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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

Holborn 1931

[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Holborn Borough]

Published
1932
Pages
112
Tables
85

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85 tables in this report

  • Page 11
    Vital Statistics, 1931. England and Wales, London and Holborn.
    Annual Rates per 1,000 living.Deaths under 1 year to 1,000 Births.
    Births.Deaths.
  • Page 12
    The following is the corrected number of births and the corrected birth-rates for the year 1931: —
    Year.Total Births.Legitimate Births.Illegitimate Births.
    No.Rate per 1,000 of Population.No.Rate per 1,000 of population.Proportion per 1,000 total Registered BirthsNo.Rate per 1,000 of population.Proportion per 1,000 total Registered Births.
  • Page 12
    Of these deaths the following occurred in Public Institutions, etc., within the area of the Borough: —
    Institution.Residents.Non-Residents.
    St. Giles and Bloomsbury,Holborn.St. Giles and Bloomsbury.Holborn.
  • Page 13
    Corrected Deaths and Death-Rates, 1931, compared with 1930.
    Year.Total Deaths at all ages registered in District.Deaths in Public Institutions in District.Deaths of nonresidents of Borough registered in District.Deaths of residents registered beyond the District.Nett Deaths at all ages.Death Rate for BoroughDeath Rate Registration London.
  • Page 13
    Infantile Mortality. The number of deaths of children under one year of age, and the number of deaths of children under one year of age per 1,000 corrected births, were the following:—
    Year.Deaths under 1 year of age.Deaths under 1 year per 1000 corrected legitimate Births.Deaths under 1 year per 1000 corrected illegitimate Births.Deaths under 1 year per 1000 corrected Births.London.
    Deaths under 1 year per 1000 Births.
  • Page 13
    Death-rate per 1,000 corrected births in 1931 and ini ten preceding years.
    1921192219231924192519261927192819291930Avge. 1921-301931
  • Page 16
    Sanitary Inspectors' and Health Visitors' Work Year, 1931.
    Mr. BennettMr. ClarkMr. LarardMiss Charles-worthMiss StockwellTotal
  • Page 17
    Continued from previous page...
    Mr. BennettMr. ClarkMr. LarardMiss Charles-worthMiss StockwellTotal
  • Page 18
    The following table shows the work done to abate nuisances for which intimation notices were served : —
    Water Supply—Houses.Factories, Workshops and Workplaces.
  • Page 20
    Rats and Mice (Destruction) Act, 1919. Summary of conditions found on inspections, action taken and results obtained.
    WARD.Number of premises inspected.Number rat infested.Action for Rat Repression.RESULT.
    Traps.Poisons.Rat catchers.Dogs.Cats.Proofing
  • Page 22
    No fewer than 152 different industries are carried on in these workshops, among the principal being the following :—
    No. of Workshops employing
    Men only.Women only.Both Sexes.Total.
  • Page 23
    The following is a summary in tabular form of the work done by the Inspectors in factories, workshops and workplaces in the year 1931: —
    Mr. Bennett.Mr. ClarkMr. Lar&rd.Miss Charles-worth.Total.
  • Page 23
    Notices served.
    Mr. Bennett.Mr. Clark.Mr. Larard.Miss Charles-worth.Total.
  • Page 26
    Ward.No. of Lodgers for which licensed.Total.
    Males.Females.
  • Page 30
    I received information from the Borough Engineer respecting 93 applications from street traders for annual licences to sell various articles of food as follows: —
  • Page 31
    Ice cream is manufactured in the Italian colony as follows :—
    Mr. Bennett's District.Mr. Clark's District.Mr. Larard's District.
  • Page 32
    The following summary shows the number of butchers' shops and meat stalls in the Borough, and the number of other shops where meat is sold:—
  • Page 33
    The number of such places on the register at the end of the year was as follows: —
  • Page 33
    Unsound Food. The following unsound food was condemned during tho year 1931 :—
    Commodity.Quantity.Condition.Result of Action taken.
  • Page 34
    Articles Analysed. formal samples.
    Article.Number PurchasedResult of AnalysesProceedings taken.Convictions.Fines and Costs.
    Genuine. |Adulterated.
  • Page 35
    Continued from previous page...
