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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

City of London 1898

Report on the sanitary condition of the City of London for the year 1898

Published
1899
Author
Saunders, W. Sedgwick.
Pages
198
Tables
107

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107 tables in this report

  • Page 10
    registration purposes into the following five Sub-Districts, viz.:—
  • Page 12
    City Population.
  • Page 13
    The estimated night population of the various Registration sub-districts is as under; to which the figures returned at the last Census are added for the purpose of comparison:—
    1896.1898 (estimated of the year.)
  • Page 15
    Table showing the percentage of deaths occurring in Workhouses, Workhouse Infirmaries and Lunatic Asylums to total deaths in the City of London and the Metropolis respectively, for the five years 1894-5-6-7-8:—
  • Page -
    (A) TABLE OF DEATHS during the Year 1898, in the City of London, classified according to Diseases, Ages, and Localities. (A' [Prepared in accordance with the Instructions of the Local Government Boabd.]
    Names op Localities adopted for the purpose of these Statistics; Public Institutions being shown as separate localities.mortality from all causes at subjoined ages.mortality from subjoined causes, distinguishing deaths of children under five years of age.
    At all ages.Under 1 year.1 and under 55 and under 1515 and under 2525 and under 6060 and upwards.Small-pox.Scarlatina.Diphtheria.Membranous Croup.Fevers.Cholera.Erysipelas.Measles.Whooping Cough.Diarrhoea and Dysentery.Rheumatic Fever.Ague.Phthisis.Bronchitis, Pneumonia, and Pleurisy.Heart Disease.Violent Deaths. Injuries.All other Diseases.Totals.
    Typhus.Enteric or Typhoid.Continued.Relapsing.Puerperal.
    1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.
  • Page 17
    Percentage of Registered Deaths from Violence.
    Year.City of London.Metropolis.
    Per cent.Per cent.
  • Page 17
    Death Rates, per 1,000 per Annum.
    Year.City of London.33 Great Towns of England and Wales.Metropolis.
    Per cent.Per cent.Per cent.
  • Page 19
    VITAL STATISTICS. City of London compared with the Metropolis, 5 years, 1894-5-6-7-8.
    City of London.Death Rate.Birth Rate.Deaths of Children under 1 year to 1,000 Births.Violent Deaths, per cent. of Deaths Registered.Deaths from principal Zymotic Disease per 1,000 of the Population.
    Night Population (Imperial Census).Day Population (Corporation Census).City.Metropolis.City.Metropolis.City.Metropolis.City.Metropolis.City.Metropolis.
  • Page 20
    Table showing Five Years' Vaccination Statistics in the City of London.
    Year.Number of Births.Successfully Vaccinated.Insusceptible.Had Small-pox.Died before Vaccination.Vaccination Postponed.Removed or unac-connted for at the end of the year.Conscientious Objections.
    per cent.per cent.per cent.per cent.per cent.per cent.per cent.
  • Page 21
    Metropolitan Unions.
    Year.Successfully Vaccinated.Insusceptible.Had Small-pox.Died before Vaccination.Vaccination Postponed.Not finally accounted for.
    per cent.per cent.per cent.per cent.per cent.per cent.
  • Page 23
    RETURN relating to Vaccination for the Year ending 1898.
    123456789
  • Page -
    Table of DEATHS DURING THE YEAR 1898 IN THE ARTIZANS' DWELLINGS, STONEY LANE, HOUNDSDITCH, classified according to Diseases, Ages, and Localities.
    Name of Block.Births.Mortality from all causes, at subjoined ages.Mortality from subjoined causes, distinguishing deaths of Children under Five Years of Age.
    At all ages.Under 1 year.1 and under 55 and under 1515 and under 2525 and under 6060 and upwards.Small-pox.Scarlatina.Diphtheria.Membranous Croup.Fevers.Cholera.Erysipelas.Measles.Whooping Cough.Diarrhoea and Dysentery.Rheumatic Fever.Ague.Phthisis.Bronchitis, Pneumonia, and Pleurisy.Heart Disease.violent Deaths. Injuries.All other Diseases.Totals.
    Typhus.Enteric or Typhoid.Continued.Relapsing.Puerperal.
    Male.Female.
  • Page 26
    ARTIZANS' DWELLINGS.
    NAME OF BLOCK.
    North.South.King's.Queen's.Prince's.Total.
