected for the reasons given in the subjoined table—
    Awards.Number rejected.Reason of rejection.
    Want of cleanliness.Hearing.Vision.Heart.Sundry defects.
    (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7).
    M.F.M.FM.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.
  • Page 192
    In onlv two cases was the decrease in weight accompanied by any symptoms of ill health.
    Year of entrance.Increased both years.Increased first year only.Increased second year only.Increased first year, decreased second year.Decreased first year, increased second year.Decreased first year only.Decreased both years.Unchanged during two years.
    (l)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)
    Per cent.Per cent.Per cent.Per cent.Per cent.Per cent.Per cent.Per cent.
  • Page 196
    Annual Report of the London County Council , 1913.
    Disease.Total numbers notified.Weekly mean.
    Year.All ages.Elementary school children.All ages.L.C.C. school children.
  • Page 197
    The disease soon made its appearance in the girls department, and the figures for this department are as follows:—
    September.October.November.December.
  • Page 198
    The number of cultures examined in connection with residential industrial schools and places of detention are also shown. A few "swabs" have been taken at the head office for various purposes, and these are shown under "Miscellaneous."
    E. & N.E. Division.W. &N.W. Division.S.E. Division.S.W. Division.Residential institutions.Miscellaneous.Total.
  • Page 200
    The subjoined table shows the number of cases reported in each of the experimental areas and the number of occasions on which action was taken. The object of presenting the table is threefold, viz., to show:
  • Page 201
    These results are shown in the table below ana compared with a control area comprising five contiguous districts:—
    Areas.No. of occasions on which action was taken.No. of occasions first crop caught.No. of occasions first crop missed.No. of occasions when no secondary cases occurred in class.
  • Page 201
    If preventive measures are to be effective information must be obtained within 9 days from the date on which the case ot measles was last in attendance at school ; the subjoined table shows the periods which elapsed after the last attendance at school before information of the cases, notified in the experimental area, was received.
    No of days.Attendance officers.Head Teachers.
  • Page 202
    Number of cases reported quarterly.
    Whooping cough.Measles.
  • Page 203
    The numbers of schools and departments under special observation during the year for diphtheria scarlet fever and measles are shown in the following table:—
    Disease.Departments.Total numbers of departments.Total numbers of schools.
    Boys.Girls.Mixed.Infants.Special.
  • Page 203
    The subjoined table shows the number of closures of departments or classrooms and special exclusions of groups of children which were resorted to during the year for the purpose of preventing the spread of infection.
    Number of occasions on which exclusions or closures were carried out.
    Scarlet fever.Measles.Whooping cough.Co-existence of diphtheria, scarlet fever and measles.Co-existence of measles and whooping cough.
  • Page 204
    Annual Report of the London County Council, 1913.
    Institution.Accommodation.AgeScarlet Fever.Measles.Mumps.Chickenpox.Ringworm.Scabies.Impetigo.Infective Conjunctivitis.Trachoma.
  • Page 205
    The number of cases of infectious disease occurring in the institutions or detected upon admission are given in the subjoined table.:—
    Institution.Accommodation.Age.Diseases.
    Diphtheria.Scarlet fever.Measles,Whooping cough.Mumps.Chicken-pox.Ringworm.Scabies.Impetigo.Infective Conjunctivitis.
  • Page 205
    It should be noted that at the end of 1912 there were 2,204 children known to be suffering from ringworm.
    Terms.New Cases reported.Cured cases.Suffering cases at end of term.
    No.Treatment by which cures effected.No.Treatment being obtained.
  • Page 206
    Annual Report of the London County Council , 1913.
    Year.Specimens submitted.. Ringworm found.Favus found.Fungus not found.Insufficient material.
  • Page 206
    In Mav. 1908. an X-ray annaratus was installed, and thenceforward the cases were cured with comparative rapidity, as is shown in the subjoined table.
    Quarter ending.Number admitted.Number left cured.Left for other reason.Returned to ordinary school cured.
  • Page 207
    At the end of 1913 28 children were known to be suffering from favus. The duration of the disease in each of the cured cases mentioned in the above table is set out below:—
    Months.
    1-22-33-44-55-66-77-88-99-1010-1111-1212-1313-1414-1515-1617-1831-36-
  • Page 208
    The following table compares the results of the examinations with those for the previous year:—
    Sex.M.D.M.D. and P.D.P.D.Blind.Blind and M.D.Myope.Deaf.Deaf and M.D.Partially deaf.Industrial Schools.Elemental) Schools.Imbecile.Invalids.Epileptics.Total.
    (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)1 (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(16)(16)
  • Page 208
    The following table compares the recommendations made as regards re-classification in the case oi scholars attending the schools for the mentally and physically defective, with the recommendations for the previous year (1912).
    Sex.Elementary school.Blind and Myope.Deaf and partially deaf.P.D. to M.D.M.D. to P.D.Ex- eluded as Imb.Invalid.Exemption recommended.Not suitable for.Suitable for
    Elder boys.Elder girls.Elder boys.Elder cirls.
