London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972

View report tables

Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

London County Council 1901

[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for London County Council]

Published
1902
Pages
254
Tables
187

This page requires JavaScript

187 tables in this report

  • Page -
    The population of each of the metropolitan boroughs, as constituted by the London Government Act of 1899, estimated to the middle of 1901 is shown in the following table—
    Metropolitan Boroughs.Estimated population, 1901.Metropolitan Boroughs.Estimated population, 1901.Metropolitan Boroughs.Estimated population, 1901.
  • Page -
    Population, acreage and number of persons per acre in metropolitan boroughs, census, 1901.
    Metropolitan boroughs.Area in Btatute acres.Enumerated population, 1901.Number of persons to an acre.
  • Page 2
    Overcrowding, etc., in tenements of less than five rooms. City of Loudon—Population, 26,923 ; total tenements, 5,339.
    Tenements withNo. of tenements.Percentage of all tenements.Total occnpaDts.Percentage of population in each group of tenements.Average occupants per room.Overcrowding.
    No. of 1 to 4 roomed tenements with more than 2 occupants per room.No. of occupants of such tenements.Percentage of population in such tenements.
  • Page 2
    Battrksea—Population, 168,907; total tenements, 38,987.
  • Page 3
    Bermondsey—Population, 130,760; total tenements, 29,073.
    Tenements withNo. of tenements.Percentage of all tenements.Total occapants.Percentage of population in each group of tenements.Average occupants per room.Overcrowding.
    No. of 1 to 4 roomed tenements with more than 2 occupants per room.No. of occupants of such tenements.Percentage of population in such tenements.
  • Page 4
    Greenwich—Population, 95,770; total tenements, 19,702.
    Tenements withNo. of tenements.Percentage of all tenements.Total occupaDts.Percentage of population in each group of tenements.Average occupants per room.Overcrowding.
    No. of 1 to 4 roomed tenements with more than 2 occupants per room.No of occupants of such tenements.Perct ntage of population iD such tenements.
  • Page 5
    Lambeth—Population, 301,895; total tenements, 70,887.
    Tenements withNo. of tenements.Percentage of all tenements.Total occupants.Percentage of population in each group of tenements.Average occupants per room.Overcrowding.
    No. of 1 to 4 roomed tenements with more than 2 occupants per room.No. of occupants of such tenements.Percentage of population in such tenements.
  • Page 6
    Southwakk—Population, 206,180; total tenements, 47,808.
    Tenements withNo. of tenements.Percentage of all tenements.Total occupants.Percentage of population in each group of tenements.Average occupants per room.Overcrowding.
    No. of 1 to 4 roomed tenements with more than 2 occupants pe room.No. of cccupants of such tenements.Percentage of population in such tenements.
  • Page 7
    Census 1891.—Registration County of London; population, 4,211,743; total tenements, 937,606.
    Tenements withNo. of tenements?Percentage of all tenements.Total occupants.Percentage of population in each group of tenements.Average occupants per room.Overcrowding.
    No. of 1 to 4 roomed tenements with more than 2 occupants per room.No. of occupiers of such tenements.Percentage of population in such tenements.
  • Page 7
    The marriage rate in successive periods has been as follows—
  • Page 8
    Marriages of minors per cent, of total marriages.
    Period.London.England and Wales.
    Males.Females.Males.Females.
  • Page 8
    The birth rate in successive periods has been as follows—
  • Page 8
    The corresponding figures for England and "Wales are as follows—
  • Page 8
    I he following table shows the birth rate in the several metropolitan boroughs in per 1,000 persons living and per 100 married females aged 15.45—
    Metropolitan Boroughs.Births.Birth rate per 1,000 living.Births per 100 married femalei aged 15.45.
  • Page 9
    All causes—Death rates per 1,000 living.
  • Page 9
    The columns showing ' death rates corrected for age and sex distribution " have been obtained by multiplying the crude death rates by the " factor for correction," t published by the Registrar.General in the Annual Summary for 1901.
    Towns.Estimated population middle of 1901.Crude death rate per 1,000 living.Death rate per 1,000 living (corrected for age and sex distribution).
    1891.1900.1901.1891.1900.1901.
  • Page 10
    All causes—Death rates per 1,000 living.
    Towns.1891-1900.1901.Towns.1891-1900.1901.
  • Page 11
    Crude and corrected death rates1, per 1,000 persons living, in the County of London and the several metropolitan boroughs.
    District.Standard death rate.Factor for correction for age and sex distribution.Crude death rate, 1901.Corrected death rate, 1901.Comparative mortality figure, 1901 (London, 1,000).
  • Page 11
    Population at each age.period and for each sex, per cent, of total population.
    Area.Sex.All ages.0.5.10.15.20.25.35.45.55.65.75 & up.
  • Page 12
    The following table shows the number of deaths1 occurring at several ages in each of the metropolitan boroughs of the administrative county during the year 1901 (365 days)—
    Age.period.0.1.2.3.4.Under 5.5.10.15.20.25.35.45.55.65.75.85.All ages.
  • Page 13
    Table I. Mean future lifetime of males and. females in groups of ages (calculated from London life tables, 1891.1900).
    Age.groups.Males.Females.Age groups.Males.Females.
  • Page 13
    Table II.
    Age.groups.Deaths calculated according to mean rates of 1891.1900.Deaths occurring in the year 1901.Gain (+) or loss (—) of lives in the year 1901 by fluctuations of mortality.Gain (+) or loss (—) of " life capital" in the year 1901 by fluctuations of mortality.
  • Page 14
    Infant mortality. The deaths of children under one. year of age in the administrative county of London during 1901 (52 weeks) numbered 19,412, being in the proportion of 148 per 1,000 births. The proportion in each year since 1890 has been as follows—
    Year.Deaths under one year per 1,000 births.
  • Page 14
    Deaths under one year of age per 1,000 births.
    Towns.1891-1900.1901.Towns.1891-1900.1901.