  • Page 27
    ARTIZANS' DWELLINGS, STONEY LANE. Vital Statistics during Five Years (viz., 1894-5-6-7-8).
    TEAR.Death rate per 1,000.Deaths of children under 5 years of age.Deaths of children under 5 years of age per 1,000 births.Birth rate per 1,000.Number of illegitimate children born in the Buildings.Deaths from Infectious Diseases.
  • Page 30
    NOTIFICATION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES. The following Table gives the number and nature of the cases of infectious disease notified to me by medical practitioners under Sections 55 and 56 of the Public Health (London) Act, 1891, during 1898, and also indicates where the patients were treated :—
    NATURE OF DISEASE.Number of Certificates received.Treated at Home.Removed to the Metropolitan Asylums Board Hospitals for treatment.Removed to the London Fever Hospital for treatment.Treated at other Hospitals and Infirmaries.Duplicate Certificates received.Diagnosis incorrect.
  • Page -
    (B) TABLE of POPULATION, BIRTHS, AND OF NEW CASES OF INFECTIOUS SICKNESS, coming to the knowledge of the Medical (B) Officer of Health, during the year 1898, in the CITY OF LONDON, classified according to Diseases, Ages, and Localities. [Prepared in accordance with the Instructions of the Local Government Board.]
    Names of Localites adopted for the purpose of these Statistics ; Public Institutions being shown as separate localities.Population at all ao ks.Registered Births.Aged under 5 or over 6.New Casks of Sickness in each locality, coming to the Knowledge of the Medical Officer of health.Number of scch Cases Removed from their Homes in the several Localities for Treatment in Isolation Hospital.
    Census 18%.Estimated to middle of 1898.
    1234567891011TOTALS.1234567891011TOTALS.
    Small-pox.Scarlatina.Diphtheria.Membranous Croup.FEVERS.Cholera.Erysipelas.Small-pox.Scarlatina.Diphtheria.Membranous Croup.fevers.Cholera.Erysipelas.
    Typhus.Enteric or Typhoid.Continued.Relapsing.PuerperaLTyphus.Enteric or Typhoid.Continued.Relapsing.Puerperal.
  • Page 31
    A reference to Table B, prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Local Government Board, shows that of the 158 cases of notifiable infectious disease reported, no less than 79.1 per cent. were removed to hospital for treatment, the remaining 20.9 per cent. being nursed at their own homes.
  • Page 32
    RETURN showing the number of cases of infectious disease occurring in the City of London, and the percentage of suoh cases removed to hospital or treated at home during the five years 1894-5.6-7-8
    Tear.Number of cases reported.Removed to Hospital.Treated at Home.
    Per cent. of cases reported.
  • Page 33
    Twenty families, comprising 36 adults and 30 children, total 66 persons, were provided with lodging, food and attendance during the disinfection of their houses after the following diseases:—
  • Page 36
    NUMBER of Articles disinfected, bodies received at the Mortuary, and Inquests held at the Coroner's Court in the City during the five years 1894-5-0-7-8.
    Year.Articles of Bedding, &c., disinfected.Bodies received at the Mortuary.Inquests held on bodies.Inquests held on Fires.
  • Page 38
    Sanitary Inspections. Five Years, 1894-5-6-7-8.
    Year.Inspections made.Sanitary Improvements effected.Notices served.
  • Page 42
    DETAILS OF MONTAGUE COURT, &c. SANITARY CONDITION. Occupants, 2-10 persons per room. MONTAGUE COURT.
    No. of House.Rooms.Families.Males.Females.Children.Total.REMARKS.
  • Page 49
    explains to what extent the City of London is interested:—
  • Page 51
    WATER ANALYSIS. Table showing the relative composition of the New River Company's and the East London Company's supply within the city boundary.
    Details (Given in Grains per Gallon).New River, 23rd Sept., 1898.East London, 14th Sept., 1898.East London, April, 1897.
  • Page 57
    Return for Last Five Years.
    Year.Street Sweepings and Slop.House and Trade Refuse.Total.No. of Loads Cremated in DestructorPer Cent. Cremated.
  • Page 59
    EAST DISTRICT.
  • Page 60
    EAST DISTRICT—continued.
  • Page 60
    MIDDLE DISTRICT.
  • Page 61
    MIDDLE DISTRICT—continued.
  • Page 61
    WEST DISTRICT.
