Report on the public health of Finsbury 1904 including annual report on factories and workshops

Page 12

The numbers of the population, of each sex and at various ages (at the Census, 1901), was as follows:—

	Totals at all ages.	Under 5.	5-14.	15-19.	20-54.	55-75.	Above 75.

Page 12

Births. —The total number of births registered in the district during 1904 was 3,603, as follows:—

Sub-registration District.	Total Births.	Rate per 1,000 of the Popula tion in 1904.

Page 13

The birth rates of Finsbury (in sub-registration districts) since the Borough was formed have been as follows:—

	The Borough.	North Clerkenwell.	South Clerkenwell.	Finsbury.	St. Sepulchre.

Page 14

The death rates in the Borough since its formation may be stated as follows:—

	The Borough.	North Clerkenwell.	South Clerkenwell.	Finsbury.	St. Sepulchre.

Page 15

It will be seen that the number of deaths of Fin s bnry persons in institutions has slightly increased as follows :—

	Total Deaths.	Deaths in Public Institutions.	Percentage of Deaths in Public Institutions.

Page 17

The following Table records the deaths from all causes at subjoined ages, with the census population at each age period:—

Deaths from All Causes at Subjoined Ages, 1901-1904
	At all Ages.	Under 1 Year.	1 and under 5.	5 and under 15.	15 and under 25.	25 and under 65.	65 and upwards.	Total Death Rate.

Page 18

The distribution in the Borough of the deaths of infants may be set out as follows:—

Districts.	Deaths of Infants under 1 year of age.	Infant mortality rates per 1,000 births

Page 19

The infant mortality rates for each division of the Borough and also for the Borough itself, since its formation may therefore, he set forth as follows: —

	The Borough.		North Clerkenwell.		South Clerkenwell.		Finsbury (St. Luke).		St. Sepulchre.
	No. of Infant Deaths	Infant Mortality	No. of Infant Deaths	Infant Mortality	No. of Infant Deaths	Infant Mortality	No of Infant Deaths	Infant Mortality	No. of Infant Deaths	Infant Mortality

Page 19

As regards age distribution of infants' deaths, as a general rule it may be said that they diminish from the first month onwards to the twelfth. The following table gives the age incidence for 1904:—

Months.	0-	1—	2—	3—	4-	5—	6—	7-	8-	9-	10-	11-	Totals

Page 20

Turning now to the causes of death in these infants, we find the record is as follows:—

Causes of Death.	Diarrhoea.	Prematurity.	Marasmus.	Bronchitis.	Pneumonia.	Convulsions.	Suffocated in Bed.	Measles.	Whooping Cough.	Accidents.	Tuberculosis.	Diphtheria, Ery-sipelas Croup.	Miscellaneous.	Totals.

Page 20

The deaths of persons aged ( 65 years and over were as follows:—

Page 21

The claims of death at the two extremes of life, and t h e effect of season, are shown in the following table of total deaths, intra-parochi a l and extra-p a roc h ial:—

	Jan-March)	April-June	July-Sept	Oct-Dec	Total

Page 21

The deaths from Zymotic Disease occurring in the Bo rough (intra -parochial and extr a -parochial) during the year numbered 282 and were caused as follows: —

	Small-pox	Scarlet Fever	Diphtheria and Membranous Croup	Enteric Fever	Puerperal Fever	Erysipelas	Measles	Whooping Cough	Diarrhoea	Total

Page 23

Finsbury, 1903 and 1904. Death Rates from all and Certain Causes in Houses or Tenements of several sizes.

Size of Tenements.	Census Population, 1901.	All Causes.		Zymotics.		Phthisis.		Respiratory Disease (excluding Phthisis).
Size of Tenements.	Census Population, 1901.	Death rate per 1000. 1903.	Death rate per 1000. 1904.	Death rate per 1000. 1903.	Death rate per 1000. 1904.	Death rate per 1000. 1903.	Death rate per 1000. 1904.	Death rate per 1000. 1903.	Death rate per 1000. 1904.

Page 28

The incidence of Small-pox, since the Borough's formation, is shown in the following table:—

	No. of Cases per 10,000 of population.	No. of Deaths per 10,000 of population.	Case-mortality. No. of Deaths per 100 cases notified.

Page 36

The cases of small-pox we have had in 1904 in Finsbury are therefore as follows:—

No.	Address.	Sex and Age.		Date of Eruption.	Date of Removal to Small-pox Hospital.	Vaccinated in Infancy	Vaccd. during the last 10 years	Unvaccinated.	Result.