  • Page 14
    The following table shows the deaths under one year of age and the number of these deaths per 1,000 births in each of the metropolitan boroughs—
    Metropolitan boroughs.Deaths under one year of pge, 1901.Deaths under one year of age per 1,000 births, 1901.
  • Page 15
    Deaths from the several classes of disease registered in the county of London (including the lunatic asylums and hospitals for infectious disease belonging to the county) are given by the Registrar-General in the Annual Summary of Births, Deaths and Causes of Deaith, and the following table has been prepared from the figures contained in the summary relating to the year 1901—
    Causes of death.Corrected annual average 1891-1900.1901.
  • Page 15
    The following table gives more detailed information concerning the principal diseases included in the constitutional, nervous, and respiratory groups—
    Causes of death.Corrected annual average 1891-1900.1901.
  • Page 16
    Death.rates1 per 100,000 living, from all causes and from various causes in each of the Metropolitan Boroughs, 1901 (365 days).
    Metropolitan Boroughs.Measles.Rheumatic fever.Cancer.Tabes mesenterica.Tubercular meningitis.Phthisis.Other tubercular diseases.Pneumonia.Other respiratory diseases.All other causes.All causes.
  • Page 16
    The death rates in each year since 1890 have been as follows—
    Year.Death rate from principal epidemic diseases.
    18912.271
    18922.801
    18933.041
    18942.651
    18952.621
    18963.111
    18972.581
    18982.801
    18992.491
    19002.231
    19012.221
  • Page 16
    Principal epidemic diseases—Death rates per 1,000 living.
    Towns.1891.1900.1901.Towns.1891.1900.1901.
    London2. 7122.252Nottingham2.562.86
    Manchester3.383.43Bradford2.221.86
    Liverpool3.323.66Hull3.023.24
    Birmingham2.893.16Salford4.304.28
    Leeds2.713.14West Ham3.314.11
    Sheffield3.334.10Leicester3.202.58
    Bristol1.961.67Newcastle2 322150
  • Page 17
    Six principal epidemic diseases—Death rates per 1,000 living.
    Towns.1891-1900.1901.Towns.1891-1900.1901.
  • Page 17
    The death rates from the principal epidemic diseases in the several metropolitan boroughs in 1901 are shown in the following table—
    Metropolitan borough.Deaths in 1901.Death rate per 1,000 living.Metropolitan borough.Deaths in 1901.Death rate per 1,000 living.
  • Page 17
    The death rates from smallpox in successive periods have been as follows—
    Period.Smallpox death rate per 1,000 living.Period.Smallpox death rate per 1,000 living.
  • Page 18
    During the complete years 111 which the notification of infectious diseases has been obligatory, the number of cases of smallpox notified to the medical officers of health in the various sanitary districts comprised in the administrative county has been as follows—
    Year.Cases notified.Case rate per 1,000 living.
  • Page 18
    Smallpox death rates per 1,000 living.
    Towns.1891-1900.1901.Towns.1891-1900.1901.
  • Page 18
    Smallpox death rates per 1,000 living.
    Towns.1891-1900.1901.Towns.1891-1900.1901.
  • Page 19
    Metropolitan borough.Cases, 1901.Case-rate per 1,000 living.Deaths, 1901.Death-rate per 1,000 living. 1901.
    1891-1900.1901.
  • Page 19
    Smallpox—Notified cases, 1901.
    Week endedNo. of cases notified.Week endedNo. of cases notified.Week endedNo. of cases notified.
  • Page 23
    lhe same report includes the following table showing the condition as to vaccination and the fatality of cases of smallpox admitted into the hospitals of the Metropolitan Asylums Board—
    Admissions.Deaths.Mortality per cent.
  • Page 24
    London vaccination returns.
    Year.Children not finally accounted for (including cases postponed) per cent, of total births.Year.Children not finally accounted for (including cases postponed) per cent, of total births.
  • Page 24
    Measles—Death rates per 1,000 living.
  • Page 24
    Measles—Death rates per 1,000 living.
    Towns.1891-1900.1901.Towns.1891-1900.1901.
  • Page 25
    Measles—Death rates per 1,000 living.
    Towns.1891.1900.1901.Towns.1891.1900.1901.
  • Page 25
    The following table shows the deaths and death rates from measles in 1901 iu each of the metropolitan boroughs included in the administrative county—
  • Page 26
    Measles—Death.rate per 1,000 children living, aged 0—5.
    Metropolitan Boroughs.Death rate ages 0.5.Metropolitan Boroughs.Death rate ages 0.5.Metropolitan Boroughs.Death rate ages 0.5.
  • Page 26
    parison. This will be seen from the following table—
    Ages 0.5." All ages."
    Order.Metropolitan Borough.Measles death rate.Order.Metropolitan Borough.Measles death rate.
  • Page 28
    Scarlet fever.
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 living.Case-rate per 1,000 living.Case-mortality per cent.
  • Page 29
    Scarlet fever—Death rates per 1,000 living.
    Towns.1891-1900.1901.Towns.1891-1900.1901.
  • Page 29
    Scarlet fever—Death rates per 1,000 living.
  • Page 29
    The following table shows the death rate from scarlet fever in 1901 and the case rates ii 1901 and the deceunium 1891-1901 in the several metropolitan boroughs—
    Metropolitan Borough.Cases, 1901.Case-rate per 1,000 living.Deaths, 1901.Death-rate per 1,000 living. 1901.
    1891-1900.1901.
  • Page 32
    Scarlet fever—Notified cases, 1901
    Notified cases—Ages.Increase or decrease per cent.
  • Page 33
    Scarlet fever,* 1901.
    Age-period.Males.Females.
    Cases.Deaths.Case mortality per cent.Rates per 100,000 living.Cases.Deaths.Case mortality per cent.Rates per 100,000 living.
    Cases.Deaths.Cases.Deaths.
  • Page 33
    The diphtheria case rates and death rates in 1901 and preceding periods are shown in following table—
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 living.Case-rate per 1,000 living.Case-mortality per cent.