  • Page 62
    WEST DISTRICT—continued.
  • Page 63
    EAST DISTRICT.
  • Page 64
    MIDDLE DISTRICT.
  • Page 64
    WEST DISTRICT.
  • Page 74
    EAST DISTRICT.
    Situation of Premises.Sanitary Improvements effected.
  • Page 75
    Continued from previous page...
    Situation of Premises.Sanitary Improvements effected.
  • Page 75
    MIDDLE DISTRICT.
  • Page 76
    Continued from previous page...
    Situation of Premises.Sanitary Improvements effected.
  • Page 77
    Continued from previous page...
    Situation of Premises.Sanitary Improvements effected.
  • Page 77
    WEST DISTRICT.
  • Page 80
    The following is a summary:—
    District.No. of Houses on Register.No. of Lodgers.No. of Tenements.Average No. of Persons per Tenement.
  • Page 82
    WEST DISTRICT.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers
  • Page 83
    Continued from previous page...
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 84
    Continued from previous page...
    Situation of Premises,Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 85
    Continued from previous page...
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 86
    Continued from previous page...
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 87
    Continued from previous page...
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 88
    Continued from previous page...
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers
  • Page 88
    HOUSES LATELY REGISTERED IN THE MIDDLE DISTRICT, BUT NOW INCLUDED IN THE WEST DISTRICT.
  • Page 89
    WEST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 90
    WEST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 91
    WEST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 92
    WEST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 93
    WEST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 94
    MIDDLE DISTRICT.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 95
    MIDDLE DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 96
    MIDDLE DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 97
    MIDDLE DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 98
    MIDDLE DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 99
    EAST DISTRICT.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 100
    EAST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 101
    EAST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 102
    EAST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 103
    EAST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 104
    EAST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 105
    EAST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 106
    EAST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 107
    EAST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 108
    EAST DISTRICT—continued.
    Situation of Premises.Name and Address of Owner.Tenements.Lodgers.
  • Page 109
    WEST DISTRICT.
    Total.
  • Page 109
    MIDDLE DISTRICT.
  • Page 109
    EAST DISTRICT.
  • Page 120
    SMOKE PROSECUTIONS, 1898.
    Date.Where beard.Before whom.Defendant's Name.Address.Result.
  • Page 122
    MEAT SUPPLIES, 1874 to 1898.
    Year.General Supply.Seizures by Inspectors.% of Bad Meat to Good.
  • Page 123
    Monthly Deliveries at the Corporation Markets, Smithfield.
  • Page 124
    The sources of origin of the past three years' deliveries are here expressed in terms per cent.
    1896.1897.1898.
  • Page 125
    During the past year these Inspectors seized 884 tons I cwt. of meat as unfit for the food of man. This condemned meat is classified as under:—
    TonsPercent.
  • Page 127
    be obtained from an examination of the following figures compiled from the Annual Report of the the Market Superintendent:—
    1897.1898.
  • Page 128
    CENTRAL MARKETS, SMITHFIELD. Table showing Weight of Meat delivered, seized as unsound, and percentage condemned to that delivered during each Month of the Year 1898.
    Month.Meat Delivered at the Market.Meat seized by Inspectors.Ratio of Meat condemned to that delivered.
  • Page 136
    DISEASED MEAT PROSECUTIONS.
    Date.Where heard.Before whom.Occupation of Person Summoned.Defendant's Place of Residence.Result.
  • Page 145
    Weight of Fish Delivered, Fish seized as Unsound, and percentage of Fish Condemned to that Delivered, at or near Billingsgate Market ddring the five years 1894-5-6-7-8.
    Year.Weight of Fish Delivered.Total.Weight of Fish Condemned.Ratio of Fish Condemned to that Delivered.
    By Land.By Water.
  • Page 149
    Fish Condemned at or near Billingsgate Market, for the Year 1898:—
    1898.Tons.Cwts.qrs.
  • Page 150
    MONTHLY FISH RETURNS, 1898. Table showing Weight of Fish Delivered, Fish seized as Unsound, and percentage of Fish Condemned to that Delivered, at or near Billingsgate Market, during each month of the year 1898.
    Month.Weight of Fish Delivered.Total.Weight of Fish Condemned.Ratio of Fish Condemned to that Delivered.
    By Land.By Water.