Page 38

The age incidence of Diphtheria and its mortality for 1904 was as follows:—

Ages in Years		Under 1 year	1-5	5-15	15-20	20-30	30-40	40-	Totals

Page 38

The following table shows the seasonal occurrence of the cases of diphtheria notified to us in 1904:—

Months	Jan.	Feb.	Mar.	April.	May.	June	July.	Aug.	Sept.	Oct.	Nov.	Dec

Page 39

The incidence of Diphtheria, since the Borough's formation, is shown in the following table:—

	No. of Cases per 10,000 of Population.	No. of Deaths per 10,000 of Population.	Case Mortality. No. of Deaths per 100 Cases notified.

Page 44

SCARLET FEVER. The total number of notifications received during the year for Scarlet Fever was 323, as against last year's 283, and 381 in 1902. The age and sex incidence was as follows:—

Ages.	0-	1-	5-	10-	15-	20-	30-40	Total

Page 47

Seventeen deaths yield a Scarlet Fever death rate of 0.17 per 1,000. The comparative figures for the last eight year are as follows;-

Years	Number of Cases notified	Number of Deaths	Death Rate per 1,000

Page -

Seventeen deaths yield a Scarlet Fever death rate of 0.17 per 1,000. The comparative figures for the last eight years are as follows:—

Years	Number of Cases notified	Number of Deaths	Death Rate per 1.000

Page -

The incidence of Scarlet Fever, since the Borough's formation, is shown in the following table:—

	No. of Cases per 10,000 of population.	No of Deaths per 10,000 of population.	Case Mortality. No. of Deaths por 100 cases notified.

Page 50

The age distribution of the cases was as follows :—

Ages	Under 5	5-15	1 5-30	Above 30	Totals

Page 51

The incidence of Small-pox, since the Borough's formation, is shown in the following table:—

	No. of Cases Per 10,000 of Population.	No. of Deaths per 10,000 of Population.	Case Mortality. No. of Deaths per 100 Cases notified.

Page 53

Information of cases received from the sources as follows :

	1904.	1903.

Page 53

The age and sex incidence of the cases intimated was as follows:—

	Under 1 year.	1—5.	5—10.	10—15.	15-	Total.

Page 55

During 1904 there were 145 deal lis attributed to this disease, 116 of these cases being infants under one year of age. This gives a death rate for Epidemic Diarrhoea of 1.46 per 1,000.

Years.	Finsbury Epidemic Diarrhcpa, Death Rate.	London Death Rate.

Page 56

Deaths of Infants from all Causes—Third Quarter.

Months.	0-	1-	2-	3-	4-	5-	6-	7-	8-	9-	lO-	11-	12-	Total.

Page 58

These facts may be presented in tabular form as follows :

Third Quarter Year.	No. of Infant Deaths from Epidemic Diarrhcee.	Mean Max. Temp.	Rainfall.

Page 59

The facts concerning the relationship between seasonal conditions and diarrhoeal deaths in the summer quarter of the present year (1904) may be tabulated as follows :—

Summer Quarter, 1904.	July.				August.					September. 1

Page 61

The results of the enquiry into the conditions of life of the 465 infant deaths (out of 522) from all causes of death, may be set out in the following table :—

Age in months.	Human Milk.	Artificial or Condensed Milk.	Human and Artificial Milk.	Cows Milk (Bottle).	Human and Cows' Milk.	Total.	One room.	Two rooms.	Three rooms.	Four rooms.

Page 64

In 1901 there were 70 notifications; in 1902, 121; in 1903, 219; and in 1904, 210, as follows:-

Notified Cases.	Under 10 years.	10—	20—	30—	40—	50—	60—	Total.

Page 66

Deaths from Phthisis. —The total deaths due to Consumption in 1904 were 251, as compared with 238 in 1903. The death rate for the year is therefore 2.5 per 1,000, which is about the average rate for the last five years:—

Deaths	0—	10—	20—	30—	40—	50—	60—	Total

Page 67

The following table sets out the comparative death rates since 1896:—

Year	0—10	10—20	20—30	30—40	40—50	50—60	60—70	Totals	Death rates

Page 68

To measure this incidence accurately it is necessary to state the deaths per 10,000 of the population at each age period as follows:—

SEX.	No. of Cases per 10,000 of the Population at certain age periods.
SEX.	0-10.	10-20.	20-30.	30-40.	40-50.	50-60	60 and upwards.	Totals.

Page 69

The incidence of Phthisis since the Borough's formation, therefore, may be shown as follows:—

	Number of Cases notified pep 10,000 of Population. (Voluntary notification).	Number of Deaths per 10,000 of Population.

Page 70

The number of cases of phthisis occurring in houses where other persons had been notified as suffering from, or had died from the disease, was as follows:—

	Number of previous cases of Phthisis notified in former years, or having died in same house.					Totals.
	One.	Two.	Three.	Four.	Five.	Totals.