  • Page 34
    Diphtheria—Death-rates per 1.000 living.
    Towns.1891-1900.1901.Towns.1891-1900.1901.
  • Page 34
    Diphtheria—Death-rates per 1,000 living.
    Towns.1891-1900.1901.Towns.1891-1900.1901.
  • Page 34
    The case rate of each of the metropolitan boroughs in 1891-1900 and in 1901, and the deaths and death rate in 1901 are shown in the following table—
    Metropolitan borough.Cases, 1901.Case-rate per 1,000 living.Deaths, 1901.Death-rate per 1,000 living, 1901.
    1891-1900.1901.
  • Page 35
    Diphtheria. Comparative case rates (London taken as 100).
    Metropolitan borough.Comparative case rates (London case rates taken as 100).
    18911892189318941895189618971898189919001901.
  • Page 36
    Diphtheria—Notified cases, 1901.
    Period.Notified cases-—Ages.Increase or decrease per cent.
    0—3.3—13.13 and upwards.0—3.3—13.13 and upwards.
  • Page 37
    Diphtheria—1 1901.
    Age-period.Males.Females.
    Cases.Deaths.Case mortality per cent.Rates per 100,000 living.Cases.Deaths.Case mortality per cent.Rates per 100,000 living.
  • Page 37
    lhe death rates from this disease in 1901 and preceding periods have been as follows— Whooping covgh.
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 living.Period.Death-rate per 1,000 living.
  • Page 37
    Whooping cough—Death-rates per 1,000 living.
    Towns.1891-1900.1901.Towns.1891-1900.1901.
  • Page 38
    Whooping-cough—Death rates per 1,000 living.
    Towns.1891-1900.1901.Towns.1891-1900.1901.
  • Page 38
    The following table shows the deaths and death rate from whooping cough in 1901 in each of the metropolitan boroughs—
    Metropolitan borough.Deaths in 1901.Death-rate per 1,000 living.Metropolitan borough.Deaths in 1901.Death-rate per 1,000 living.
  • Page 38
    The deaths from typhus in the administrative county of London during the year 1901 numbered 4. The death rates from this disease in 1901 and previous periods were as follows— Typhus.
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 living.Period.Death-rate per 1,000 living.
  • Page 39
    Ihe rates per 1,000 living in 1901 and preceding periods were as follows— Enteric fever.
    Period.Death rate per 1,000 living.Case-rate per 1,000 living.Case mortality per cent.
  • Page 39
    The following table shows the death rate from enteric fever in 1901 and the case rates in 1901 and the decennium 1891-1900 obtaining in each of the metropolitan boroughs—
    Metropolitan borough.Cases, 1901.Case rate per 1,000 living.Deaths, 1901.Death rate per 1,000 living, 1901.
    1891-1900.1901.
  • Page 40
    Metropolitan borough.Cases, 1901.Case rate per 1,000 living.Deaths, 1901.Death rate per 1,000 living, 1901.
    1891-1900.1901.
  • Page 40
    In the following table will be seen the number of notified cases of enteric fever in London at this period of the year as shown in the weekly notification lists of the Metropolitan Asylums Board. These cases have been distributed according to the water supply of the houses in which they occurre'd—
    No. of week.Week ending.Grand June! ion.Weft Middlesex.Chelsea.New River.Eact London.Southwark and Vanxhall.Lambetli.Kent.Total.
    2522nd June432111454144
    2629th „372121147248
    276th July4426534230
    2813th „262171264756
    2920th „7641514115264
    3027th „367111052347
    313rd Aug.5136201884478
    3210th „41361114128977
    3317th „1146241678682
    3424th „476161087866
    3531st ,,585223117912109
  • Page 42
    Enteric fever*, 1901.
    Age-period.Males.Females.
    Cases.Deaths.Case mortality per cent.Rates per 100,000 living.Cases.Deaths.Case mortality per cent.Bates per 100,000 living.
    Cases.Deaths.Cases.Deaths.
  • Page 43
    Diarrhoea—Death rate per 1,000 living.
    Period.Death rate per 1,000 living.Period.Death rate per 1,000 living.
  • Page 43
    The age distribution of the deaths 2 from this disease in London in the year 1901 was as follows—
  • Page 43
    Diarrhœa—Death rates per 1,000 living.
    Towns.1891-1900.1901.Towns.1891-1900.1901.
  • Page 43
    The deaths and death rates per 1,000 living in the year 1901 in each of the metropolitan boroughs are shown in the following table—
    Metropolitan Borough.Deaths, 1901.Death rate per 1,000 living, 1901.Metropolitan Borough.Deaths, 1901.Death rate per 1,000 living, 1901.
  • Page 44
    Erysipelas.
    Year.Cases.Case-rate per 1,000 living.Deaths.1Death-rate per 1,000 living.
  • Page 44
    The number of cases of erysipelas notified and the case rate of the year 1901, together with the case rate of the decennium 1891-1900 for each of the metropolitan boroughs are shown in the following table—
    Metropolitan borough.Cases, 1901.Case-rate per 1,000 living.Metropolitan borough.Cases, 1901.Case-rate per 1,000 living.
    1891- 1900.1901.1891-1900.1901.
  • Page 45
    The following table shows the age and sex distribution of the notified cases of erysipelas in 1901—
    Age period.All ages.0-5-10-15-20-25-35-45-65-65-75 and upwards.
  • Page 45
    Puerperal fever.
    Year.Notified cases.Deaths.1
  • Page 45
    If these cases and deaths are considered in relation to the total population and total births, the following rates are obtained—
    Year.Case-rate per 1,000 living.Case-rate per 1,000 births.Death-rate1 per 1,000 living.Death-rate1 per 1,000 births.
  • Page 46
    The deaths from these diseases since 1889 have been as follows—
    Year.Influenza.Bronchitis.Pneumonia.
    Deaths.1Corrected annual average for preceding ten years.Deaths.1Corrected annual average for preceding ten years.Deaths.1Corrected annual average for preceding ten years.
