[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Hackney]

Page 9

EXTRACTS FROM VITAL STATISTICS OF THE YEAR

Live Births:—	Total.	M.	F.

Page 9

Deaths from diseases and accidents of pregnancy and childbirth:—

	Deaths	Rate per 1,000 Total Births

Page 9

Death-rate of Infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births:—

Page 9

BIRTHS AND BIRTH-RATE. Births to Hackney mothers corrected by inward and outward transfers:—

	Live Births.			Stillbirths.
	Male.	Female.	Total.	Male.	Female.	Total.

Page 10

The birth-rates in England and Wales, London and Hackney in the past five years are shown below:—

District.	Birthrate, 1946.	Birth-rates in previous years.
District.	Birthrate, 1946.	1945.	1944.	1943.	1942.

Page 10

The following table shows the sources from which the notifications of birth (corrected and uncorrected) were received:—

	Medical Practitioners.				Midwives.				Parents and others.				Totals.
	Live Births.		Still Births.		Live Births.		Still Births.		Live B irths.		Still Births.		Live Births.		Still Births.
	M.	F.	M .	F.	M.	F.	M.	F.	M.	F.	M.	F.	M .	F.	M .	F

Page 11

Short List of Causes of Death at Different Periods of Life of Residents of Hackney during 1946.

Causes of Death.	Sex.	All Ages.	0—	1—	5—	15—	45—	65—

Page 12

Causes of Death—continued.

Causes of Death.	Sex.	All Ages.	0—	1—	5—	15—	45—	65-

Page 13

The death-rates in England and Wales, London and Hackney in the past five years were:—

District.	Death-rate, 1946	Death-rates in previous years.
District.	Death-rate, 1946	1945	1944	1943	1942

Page 13

The infant mortality-rates in England and Wales, London and Hackney in the past five years were:—

District.	Infant mortality rate, 1946	Infant mortality-rates in previous years.
District.	Infant mortality rate, 1946	1945	1944	1943	1942

Page 13

The causes of the 107 infant deaths in 1946 are set out in the following table:—

Cause of Death.	Under 24 hrs.	1 day to 1 week.	1 1-2 weeks.	2-3 weeks.	3-4 weeks.	Total under 4 weeks.	1-3 months.	3-6 months.	6-9 months.	9-12 months.	Total

Page 14

The maternal mortality-rates in England and Wales and in Hackney in the past five years were:—

District.	Maternal mortality rate, 1946.	Maternal mortality-rates in previous years.
District.	Maternal mortality rate, 1946.	1945	1944	1943	1942

Page 15

Ante-Natal and Post-Natal Clinics.— Particulars of attendances

Centre.	No. of sessions held.	No. of Mothers attending (first visits).		No. of repeated attendances at Centre.		Total attendances.		No. of examinations by Doctor.
Centre.	No. of sessions held.	Antenatal.	Postnatal.	Antenatal.	Postnatal.	Antenatal.	Postnatal.	No. of examinations by Doctor.

Page 15

The Medical Superintendent of Hackney Hospital and the Secretary Superintendent of the Salvation Army Mothers' Hospital have kindly supplied the following figures regarding the work of the ante-natal clinics held at those hospitals:—

	Hackney Hospital.	Salvation Army Mothers' Hospital.

Page 15

The proportion of Hackney mothers who attended the Antenatal Clinics at these Hospitals can be judged from the following figures:—

	Hackney Hospital.	Salvation Army Mothers' Hospital.

Page 16

No. of infants born at home

	Hackney Hospital.	Salvation Army Mothers' Hospital.

Page 16

Infant Welfare Clinics. —Particulars of attendances:—

Centre.	No. of sessions held.	No. of children brought to the Centre for the first time.		No. of children who attended at the Centre during the year and who, at the end of the year, were:—		Total No. of attendances.		Total No of attend ances of infants and children before Doctor.
		Under 1 year.	Over 1 year.	Under 1 year.	Over 1 year.	Under 1 year.	Over 1 year.

Page 16

The following statement shows the improved attendances in the last three years:—

Attendances.	1944.	1945.	1946.

Page 17

Comparison of first attendances with number of births registered.

Page 17

Dental Clinic. —Particulars of attendances:—

Centre.	Sessions held	New Cases.		Repeated Attendances.		Total Attendances.
Centre.	Sessions held	Children	Mothers	Children	Mothers	Total Attendances.

Page 17

The work done at the dental clinic during the period under review was as follows:—

Page 17

The cost of this scheme to the Council during the year was:—

				£	s.	d.