    (i)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)o (11)(12)(13)
  • Page 209
    Walking and Speech. —This was fully investigated in 1912, and the few additional observations tabulated have not materially affected the results.
    Age.Percentage who were said to walk.Percentage who were said to talk.
  • Page 210
    The proportions among children of the age group 11-12 reported during the spring of 1913 were:—
    Special (M.D.) schools.Ordinary elementary schools.
  • Page 211
    Head Dimensions. —The average maximum horizontal circumference in millimetres from 500 cases was found to be:—
    Age.Circumference in millimetres.Age.Circumference in millimetres.Age.Circumference in millimetres.
  • Page 212
    Finally a problem question such as, "What would you do if it was raining when you start to come to school?" The following results were obtained:—
    Number succeeding.
    Age last birthday9101112131415
  • Page 212
    The results obtained were:—
    Age last birthday9101112131415
  • Page 215
    The actual changes in the percentage distribution in the years 1907, 1908, and 1912, during which the medical details were collected on a uniform basis, were as follows—
    Defect.1907Percentage. 19081912
  • Page 217
    The total number of blind and partially blind children included this enquiry is 1,100. The causes responsible for their state of blindness are as follows:—
    Cause of blindness.Number of cases.Gonorrhœa.Syphilis certain.Syphilis probable.
  • Page 218
    In each of these families one or more of the children presented definite signs of inherited syphilis.
    Pregnancies for each mother. (1)Families. (2)"Healthy" children. (3)Miscarriages. (4)Stillborn. (5)Infant-deaths. (6)Diseased. (7)
  • Page 218
    The following return may, therefore, be taken as a fair average return of family history of the poorest section of the London community.
    Number of pregnanceis for each mother. (1)Families. (2)Healthy children. (3)Miscarriages. (4)Stillborn. (5)Infant deaths. (6)
  • Page 218
    The outcome of the pregnancies in the two classes of cases can be best compared by the rate per thousand births as follows;—
    "Healthy" children. (1)Miscarriages. (2)Stillborn. (3)Infant deaths. (4)Diseased. (5)
  • Page 220
    On the third occasion, the children numbered 1,100, and they represent all seen prior to and including 1913.
    Year of investigation. (1)Total seen. (2)Ophthalmia neonatorum. (3)Congenital syphilis. (4)
  • Page 221
    The two children born of his second wife are healthy. The following table shows the actual number of pregnancies, of living, dead, and deaf and blind children in these 12 families.
    No.Pregnancies.Living.Dead.Deaf and blind.
  • Page 231
    The following table shows the quantity of crude sewage treated, chemicals used in precipitation, and sludge sent to sea, with the quantity of refuse intercepted at the gratings at the outfall works at Barking and Crossness respectively during the year 1913:—
    Barking. gallons.Crossness. gallons.Total. gallons.
  • Page 234
    Section 69 of the Metropolis Management Act, 1855, provides that no new local sewer shall be made without the previous approval of the Council and, during the year, sanction was given for the construction of local sewers as shown in the subjoined table.
    Size.North of Thames. feet.South of Thames. feet.Total length. feet.
  • Page 239
    Particulars of the proposed cottages and of the rents at which they can be let are as follows :—
    Number of cottages.Particulars of accommodation.Rents.
  • Page 242
    The total expenditure on dwellings was £150,<390.
    1912-13.Per cent, of gross rental.1913-14.Per cent, of gross rental.
  • Page 243
    The total expenditure on dwellings was £50,181.
    1912-13. £Per cent, of gross rentalWorking Expenses—1913-14. £Per cent, of gross rental.Expenditure.
  • Page -
    APPENDIX I.
    Number of children examined.Condition of clothing and foot.gear.Condition as regards nutrition.Cleanliness of head.Cleanliness of body.Condition of teeth.
    1231234123123
    123
  • Page -
    appendix 1 .(Contd.) Classification of children as to condition of clothing, nutrition, cleanliness and teeth. Percentage of children in each class.
    Number of children examined.Condition of clothing and foot gear.Condition as regards nutrition.Cleanliness of head.Cleanliness of body.Condition of teeth.
    1231234123123| 123
  • Page -
    APPENDIX I . (Contd.) Classification of children as to condition of clothing, nutrition, cleanliness and teeth. Percentage of children in each class.
    Number of children examined.Condition of clothing and foot.gear.Condition as regards nutrition.Cleanliness of head.Cleanliness of body.Condition of teeth.
    123123412323123
  • Page -
    APPENDIX I. — ( Contd. ) Table showing the number and percentage of children referred for treatment in each age group and in the three age groups taken together and the number and percentage of cases where the parent was present at the inspection.
    Entrants.Children aged 8. |Children aged 12.Total.
    Number examined.Children referred for treatment.Per cent.Parents present.Per cent.Number ex. amined.Children referred for treatment.Per cent.Parents present.Per cent.N umber examined.Children referred for treatment.Per cent.Parents present.Per cent.Cases referred for treatment.Per cent.