  • Page 46
    Influenza—Deaths1 registered in London in four-weekly periods, 1890-1901.
    Number of weeks.1890.1891.1882.1893.1894.1895.1896.1897.1898.1899.1900.1901.
  • Page 46
    Phthisis.
  • Page 46
    The death rates (2 ) in the several groups ot districts since 1893 have been as follows—
    1894.1895.1896.1897.1898.1899.1900.1901.
  • Page 47
    The following table shows the deaths and the death rate per 1,000 living in 1901, for each of the metropolitan boroughs—
    Metropolitan borough.Deaths, 1901.Death-rate per 1,000 living, 1901.Metropolitan borough.Deaths, 1901.Death-rate per 1,000 living, 1901.
  • Page 47
    Phthisis (365 days).
    Age period—0-5-10-15-20-25-35-45-55-65-75-85 & up.All ages.
  • Page 49
    The death rates of this disease per 1,000 living in successive periods have been as follows— Cancer.
  • Page 49
    Cancer (365 days).
    Age period—0-5-10-15-20-25-35-45-55-65-75-85 & up.All ages.
  • Page 53
    Month.Temperature of the air.Departure from average of 130 years, 1771-1900.Rain.
    Highest by day.Lowest by night.Mean for month.Number of days it fell.Amount collected.
  • Page 54
    During the year, Mr. W. F. Shaw, the Council's veterinary inspector completed four inspections of all the cows in London cowsheds. The results of his inspections were as follows—
    3rd report.4th report.5th report.6th report.
  • Page 56
    The number of applications and the number of licences for slaughterhouses granted in recent years is shown in the following table—
    Year.No. of applications received.No. of licences granted.Year.No. of applications received.No. of licences granted.
  • Page 62
    The following tabular statement shows the procedure of district authorities as to houses represented as unfit for human habitation, and concerning which the Council has received copies of representations from the 1st January to the 31st December, 1901—
    Local Authority.Total number of houses concerning which the Council has received information that representations have been made from the 1/1/01 to the 31/12/01.Number of houses dealt with by owners without Magisterial intervention.Number of houses for which closing orders were granted.Number of houses for which closing orders were refused.Number of houses represented but subsequently dealt with under Public Health (London) Act, 1891.
    Still closed.Demolished.Improved.Total.Still closed.Demolished.Improved.Total.
  • Page 63
    The average sizes of the plots will be as follows—
    Area in square feet.Frontage.Depth.
  • Page 63
    The accommodation provided will be according to the following schedule—
    Cottages.No.No. of rooms.No. of persons provided for.Average size of
    Living room.1st bedroom.2nd bedroom.3rd bedroom.
  • Page 71
    The following table shows the number of houses on the register, the authorised number of lodgers, the number of convictions, penalties, and notices in each year since 1894—
    Year.No. of houses on register.Autho-rised number of lodgers.No. of day visits by inspectors.No. of night visits.No. of prosecutions.No. of convictions.Penalties.No. of notices.No. of deaths.Cases of infectious disease.
  • Page 71
    Common lodging-houses.
    Sanitary district.Total number of houses.Authorised number of lodgers.Number of houses registered during the year 1901.
  • Page 80
    1 he report of the water examiner shows the capacity of the subsidence reservoirs belonging to the several companies and the average monthly mean and maximum rate of filtration in 1901.
    Capacity of subsidence reservoirs.Monthly rate of filtration per square foot ver hour.
    Name of company.No. of days' supply.Mean monthly averages. Gallons.Maximum monthly averages. Gallons.
  • Page 81
    The following table shows the population in 1901 and the amount of excess of contribution over grant, or of grant over contribution in respect of each district for the year ended 31st March, 1902—
    Population, 1901.Equalisation charge being excess of contribution over grant.Net grant being excess of grant over contribution.
  • Page 82
    The following table shows the month in which the annual reports of the medical officers of health of metropolitan boroughs, relating to the year 1901, were received by the Council—
  • Page 83
    Medical Officers of Health of Metropolitan Boroughs in 1901.
    Metropolitan boroughs.Medical officers of health.
  • Page -
    Registration County of London.
    Age period.Males. Deaths, 1891-1900.Age period.Females. Deaths, 1891-1900.
  • Page -
    Continued from previous page...
    Age.Population.Deaths.Rate of Mortality per unit.
    In Original Groups.Distributed.In Original Groups.Distributed.
    154,071,178407,02116,4211,26800312
    16407,3121,371•00337
    17408,0591,465•00359
    18408,9311,547•00378
    19409,5821,621•00396
    20409,7011,690•00412
    21409,0081,758•00430
    22407,2641,826•00448
    23404,3001,898•00469
    24400,0001,977•00494
    25\ 3,507,224394,24525,8262,065•00524
    26386,6522,134•00552
    27377,1872,208•00585
    28366,3012,307•00630
    29354,8982,434•00686
    30343,8432,592•00754
    31333 7802,768•00829
    32324,9222,94600907
    33316,7753,113•00983
    34308,6213,259•01056
    352,618,543299,64437/2273,373•01126
    36290,0493,478•01199
    37280,5453,571•01273
    38271,6063,650•01344
    39263,5533,720•01411
    40256,2893,776•01473
    41249,5323,831•01535
    42242,8983,886•01600
    43235,9523,94201671
    44228,4754,00001751
    451,831,249220,45042,3814,056•01840
    46212,2144,107•01935
    47203,8834,155•02038
    48195,4994,199•0214S
    49187,1054,240•02266
    50178,7444,274•02391
    51170,4564,304•02525
    52162,2784,329•02668
    53154,2434,350•02820
    54146,3774,367•02983
    551,078,695138,69043,8784,378•03157
    56131,1544,391•03348
    57123,8204,40203555
    58116,7494,40503773
    59109,9894,405•04005
    60103,5434,399•C4248
    6197,3874,390•04508
    6291,4754,380•04788
    6385,7434,370•05097
    6480,1454,358•05438
    65524,70474,66240,8134,343•05817
    6669,3234,321•06233
    6764,1334,290•06689
    6859,0914,246•07186
    6954,1984,189•07729
    7049,4584,115•08320
    7144,8814,021•08959
    7240,4743,907•09653
    7336,2533,770•10399
    7432,2313,611•11203
    75154,22228,42323,7703,430•12068
    7624,8453,22812993
    7721,5093,007•13980
    7818,4312,77015027
    7915,6182,522•16145
    8013,0772,266•17327
    8110,8112,009•18583
    828,8161,754•19901
    837,0851,508•21291
    845,6071,276•22757
  • Page -
    Continued from previous page...