Page 18

The number of patients assisted under this scheme, together with the cost to the Council during the year is shown below:—

	Cases.	Cost.
	Cases.	£	s.	d.

Page 19

Continued from previous page...

Cost to be borne by Applicant.	Number in family.
	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8

Page 19

Actinotherapy Clinics.— Particulars of attendances:—

Centre.	Sessions held.	New Cases.			Repeated Attendances.			Total
Centre.	Sessions held.	Infants	Children	Mothers	Infants	Children	Mothers	Total

Page 20 21

1.P rimary Visits. 2.Total Visits. Visits of H???Visitors, 1946.

	Miss M. H. Bevis. (Child Protection Visitor.)		Miss D. Boyce-Jones.		Miss W. Cleverley.		Miss A. Edwards.		Miss D. M. Francis.		Miss G. J. Franklin.		- Miss D. I. Gentry.		Miss M. N. Hilton.		Miss N. V. Hobbs.	Holdoroft.	Miss M. L. Howman.		Miss M. Jones.		Miss J. D. Kimpsford.		Miss S. E. Love.		Miss W. C. Peverett.		- Miss R. C. M. Prior.		Miss A. Thomas.		Miss E. Thurgood.		Miss E. E. Williamson.		Temporary Visitor.		Totals.

Page 22

(a) "National" dried milk and vitamin products made available under the Ministry of Food's arrangements:—

Vitamin "A" and "D" tablets.		Concentrated orange juice.		Cod liver oil.		"National" dried milk.
*At 10d.a packet.	Free of charge.	At 5d. a bottle.	Free of charge.	*At 10d.a bottle.	Free of charge.	†At l/2d. a packet.	Free of charge.

Page 22

(b) Dried Milk and vitamin products made available under the Council 's arrangements:—

Description of Article.	Value of goods supplied at cost price.			Value of goods supplied free of charge.

Page 27

Statement of cases seen at Gynaecological Clinic.

Condition.	No. of Cases.	Origin.			Disposal.
Condition.	No. of Cases.	Doctor.	M. & C. W. Centre.	Own accord	Hospital.	Doctor.	Antenatal Clinic	Treated at Clinic.

Page 27

The following table shows the results obtained in the treatment of the 40 patients at the Clinic:—

Condition.	Result of Treatment.
Condition.	Cured.	Improved.	No change.	Failed to re-attend.	Still under treatment.

Page 28

The following is a statement of the specimens submitted to the Laboratories for examination during the year:—

Disease suspected.	Result of Examination.
Disease suspected.	Positive.	Negative.

Page 28

The following table shows the number of cases attended and the visits paid by the nurses of the Hackney District Nursing Association on the Council's behalf during the year.

	No. of Cases	No. of Visits

Page 29

The cases dealt with during the year are shown below, together with the comparable figures for the previous year, from which the rate of growth of this service will be seen:—

	Maternity and Child Welfare Cases.		Other Cases.
	1945	1946	1945	1946

Page 30

Details are given in the following table of the patients treated during 1946 at the British Red Cross Society's Clinic at No. 92, Dalston Lane:—

	Totals.	Hackney Residents.
		Children		Adults.
		0-4 years.	5-13 years.	Adults.

Page 31

Details of the bodies deposited in the Public Mortuary during the year are given in the following table:—

		Persons dying in Hackney.	Persons dying elsewhere.	Total.

Page 33

The following is a summary of the principal forms of inspection and of the action taken by the Sanitary Inspectors during the year:—

Page 35

The following is a summary of the information secured from the employers' lists during the year:—

	Residing in the Borough.	Residing outside the Borough.	Tota.

Page 35

The following analysis shows the trades in which the outworkers resident in the Borough are engaged:—

Trade.	No. of Outworkers.	Trade.	No. of Outworkers.

Page 37

The total weights of food condemned or surrendered during the year were:–


	Tons	cwts.	qrs.	lbs.

Page 39

ADULTERATION OF FOOD. There was no reduction in the number of samples taken for analysis, which included

(a) Formal Samples:—	Genuine.	Adulterated.	Total.

Page 40

The following table shows the incidence of the various diseases:—

Disease.	1943	1944	1945	1946

Page 40

The attack rates for the principal infectious diseases in England and Wales, London and Hackney were as follows:—

Disease.	England and Wales.	London.	Hackney.

Page 41

Table showing Notifications of Infectious Disease received in 1946, in Age Groups, Admissions to Hospitals, and Deaths

Disease.	At all Ages.	Cases Notified.												No. of cases admitted to Hospitals	No. of Deaths
		At Ages—Years.
		Under 1.	1 to 2.	2 to 3.	3 to 4.	4 to 5.	5 to 10.	10 to 15.	15 to 20.	20 to 35.	35 to 45.	45 to 65.	65 and upwards.