Page 74 75

An investigation has been made into all the infant deaths (26) due to this disease, and in 21 cases some particulars have been obtained, of which the following are the chief:— Condition of Home and General Remarks.[/###] — Mother weakly. — — Mother weakly. History of lung disease in family. — — Clean and airy rooms. Great poverty. Great poverty. Parents healthy, but child's uncle died of Phthisis. Fairly clean room. Rooms dirty. "Two other children died of consumption." Mother has "weak chest." Fairly clean. Clean, but ill-ventilated. Parents intemperate; children neglected. Clean and airy rooms. Dirty and ill-ventilated. Man's first wife and one child died of consumption. History of lung disease in family.

Sex and Age.	M., 7 mos.	M., 11 mos.	M., 8 mos.	M., 4 mos.	M., 11 mos.	M., 10 mos.	M., 11 mos.	F., 7 mos.	F., 3 mos.	F., 7 mos.	F., 5 mos.	M., 4 mos.	M., 4 mos.	M., 7 mos.	F., 9 mos.	F., 8 mos.	M., 4 mos.	M., 4 mos.	M., 11 mos.	M., 6 mos.	M., 10 mos.

Page 76

There were 79 deaths certified during 1904 as due to cancerous or malignant disease, which gives a special death rate of 0.79 per 1,000. The age and sex incidence of these deaths was as follows:—

Ages	Under 10 years	10 and under 20	20 and under 30	30 and under 40	40 and under 50	50 and under 60	60 and under 70	70 and upwards	Total

Page 77

The parts of the body mainly affected with Cancerous Disease were as follows:—

Cancer and Malignant Disease of various parts of the body.	1901	1902.	1903.	1904.	Totals.

Page 78

The figures are as follows:—

Years.	Alcoholism.	Cirrhosis of Liver.	Total.

Page 82

Percentage of Infants at several Ages Fed in Different Ways.

Age in Months.	Causes of Death and Survivors.	Condensed Milk.	Human and Condensed.	Cow's Milk.	Human and Cow's.	Total Artificial.	Human Milk.	Totals.

Page 90

TABLE OF MEAT PROSECUTIONS, &c., 1904.

Date of Trial.	Name and Address.	Article.	Where seized and Name of Inspector.	Penalty and Costs inflicted.

Page 91

Continued from previous page...

Date of Trial.	Name and Address.	Article.	Where seized and Name of Inspector.	Penalty and Costs inflicted.

Page 92

Continued from previous page...

Date of Trial.	Name and Address.	Article.	Where seized and Name of Inspector.	Penalty and Costs inflicted.

Page 93

Continued from previous page...

Date of Trial.	Name and Address.	Article.	Where seized and Name of Inspector.	Penalty and Costs inflicted.

Page 94

Continued from previous page...

Date of Trial.	Name and Address.	Article.	Where seized and Name of Inspector.	Penalty and Costs inflicted.

Page 95

Continued from previous page...

Date of Trial.	Name and Address.	Article	Where seized and Name of Inspector.	Penalty and Costs inflicted.

Page 105

Inspection of Cowsheds.—I have this year paid further attention to the cowsheds still existing in the Borough. They are as follows:—

No.	Name of Occupier.	Situation o! Premises.	Actual No. of Cows.	Licensed No. of Cows.

Page 106

The following Table shows the results obtained during the last ten years:—

	No of Samples Analysed.	No. of Samples Adulterated.		Added Water.					Percentage of Watered Milks in Samples Analysed.	Removal of Fat.					Percentage of Milks with fat removed on Samples Analysed.
	No of Samples Analysed.	No. of Samples Adulterated.	Percentage of Adulterated Samples.	Under 5%	5% or over.	10% or over.	15% or over.	20% or over.	Percentage of Watered Milks in Samples Analysed.	Under 5%	5% or over.	10% or over.	15% or over.	20% or over.	Percentage of Milks with fat removed on Samples Analysed.

Page 107

* During the existence of the Borough Council (1901-1904) there have been prosecutions for milk adulterations resulting in convictions and penalties as follows:— MILK.

Year.	No. of Convictions.	Fines amounting to.	Costs amounting to.

Page 108

The Annual Report of the Local Government Board for 1903-1904 gives the returns for London, as follows:—

Metropolitan Borough.	No. of milks examined.	No. found to be adulterated.	Percentage ofadulterations.

Page 109

The comparative figures for 1903 (the most recent obtainable) work out as follows :—

	Percentage of Milk Adulteration.