    Age.Population.Deaths.Rate of Mortality per unit.
    In Original Groups.Distributed.In Original Groups.Distributed.
  • Page -
    Total number of lives at risk, and deaths for each year of age.
    Age.Population.Deaths.Rate of mortality per unit.
    In original groups.Distributed.In original groups.Distributed.
  • Page -
    Continued from previous page...
    Age.Population.Deaths.Rate of Mortality per unit.
    In Original Groups.Distributed.In Original Groups.Distributed.
  • Page -
    Table I.
    Census year.Sex.Total inhabitants enumerated.Born and living in London.Per cent.
    1861Males1,307,781817,22762-5
    Females1,496,208923,95061-8
    1871Males1.523,151975,46164-0
    Females1,731,1091,080,11562-4
    1881Males1,797,4861,147,06363-8
    Females2,018,9971,254,89262-2
    1891Males1,990,7481,323,48066-5
    Females2,220,9951,435,91564-7
    1901Males2,142,0851,441,50967-3
    Females2,394,4561,575,07165-8
  • Page -
    Comparison of probabilities of living one year and expectations of life at London, 1891-1900, with those of selected healthy districts, 1881-90— certain ages in
    Age X.Expectation of life,Probability of liring one year at age x, px
    Males.Females.Males.Females.
    Healthy districts, 1881-90. E.London, 1891-1900 ExLon 'on to healthy districts taken as 1,000.Healthy districts, 1881-90. E.London, 1891-1900. E.London to healthy districts taken as 1,000.Healthy districts, 1881-90. p.London, 1891-1900. p.London to healthy districts taken as 1,000.Healthy districts, 1881-90. p.London, 1891-1900. p.London to healthy districts taken as 1,000.
    051-4840-9879654-0445-33839•88085•81588926•90650•84569933
    5570551-6090458-015512950•99444•99141997•99484•99127996
    10530747-84901540151-49953•99793•997751,000•99763•997571,000
    1548-6243-4089349•684710948•99724•996891,000•99670•997211,001
    2044-41391388145•6242-77937•99582•995881,000•99536•996821,001
    2540-3934-9686641-7138-46922•99459•994771,000•99438•995971,002
    3532-7027-25833341630-42891•99262•98880996•99270•99142999
    45251920-6582026-5623-29877•98953•98177992•99110•98657995
    55180014-76820190616-72877•98239•96892986•98499•97673992
    6511-609-7684112361101891•96293•94348980•96725•95562988
    756-565-919017146-57920•91122•88619973•91980•90371983
    853303481,0553-773-75995•78421•78343999•8118580340990
  • Page -
    Table III. Comparison of the Expectation of Life at various ages in London, 1881-90 and 1891-1900.
  • Page -
    Table IV. Death-rates in London per 1,000 living at different age-periods in the decennia 1861-70, 1871-80, 1881-90, and 1891-1900.
  • Page -
    The probability of living one year at various ages in London, 1891-1900, and in Glasgow, Manchester, Brighton and England and Wales in 1881-90.
  • Page -
    Number surviving at certain ages out of 100,000 born in London in 1891-1900, and in Glasgow, Manchester, Brighton and England and Wales in 1881-90.
    Age.Males.Females.
    London, 1891-1900.Glasgow, 1881-90.Manchester 1881-90.Brighton, 1881-90.England and Wales, 1881-90.London, 1891-1900.Glasgow, 1881-90.Manchester 1881-90.Brighton, 1881-90.England and Wales, 1881-90.
  • Page -
    Of 1,000 entering given age-periods the number surviving through the period.
    Age period.Males.Females.
    London, 1891-1900.Glasgow, 1881-90.Manchester, 1881-90.England and Wales, 1881-90.London, 1891-1900.Glasgow, 1881-90.Manchester. 1881-90.England and Wales, 1881-90.
  • Page -
    Expectation of life at various ages—London, 1891-1900. Glasgow, Manchester, Brighton and England and Wales, 1881-90.
    Age.Males.Females.
    London, 1891-1900.Glasgow, 1881-90.Manchester 1881-90.Brighton, 1881-90.England and Wales, 1881-90.London. 1891-1900.Glasgow, 1881-90.Manchester 1881-90.Brighton, 1881-90.England and Wales 1881-90.
  • Page -
    Mean life·time in years, divided into infancy, school age, working period and decline. London, 1881-1890 and 1891-1900; Glasgow, Manchester, and England and Wales, 1881-1890.
    Life·period.Males.Females.
    London, 1891· 1900.London, 1881·90.Glasgow, 1881·90.Manchester, 1881·90.England and Wales, 1881·90.London, 1891· 1900.London, 1881·90.Glasgow, 1881·90.Manchester, 1881·90.England and Wales, 1881·90.
  • Page -
    Table X.
    England and Wales.Manchester Township, 1881-90.Selected healthy districts.London, 1891·1900.
    1838-54.1871-80.1881-90.1849-53.1881-90.
    Males.
    Expectation of life at birth39.9141.3543.6628.7848.5651.4840.98
    Age of maximum expectation ...4434323
    Increase of expectation from C In years.9.909.669.6612.026.286.8711.04
    birth to age of maximum ( Percent.24.823.422.141.812.913.326.9
    Year of life during which the expectation first falls below that at birth20th18th16th22nd14th12th18th
    Females.