  • Page -
    APPENDIX II. SUMMARY OF MEDICAL INSPECTION. F-Denotes Defects found, (x)-Signifies Cases referred for treatment.
    Number of children examined.Clothing and footgear.Nutrition.Cleanliness and condition of skin.Skin.Teeth.Nose and throat.Eyes.Ears.Speech.Mental Condition.Heart.Lung defects.Diseases of Nervous system.Tuberculosis.Rickets.Deformities.Infectious diseases.Malnutrition.Glands (other than throat)Other defects.Cards Issued.Parents Present.
    Head.Body. 'Enlarged Tonsils.Adenoids.Tonsils or Adenoids.Other defects.Glands,Eye disease.Vision.Disease.Hearing.Stammering.Other defects.Heart disease.Anæmia.Phthisis.Other forms.
    1.2.3.Defects.
    1.2.i 3.1.2.3.4.1231,2.3.Defect.Disease,(x)f.(x)f.f.(x)f.(X)f.(x)f.(x)1,2,3.(x)f.(X)f.(X)f.(X)f.(X)1.2.3.4.M.D.f.(X)F.(x)F.(X)F.(x)F.(X)F.(x)F.(x)F.(x)F.(X)F.(x)f.(x)f.(x)■
  • Page -
    SUMMARY OF MEDICAL INSPECTION. AGE GROUP-ENTRANTS-BOYS. F- Indicates that a defect is found and (x) denotes cases referred for treatment.
    Borough.Number of children examined.Clothing and footgear.Nutrition. .Cleanliness and condition of skin.Skin.Teeth.Enlarged tonsilsAdenoids.Nose and throat.Eye disease.Ears.Speech.Heart.Lung dcfects.Disease of nervous system.Tuberculosis.Rickets. ---Deformities.. Infectious diseases.Malnutrition.Glands (other than throat).Other defects.Cards issued.Parents present.
    Defects.Tonsils or adenoids.Other.Glands.Disease.Hearing.Stammering.Other.Heart.Anaemia.Phthisis.Other forms.
    Head.Body.
    1.2.3.1.2.3.4.1.2.1 3.1.2.3.Def.Dis.(x)1.23.f.(x)f.F.(x)f.(x)f.(x)f.(x)f.(x)f.(x)f.(x)f.(x)f.(x)f.(x)f.(x)f.(x)f. ((x)f.(x)f.(x)f.(x)f.(x)f.(x)f.(x)f.(x)
  • Page -
    AGE GROUP—ENTRANTS GIRLS.
  • Page -
    appendix iv. summary of medical inspection. AG E GROUP .- 1905. - BOYS. f. = D efects found and (x)= D efects referred for treatment.
    Borough.Number of children examined.Clothing and footgear.Nutrition.Cleanliness and condition of skin.Skin.Teeth.Nose and throat.Eyes.Ears.Speech.Mental condition.Heart.Lung defects.Diseases of nervous system.Tuberculosis.Rickets.Deformities.Infectious diseases.Malnutrition.Glands, (other than throat).Other defects.Cards Issued.Parents present.
    Enlarged Tonsils.Adenoids.Tonsils or Adenoids.Other defects.Glands.
    Head.Body.12.3Defects.Eye diseases.Vision.Disease.Heauing.Stammering.Other.Heart defects.Anfemia.PhthisisOther forms.
    1.2.31.2.3.4.1.2.3.1.2.3.Defect.Disease.(X)F.(x)FF.(x)F.(x)F.(X)F.(x)1.2.3.(x)F.(x)F.(x)F.(X)F.(x)1.2.3.4.M.D.F.(x)F.(x)F.(X)F.(X)F.(x)F.(X)F.(X)F.(x)F.(x)F.(x)F.(x)F.(x)[
  • Page -
    AGE GROUP.—1905.—GIRLS.
    Borough.Number of children examined.Clothing and footgear.Nutrition.Cleanliness and condition of skin.Skin.Teeth.Nose and throat.Eyes.Ears.Speech.Mental condition.Heart.Lung defects.Diseases of nervous system.Tuberculosis.Rickets.Deformities.Infectious diseases.Malnutrition.Glands, (other than throat).Other defects.Cards Issued.Parents present.
    Enlarged Tonsils.Adenoids.Tonsils or Adenoids.Other defects.Glands.
    Head.Body.12.3Defects.Eye diseases.Vision.Disease.Heauing.Stammering.Other.Heart defects.Anfemia.PhthisisOther forms.
    1.2.31.2.3.4.1.2.3.1.2.3.Defect.Disease.(X)F.(x)FF.(x)F.(x)F.(X)F.(x)1.2.3.(x)F.(x)F.(x)F.(X)F.(x)1.2.3.4.M.D.F.(x)F.(x)F.(X)F.(X)F.(x)F.(X)F.(X)F.(x)F.(x)F.(x)F.(x)F.(x)
  • Page -
    APPENDIX V. SUMMARY OP MEDICAL INSPECTION.