Page 109

The percentages of adulteration for every five years since 1877 for England and Wales may also be added for comparative purposes:—

No. of Samples in 1903.		Percentage of Adulteration in
No. of Samples in 1903.		1903.	1902.	Quinquennium.
Examined	Found Adulterated			Quinquennium.
Examined	Found Adulterated			1897. 01.	1892.96.	1887.91.	1882-86.	1877-81.

Page 110

The samples collected were as follows :—

	Samples taken.	Adulte rated.		Samples taken.	Adulte-rated.

Page 119

Various degrees of modification were made with the average milk supplied by Mr. Carson's herd, and the above were found on analysis to yield desirable milks, and approximately comparable to human milk:—

Page 119

These three modifications are used as follows:—

Page 128

The state of affairs existent at the time of condemnation may be set forth as follows:—

Five Years, 1895—1899.	Houses.	Population.	Death Rate per 1,000.	Deaths of Children under 5 years. Percentage on Total Deaths.

Page 129

The Insanitary Areas in Finsbury under the London County Council. (Housing of the Working Classes Act , 1890. Part I.)

Area.	Date of Representation.	Date of Enquiry.	No. of Houses at time of Scheme.	No. of Population at time of Scheme.	No. of Dwelling Houses Closed in each year.						Present position.
Area.	Date of Representation.	Date of Enquiry.	No. of Houses at time of Scheme.	No. of Population at time of Scheme.	1900.	1901.	1902.	1903.	1904.	Total No. Closed.	No. of Houses still Standing.	No. of Dwelling houses Closed or Empty, but not demolished.	No. of Houses Demolished.	Approximate population now resident.	Approximate population displaced from beginning of Scheme to the present time.

Page 130

Dwelling-Houses Occupied at end of each Year.

	1899.	1900.	1901.	1902.	1903.	1904.

Page 131

The figures for 1899, 1902, 1903 and 1904 are correct, and the result of actual enumeration of persons on the area at those dates, but the figures for 1900 and 1901 are estimated:—

Areas.	Population on Areas 1
Areas.	1899.	1900.	1901.	1902.	1903.	1904.

Page 131

It appears that during 1904, 316 persons have left these areas for one cause or another:—

	Aylesbury Place Area.	Garden Row Area.	Roby Street Area	Baltic Street Area.	Honduras Street Area.	Total.

Page 132

The deaths and death-rates (calculated on the changing population), are set out as follows:—

Areas.	1901.		1902.		1903.		1904.
Areas.	No. of Deaths.	Death Rates.	No. of Deaths.	Death Kates.	No. of Deaths	Death Rates.	No. of Deaths	Death Rates.

Page 133

(c) demolition of houses, and the following Table sets out the historv of these nroceedinars:—

Areas.	No. of Condemned Houses occupied at end of 1900.	1901.			1902.			1903.			1904.
Areas.	No. of Condemned Houses occupied at end of 1900.	Houses acquired.	Houses closed.	Houses demolished.	Houses acquired.	Houses closed.	Houses demolished.	Houses acquired.	Houses closed.	Houses demolished.	Houses acquired.	Houses closed.	Houses demolished.

Page 140

During 1904 dwelling-houses have been closed in the following streets:—

Streets.	No. of Houses Closed.	No. of Persons Displaced.

Page 141

The total record for 1904 is as follows:—

	Houses closed in 1904.	Persons Dishoused in 1904. (Approximate Number.)

Page 152

Table of House-to-House Inspections.

Page 155

previous night inspections have yielded the following results:-

Previous night inspections have yielded the following results:—
Date of Night Inspection.	Number of occupied tenements inspected	Number overcrowded.	Percentage.

Page 157

(4) Common Lodging Houses. —The following six Common Lodging-houses are situated in the Borough:—

Page 164

The chief industries of Finsbury come under domestic and hotel service, conveyance of men and goods, metals and machinery, jewellery and watchmaking, builders, carpenters and plumbers, furniture and decorations, skin and feather work, paper and printers, and dress and textile fabrics.

Occupations of Persons in Finsbury over 10 years of age.		Males.	Females.	Total.	Percentage on Adult Population

Page 165

It may he convenient to summarize the various premises 111 the Borough where work is done which are now registered in the Public Health Department:—

Page 166

The following Table shows the various trades and occupations carried on in the workshops and workplaces now on the Register :— Workshops and Workplaces in Finsbury on Register.

Page 167

The following Table shows the various trades and occupations carried on in factories in the Borough of Finsbury which are now on the factory register of this department:— Factories on Register.

Page 173

Action taken in Finsbury since adoption of Sanitary Accommodation Order as working standard.

Premises.	No. of Sanitary Conveniences Found.	Result of Action Taken.