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Table..showing..Notifications..of..Infectious..Disease..received..in ..1946 ..in..Electoral..Wards.

Disease	Electoral..Wards.
Disease	Ridley	Downs	Town..Hall	Graham	Dalston	Culford	Stamford	Springfield	Maury	Southwold	Leaside	Marsh	Wick	Chatham	Park	Tudor

Page 43

The following table gives particulars of the work carried out under the scheme since 1928:—

Year,	No. of Now CaseB.	Schick Tested.			Commenced treatment without Schick Test.	Naturally Immune.	Immunised.			Discontinued treatment and struck off Register.	No. under treat ment at end of year.
Year,	No. of Now CaseB.	Preschool Age.	School Age.	Adults.	Commenced treatment without Schick Test.	Naturally Immune.	Pre-School Age.	School Age.	Adults	Discontinued treatment and struck off Register.	No. under treat ment at end of year.

Page 44

From the following table it will be seen that the number of cases of tuberculosis notified in Hackney declined fairly steadily from 1920 until 1941, when war-time circumstances commenced to affect the Borough's tuberculosis case rate:—

Year.	Pulmonary.	Non-Pulmonary	Total.

Page 45

The following is a summary of the age and sex distribution of the cases notified and the deaths from this disease during the year:—

Age Periods.	New Cases.				Deaths.
	Pulmonary.		Non-Pulmonary.		Pulmonary.		Non-Pulmonary.

Page 45

The following table shows the age and sex distribution of 81 cases of tuberculosis which came to notice during the year otherwise than by notification under the Regulations:—

Age Period.	Pulmonary.		Non-Pulmonary.
Age Period.	M.	F.	M.	F.

Page 46

The sources from which information of these cases was obtained were as follows:—

Source of Information.		No. of Cases.
Source of Information.		Pulmonary.		Non-Pulmonary.

Page 46

The number of deaths from tuberculosis and the death-rate in each of the past five years are given below:—

Year.	Pulmonary.	Non-Pulmonary.	Total.	Death-rate.

Page 46

In the following table the deaths from tuberculous disease in the Borough since 1916 are shown grouped in periods of three years:—

Three-Year Periods.	Annual average number of deaths from Tuberculous Disease.	Percentage decrease on the period 1916-1918.

Page 47

The following is a summary of the quarterly returns under the Regulations during the year:—

	Pulmonary.		Non-Pulmonary.
	Male.	Female.	Male.	Female.

Page 48

New Cases .—The number of new cases seen at the Dispensaries during the year, including contacts of notified cases, was as follows

Dispensary.	Males.	Females.	Totals.

Page 48

The sources through which these cases were sent to Dispensaries were:—

Souroe.	Dispensary at
	Metropolil	an Hospital.	London Chest Hospital
	Total No.	No. found to be tuberoulous.	Total No.	No. found to be tuberculous.

Page 48

The diagnoses made in re the Dispensaries during the follows:— sgard to the n year, excludii ew cases exam tig contacts, v ined at vere as

Diagnosis.	Dispen	sary at	Totals.
Diagnosis.	Metropolitan Hospital.	London Chest Hospital	Totals.

Page 49

Examination of Home Contacts. —The diagnoses made as regards the 274 contacts examined at the Tuberculosis Dispensaries during the year were

Diagnosis.	Dispensary at		Totals.
Diagnosis.	Metropolitan Hospital.	London Chest Hospital.	Totals.

Page 49

Bacteriological Examinations. —Seven hundred and thirteen specimens of sputum were examined at the Tuberculosis Dispensaries during the year with the following results: —

Result of Examination	Dispensary at
Result of Examination	Metropolitan Hospital.	London Chest Hospital.	Totale.

Page 50

The following are additional details relating to the work of the Tuberculosis Dispensaries during the year:—

	Dispensary at		Totals.
	Metropolitan. Hospital.	London Chest Hospital.	Totals.

Page 52

The work done at the Council's Cleansing Station in 1946 is summarised in the following statement:—

	Scabies.		Head or body lice.		Impetigo	Hot baths.
	Cases. Treatments		Cases.	Treatments	Impetigo	Hot baths.

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Hackney 1946

60 tables in this report

EXTRACTS FROM VITAL STATISTICS OF THE YEAR

Deaths from diseases and accidents of pregnancy and childbirth:—

Death-rate of Infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births:—

BIRTHS AND BIRTH-RATE. Births to Hackney mothers corrected by inward and outward transfers:—

The birth-rates in England and Wales, London and Hackney in the past five years are shown below:—

The following table shows the sources from which the notifications of birth (corrected and uncorrected) were received:—

Short List of Causes of Death at Different Periods of Life of Residents of Hackney during 1946.