    Borough.Number of children examined.Clothing and footgear.Nutrition.Cleanliness and condition of skin.Skin.Teeth.Nose and throat.Eyes.Ears.Speech.Mental condition.Circulation.Lung defects.Diseases of Nervous system.Tuberculosis.Rickets.Deformities.Infectious diseases.Malnutrition.Glands (other than throat).Other defects.Cards issued.Parents Present.
    Enlarged tonsils.Adenoids.Tonsils and adenoids.Other defects.Glands.
    Head.Body.1.2.3.Defects.Eye diseases.Vision.Disease.Hearing.Stammering.OtherHeart defects.Anæmia.Phthisis.Other forms.
    1.2.3.1.2.3.4.1.2.3.1.2.3.Defect.Disease.(x)F.(x)F.F.(x)F.(x)F.(x)F.(x)1.2.3.(x)F.(X)F.(x)F.(X)F.(x)1.2.3.4.Mentally deficient.F.(X)F.(X)F.(x)F.(X)F.(x)F.(x)F.(x)F.(X)F.(x)F.(x)F.(x)F.(x)
  • Page -
    APPENDIX VI. Statement showing the various hospitals and centres included in the Council's scheme, and the annual provision made as from the 1st January, 1914, for the treatment of the specified ailments.
    Hospital or centre.Eyes.Ear, Nose and Throat.Ringworm.Minor Ailments.Teeth.Total No. provided for in agreements.
  • Page -
    APPENDIX VII. RETURN SHOWING THE RESULTS OF FIRST RE-INSPECTIONS OF CHILDREN DURING THE YEAR, 1913.
    Defects found requiring treatment.Number of defects under revision (outstanding from first re-inspection)Form of treatment in cases in which treatment was obtained.Total numbers treated.No treatment received
    By private doctor or dentist.Under Council's scheme.At other hospitals or institutions.
    Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatment.Discontinued treatment before remedied, or from other causes uncured.Total.Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatment.Discontinued treatment before remedied, or from other causes uncured.Total.Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatment.Discontinued treatment before remedied, or from other causes uncured.Total.# Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatment.Discontinued treatment before remedied, or from other causes uncuredTotal.Condition irremediable or treatment no longer considered necessary.Still requires treatment.
    (1)(2)(3)(1)(2)(3)(1)(2)(3)(1)(2)(3)
  • Page -
    APPENDIX VIII. Return showing under the various county electoral areas the results of first re-inspections held during the year, 1913, so far as these relate to defects dealt with under the Council's scheme, viz.:—eyes, ears, nose and throat ailments, and cases suitable for nursing treatment.
    COUNTY ELECTORAL AREA.Number of defects under review.Form of treatment in cases in which treatment was obtained.Total number treated.No treatment received.Percentage of defects treated. *
    By private doctor or dentist.Under Council's scheme.At other hospitals or institutions.
    Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatment.Discontinued treatment before remedied, or from other causes uncured.Total.Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatment.• Discontinued treatment before remedied, or from other causes uncured.Total.Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatment.Discontinued treatment before remedied,or from other causes uncured.Total.Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatment.Discontinued treatment before remedied, or from other causes uncured.Total.Condition irremediable, or treatment no longer considered necessary.Still requiring treatment.
    123123123123
  • Page -
    APPENDIX VIII.-(Contd.) Return showing under the various county electoral areas the results of first re-inspections held during the year, 1913, so far as these relate to defects dealt with under the Council's scheme, viz.:—eyes, ears, nose and throat ailments, and cases suitable for nursing treatment.
    COUNTY ELECTORAL AREA.Number of defects under review.Form of treatment in cases in which treatment was obtained.Total number treated.No treatment received.Percentage of defects treated. *
    y private doctor or dentist.Under Council's scheme.At other hospitals or institutions.
    Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatment.Discontinued treatment before remedied, or from other causes uncured.Total.Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatment.Discontinued treatment before remedied, or from other causes uncured.Total.Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatment.Discontinued treatment before remedied,or from other causes uncured.Total.Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatment.Discontinued treatment before remedied, or from other causes uncured.Total.Condition irremediable, or treatment no longer considered necessary.Still requiring treatment.
    123123123123
  • Page -
    APPENDIX IX. RETURN SHOWING THE RESULTS OF SECOND RE-INSPECTIONS OF CHILDREN DURING THE YEAR, 1913.
    Defects found requiring treatment.Number of defects under revision (outstanding from first re-inspection),Form of treatment in cases in which treatment was obtained.Total numbers treated.No treatmen received
    By private doctor or dentist.Under Council's scheme.At other hospitals or institutions.
    Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatment.Discontinued treatment before remedied, or from other causes uncured.Total.Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatment.Discontinued treatment before remedied, or from other causes uncured.Total.Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatment.Discontinued treatment before remedied, or from other causes uncured.Total.Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatment.Discontinued treatment before remedied, or from other causes uncuredTotal.Condition irremediable or treatment no longer considered necessary.Still requires treatment
    (1)(2)(3)(1)(2)(3)(1)(2)(3)(1)(2)(3)
  • Page -
    APPENDIX X. Return showing under the various county electoral areas the results of second re-inspections held during the year 1913, so far as these relate to defects dealt with under the Council's scheme, viz.:—eyes, ears, nose and throat ailments, and cases suitable for nursing treatment.
    COUNTY ELECTORAL AREA.Number of defects under revision (outstanding from first re-inspection).Form of treatment in cases in which treatment was obtained.Total number treated.lio treatment received.Percentage of defects treated. *
    By private doctor or dentist.Under Council's scheme.At other hospitals or institutions.
    Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatment.Discontinued treatment before remedied, or from other causes uncured.Total.Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatment.Discontinued treatment before remedied, or from other causes uncured.Total.Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatment.Discontinued treatment before remedied,or from other causes uncured.Total.Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatment.Discontinued treatment before remedied, or from other causes uncured.Total.Condition irremediable, or treatment no longer considered necessary.Still requiring treatment.
    123123| 123123
  • Page -
    Continued from previous page...
  • Page -
    APPENDIX XI. Return showing the final position of 46,365 defects, in respect of which first re-inspections were held in the year ended summer holidays 1913, and second re-inspections (where necessary) were held in year ended Christmas, 1913. (†)
    Defects found requiring treatment.Number of defects under revision.Defects found to have been treated.No treatment received.
    Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatment.Discontinued treatment before remedied or from other causes uncured.Total.Conditions irremediable or treatment no longer considered necessary.Still requiring treatment.
  • Page -
    APPENDIX XII. Return showing under the various county electoral areas, the final position of 24,662 "Council Scheme" defects (i.e., eye, ear, nose and throat ailments and cases suitable for nursing treatment) in respect of which first re-inspections were held in the year ended Summer Holidays, 1913, and second re-inspections (where necessary) were held in year ended Christmas, 1913.
    County electoral area.Number of defects under review.Defects found to have been treated.No treatment received.Percentage of defects treated. *
    Completed and satisfactory.Still under treatmentDiscontinued treatment before remedied or from other causes uncurea.Total.Condition irremediable or treatment no longer considered necessary.Still requiring treatment
  • Page -
    APPENDIX XIII. Return showing in percentages the results of first re-inspections for the four terms for which figures are available.
    Defects.Term.Number of defects under review.Form of treatment in cases in which treatment was obtained.Total treated.Untreated, but no longer requiring treatmentUntreated and still requiring treatment
    By private doctor.Under Council's scheme.At other hospitals.
  • Page -
    APPENDIX XIV. Return showing in percentages the results of second re-inspections for the three terms of the year 1913.
    Defects.Term.Number of defects under review (outstanding from first re-inspection).Form of treatment in cases in which treatment was obtained.Total treated.Untreated, but no longer requiring treatmentUntreated and still requiring treatment
    By private doctor.Under Council's scheme.At other hospitals.
  • Page -
    APPENDIX XV. Return showing in percentages the final positions of 46,365 defects, in respect of which first re-inspections were held in the year ended Summer Holidays, 1913; and second re-inspections (where necessary) were held in the year ended Christmas, 1913.
    Defects.Term in which second re-inspection took place.Number of defects under review.Percentage treated.Percentage untreated but no longer requiring treatment.Percentage untreated and still requiring treatment.
  • Page -
    APPENDIX XVI. NUMBER OF CANDIDATES EXAMINED FOR THE PERMANENT SERVICE AND THE CONDITIONS FOUND.
    Status.No. Examined.No. of Examinations.No. Fit.Vaccination.Referred back.Rejected.With- drawnprior to re-examination or not yet reported.
    Not vaccinated.No marks.Want of cleanliness.Throat.Teeth.Vision.Heart.Vaccination.Sundry.For one defect.For two or more defects.Total.
    123456789101112131415161718
  • Page -
    APPENDIX XVII SCHOLARSHIP CANDIDATES EXAMINED AND THE CONDITIONS FOUND.
    Scholarships.Number examined.Number of examinations.Fit.Vaccination.Referred back.Rejected.Withdrawn prior to re-examination or not yet reported.
    Not vaccinated.No marks.Want of cleanliness.Throat.Teeth.Vision.Heart.Sundry defects.For one defect.For two or more defects.Total.
    l2345678910l1121314151617
  • Page -
    APPENDIX XVIII. CANDIDATES EXAMINED FOR THE TEACHING PROFESSION AND THE CONDITIONS FOUND.
    Awards,N umber examined.Number of examinations.Fit.Vaccination.Referred back.Rejected.Withdrawn prior to re-examination or not yet reported.
    Not vaccinated.No. marks.Want of cleanliness.Teeth.Vision.Heart.Vaccination.Sundry defects.For one defect.For two or more defects.Total.
    1234567891011121314151617
    M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.
  • Page -
    APPENDIX XIX. A. SCHOLARS—DEFECTS NOTED ON MEDICAL EXAMINATION.
