London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972
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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
London County Council 1901
[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for London County Council]
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9
Metropolitan Boroughs.
Births.
Birth.rate
per 1,000
liviDg.
Births per
100 married
females
aged 15—45.
Shoreditch 4,102 34.7 27.5
Bethnal.green 4,608 35.6 28.4
*Stepney 11,092 37.2 29.4
Poplar 5,820 34.6 28.0
Southwark 6,875 33.4 25.2
Bermondsey 4,459 34.2 27.6
*Lambeth 9,104 30.2 24.0
Battersea 5,016 29.7 22.1
Wandsworth 6,110 26.2 21.5
Camberwell 7,303 28.2 23.2
Deptford 3,397 30.8 23.8
Greenwich 2,782 29.0 24.5
Lewisham 3,299 25.7 21.2
Woolwich 3,536 30.1 22.7
London 131,278 29.0 23.6
Deaths.
The number of deaths in the administrative county of London in 1901 (52 weeks) was
77,6G3, giving an annual death rate of 171 per 1,000 living. The London death rate in successive
periods has been as follows—
| 1841.50 | 24.8 | 1892 | 20.31 | 1898 | 18.41 |
| 1851.60 | 23.7 | 1893 | 21.01 | 1899 | 19.61 |
| 1861.70 | 24.4 | 1894 | 17.41 | 1900 | 18.61 |
| 1871.80 | 22.5 | 1895 | 19.51 | 1901 | 17.11 |
| 1881.90 | 20.5 | 1896 | 18.21 | ||
| 1891. | 21.01 | 1897 | 17.81 |
The death rate in each year since 1840 in relation to the mean death rate of the period
1841.1901 is shown in diagram III.
The following table has been prepared for the purpose of comparing the death rate of
London with those of other English towns having populations which exceeded 200,000 persons
at the census of 1901.
The columns showing ' death rates corrected for age and sex distribution " have been obtained by multiplying the crude death rates by the " factor for correction," t published by the Registrar.General in the Annual Summary for 1901.
| Towns. | Estimated population middle of 1901. | Crude death rate per 1,000 living. | Death rate per 1,000 living (corrected for age and sex distribution). | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1891.1900. | 1901. | 1891.1900. | 1901. | ||
| London | 4,544.983 | 19.62 | 17.62 | 20.9 | 18.8 |
| Manchester | 544,923 | 23.9 | 22.1 | 27.1 | 25.0 |
| Liverpool | 686,454 | 24.5 | 22.3 | 26.9 | 24.5 |
| Birmingham | 523,391 | 20.8 | 20.5 | 23.0 | 22.7 |
| Leeds | 430,575 | 20.2 | 19.3 | 22.4 | 21.4 |
| Sheffield | 382,269 | 20.8 | 20.4 | 23.1 | 22.7 |
| Bristol | 329,990 | 18.3 | 16.0 | 19.0 | 16.6 |
| Nottingham | 240,431 | 18.8 | 18.5 | 20.2 | 19.9 |
| Bradford | 280,163 | 18.9 | 16.8 | 21.5 | 19.1 |
| Hull | 241,753 | 19.6 | 18.6 | 20.6 | 19.5 |
| Salford | 221,563 | 24.0 | 21.7 | 27.0 | 24.4 |
| West Ham | 268,963 | 18.5 | 17.9 | 20.0 | 19.3 |
| Leicester | 212,537 | 18.3 | 15.9 | 19.9 | 17.3 |
| Newcastle | 215,972 | 21.3 | 21.9 | 23.2 | 23.9 |
London had, therefore (comparing the corrected death rates), a lower death rate than any
of these towns in 1901, except Bristol and Leicester, and in the decennium, 1891.1900, a lower
death.rate than that of any, except Bristol, Nottingham, Hull, West Ham and Leicester.
* Lying.in hospitals are situated in these districts.
† These factors are based upon the age and sex constitution of the leepective populations at the census of 1891, as the complete
results of the census of 1901 are not yet available. The correction for aee and sex must therefore be regarded as approximate only.
1 These death rates are fully corrected for institutions, i.e., by the exclusion of deaths of persona not belonging to but occurring
in institutions situated within London, and by the inclusion of deaths of persons belonging to but occurring in London institutions
situated outside the administrative county.
2 Including deaths of Londoners in the Metropolitan Workhouses, Hospitals and Lunatic Asylums, situated outside Registration
London, but excluding deaths of persons not belonging to London occurring in the Highgate Smallpox Hospital, in the London Fever
Hospital, in the Middlesex County Lunatic Asylum at Wandsworth, and in the Metropolitan Asylums Board's Hospitals within
Kegistration London.
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