    ARTICLE.Number Purchased.Result of Analyses.Proceedings taken.Convictions.Fines and Costs
    Genuine.Adulterated.
  • Page 36
    Informal Samples.
    Article.Number Taken.Result of Analyses.
    Oenuine. | Adulterated.
  • Page 37
    Hard Cheeses.
  • Page 39
    Monthly Variation of Chemical Composition of Milk.
    Number of Samples examined.Total Solids. Per cent, average.Solids Non-fat. Per cent, average.Fat. Per cent, average.
  • Page 41
    PREVALENCE OF AND CONTROL OVER INFECTIOUS DISEASES.
    1951.1922.1923.1924.1925.1926.1927.192a1929.1950Yearly average 1921-1930
  • Page 42
    The decrease is accounted for by the lesser number of notifications received of the following diseases: —
  • Page 42
    Chicken-pox 2
  • Page 43
    Vaccination.
    Total Number of BirthsVaccinatedDied before VaccinationCons. ObjectorsInsusceptiblePostponed by Medical CeitificateRemoved. No information as to VaccinationTemporarily unaccounted for
  • Page 43
    The remainder are accounted for as follows: —
  • Page 44
    Age at Notification of 69 Notified Cases of Diphtheria.
  • Page 45
    Secondary clinical cases were nine in number; details follow: —
    Primary CaseAgeDate notifiedSecondary CaseAgeDate notifiedRemarks e.g. Character of Premises
  • Page 45
    Diphtheria in Hospitals.
    Hospital.Cases Notified.Disease Notified asHolborn Cases.Non-Holborn Cases.Total.
    Staff.Inpatients.Clinical.Carrier.
  • Page 46
    Contacts swabbed. Poaitiv Results. Contacts positive.
  • Page 47
    TABLE I. HOLBORN MUNICIPAL INFANT WELFARE CENTRE, 1922-1931. Summary of Work Done.
    Ages.6 to 12 months1 to 2 years2 to 3 years3 to 4 years4 to 5 years5 to 6 years6 to 7 years7 to 8 years8 to 9 years9 to 10 years10 to 11 years11 to 12 years12 to 13 years13 to 14 years14 to 15 yearsAdults 15 and above years
  • Page 48
    TABLE II. HOLBORN MUNICIPAL INFANT WELFARE CENTRE. schick Test and Diphtheria Immunisation.:— Ten years, 1922-31.
    ABCResult op Test. DEImmunisation of Positives. F GHlJ
    Total number of individuals who attended clinicTotal testedTotal immunised without pre. liminary Schick testPositive.Nega- tiveNot read.Found NEGATIVE to Ke Schick Test afterFound NEGATIVE to Re Schick Test afterFirst immunised with T A. F. and found NEGATIVE to Ke Schick afterFound POSITIVE to Re Schick Test after 3 ccm T. A. M or with T.A.F.Total Re Schick testedGiven 3 ccm T.A.M. or with T.A.F. Not retested.Given 1 ccm not yet retested.Failed to complete 3 inoculatns.Inoculatns. not begun.Inoculatns still in progress.
    1 com T.A.M.2 ccm T. A.M.3 ccm T.A.M. or with T.A.F.4 ccm T.A.M.5 ccm T.a.m.6 ccm T.A.M.8 ccm T. A. M.Further doses of T.A.F.3 ccm T.A.M.Given further inoculation but not yet retested.No further inoculation given.
    ChildrenAdultsCACACACACACACACACACACACACACACACACACACACACACA
  • Page 50
    Less Diphtheria in Holborn than in London. The following table shows the diphtheria notification rates in England and Wales, London, and Holborn during the nine years 1922-30. As the Schick test and immunisation against diphtheria were started in Holborn in the early part of 1922 the figures are of interest:— Diphtheria—Notification rate per 1,000 population.
    England and WalesLondonHolborn
  • Page 51
    The total notifications received up to the end of 1931 are classified as:—
  • Page 52
    Age and Sex Distribution of notified cases.
    Sex
    Age in years.M.F.Total.