Page 174

The following Table of women's factories illustrates this point (the average is somewhat over one sanitary convenience for every 15 persons) :—

Factory.	No. of Females Employed.	No. of S.c.'s for Females.	Average No. of Persons per S.C.

Page 178

Summary of Defaults and Defects in Factories, Workshops and Workplaces for which Notices were served during 1904.

	Workshops.	Factories.	Workplaces.	Total.

Page 179

The following table concerning this area includes some work done during 1903:—

	No. on Old Registers.	No. added to Registers.	Total No. on Registers.	Nuisances, &c., Found.	Intimation Notices Issued.	Statutory Notices Issued.	Notices to Factory Inspectors.	Prosecutions.

Page 182

The following summary of results of inspections of out-workers' and home-workers, premises speaks for itself:—

Page 184

The following Table furnishes in brief the facts obtained under Section 107 of the Act:—

Lists received from Employers.		1904.		1903.
Lists received from Employers.		Number of Lists.	Number of Outworkers	Number of Lists.	Number of Outworkers

Page 185

The following tables set out in brief the work done:—

Page 186

The following Table is a record of the communications between this Department and the Home Office under the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901, and the Public Health (London) Act, 1891:—

Page 187

VI. Legal Action. During 1904 we have issued 540 intimation notices respecting factories and workshops and 72 statutory notices. In 4 instances it has been necessary to issue summonses. The results were as follows:—

Date.	Name and Address of Defendant.	Offence.	Result.

Page 200 201

ANALYSES OF AIR BY HALDANE'S APPARATUS. UNDERGROUND BAKEHOUSES.

Index Number.	Nature of Premises.	Description of Room.			Number of Occupants and Space.		Gas, Oil, or Electric Light, in use at time of test.	Date, Time, and Position of Test.		Volume of C0₂ per 10,000.		Means of Ventilation in in actual use at time of test.	Remarks.
Index Number.	Nature of Premises.	Position, Process, &c	Cubic Capacity, in feet.	Height.	Number present.	Space per person.	Gas, Oil, or Electric Light, in use at time of test.	Date and Time.	Where Sampled.	Inside Room.	Outside Air.	Means of Ventilation in in actual use at time of test.	Remarks.

Page 202 203

Continued from previous page...

Index Number.	Nature of Premises.	• Description of Room.			Number of Occupants and Space.		Gas, Oil, or Electric Light, in use at time of test.	Date, Time, and Position of Test.		Volume of C0₂per 10,000.		Means of Ventilation in in actual use at time of test.	Remarks
Index Number.	Nature of Premises.	Position, Process, &c.	Cubic Capacity, in feet.	Height.	Number present.	Space per person.	Gas, Oil, or Electric Light, in use at time of test.	Date and Time.	Where Sampled.	Inside Room.	Outside Air.	Means of Ventilation in in actual use at time of test.	Remarks

Page 204 205

Continued from previous page...

Index Number.	Nature of Premises.	• Description of Room.			N umber of Occupants and Space.		Gas, Oil, or Electric Light, in use at time of test.	Date, Time, and Position of Test.		Volume of C0₂per 10,000.		# Means of Ventilation in in actual use at time of test.	Remarks.
Index Number.	Nature of Premises.	Position, Process, &c.	Cubic Capacity, in feet.	Height.	Number present.	Space per person.	Gas, Oil, or Electric Light, in use at time of test.	Date and Time.	Where Sampled.	Inside Room.	Outside Air.	# Means of Ventilation in in actual use at time of test.	Remarks.

Page 206 207

Continued from previous page...

Index Number.	Nature of Premises.	Description of Room.			Number of Occupants and Space.		Gas, Oil, or Electric Light, in use at time of test.	Date, Time, and Position of Test.		Volume of CO₂ per 10,000.		Means of Ventilation in in actual use at time of test.	Remarks.
Index Number.	Nature of Premises.	Position, Process, &c	Cubic Capacity, in feet.	Height.	Number present.	Space per person.	Gas, Oil, or Electric Light, in use at time of test.	Date and Time.	Where Sampled.	Inside Room.	Outside Air.	Means of Ventilation in in actual use at time of test.	Remarks.

Page 208 209

Continued from previous page...

Index Number.	Nature of Premises.	Description of Room.			Number of Occupants and Space.		Gas, Oil, or Electric Light, in use at time of test.	Dale, Time, and Position of Test.		Volume of CO₂per 10,000.		Means of Ventilation in in actual use at time of test.	Remarks.
Index Number.	Nature of Premises.	Position, Process, &c.	Cubic Capacity, in feet.	Height.	Number present.	Space per person.	Gas, Oil, or Electric Light, in use at time of test.	Date and Time	Where Sampled. •	Inside Room.	Outside Air.	Means of Ventilation in in actual use at time of test.	Remarks.