    Expectation of life at birth41.8544.6247.1832.6749.4554.0445.33
    A^e of maximum expectation ...4434323 and 4
    Increase of expectation from (In years.8.588.588.2811.144.965.3210.09
    birth to age of maximum ( Per cent.20.519.217.634.110.09.822.3
    Year of life during which the expectation first falls below that at birth18th17 th15th21st12th10th18th
  • Page -
    Mean future lifetime of Males and Females in groups of ages.
    Age-groups.Males.Females.
  • Page -
    Estimated mean population and life capital of the County of London in the decennium, 1891-1900.
    Age-groups.Males.Females.
    Population.Life capital.Population.Life capital.
  • Page -
    Table XIII.
    Mean population, 1891-1900.Total life capital of the population.Average life capital of the population.Proportion per cent. of life capital expended in a year.
  • Page -
    Table XIV.
    Sex.Births in 1891-1900.Mean future lifetime.Years of life added by births in 1891-1900.Years of life expended by the population, 1891-1900.
  • Page -
    Lije Table for London based on the mortality in the decennium 1891-1900.
    Age.Dying in each year of age.Born and surviving at each age.Population or years of life lived in each year of age.Population or years of life lived in and above each year of age.Expectation of life at each age.
  • Page -
    Lije table for London based on the mortality in the decennium 1891-1900.
    Age.Dying in each year of age.Born and surviving at each age.Population or years of life lived in each year of age.Population or years of life lived in and above each year of age.Expectation of life at each age.
    XdxlxPxQxEx
    075,748490,888444,77822,253,0664533
    125,299415,140402,49121,808,28852.53
    210,536389,841384,57321,405,79754.91
    36,779379,305375,91621,021,22455.42
    44,671372,526370,19120,645,30855.42
    53,212367,855366,24920,275,1175512
    62,249364,643363,51919,908,86854.60
    71,607362,394361,59019,545,34953.93
    81,217360,787360,17819,183,7595317
    9977359,570359,08118,823,58152.35
    10872358,593358,15718,464,50051.49
    11838357,721357,30218,106,34350.62
    12858356,883356,45417,749,04149.73
    13899356,025355,57617,392,58748.85
    14946355,126354,65317,037,01147.97
    15988354,180353,68616,682,35847.10
    161,026353,192352,67916,328,67246.23
    171,046352,166351,64315,975,99345.36
    181,067351,120350,58615,624,35044.50
    191,084350,053349,51115,273,76443.63
    201,110348,969348,41414,924,25342.77
    211,135347,859347,29114,575,83941.90
    221,178346,724346,13514,228,54841.04
    231,233345,546344,93013,882,4134018
    241,302344,313343,66213,537,48339.32
    251,380343,011342,32113,193,82138.46
    261,460341,631340,90112,851,50037.62
    271,548340,171339,39712,510,59936.78
    281,657338,623337,79412,171,20235.94
    291,789336,966336,07111,833,4083512
    301,945335,177334,20411,497,33734.30
    312,117333,232332,17311,163,13333.50
    322,303331,115329,96410,830,96032.71
    332,468328,812327,57810,500,99631.94
    342,632326,344325,02810,173,4183117
    352,779323,712322,3239,848,39030.42
    362,925320,933319,4719,526,06729.68
    373,076318,008316,4709,206,59628.95
    383,201314,932313,3328,890,12628.23
    393,309311,731310,0768,576,79427.51
    403,395308,422306,7248,266,71826.80
    413,473305,027303,2917,959,9942610
    423,553301,554299,7787,656,70325.39
    433,651298,001296,1757,356,9252469
    443,765294,350292,4677,060,75023.99
    453,903290,585288,6336,768,28323.29
    464,047286,682284,6586,479,65022.60
    474,203282,635280,5336,1 94,99221.92
    484,367278,432276,2485,914,45921.24
    494,536274,065271,7975,638,21120.57
    504,715269,529267,1725,366,41419.91
    514,897264,814262,3655,099,24219.26
    525,085259,917257,3744,836,87718.61
    535,279254,832252,1924,579,50317.97
    545,475249,553246,8164,327,31117.34
  • Page -
    Continued from previous page...
    Age. xDying in each year of age. dxBorn and surviving at each age. lxPopulation or years of life lived in each year of age. PxPopulation or years of life lived in and above each year of age. QxExpectation of life at each age. Ex
    555,680244,078241,2384,080,49516.72
    565,891238,398235,4523,839,25716.10
    576,107232,507229,4533,603,80515.50
    586,325226,400223,2383,374,35214.90
    596,540220,075216,8053,151,11414.32
    606,754213,535210,1582,934,30913.74
    616,969206,781203,2962,724,15113.17
    627,187199,812196,2182,520,85512.62
    637,413192,625188,9182,324,63712.07
    647,645185,212181,3892,135,71911.53
    657,880177,567173,6271,954,33011.01
    668,111169,687165,6321,780,70310.49
    678,330161,576157,4111,615,07110.00
    688,533153,246148,9791,457,6609.51
    698,708144,713140,3591,308,6819.04
    708,853136,005131,5781,168,3228.59
    718,954127,152122,6751,036,7448.15
    729,005118,198113,696914,0697.73
    738,999109,193104,693800,3737.33
    748,928100,19495,730695,6806.94
    758,78891,26686,872599,9506.57
    768,57482,47878,191513,0786.22
    778,28873,90469,760434,8875.88
    787,92965,61661,652365,1275.56
    797,50357,68753,936303,4755.26
    807,01550,18446,676249,5394.97
    816,48143,16939,929202,8634.70
    825,90336,68833,737162,9344.44
    835,30330,78528,134129,1974.20
    844,69325,48223,136101,0633.97
    854,08720,78918,74677,9273.75
    863,49916,70214,95359,1813.54
    872,94513,20311,73144,2283.35
    882,43110,2589,04232,4973.17
    891,9697,8276,84223,4553.00
    901,5615,8585,07816,6132.84
    911,2124,2973,69111,5352.68
    929193,0852,6267,8442.54
    936812,1661,8265,2182.41
    944911,4851,2403,3922.28
    953469948212,1522.16
    962376485291,3312.05
    971584113328021.95
    981012532024701.85
    99641521202681.76
    1003988691481.67
    101224938791.59
    102132720411.51
    10371411211.43
    104475101.35
    10513341.26
    10612121.14
    10711110.92
  • Page -
    Table III. Males and Females. Life-table for London based on the mortality in the decennium, 1891-1900.
