Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for London County Council]
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7
The mild winter of 1935, following an even milder autumn, together with the
absence of any periodic epidemic prevalence, such as measles, whooping-cough and
influenza, were the chief causes of the marked decrease in deaths in 1935 upon
the number in the previous year. The decrease in deaths from diseases of the
respiratory system amounted to 1,564, from measles 836, and among infants
under one year of age 603. Other causes of death showing considerable decline were
diphtheria 210, and tuberculosis (all forms) 476.
There was a noteworthy reduction in the number of fatal street accidents— Street
from 752 in 1934 to 531 in 1935. A comparison of the age-distribution for the two accidents.
years shows a relatively higher reduction in fatal accidents among the aged :—
Table 4.—County of London—Deaths from street accidents.
Year | Age-group | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0-5 | 5-15 | 15-25 | 25-45 | 45-65 | 65 + | All ages. | |
1934 | 29 | 105 | 120 | 119 | 161 | 218 | 752 |
1935 | 22 | 73 | 85 | 89 | 122 | 140 | 531 |
Decrease per cent. | 24 | 30 | 29 | 25 | 24 | 36 | 29 |
The death-rates from all causes and from certain specified causes in each metropolitan
borough in 1935 and in London as a whole in 1935 and earlier years will be
found in tables 37 and 39.
The deaths from the principal causes by age and sex during 1935 in London
are shown in table 38.
The deaths under one year of age per thousand live births were 58 compared Infant
with 67 in the preceding year. This is the lowest infant mortality rate recorded in mortality.
London, the previous lowest being 59 in 1930 and 1927.
The movement of the death-rate from the principal diseases at ages below one year since 1910 are shown in the following table :— Table 5.
Cause of death | l911 to 1914 | 1916 to 1918 | 1919 to 1922 | 1923 to 1926 | 1927 to 1930 | 1931 to 1934 | 1931 | 1932 | 1933 | 1934 | 1935 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Measles | 3.40 | 3.84 | 1.64 | 2.02 | 2.07 | 1.44 | 0.44 | 2.44 | 0.28 | 2.60 | 0.07 |
Whooping-cough | 3.63 | 4.45 | 2.50 | 2.60 | 3.14 | 2.27 | 2.15 | 2.59 | 2.45 | 1.88 | 1.77 |
Influenza | 0.27 | 1.10 | 0.81 | 0.38 | 0.48 | 0.40 | 0.46 | 0.39 | 0.46 | 0.30 | 0.18 |
Tuberculosis | 3.40 | 3.20 | 1.52 | 1.26 | 0.89 | 0.77 | 0.70 | 0.96 | 0.83 | 0.60 | 0.56 |
Bronchitis | 6.41 | 6.72 | 4.42 | 2.91 | 2.30 | 2.16 | 2.56 | 2.09 | 1.50 | 2.48 | 1.90 |
Pneumonia | 12.28 | 14.96 | 12.60 | 11.51 | 12.10 | 11.45 | 13.90 | 10.25 | 8.27 | 13.40 | 9.79 |
Diarrhœsa | 24.28 | 16.10 | 12.16 | 9.36 | 8.87 | 10.86 | 8.94 | 11.78 | 10.70 | 12.01 | 10.61 |
Premature birth | 18.16 | 17.42 | 17.00 | 14.74 | 14.17 | 14.91 | 15.24 | 14.51 | 15.23 | 14.65 | 14.11 |
Congenital defects | 14.69 | 14.66 | 11.26 | 8.39 | 7.38 | 7.22 | 6.65 | 7.58 | 6.84 | 7.81 | 6.88 |
Other causes | 21.48 | 20.55 | 15.09 | 11.83 | 12.60 | 13.52 | 13.96 | 14.41 | 13.44 | 11.27 | 12.01 |
All causes | 10.8 | 103 | 79 | 65 | 64 | 65 | 65 | 67 | 60 | 67 | 58 |