Page 214

Notes being sent to those responsible for the abatement of the same.

Description of Boat.	Number of Boats Inspected.	Number of Infringments.	Number of Complaint Notes Served.

Page 215

The following table gives a comparison of the past 6 years as regards the women and children employed on the Canal Boats visiting this district:—

Year.	Boats Inspected.	Persons found on Boats.			Totals.	Registered for.
Year.	Boats Inspected.	Men.	Women.	Children.*	Totals.	Registered for.

Page 217

The following table sets out some of these particulars for stables containing 20 or more horses:—

Address.	Purpose of Horses.	No. of Stables	No. of Horses.	Conditions as to Manure Removal.	Sanitary Conditions, Paving, Water Supply, Cleanliness.

Page 219

There are in Finsbury 21 Public Elementary Schools, containing 18,108 children, as follows:—

Schools.	No.	No. of Infants.	No. of Boys.	No. of Girls.	Totals.

Page 220

During the year 304 cases of notifiable infectious diseases occurred in children at school, as follows:—

School.	Scarlet Fever.	Diphtheria.	Enteric Fever.	Chicken Pox.	Total.

Page 221

The following is the record of work done during 1904:—

	1st Quarter.	2nd Quarter.	3rd Quarter.	4th Quarter.	Total.

Page 222

The above Table deals with articles which have been disinfected. The actual number of occupancies disinfected during 1904, was as follows:—

	Varicella	Small-pox	Scarlet Fever	Diphtheria	Enteric Fever	Puerperal Fever	Disinfection by request.	Measles.	Phthisis	Totals

Page 223

THE MORTUARIES. We have two Mortuaries, one at Warwick Place, in the Eastern Division, and the other at 47, Northampton Road, in the Western Division. The returns are as follows:—

	Northampton Road Mortuary.	Warwick Place Mortuary.	Total.

Page 223

inquests held 218. The verdicts were as follows:—

Page 227

Classified List of 356 Infants' Deaths, sheaving Methods of Feeding, &c.

No. of Deaths	CAUSE OF DEATH	Method of Feeding					Mother's Work				Condition of Tenement			No. of rooms in Ditto				Age in Months
No. of Deaths	CAUSE OF DEATH	Breast only	Breast, &c	Cow's Milk	Condensed	Not Fed	No Occupation	Away from Home	Do. Intermittently	Some Home Work	Clean	Fair	Dirty	One	Two	Three	Four or more	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11

Page 228

In the course of the investigation 53 nuisances were found, and 37 notices served and 189 re-visits paid.

Page 229

A large number of enquiries into the cases of measles occurring in the Borough during 1904 ( see p. 52) have also been made:-

Measles.

Page 230

Factries and Workshops.

Page 235

Work of Sanitary Inspectors.

	Inspector Ensor.	Inspector Davis.	Inspector Longden.	Inspector Norman.	Inspector Hindhaugh.	Inspector Powell.	Total.

Page 236

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS UNDER THE PUBLIC HEALTH (LONDON; ACT, 1891, AND THE METROPOLIS LOCAL MANAGEMENT ACT.

Date.	Name and Address of Defendant.	Offence.	Result.

Page 237

Continued from previous page...

Data.	Name and Addresa of Defendant.	Offence.	Result.

Page 237

SALE OF FOOD AND DRUGS ACTS.

Page 238

Continued from previous page...

Date		Name and Address of Defendant.	Offence. \_	Result

Page 239

LONDON COUNTY COUNCIL (GENERAL POWERS) ACT, 1902.

Date.	Name and Address of Defendant.	Offence.		Result.

Page 240

Proceedings during 1904. Number op Places—

Premises.	On register at end of 1903.	Added in 1904.	Removed in 1904.	On register at end of 1904.	Number of inspections, 1904.	Number of notices, 1904.	Number of prosecutions, 1904.

Page 242

A.— Inspection of Factories, Workshops and Workplaces.

Class oh Works.		Number of Places					Number of Inspections, 1904.	Number of		Number of Prosecutions, 1904.
		On Register at end of 1903.	Added in 1904.	Removed in 1904.	On Register at end of 1904.			Written Intimations, 1904.	Notices, 1904.	Under Factory Act.	Under Public Health Act.
		On Register at end of 1903.	Added in 1904.	Removed in 1904.	Premises.	Rooms.		Written Intimations, 1904.	Notices, 1904.	Under Factory Act.	Under Public Health Act.

