London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972
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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
Hackney 1891
Report on the sanitary condition of the Hackney District for the year 1891
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TABLE 11.
Hackney District.— Showing the Annual Birth and Death Rates; Death Rates of Infants per 1,000 Births, and of Children per 1,000 Deaths, for the Year 1891, and each of the Ten Yean
preceding.
| In Year. | Birth Rate per 1000 of the Population. | Birth Rate per 1000 of the Population. | Corrected Death Rate per 1000 of the Population. | Deaths of Children under 1 year per 1000 of Registered Births. | Deaths of Children under 1 year, per 1000 of Total Deaths. | Deaths of Children under 5 years, per 1000 of Total Deaths. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| London | Hackney | Hackney | London | Hackney | London | Hackney | Hackncy | |
| 1891 | 30.5 | 17.8 | 134 | 229 | 395 | |||
| 1881 | 34.7 | 33.9 | 19.2 | 21.2 | 130 | 148 | 230 | 424 |
| 1882 | 34.2 | 32.9 | 17.9 | 21.3 | 119 | 162 | 219 | 414 |
| 1883 | 34.0 | 32.3 | 17.6 | 20.5 | 125 | 146 | 230 | 396 |
| 1884 | 33.7 | 30.8 | 18.0 | 20.5 | 124 | 168 | 238 | 408 |
| 1885 | 32.6 | 30.9 | 17.8 | 19.8 | 137 | 148 | 246 | 422 |
| 1886 | 32.4 | 30.4 | 17.4 | 19.9 | 143 | 159 | 258 | 418 |
| 1887 | 31.7 | 29.7 | 17.6 | 19.6 | 136 | 158 | 243 | 426 |
| 1888 | 30.7 | 28.9 | 15.8 | 18.5 | 125 | 154 | 225 | 409 |
| 1889 | 30.7 | 28.7 | 14.9 | 17.5 | 107 | 141 | 213 | 369 |
| 1890 | 29.1 | 27.4 | 16.4 | 20.3 | 132 | 163 | 221 | 396 |
| Average of 10 years, 1881—90 | 29.2 | 30.9 | 17.6 | 20.0 | 133 | 154 | 238 | 416 |
| MEANS. 1871—80 | 35.9 | 34.7 | 19.6 | 22.5 | 143 | 158 | 247 | 292 |
| 1861—70 | 35.4 | 33.8 | 20.4 | 24.4 | 143 | 162 | — | — |
| 1851—60 | 33.6 | 31.8 | 19.1 | 23.7 | 128 | 155 | — | — |
In 1891 the birth rate in Hackney per 1,000 population was
30.5, being rather below the number for the preceding year. The
birth rate has been decreasing all over England, and in France is
assuming an important factor in the well-being of the country.
As the death rate was only 17.8 per 1,000 population, to 30.5 birth
rate, it is quite clear there is a considerable excess of population
over deaths. The crude numbers were 7,126 births to 4,110 deaths,
or an excess of 3,016 births over deaths. As usual, Hackney
stands very favourably in the list of deaths of young children
under one year, to total registered births, viz., 134, against for
all London. This is very satisfactory to the domestic, sanitary,
and general arrangements of the smaller houses in the district.