    Institutions.No. examined.Defects.
    Teeth.Vision.Throat and Nose.Ears.Heart.Lungs.Anæmia.Back.Nutrition.Various.
    DefectiveSigns of Eye Strain.Hearing.Discharge.Round.Curvature.
    (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)
  • Page -
    B. SCHOLARS—DEFECTS REMEDIED.
    Institutions.Defeots.
    Teeth.Vision.Ears.Throat and Nose.Anaemia.Various.
  • Page -
    APPENDIX XX. Table showing proceedings of London sanitary authorities under the factory and workshop act, 1901.
    Premises, Particulars, Class, &c.City of LondonBattersea.Bermondsey.Bethnal Green.Camberwell.Chelsea.Deptford.Finsbury.FulhannGreenwich.Hackney.Hammersmith.Hampstead.Holborn.Islington.Kensington.Lambeth.Lewisham.Paddington.Poplar.St. Marylebone.St. Panoras.Shoreditch.Southwark.Stepney.Stoke Newington.Wandsworth.City of Westminster.Woolwich.
  • Page -
    APPENDIX XXI. WORKING CLASS DWELLINGS ACCOUNTS YEAR ENDED 31st MARCH, 1914. A —HOUSING OF THE WORKING __CLASSES ACT, 1890
    Dr.Cr.
    EXPENDITURE.INCOME.
    1.-REVENUE ACCOUNT.
    PART 1.PART 1.
    Working Expenses andDebt Charges (Details on pages xlvii. and xlviii.)—£s.d.Income (Details on page xlvii.)£sd.
  • Page -
    A-HOUSEING OF THE WORKING CLASSES ACT, 1890- continued
    Dr.Cr.
    EXPENDITURE.INCOME.
    1-REVENUE ACCOUNT—continued.
    PART III—continued.PART III,—continued.
    (b) Estates in Course of Development.(b) Estates in Course op Development.
    Expenses and Debt Charges (Details on pages xlvii. and xlviii.)—£s.d.Income (Details on page xlvii.)—£s.d.£s.d.
  • Page -
    A.—HOUSING OF THE WORKING CLASSES ACT. 1890— continued .
    Dr.Cr.
    EXPENDITURE.INCOME.
    IV-CAPITAL ACCOUNT
    PART IPART I
    Erection of Dwellings—£s.d.£s.d.
  • Page -
    A.- HOUSING OF THE WORKING CLASSES ACT, 1890
    Dr.Cr.
    EXPENDITURE.INCOME.
    VI—LOAN ACCOUNT.
    (A) CONSOLIDATED STOCK.
    £s.d.£s.d.
  • Page -
    A. HOUSING 0F THE WORKING CLASSES ACT, 1890-contiued.
    Cr.Cr.
    IX-BALANCE SHEET 31st MARCH, 1914.
    Liabilities.£s.d.£s.d.Assets and Capital Outlay.£s.d.
  • Page -
    B.—DWELLINGS UNDER IMPROVEMENT ACTS. Note .— For statutes under which these dwellings have been erected, see Appendix XXII., page Ix.
    Cr.Cr.
    EXPENDITURE.INCOME.
  • Page -
    B—DWELLINGS UNDER IMPROVEMENT ACTS- continued
    Cr.Cr.
    EXPENDITURE.INCOME.
  • Page -
    B—DWELLINGS UNDER IMPROVEMENT ACTS-continued.
    Cr.Cr.
  • Page -
    C.—DWELLINGS UNDER THE HOUSING OF THE WORKING CLASSES ACT, 1890. AND IMPROVMENT ACTS COMBINED.
    Cr.Cr.
    EXPENDITURE.INCOME
  • Page -
    D. DETAILS OF REVENUE ACCOUNT.
    Dwellings. 1Income.Expenditure.Result of Year's Working, 1913-14. Surplus ( + ). Deficiency (-) 20
    Gross Rental. 2Deductions.Net Rental. 7Maintenance and Management.Debt Charges.
    Empties. 3Caretakers' Quarters. 4Amounts irrecoverable. 5Total. 6Supervision and Collection of Rent. 8Rates and Taxes. (i) 9Lighting, Heating, Water and Insurance. 10Stores and Incidentals 11Transfer to Repairs and Renewals Fund. 12Total. 13(j) Interest (gross).Sinking Fund.Total. 18Total. (Columns 13 and 18.) 19
    Land. 14Buildings. 15Land. 16Buildings. 17
  • Page -
    D.- DETAILS OF REVENUE ACCOUNT — continued.
    Dwellings.Income.Expenditure.Result of Year's Working, 1913-14. Surplus (+ ), Deficiency ( - ).
    Gross Rental.Deductions.Net Rental.
    Empties.Caretakers' Quarters.Amounts irrecoverable.Total.Supervision and Collection of Rent.Rates and Taxes. (d)I and Management.Debt Charges.