  • Page 53
    There was no evidence of legal overcrowding in any of the houses; this standard is notably low however. The sleeping arrangements are given in the following table:— Sleeping Arrangements—79 Cases of Notified Rheumatism *
    No. of Rheumatic ChildrenSeparate RoomSeparate Bed in Living RoomSeparate Bed in Room shared withBed shared withBed shared in living room with
    AdultsChildrenAdults and ChildrenAdultsChildrenAdults and ChildrenChildAdults a.nd Children
  • Page 55
    The following table gives particulars of the cases notified in Holborn:—
    Case.Age.Sex.Occupation.Date of Notification.Notified as.Nature of Laboratory Examination.Final Diagnosis.Where treated.Contracted in Borough.Probable Source of Disease.
  • Page 56
    The following table gives information up to the end of 1931 respecting the 13 real cases of encephalitis lethargica notified in the Borough since the Public Health (Encephalitis Lethargica) Regulations came into force on the 1st January, 1919:—
    Date of NotificationPatient.Sex.Age when notified.Subsequent History.
  • Page 59
    Bacteriological Work. The following table gives details of the examinations made during the year:—
    DiphtheriaPulmonary Tuberculosis
    Number SubmittedResult of ExaminationNumber SubmittedResult of Examination
  • Page 61
    Tuberculosis. Summary of Notifications and Deaths. The following table gives the number of new cases of tuberculosis and deaths from the disease in the Borough during 1931 in the form required by the Ministry of Health:—
    Age periods.New Cases.Death
    Pulmonary.Non-pulmonary.Pulmonary.Non-pulmonary.
  • Page 63
    Public Health (Tuberculosis) Regulations, 1930. Summary of Notifications during the period from the 28th December, 1930, to the 2nd January, 1932, in the Metropolitan Borough of Holborn.
    Age-periods.Number of Primary Notifications of new cases of Tuberculosis.Total Notifications.
    0-1-5-10-15-20-25-35-45-65-65-Total (all ages).
  • Page 63
    Supplemental Return. New cases of tuberculosis coming to the knowledge of the Medical Officer of Health during the above-mentioned period, otherwise than by formal notification:—
    Age-periods.0—l—6-10—16—20—25—35-45-55—65—Total.
  • Page 64
    The source or sources from which inf6rmation as to the above-mentioned cases was obtained are stated below:—
    Source of InformationNo. of Cases.
    PulmonaryNon -Pulmonary
  • Page 64
    Notification Register.
    PulmonaryNon-pulmonaryTotal Cases
    MalesFemalesTotalMalesFemalesTotal
  • Page 65
    The following is a summary of the information in the 60 cases above referred to:— Patient slept in—
  • Page 65
    Classification of Homes. The classification of homes as suggested by the London County Council has been reported on as far as practicable with the following results:—
  • Page 65
    Summary. The following summary gives the position at the end of 1931 of the 88 new cases respecting which information was received during the year:—
  • Page 66
    The following indicates the reasons for non-attendance in the remaining cases:—
  • Page 67
    Tho following table shows whether the patients died in their own homes or institutions:— Showing (he number of Patients who died in their own homes and the number who died away from home in Hospitals or other Institutions.
    All Agea
    •0-1-510-15-20_25-35-45-55-65-Males.FemalesTotal.
  • Page 68
    Tuberculosis Dispensary. The following is the Repcrt of the Tuberculosis Officer, J. A. Struthers, M.D.,B.Ch., M.R.C.P., D.P.H.. for the year 1931:— Return showing the work of the Dispensary during the year 1931.
    Diagnosis.Pulmonary.Non-Pulmonary.Total.
    Adults.Children.Adults.Children.Adults.Children.
    M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.
  • Page 70 71
    Pulmonary Tuberculosis Supplementary Annual Return showing in summary Form (a) the condition at the end of 1931 all Patients remaining on the Dispensary Register; and (b) the reasons for the removal of all cases written off the Register. The Table is arranged according to the years in which the Patients (?) entered on the Dispensary Register as definite cases of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and their classification at that time.
    Condition at the time of the last record made during the year to which the Return relates.Previous to 1926.1926.1927.1928.1929.1930.1931.
    Class T.B. minus.Class T.B. plus.Class T.B. minusClass T.B. plus.Class T.B. minus.Class T.B. plus.Class T.B. plus.Class T.B. minus.Class T. B. plus.Class T.B. minus.Class T.B. plus.Class T. B. minus.Class T.B. plus.