Page 243

Matters dealt with in connection with Factories, Workshops and Workplaces,

Particulars.		Number of Defects.				Notices Issued	Prosecutions
Particulars.		Found	Notified by Home Office	Remedied	Notified to Home Office	Notices Issued	Prosecutions

Page 244

Lists of Outworkers (s. 107).

	Number of Lists Received, 1904.					Number of Addresses of Out-workers
Class of Homework	Due Feb. 1st		Due Aug. 1st			Forwarded to other Authorities				Received from other Authorities
	No. of Lists	No. of Outworkers	No.of Lists		No. of Outworkers	Due Feb. 1st.		Due Aug. 1st.		Due Feb. 1st.		Due Aug. 1st.

Page 249

TABLE I. Name of District— Metropolitan Borough of Finsbury. For Whole District.

year.	Population estimated to middle of each Year.	Births.		Deathsunder one Year of age.		Deaths at all ages. Total.		Deaths in public Institu-tions.	Deaths of nonresidents registered in District.	Deaths of Residents registered beyond District.	Deaths at all age Nrtt.
year.	Population estimated to middle of each Year.	Number.	Rate.	Number.	Rate per 1.000 Births registered	Number.	Rate.	Deaths in public Institu-tions.	Deaths of nonresidents registered in District.	Deaths of Residents registered beyond District.	Number.	Rate.

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TABLE II. Borough of Finsibury.

Names oF Localities	l—The Borough				2—North clerkenwell				3—South Clerkenwell				4—Finsbury (St Luke)				5-St Sepulchre

Page 251

TABLE III. Cases of Infectious Disease Notified during the year 1904. Borough of Finsbury.

Notifiable Disease	Cases Notified in Whole Dislict							Total Cases Notified in each Locality				No. of Cases removed to Hospital from each Locality
	At All Ages	At Ages—Year						1	2	3	4	1	2	3	4
	At All Ages	Under 1	1 to 5	5 to 15	15 to 20	25 to 65	65 and upwards	North Clerkenwell	South Clerkenwell	Finsbury (St. Luke)	St. Sepulchre.	North Clerkenwell	South Clerkenwell	Finsbury (St. Luke)	St. Sepulchre

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TABLE IV. Borough of Finsbury. CAUSES AND AGES AT DEATH DURING THE YEAR, 1904.

Causes of Death.		Deaths in District at subjoined Ages.							Deaths in Localities (at all ages )				Deaths in Public Institutions
Causes of Death.		All ages	Under 1	1 and under 5	5 and under 15	15 and under 25	25 and under 65	65 and up- wards	North Clerkenwell	South Clerkenwell	Finsbury (St Luke)	St. Sepulchre	Deaths in Public Institutions

Page 263

These visits were made between 7 and 10 p.m. with the following results:—

	No. of Public Houses visited.	No. of Persons counted at the moment of visit.				Total.
	No. of Public Houses visited.	Men.	Women.	Infants in Arms.	Other Children	Total.

London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972

View report tables

Finsbury 1904

116 tables in this report

The numbers of the population, of each sex and at various ages (at the Census, 1901), was as follows:—

Births. —The total number of births registered in the district during 1904 was 3,603, as follows:—

The birth rates of Finsbury (in sub-registration districts) since the Borough was formed have been as follows:—

The death rates in the Borough since its formation may be stated as follows:—

It will be seen that the number of deaths of Fin s bnry persons in institutions has slightly increased as follows :—

The following Table records the deaths from all causes at subjoined ages, with the census population at each age period:—

The distribution in the Borough of the deaths of infants may be set out as follows:—

The infant mortality rates for each division of the Borough and also for the Borough itself, since its formation may therefore, he set forth as follows: —

As regards age distribution of infants' deaths, as a general rule it may be said that they diminish from the first month onwards to the twelfth. The following table gives the age incidence for 1904:—

Turning now to the causes of death in these infants, we find the record is as follows:—

The deaths of persons aged ( 65 years and over were as follows:—

The claims of death at the two extremes of life, and t h e effect of season, are shown in the following table of total deaths, intra-parochi a l and extra-p a roc h ial:—

The deaths from Zymotic Disease occurring in the Bo rough (intra -parochial and extr a -parochial) during the year numbered 282 and were caused as follows: —

Finsbury, 1903 and 1904. Death Rates from all and Certain Causes in Houses or Tenements of several sizes.

