Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for London County Council]
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Comparison can be made of death-rates from certain causes of death in sanitary areas by
reference to the following table. The death-rates shown are fully corrected for deaths in institutions
(see footnote (2) page 6) but are uncorrected for differences in the age and sex constitution of the
population. In the case of phthisis and of "cancer," viz., carcinoma, sarcoma, and cancer
(otherwise undefined) "factors for correction for differences in age and sex constitution" have been
calculated, and these factors and the corrected death-rates are shown on pages 56 and 64 respectively.
Death-rates per 100,000 living from All Causes, and from Specified Causes, in each of the several sanitary areas, 1909 (365 days).
Sanitary area. | Measles. | Rheumatic Fever. | Carcinoma. | Sarcoma. | Cancer (not otherwise defined). | Tabes Mesenterica. | Tuberculous Meningitis. | Phthisis. | Other Tuber-culous and Scrofulous Diseases. | Pneumonia. | Other Respiratory Diseases. | All other Causes. | All Causes. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Paddington | 24 | 6 | 65 | 8 | 28 | 5 | 12 | 110 | 11 | 122 | 160 | 743 | 1,294 |
Kensington | 32 | 2 | 70 | 8 | 40 | 7 | 17 | 93 | 16 | 146 | 156 | 746 | 1,333 |
Hammersmith | 64 | 7 | 52 | 5 | 34 | 9 | 17 | 109 | 10 | 172 | 136 | 815 | 1,430 |
Fulham | 43 | 5 | 57 | 5 | 20 | 5 | 18 | 116 | 16 | 141 | 95 | 676 | 1,197 |
Chelsea | 33 | 7 | 68 | 3 | 44 | 3 | 28 | 146 | 16 | 169 | 166 | 776 | 1,459 |
Westminster, City of | 15 | 4 | 72 | 7 | 40 | 7 | 12 | 134 | 15 | 131 | 149 | 734 | 1,320 |
St. Marylebone | 27 | 4 | 70 | 6 | 55 | 8 | 8 | 133 | 14 | 145 | 173 | 828 | 1,471 |
Hampstead | 14 | 5 | 63 | 10 | 19 | 2 | 11 | 62 | 11 | 82 | 91 | 523 | 893 |
St. Pancras | 45 | 9 | 69 | 6 | 27 | 8 | 13 | 160 | 16 | 192 | 141 | 805 | 1,491 |
Islington | 58 | 6 | 54 | 6 | 41 | 12 | 23 | 123 | 13 | 159 | 154 | 758 | 1,407 |
Stoke Newington | 18 | 4 | 62 | 4 | 48 | 15 | 11 | 86 | 13 | 108 | 140 | 627 | 1,136 |
Hackney | 24 | 4 | 56 | 5 | 31 | 16 | 16 | 121 | 13 | 127 | 117 | 734 | 1,264 |
Holborn | 26 | 6 | 69 | 13 | 41 | 7 | 11 | 210 | 19 | 175 | 188 | 802 | 1,567 |
Finsbury | 91 | 10 | 68 | 5 | 22 | 6 | 24 | 225 | 19 | 230 | 239 | 1,000 | 1,939 |
London, City of | 33 | 5 | 71 | 16 | 60 | 16 | 16 | 192 | 22 | 231 | 253 | 1,086 | 2,001 |
Shoreditch | 114 | 6 | 49 | 3 | 31 | 13 | 31 | 174 | 30 | 266 | 179 | 1,006 | 1,902 |
Bethnal Green | 61 | 4 | 40 | 7 | 44 | 16 | 21 | 155 | 21 | 206 | 221 | 894 | 1,690 |
Stepney | 77 | 2 | 41 | 6 | 20 | 9 | 21 | 167 | 20 | 201 | 171 | 792 | 1,527 |
Poplar | 90 | 5 | 65 | 5 | 17 | 8 | 17 | 128 | 21 | 176 | 172 | 920 | 1,624 |
Southwark | 61 | 7 | 69 | 4 | 15 | 12 | 19 | 179 | 21 | 222 | 185 | 886 | 1,680 |
Bermondsey | 157 | 6 | 78 | 6 | 27 | 31 | 27 | 178 | 36 | 220 | 195 | 929 | 1,890 |
Lambeth | 32 | 6 | 85 | 7 | 26 | 11 | 11 | 139 | 14 | 159 | 148 | 770 | 1,408 |
Battersea | 48 | 6 | 50 | 3 | 45 | 6 | 18 | 121 | 12 | 131 | 157 | 708 | 1,305 |
Wandsworth | 38 | 4 | 46 | 7 | 39 | 5 | 15 | 94 | 10 | 114 | 110 | 714 | 1,196 |
Camberwell | 38 | 8 | 43 | 6 | 45 | 6 | 21 | 120 | 22 | 121 | 142 | 769 | 1,341 |
Deptford | 57 | 6 | 54 | 7 | 28 | 6 | 20 | 126 | 14 | 116 | 163 | 768 | 1,365 |
Greenwich | 37 | 4 | 51 | 8 | 19 | 3 | 16 | 99 | 14 | 113 | 124 | 739 | 1,227 |
Lewisham | 4 | 6 | 65 | 5 | 27 | 5 | 12 | 78 | 6 | 62 | 110 | 653 | 1,033 |
Woolwich | 41 | 4 | 52 | 5 | 33 | 7 | 21 | 118 | 14 | 93 | 92 | 709 | 1,189 |
Infantile Mortality.
The deaths of children under one year of age in the Administrative County of London during
1909 (52 weeks) numbered 12,582, being in the proportion of 108 per 1,000 births.
The proportion in successive periods has been as follows:—
Deaths under one year of age per 1,000 births.
Period. | Deaths under one year of age per 1,000 births. | Period. | Deaths under one year of age per 1,000 births. |
---|---|---|---|
1841-50 | 1571 | 1903 | 1301 |
1851-60 | 155* | 1904 | 1451 |
1861-70 | 162* | 1905 | 1301 |
1871-80 | 158* | 1906 | 1311 |
1881-90 | 152 | 1907 | 1161 |
1891-1900 | 1591 | 1908 | 1131 |
1901 | 1481 | 1909 | 1081 |
1902 | 1401 |
The accompanying diagram (V.) shows the infantile mortality in each year since 1857 in relation
to the mean infantile mortality of the period 1858-1909, and also the infantile mortality in each year
after exclusion of the deaths from premature birth, which would in all probability be affected in greater
degree than the deaths under any other heading by the more complete registration of recent years. It
is thus seen that the rates of 1909 are the lowest recorded in this period.
The following table enables comparison to be made of the infantile mortality in London and
other large English towns.
* The registration of births was not made compulsory until the beginning of 1875; before that year many births
were probably unregistered. 1 See footnotes (1) and (2) page 6.