    Group 1.Group 2.Group 3.Total (Class T.B. plus).Group 1.Group 2.Group 3.Total (Class T.B. plus).Group 1.Group 2.Group 3.Total (Class)Group 1.Group 2.Group 3.Total (Class T.B. plus).Group 1.Group 2.Group 3.Total (Class T.B. plus).Group 1.Group 2.Group 3.Total (Class T.B. plus).Group 1.Group 2.Group 3.Total (Class T.B. plus).
  • Page 72 73
    Non-Pulmonary Tuberculosis Supplementary Annual Return showing in summary form (a) the condition at the end of 1931 all Patients remaining on the Dispensary Register; and (b) the reasons for the removal of all cases written on the .Register.
    Condition at the time of the last record made during the year to which the Return relates.Previous to 1926.1926.1927.1928.1929.1930.1931.
    Bones and Joints.Abdominal.Other Organs.Peripheral Glands.Total.Boned and Joints.Abdominal.Other Organs.Peripheral Glands.Total.Bones and Joints.Abdominal.Other Organs.Peripheral Glands.Bones and Joints.Abdominal.Other Organs.Peripheral Glands.Total.Bones and Joints.Abdominal.Other Organs.Peripheral Glands.Total.Bones and Joints.Abdominal.Other Organs.Peripheral Glands.Total.Bones and Joints.Abdominal.Other Organs.Peripheral GlandsTotal.
  • Page 77
    The following table is an indication of the home conditions of 333 mothers in relation to their confinement: —
    Living in:—Confined at home.Confined in hospital.
    No.Percentage of Total Births.No.Percentage of Total Births
  • Page 78
    Home Visiting. The visits paid to the homes by the Health Visitors during the year were as follows:—
    First Visits.Revisits.Total.
  • Page 78
    Work at Centres. Hol,born Centre, 10, John Street. The following is an analysis of the attendance at this Municipal Centre:
  • Page 79
    The attendances at this Branch Centre during the year 1931, were as follows: —
    Monday* 2—4.30 p.mThursday Medical Consultation 2—4.30 p.m.
  • Page 82
    Maternal and Infant Consultations The following summary refers to maternal and infant consultations at 10, John Street and Short's Gardens Centres during the year 1931: —
    Reasons for attendance.10, John Street.Short's Gardens
  • Page 83
    Mothers and children attending the Municipal Centres during 1931 were referred to other departments or organisations as follows:—
    Mothers.Children.
  • Page 83
    Breast Massage. The following summary gives particulars of mothers referred for breast massage in 1931:-
    John Street.Short's Gardens.
  • Page 85
    Dental Treatment. The following is a summary of the work during 1931 at the Council's Dental Clinic, No. 10, John Street, open on Thursday afternoons for nursing or expectant mothers, and children under five years of age:—
    Women.Children.Total.
  • Page 86
    At the end of the year 1931, 103 applicants were receiving assistance, viz:
    Mothers.Children.Total
  • Page 86
    The following table shows in detail how the 133 new applicants were assisted in 1931:—
    Milk.Prepared Milk.
    Free.Part Cost.Free.Part Cost.
  • Page 87
    Nine children between the ages of one and five years died from the following causes:—
    Cause of Death.Ages.Total 1—5
    1—22—33-44-5
    M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.Both Sexes
  • Page 88
    The causes of and age at death are given in the following Table:—
    Cause of DeathUnder 1 Week1-2 Weeks2-3 Week3-4 WeeksTotal under 4 Weeks4 Weeks and under 3 Months3-6 Months6-9 Months9-12MonthsTotal under 1 Year
    MFMFMFMFMFBoth sexesMFMFMFMFMFBoth sexes
  • Page 88
    Net births registered during the calendar year.
    MalesFemalesBoth sexes
  • Page 88
    Net deaths registered during the calendar year.
    MalesFemalesBoth sexes
  • Page 89
    Puerperal Fever and Puerperal Pyrexia.