    Age. xProbability of living one year from each age. PxOf 1,000,000 males born, the number surviving at each age. lxOf 1,000,000 females born, the number surviving at each age. lxOf 1,000,000 of both sexes (509,112 males and 490,888 females) born.
    The number surviving at each age. lxPopulation or years of life lived in and above each year. Qx
    Males.Females.
  • Page -
    Continued from previous page...
    Age. xProbability of living one year from each age. PxOf 1,000,000 males born, the number surviving at each age. lxOf 1,000,000 females born, the number surviving at each age. lxOf 1,000,000 of both sexes (509,112 males and 490,888 females) born.
    The number surviving at each age. lxPopulation or years of life lived in and above each year. Qx
    Males.Females.
  • Page -
    Table I.—Showing the result of exposure of the bacillus typhosus to form ilia vapour.
    Nature of emulsion in which the typhoid bacillus was exposed.Nature of the material on which the emulsion had been placed.Result of culture after exposure.
  • Page -
    The following table II. gives a summary of the results—
    Nature of the emulsion.Nature of the materials.Result of culture after exposure.
  • Page -
    Nature of the emulsion.Nature of the materials.Result of culture after exposure.
  • Page -
    Table IV . shows these results—
    Nature of emulsion of the vibrio.Nature of the materials.Result of culture after exposure.
  • Page -
    The following table Y. shows the summary of the experiment—
    Nature of the emulsion.Nature of materials.Result of culture after exposure.
  • Page -
    The following table shows the result after exposure to formalin as in the previous experiments— Table VII.—Disinfection with formalin of tubercular sputum.
    Nature of the sputum.Nature of the material.Result of experiment.
  • Page -
    Table VIII., General result.—Disinfection with formalin, cubic space 1,344 cubic feet, 30 formalin tablets burnt, time of exposure 5 hours.
    On wood.On cloth.On linen.On paper.
  • Page -
    1.—Bacillus Typhosus. Table IX. gives the summary of the results in two experiments made with this microbe experiment (a), with an emulsion in broth, experiment (6), with an emulsion in separated milk. Table IX.
    Nature of emulsion.Nature of material.Result of culture, after exposure.
  • Page -
    2.—Bacillus Diphtheria. The following table X. shows the result of the three experiments, a, b and c, performed with this microbe.
    Nature of emulsion.Nature of material.Result of culture after exposure.
  • Page -
    3.—Bacillus pyocyaneus. Table XI.—Showing the result of exposure to S02.
    Nature of emulsion.Nature of material.Result of culture after exposure.
  • Page -
    4.—Vibrio cholerœ. Table XII.—Showing the result of exposure to SO2.
    Nature of emulsion.Nature of material.Result of culture after exposure.
  • Page -
    5.—Staphylococcus aureus. Table XIII.
    Nature of emulsion.Nature of material.Result of culture after exposure.
  • Page -
    Table XIV. 6,—Spores of bacillus anthracis.
    Nature of emulsion.Nature of material.Result of culture after exposure.
  • Page -
    7.—Tubercular sputum. The sputum was derived, as in the former case, from a case of pulmonary tuberculosis, and, as microscopic examination proved, was very rich in tubercle bacilli. The table XV. shows the result-
    Nature of microbe.Nature of material.Result of experiment on animal after exposure.
  • Page -
    Table XVI.—Gives a general summary of the experiments made with SO2 exposure 24 hours.
    On wood.On cloth.On linen.On paper.
  • Page -
    The result is shown in the following table XVII.—
    Nature of microbe.Nature of material.Result of culture and experiment after exposure.
  • Page -
    Table XVIII.
    Nature of the microbe.Nature of material.Result of culture and experiment after exposure.
  • Page -
    Table XVIIIa.— Condy's fluid, 5 teaspoonfuls to one pint of water; time of exposure 24 hours.
    Nature of the microbe.Nature of material.Result of culture and experiment after exposure.
  • Page -
    Table XXa.—Bleaching powder, 1 per cent.; time of exposure, 24 hours.
    Nature of microbe.Nature of material.Result of culture and experiment after exposure.
  • Page -
    It is, however, possible to do this in most of the sanitary areas, and in the following table the data relating to these districts have been given for this purpose.
    Metropolitan Boroughs.Enumerated population 1901 (preliminary census).Number of sanitary inspectors.Increase (+) or Decrease (—) in 1901 compared with 1898.Population to each sanitary inspector.
    1898190118981901
  • Page -
    The facts relating to 1898, shown in the table, relate practically to the same area as those for 1901, but the number of sanitary inspectors in 1898 is somewhat understated, as in the case of Greenwich, inasmuch as the duties of one of the inspectors employed by the Lee Board of Works in 1898 related to the whole of the district under the jurisdiction of the Board.
    Metropolitan Boroughs.Areas to which the facts of 1898 relate.Enumerated population 1901 (preliminary census).Number of Sanitary Inspectors.Increase (+) or decrease (—) in 1901 compared with 1898.Population to each sanitary inspector.
    1898190118981901
  • Page -
    Five sanitary inspectors, one temporary sanitary inspector.
  • Page -
    Thirteen sanitary inspectors —
  • Page -
    Eight sanitary inspectors—
  • Page -
    Six sanitary inspectors—
  • Page -
    sanitary inspectors—
  • Page -
    Eleven sanitary inspectors—
  • Page -
    sanitary inspectors—
  • Page -
    Five sanitary inspectors—
  • Page -
    fourteen sanitary inspectors—
  • Page -
    Twenty sanitary inspectors —
  • Page -
    13. (Vacant) £130 per annum. Half repayable by County Council.