  • Page 158
    They include 41 of BUTTER; 9 of COCOA; 1 of CREAM; 32 of DRUGS; 1 of LARD; 1 of MALT LIQUOR; 3 of MARGARINE; 98 of MILK; 1 of MUSTARD; 1 of PEPPER; 30 of SPIRITS; 2 of SUET; l of SUGAR; 1 of TAPIOCA; 2 of TEA; 1 of VINEGAR; and 5 of WATER.
    Articles Analysed in 1898.First Quarter.Second Quarter.Third Quarter.Fourth Quarter.Total.
  • Page 159
    The following Table has been partly compiled from the Annual Reports of the Local Government Board, to which is added, by way of comparison, the results of our experience in the City of London:—
    Year.Total No. of Samples Examined in England and Wales.Number Examined in the City of London.Percentage of Total No. Examined in City of London.No. of Persons to each Sample examined.
    England and Wales.City of London.
  • Page -
    SALE OF FOOD AND DRUGS ACTS, 1875 AND 1879. Report of the Public Analyst appointed for the City of London upon the Articles analysed by him under the above Acts during the Quarter ending the 31st March, 1898.
    Articles submitted for Analysis.State whether the sample was submitted to the Analyst by an Officer acting under direction of a Local Authority, under Section 13 of Act, 1875, and if so, the name of such Authority.Result of Analysis: showing whether the sample was Genuine or Adulterated, and, if Adulterated, what were the nature and extent of the Adulteration.The sum paid In respect of the Analysis.OBSERVATIONS.
  • Page -
    SALE OF FOOD AND DRUGS ACTS, 1875 and 1879. Report of the Public Analyst appointed for the City of London upon the Articles analysed by him under the above Acts during the Quarter ending the 30th June, 1898.
    Article submitted (or Analysis.State whether the sample was submitted to the Analyst by nn Officer acting under direction of a Local Authority under Section 13 of Act, 1875. and If so, the name of such Authority.Result of Analysis: showing whether the sample was Genuine or Adulterated and, if Adulterated, what were the nature and extent of the Adulteration.The sum paid in respect of the Analysis.observations.
  • Page -
    SALE OF FOOD AND DRUGS ACTS, 1875 AND 1879. Report of the Public Analyst appointed for the City of London upon the Articles analysed by him under the above Acts during the Quarter ending the 30th September, 1898.
    Article submitted for Analysis.State whether the sample was submitted to the Analyst by an Officer acting under direction of a Local Authority, under Section 13 of Act, 1875, and if so, the name of such Authority.Result of Analysis : showing whether the sample was Genuine or Adulterated, and, if Adulterated, what were the nature and extent of the Adulteration.The sum paid in respect of the Analysis.OBSERVATIONS.
  • Page -
    SALE OF FOOD AND DRUGS ACTS, 1875 AND 1879. Report of the Public Analyst appointed for the City of London, upon the Articles analysed by him under the above Acts during the Quarter ending the 31st December, 1898.
    Article submitted for Analysis.State whether the sample was submitted to the Analyst by an Officer acting under direction of a Local Authority, under Section 13 of Act, 1875, and if so, the name of such Authority.Result of Analysis: showing whether the sample was Genuine or Adulterated, and, if Adulterated, what were the nature and extent of the Adulteration.The sum paid in respect of the Analysis.OBSERVATIONS.
  • Page -
    APPENDIX. CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY. 1898. STREET LISTS, Compiled from Returns of District Registrars.
    STREET OB PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued.
    STREET OK PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY — continued.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued.
    STREET OB PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued.
    STREET OB PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of ' House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY— continued.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued.
    STREET OH PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued.
    STREET OB PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MO RTALITY—continued. PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS. CITY POLICE HOSPITAL, BISHOPSGATE.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    ST. BARTHOLOMEWS HOSPITAL. (DEATHS REGISTERED IN THE CITV, RESIDENCE ONKNOWN.)
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY—continued. ARTIZANS' DWELLINGS, PETTICOAT SQUARE.
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.Sex.Age.Date of Death.Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    CITY OF LONDON MORTALITY-continued. THAYIES INN CASUAL WARD (ROBIN HOOD COURT INFIRMARY).
    STREET OR PLACE.No. of House.No. of Sub-District.HexAge.Date of Death.Cause of Death.Remarks.
  • Page -
    ROYAL LONDON OPHTHALMIC HOSPITAL, MOORFIELDS.