Causes of Death—continued.

The death-rates in England and Wales, London and Hackney in the past five years were:—

The infant mortality-rates in England and Wales, London and Hackney in the past five years were:—

The causes of the 107 infant deaths in 1946 are set out in the following table:—

The maternal mortality-rates in England and Wales and in Hackney in the past five years were:—

Ante-Natal and Post-Natal Clinics.— Particulars of attendances

The Medical Superintendent of Hackney Hospital and the Secretary Superintendent of the Salvation Army Mothers' Hospital have kindly supplied the following figures regarding the work of the ante-natal clinics held at those hospitals:—

The proportion of Hackney mothers who attended the Antenatal Clinics at these Hospitals can be judged from the following figures:—

No. of infants born at home

Infant Welfare Clinics. —Particulars of attendances:—

The following statement shows the improved attendances in the last three years:—

Comparison of first attendances with number of births registered.

Dental Clinic. —Particulars of attendances:—

The work done at the dental clinic during the period under review was as follows:—

The cost of this scheme to the Council during the year was:—

The number of patients assisted under this scheme, together with the cost to the Council during the year is shown below:—

Continued from previous page...

Actinotherapy Clinics.— Particulars of attendances:—

1.P rimary Visits. 2.Total Visits. Visits of H???Visitors, 1946.

(a) "National" dried milk and vitamin products made available under the Ministry of Food's arrangements:—

(b) Dried Milk and vitamin products made available under the Council 's arrangements:—

Statement of cases seen at Gynaecological Clinic.

The following table shows the results obtained in the treatment of the 40 patients at the Clinic:—

The following is a statement of the specimens submitted to the Laboratories for examination during the year:—

The following table shows the number of cases attended and the visits paid by the nurses of the Hackney District Nursing Association on the Council's behalf during the year.

The cases dealt with during the year are shown below, together with the comparable figures for the previous year, from which the rate of growth of this service will be seen:—

Details are given in the following table of the patients treated during 1946 at the British Red Cross Society's Clinic at No. 92, Dalston Lane:—

Details of the bodies deposited in the Public Mortuary during the year are given in the following table:—

The following is a summary of the principal forms of inspection and of the action taken by the Sanitary Inspectors during the year:—

The following is a summary of the information secured from the employers' lists during the year:—

The following analysis shows the trades in which the outworkers resident in the Borough are engaged:—

The total weights of food condemned or surrendered during the year were:–

ADULTERATION OF FOOD. There was no reduction in the number of samples taken for analysis, which included

The following table shows the incidence of the various diseases:—

The attack rates for the principal infectious diseases in England and Wales, London and Hackney were as follows:—

Table showing Notifications of Infectious Disease received in 1946, in Age Groups, Admissions to Hospitals, and Deaths

Table..showing..Notifications..of..Infectious..Disease..received..in ..1946 ..in..Electoral..Wards.

The following table gives particulars of the work carried out under the scheme since 1928:—

From the following table it will be seen that the number of cases of tuberculosis notified in Hackney declined fairly steadily from 1920 until 1941, when war-time circumstances commenced to affect the Borough's tuberculosis case rate:—

The following is a summary of the age and sex distribution of the cases notified and the deaths from this disease during the year:—

The following table shows the age and sex distribution of 81 cases of tuberculosis which came to notice during the year otherwise than by notification under the Regulations:—

The sources from which information of these cases was obtained were as follows:—

The number of deaths from tuberculosis and the death-rate in each of the past five years are given below:—

In the following table the deaths from tuberculous disease in the Borough since 1916 are shown grouped in periods of three years:—

The following is a summary of the quarterly returns under the Regulations during the year:—

New Cases .—The number of new cases seen at the Dispensaries during the year, including contacts of notified cases, was as follows

The sources through which these cases were sent to Dispensaries were:—

The diagnoses made in re the Dispensaries during the follows:— sgard to the n year, excludii ew cases exam tig contacts, v ined at vere as

Examination of Home Contacts. —The diagnoses made as regards the 274 contacts examined at the Tuberculosis Dispensaries during the year were

Bacteriological Examinations. —Seven hundred and thirteen specimens of sputum were examined at the Tuberculosis Dispensaries during the year with the following results: —

The following are additional details relating to the work of the Tuberculosis Dispensaries during the year:—

The work done at the Council's Cleansing Station in 1946 is summarised in the following statement:—

(b) for the destruction of vermin :