The incidence of Small-pox, since the Borough's formation, is shown in the following table:—

The cases of small-pox we have had in 1904 in Finsbury are therefore as follows:—

The age incidence of Diphtheria and its mortality for 1904 was as follows:—

The following table shows the seasonal occurrence of the cases of diphtheria notified to us in 1904:—

The incidence of Diphtheria, since the Borough's formation, is shown in the following table:—

SCARLET FEVER. The total number of notifications received during the year for Scarlet Fever was 323, as against last year's 283, and 381 in 1902. The age and sex incidence was as follows:—

Seventeen deaths yield a Scarlet Fever death rate of 0.17 per 1,000. The comparative figures for the last eight year are as follows;-

Seventeen deaths yield a Scarlet Fever death rate of 0.17 per 1,000. The comparative figures for the last eight years are as follows:—

The incidence of Scarlet Fever, since the Borough's formation, is shown in the following table:—

The age distribution of the cases was as follows :—

The incidence of Small-pox, since the Borough's formation, is shown in the following table:—

Information of cases received from the sources as follows :

The age and sex incidence of the cases intimated was as follows:—

During 1904 there were 145 deal lis attributed to this disease, 116 of these cases being infants under one year of age. This gives a death rate for Epidemic Diarrhoea of 1.46 per 1,000.

Deaths of Infants from all Causes—Third Quarter.

These facts may be presented in tabular form as follows :

The facts concerning the relationship between seasonal conditions and diarrhoeal deaths in the summer quarter of the present year (1904) may be tabulated as follows :—

The results of the enquiry into the conditions of life of the 465 infant deaths (out of 522) from all causes of death, may be set out in the following table :—

In 1901 there were 70 notifications; in 1902, 121; in 1903, 219; and in 1904, 210, as follows:-

Deaths from Phthisis. —The total deaths due to Consumption in 1904 were 251, as compared with 238 in 1903. The death rate for the year is therefore 2.5 per 1,000, which is about the average rate for the last five years:—

The following table sets out the comparative death rates since 1896:—

To measure this incidence accurately it is necessary to state the deaths per 10,000 of the population at each age period as follows:—

The incidence of Phthisis since the Borough's formation, therefore, may be shown as follows:—

The number of cases of phthisis occurring in houses where other persons had been notified as suffering from, or had died from the disease, was as follows:—

There were 79 deaths certified during 1904 as due to cancerous or malignant disease, which gives a special death rate of 0.79 per 1,000. The age and sex incidence of these deaths was as follows:—

The parts of the body mainly affected with Cancerous Disease were as follows:—

The figures are as follows:—

Percentage of Infants at several Ages Fed in Different Ways.

TABLE OF MEAT PROSECUTIONS, &amp;c., 1904.

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Inspection of Cowsheds.—I have this year paid further attention to the cowsheds still existing in the Borough. They are as follows:—

The following Table shows the results obtained during the last ten years:—

* During the existence of the Borough Council (1901-1904) there have been prosecutions for milk adulterations resulting in convictions and penalties as follows:— MILK.

The Annual Report of the Local Government Board for 1903-1904 gives the returns for London, as follows:—

The comparative figures for 1903 (the most recent obtainable) work out as follows :—

The percentages of adulteration for every five years since 1877 for England and Wales may also be added for comparative purposes:—

The samples collected were as follows :—

Various degrees of modification were made with the average milk supplied by Mr. Carson's herd, and the above were found on analysis to yield desirable milks, and approximately comparable to human milk:—

These three modifications are used as follows:—

The state of affairs existent at the time of condemnation may be set forth as follows:—

The Insanitary Areas in Finsbury under the London County Council. (Housing of the Working Classes Act , 1890. Part I.)

Dwelling-Houses Occupied at end of each Year.

The figures for 1899, 1902, 1903 and 1904 are correct, and the result of actual enumeration of persons on the area at those dates, but the figures for 1900 and 1901 are estimated:—

It appears that during 1904, 316 persons have left these areas for one cause or another:—

The deaths and death-rates (calculated on the changing population), are set out as follows:—

(c) demolition of houses, and the following Table sets out the historv of these nroceedinars:—

During 1904 dwelling-houses have been closed in the following streets:—

The total record for 1904 is as follows:—

Table of House-to-House Inspections.

previous night inspections have yielded the following results:-

(4) Common Lodging Houses. —The following six Common Lodging-houses are situated in the Borough:—

The chief industries of Finsbury come under domestic and hotel service, conveyance of men and goods, metals and machinery, jewellery and watchmaking, builders, carpenters and plumbers, furniture and decorations, skin and feather work, paper and printers, and dress and textile fabrics.

It may he convenient to summarize the various premises 111 the Borough where work is done which are now registered in the Public Health Department:—

The following Table shows the various trades and occupations carried on in the workshops and workplaces now on the Register :— Workshops and Workplaces in Finsbury on Register.

TABLE OF MEAT PROSECUTIONS, &c., 1904.