    Lighting, Heating, Water and Insurance.Stores and IncidentalsTransfer to Repairs and Renewals FundTotal.(e) Interest (gross).Sinking Fund.Total.Total. (Columns 13 and 18.)
    Land.Buildings.Land.Buildings.
    234567891011121314151617181920
  • Page -
    E.-STATEMENT SHOWING PERCENTAGES ON GROSS RENTAL OF THE SEVERAL ITEMS OF INCOME AND EXPENDITURE IN RESPECT OF DWELLINGS IN THE DETAILED REVENUE ACCOUNT (PAGES xlvii. TO I.).
    Dwellings 1Income.Expenditure.Result of Year's Working (excluding interest on cash balances).
    Gross Rental. 2Deductions.Net Rental. 7Maintenance and Management.Debt Charges.Total (cols. 13 and 18) 19
    Empties. 3Caretaker's Quarters. 4Amounts irrecoverable. 5Total. 6Supervision and Collection ol Rent. 8Rates and Taxes. (c) 9Lighting, Heating, Water i and Insurance. 10Stores and Incidentals. 11Transfer to Repairs and Renewals Fund. 12Total. 13(d) Interest (gross).Sinking fund.Surplus. 20Debt. ciency. 21
    Land. 14Buildings. 15Land. 16Buildings. 17Total. 18
  • Page -
    F.-SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL RESULTS.
    DwellingsBoroughAccom-modation (persons) (*)Persons in occu-pation 31st March 1914.Date of opening.Aggregate Capital Expenditure to 31st March, 1914.Aggregate Balance on Revenue Account, lst April. 1913. Surplus ( + ) Deficiency (—).Result of Year's Working. Surplus (+ ) Deficiency (—) (page xlviii, col. 20).Aggregate Balance on Revenue Account, 31st March, 1914. Surplus ( + ) Deficiency (—).Accumulations of Sinking Fund to 31st March, 1914, (including proceeds of Sales).Repairs and Renewals Fund.
    Unspent Accumulationf on 1st April, 1913.1913-14.Unspent Accumulations on 31stMarch, 1914.
    Transfers from Revenue Account (page xiviii., col. 12)Actual Expenditure.Difference,being further amount set aside.
    Land.Buildings.Total.
    1234567891011121314151617
  • Page -
    F-SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL RESULTS—( continued )
    Dwellings.BoroughAccom-modatioi (persons) (*)Person? in occupation 31st March, 1914.Date of openingAggregate Capital Expenditure to 31st March, 1914.Aggregate Balance on Revonue Account, 1st April, 1913. Surplus ( + ) Dellciency (—).Result of Year's Working. Surplus ( + ) Deficiency (-) (page 1., col. 20).Aggregate Balance on Revenue Account, 31st March, 1914. Surplus (+) Deficiency (—).Accumulations of Sinking Fund to 31st March, 1914, (including proceeds of Sales).Repairs and Renewals Fund.
    Unspent Accumulation? on 1st April, 1913.1913-14.T Trieripnt.
    Transfers from Revenue Account (page l.,col. 12)Actual Expenditure.Dnterence,being further amount set aside.Accumulations on 31st March, 1914
    Land.Buildings.Total.
    1234567891011121314151617
  • Page -
    G.-REPAIRS AND RENEWALS ACCOUNT-DETAILS OF INVESTMENTS (PAGES XXXVIII. AND XLIV.).
    Name of Stock.Amount of Stock.Cost Price.Market Value on 31st March, 1914.
    Housing of the Working Classes Act, 1890.Dwellings (Improvement Acts).Total.
    Part. I.Part II.Part III.Total.
    £s.d.£s.d.£s.d.£s.d.£s.d.£s.d.£s.d.£
  • Page -
    H.-STATEMENT AS TO CONTRIBUTIONS FROM AND TO RATES.
    YearHousing of the Working Classes Act, 1890.Dwellings (Improvement Acts)Total.
    Part I.Part II.Part III.
    Dwellings.Estates in Course of Development.
  • Page -
    -statement of capital expenditure on clearance schemes under the housing of the working classes act, 1890. Note.—The receipts are derived from sales of land and rents and include amounts transferred from the accounts of the dwellings for the housing values of the sites appropriate! for that purpose. Under Tart II. they include contributions from Local Authorities.
    Clearance Scheme.Date of Act sanctioning SchemeCapital Expenditure to 31st March, 1914.
    Gross.Receipts applied to Capital Expenditure.Net. (a)
    Housing of the working Classes Act, 1890.£s.d.£s.d.£s.d.
  • Page -
    K.-STATEMENT AS TO THE COMMERCIAL AND HOUSING VALUES OF SITES UTILISED FOR THE ERECTION OF WORKING CLASS DWELLINGS.
    Clearance scheme or street improvementCommercial value. (Estimated).Housing value. (Cash received from Dwellings Companies.)Difference charged to clearance scheme or improvement (cost of writing down value of cleared site).Dwellings.Commercial value. (Estimated.)Housing value. (Estimated.) [Amounts charged to Dwellings Accounts, pages liii. and lv., co!. 6.]Difference charged to clearance scheme or improvement (cost of writing down value of cleared site).