  • Page -
    Fourteen sanitary inspectors—
  • Page -
    Five sanitary inspectors who are concerned solely with duties in the public health department—
  • Page -
    Seven sanitary inspectors—
  • Page -
    Seven sanitary inspectors—
  • Page -
    senior inspector of slaughterhouses and meat; and six inspectors—
  • Page -
    Six sanitary inspectors—
  • Page -
    Seventeen sanitary inspectors—
  • Page -
    Male inspectors—
  • Page -
    sanitary inspectors—
  • Page -
    Twelve acting sanitary inspectors, and an inspector who is partly engaged in clerical duties— Half repayable by County Council.
  • Page -
    Nine sanitary inspectors—
  • Page -
    Thirteen sanitary inspectors—
  • Page -
    Twelve sanitary inspectors—
  • Page -
    Five sanitary inspectors—
  • Page -
    sanitary inspectors—
  • Page -
    Six sanitary inspectors—
  • Page -
    Eight sanitary inspectors—
  • Page -
    The stations at present provided are the following—
    Postal district.Postal district.
  • Page -
    " The following table shows the number oi accidents removed by the ambulances in the years " 1891-1899—
    1891-2.1892-3.1893-4.1894-5.1895-6.1896-7.1897-8.1898-9.1899-1900.
  • Page -
    The chief constable who supplies the information states as follows—"The ambulance service is much appreciated in this city and the number of calls is increasing yearly as will be seen from the following table—
    Tear.Calls received.Year.Calls received.
  • Page -
    Towns which have provided or
    Town.Has an emergency ambulance service been established, if so, by whom. 1Whether a horse or hand ambulance service. 2Area which ambulance serves. 3
  • Page -
    possess a horse ambulance service.
    How staffed.Location of ambulance.Means for summoning the ambulance.Expenses.
    4567
  • Page -
    Continued from previous page...
    Town.Has an emergency ambulance service been established, if so, by whom. 1Whether a horse or hand ambulance service. 2Area which ambulance serves. 3
  • Page -
    Towns which do not maintain
  • Page -
    The total number of ambulances in use in the city of New York at the hospitals is 23, distributed as follows—
  • Page -
    Return of accidents known to the police which occurred in the sheets during the year 1899.
    Accidents by which persons were killed.Accidents by which persons were injured.Order in relation to frequency of accidents.
    Police Division.By day.By night.By day.By night.Total.
  • Page -
    The following return has been prepared by the clerk of the Council from information supplied by the hospital authorities and shows the kind of conveyance actually used during a period of four weeks in removing casualty cases to the hospitals —
    pHospital.Walked in.Cabs and carts.Ambulance.Otherwise.Total.
  • Page -
    Guy's hospital.
    Gases of Accident.Cases of Illness.
  • Page -
    London Hospital.
    Accidents.Sudden illness.Fits.Totals.
  • Page -
    HOUSES LET IN LODGINGS. labnlar Statement of Replies from the Medical Officers of Health to the Council's letter of 28th November, 1902, together with other particulars.
    Metropolitan borough.Population (1901).Number of inhabited houses (1901).Tenements (1901).Number of houses now on register.Number newly entered on register during present year.Frequency with which registered houses are inspected.Are the registered houses inspected by special officers, acJ if so how many are employed on this duty and on what other duties, if any, are they engaged ?Number of proceedings instituted under the by-laws before the magistrate during the present year— (a) Concerning cleansing. (b) „ overcrowding. (c) „ other matters.Date when by-laws were confirmed.Whether by-laws contain rent-limits or other exemptionsWhether, and if so what, difficulties have been experienced in the administration of the by-laws in respect of the definition of landlord, rent-limits of exemption or any other matter.Remarks.
    Total number.Less than 5 rooms.
    1234567891011121314
  • Page -
    Metropolitan borough.Population (1901).Number of inhabited houses (1901).Tenements (1901).Number of houses now on register.Number newly entered on register during present year.Frequency with which registered houses are inspected.Are the registered houses inspected by special officers, and if so how many are employed on this duty and on what other duties, if any, are they engaged ?Number of proceedings instituted under the by-laws before the magistrate during the present year— (a) Concerning cleansing. (b) „ overcrowding. (c) „ other matters.Date when by-laws were confirmed.Whether by-laws contain rent-limits or other exemption.Whether, and if so what, difficulties have been experienced in the administration of the by-laws in respect of definition of landlord, rent-limits of exemption or any other matter.Remarks.
    Total number.Less than five rooms.
    1234567891011121314
  • Page -
    Metropolitan borough.Population (1901).Number of inhabited houses (1901).Tenements (1901).Number of houses now on register.Number newly entered on register during present year.Frequency with which registered houses are inspected.Are the registered houses inspected by special officers, and if so how many are employed on this duty and on what other duties, if any, are they engaged ?Number of proceedings instituted under the by-laws before the magistrate during the present year— (a) Concerning cleansing. (b) „ overcrowding, (c) „ other matters.Date when by-laws were confirmed.Whether by-laws contain rent-limits or other exemption.Whether, and if so what, difficulties have been experienced in the administration of the by-laws in respect of definition of landlord, rent-limits of exemption or any other matter.Remarks.
    Total number.Less than five rooms.
  • Page -
    Metropolitan borough.Population (1901).Number of inhabited houses (1901).Tenements (1901).Number of house now on register.Number newly entered on register during present year.Frequency with which registered houses are inspected.Are the registered houses inspected by special officers, and if so how many are employed on this duty and on what other duties, if any, are they engaged ?Number of proceedings instituted under the by-laws before the magistrate during the present year— (a) Concerning cleansing. (b) „ overcrowding. (c) „ other matters.Date when by-laws were confirmed.Whether by-laws contain rent-limits or other exemption.W hether, and if so what, difficulties have been experienced in the administration of the by-laws in respect of definition of landlord, rent-limits of exemption or any other matter.Remarks.
    Total number.Less than 5 rooms.
    1234567891011121314