    No.InitialsDate of NotificationPrimipara or MultiparaAnte-natal CareBirth occurred inOnset subsequent toRecoveryRemarks
    Patient's HomeInstitution
  • Page 90
    One Case not Notified in accordance with the Public Health (Ophthalmia Neonatorum) Regulations. Extern Department, Hospital
  • Page 90
    Seven Cases Notified in Accordance with the Public Health (Ophthalmia Neonatorum) Regulations, Birth Notified by. Extern Department, Hospital Extern Department, Hospital Extern Department, Hospital Extern Department, Hospital Doctor, Private Practice Extern Department, Hospital Extern Department, Hospital
    Case Number.Age when Notified.Age at OnsetBy whom Notified.Type of Disease on Health Visitor's first callWhere Treated.Medical Attendence and NursingResultBirth Notified by.
  • Page 93
    Nursing Arrangements.
  • Page 96
    Routine Medical Examination of Elementary School Children in Holborn in 1931.
    Age Group.Number examined.Clothing and Boots.Nutrition.Cleanliness of head.Condition of Teeth.Vision.
    Good.Fairpoor.Good.Average.Below normalBad.Clean.Nits.Pediculi.All soundLess than four decayed.Four or more decated.6/6 in both eyes6/9 in either eye.6/12 or worse in either eye.
  • Page 97
    Medical Routine Examination of Elementary School Children in Holborn in 1931
    Defect.Boys.Girl
    EntrantsAge 8Age 12Age 14EntrantsAge 8Age 12Age 14
  • Page 102
    APPENDIX. TABLE I. Vital Statistics of Whole District during 1931 and Ten Previous Years.
    YearPopulation estimated to Middle of each Year.Un-corrected NumberNotNumberRateof Non residents registered in the Dictrictof Resi-dents not registered in the DistrictNumberRate per 1,000 BirthsNumberRate
    NumberRate
  • Page 103
    TABLE II. Causes of, and Ages at, Death, 1931.
    Causes ok Death.NET DEATHS AT THE SUBJOINED AGES OF "RESIDENTS," whether occurring within or without the Borough.Total Deaths whether of "Residents " or "Non-Residents" in Institutions in the Borough.
    All Ages.Under 1 year.1 and under 2 years.2 and under 5 years.5 and under 15 years.15 and under 25 years.25 and under] 45 years.45 and under 65 years.65 and under 75 years.75 and upwards.
  • Page 104
    TABLE III. Cases of Infectious Disease notified during the year 1931.
    Disease.TotalUnder 11 to 22 to 33 to 44 to 56 to 1010 to 1515 to 2020 to 3535 to 4545 to 6565 upTotal Death
  • Page 105
    TABLE IV. Infectious Diseases in Holborn for the last Eleven Years.
    NOTIFICATIONSDEATHS
    Decennial Average, 1921-1930Tear 1931Decennial Average, 1921-1930Year 1931
    NumberRate per 1,000London KateNumberRate per 1,000London RateNumberRate per 1,000London KateNumberRate per 1,000London Rate
  • Page 107
    TABLE VI.
    PREMISES.Number of
    Inspections.Written Notices.Prosecutions.
    Intimations.Statutory.
  • Page 108
    TABLE VI —continued. 3.—HOME WORK.
    NATURE OF WORK.Outworkers' Lists, Section 107.Outwork in Unwhole-some Premises, Section 108.Outwork in Infected Premises. Sections 109, 110.
    Lists received from Employers.Notices served on occupiers as to keeping or sending lists.Prosecutions.Instances.Notices served.Prosecutions.Instances.Orders made (S. 110).Prosecutions (Sections 109, 110)
    Sending twice in the year.Sending once in the year.Failing to keep or permit inspection of lists.Failing to send lists.
    Lists.Outworkers.Lists.Outworkers.
    Contractors.Work-men.Contractors.Workmen.
  • Page 109
    TABLE VI.—continued.
  • Page 110
    TABLE VII.
    1930.Air Temperature.Bright Sunshin.Rain and other forms of Precipitation.
    Mean of—Mean of A. & B.Difference from Average.*Daily Mean.Difference from Average.*Per cent, of possible.Total Fall.Difference from Average.*
    A. B.
    Maximum.Minimum.
  • Page 111
    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
    Date.Name.Address.Offence.Result.
  • Page 111
    Public Health (Preservatives, etc., in Food) Regulations.
    Date,Name.Address.Offence.Result.