    Housing op the working Classes Act, 1890.£££Housing op the Working Classes act, 1890. Part I.£££
  • Page -
    APPENDIX XXII. STATEMENT SHOWING STATUTES UNDER WHICH DWELLINGS UNDER IMPROVEMENT ACTS WERE ERECTED.
    Dwellings.Act.
  • Page -
    APPENDIX XXIII. Dumber of Tenements Comprised in the Dwellings in Occupation on 31st March, 1913, together with Particulars of the Dwellings Opened between that date and 31st March, 1914.
    Dwellings.Metropolitan Borough.Date opened.Number of tenements i»fTotal tenementsTotal rooms.Cubicles.Number of persons provided for.Shops.Work-shopsSheds. *Cupboards
    1 room.2 room.s.3 rooms.3 rooms with small additions bedroom4 rooms4 rooms with small additions bedroom5 rooms6 rooms
  • Page -
    B.—Accommodation Provided in all the Council's Dwellings open on 31st March, 1914.
    Dwellings.Metropolitan Borough.Date opened.Number of tenements ofTotal tenement!Total rooms.Cubicles.Number of persons provided for.Shops,Workshops.Sheds.Cupboards,
    1 room.2 rooms3 rooms.6 rooms with small additional bedroom.4 rooms4 rooms , with.small additional bedroom.5 rooms6 rooms
  • Page -
    B.—Accommodation Provided in all the Council's Dweliings open on 31st March, 1914— (continued).
    Dwellings.Metropolitan Borough.Date openedNumber of tenements ofTotal tenementsTotal rooms.Cubicles.Number of persons provided for.Shops.WorkshopsSheds.Cup-boards
    1 room.2 rooms.3 rooms.3 rooms with small idditiona bedroom4 rooms4 rooms with small additional bedroom.5 rooms6 rooms
  • Page -
    B.—Accommodation Provided in all tiie Council's Dwellings open on 31st March, 1914—( continued).
    DwellingsMetropolitan Borough.Date opened.Number of tenements ofTotal tenementsTotal rooms.Cubicles.Number of persons provided for.Shops,Workshops.Sheds.Cupboards
    1 room.2 rooms.3 rooms.3 rooms with smnl addition a4 rooms4 room with small addition! hedroorr5 rooms6 room
  • Page -
    C.—R ents C harged at the C ouncil's D wellings.
    DwellingsBorough.Rent per week of tenements.Rent per night of cubicles.. Rent per week of workshops.Rent per week of sheds.Rent per week of cupboards.Gross rent per annum on 31st March, 1914.
    1 room.2 rooms.3 rooms.3 rooms with small •idditional bedroom.4 rooms.4 rooms with small additional bedroom.5 rooms.6 rooms.
    £s.d.
  • Page -
    D. — A ccommodation P rovided in the C ouncil's D wellings, and the G ross R ent per annum on 31 st M arch , 1892, and each subsequent Y ear.
    Year.Tenements.Rooms.Cubicles.Persons provided for.Gross annual rent.
    £s.d.
  • Page -
    E — Number of Persons Rehoused by the Council after being Displaced by Improvement Education or Clearance Schemes.
    Dwellings.Metropolitan Borough.Number of displaced persons re-housed.
    Before 31st March, 1913.Duiing year 1913-4.Total.
  • Page -
    F.—Number of Lettings effected, the number of Tenants who Vacated their Tenements and the number OF tenants who were transferred to other tenements in the Council's Dwellings during the Year 1913-1914.
    Dwellings.Metropolitan Borough.Number of tenementsNumber of lettings effected.Number of vacations, less transfers.Number of Transfers (not included in number of lettingx or vacations)
    Tenant's notice.Council's notice.Total.Percentage.
  • Page -
    G.—Percentage of Total Outgoings for Maintenance on the Rent Receivable for the last Five Years.
    Dwellings.Metropolitan Borough.1909-10.1910-11,1911-12. (b)1912-13. (b)1913-14.
  • Page -
    11.—Population of the Council's Dwellings According to the Enumeration taken in March, 1914.
    Dwellings.Metropolitan Borough.Accommodation.Number of per-eons in occupation (including children).Number of children under 14 years of age in dwellings.
    Tenements.Rooms.Eoys.Girls.
  • Page -
    J.—Particulars of Cases of Infectious Diseases Reported by Superintendents and Caretakers as having been removed from the council's dwellings during the year ended 31st March, 1914.
    Dwellings.Metropolitan Borough.Erysipelas.Measles.Scarlet Fever.Consumption.Diphtheria.Chicken-pox.Typhoid or Enteric Fever.Cerebro meningi tis.
  • Page -
    K.— Particulars of Births and Deaths in the C ouncil's Dwellings during the Year ended 31 st March , 1914. (a)
    Dwellings.Borough.Births.Deaths.
    Occurring in the dwellings.Occurring in institutions.Total.