[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Shoreditch]

Page 2

EXTRACTS FROM VITAL STATISTICS FOR THE YEAR 1931.

	Total.	M.	F.	Birth Rate

Page 3

For purposes of comparison the vital statistics of the Borough during recent years are given in the following table : —

Year	Population estimated to middle of each year	Births			Totai. Deaths Rfgistered in the District		Transferable Deaths		Nett Deaths beloncing to the District
		Uncorrected Number	Nett		Number	Rale	of Nonresidents registered in the District	of residents not registered in the District	Under 1 year of age		At all Ages
		Uncorrected Number	Number	Rate	Number	Rale	of Nonresidents registered in the District	of residents not registered in the District	Number	Rate per 1000 nett Births	Number	Rate
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13

Page 4

ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF LONDON AND SHOREDITCH BIRTH AND DEATH RATES FOR THE YEAR ENDING 2nd JANUARY, 1932.

ANNUAL RATE PER 1,000 PERSONS LIVING.															PERCENTAGE TO TOTAL DEATHS.
BIRTHS.	DEATHS DURING THE YEARS.				DEATHS DURING 1931 FROM										Inquest Cases.	Deaths in Public Institutions.	Uncertified Causes of Death.
	DEATHS DURING THE YEARS.				1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
	1928.	1929.	1930.	1931.	Principal Zymotic Diseases.(cols2-8)	Smallpox	Measles.	Scarlet Fever.	Diphtheria..	Whooping Cough.	*Fever.	+Diarrhcea Enteritis (under 2 year	Tuberculous Disease.	Violence.

Page 5

BIRTH.RATE, DEATH.RATE, AND ANALYSIS OF MORTALITY DURING THE YEAR 1931. (Provisional Figures.) (The mortality rates for England and Wales refer to the whole population but for London and the towns to civilians only).

	Rate per 1,000 Total Population.		Annual Death.rate per 1,000 Population.									Rate per 1,000 Live Births.		Percentage of Total Deaths.
	Live Births.	Still.births	All Causes.	Enteric Fever.	Small.pox.	Measles.	Scarlet Fever.	Whooping Cough.	Diphtheria.	Influenza.	Violence.	Diarrhoea and Enteritis (under two years).	Total Deaths under one year.	Certified by Registered Medical Practitioners.	Inquest cases.	Certified by Coroner after P.M. No Inquest.	Uncertified Causes of Death.

Page 5

The maternal mortality rates for Shoreditch, London, and England and Wales are as follows :—

	Puerperal Sepsis.	Others.	Total.

Page 7

Numbers of persons resident in the Metropolitan Borough of Shoreditch, recorded as unemployed, at quarterly dates in the years 1928 to 1931 : —

Date.	Men.	Women.	Juveniles.	Total.

Page 7

I have also to thank the Chief Officer of Public Assistance of the London County Council for the following figures relating to persons in receipt of domiciliary relief in Shoreditch during the year : —

Week ended (1931).	Number of persons in receipt of domiciliary relief (excluding medical relief only).	Number of persons in receipt of medical relief only.

Page 13

I he population in the various Wards of the Borough is estimated as follows :—

Ward.	Population.	Area in acres*	Density per acre.

Page 13

Numbers of live births registered in the above-named area during the calendar year 1931 : —

Total Live Births (Legitimate and Illegitimate).	Live births registered (excluding re-registration).	Inward Transfers.	Outward Transfers.	Live births allocated to the Borough.

Page 14

The distribution of the corrected births and the birth rates in the eight Wards of the Borough are given below : —

Ward.	Males.	Females.	Total.	Births per 1,000 Population.

Page 14

Still Births. Numbers of still births registered in the above-named area during the calendar year 1931 : —

Total Legitimate and Illegitimate.	Stillbirths registered.	Inward Transfers.	Outward Transfers.	Stillbirths allocated to the Borough.

Page 15

During recent years the corresponding figures have been as follows : —

Year.	No. of marriages.	Marriage Shoreditch.	rate. London.

Page 15

The distribution of the deaths and the death rates in the different Wards are given below : —

Ward.	Males.	Females.	Total.	Deaths per 1,000 population	Deaths of infants under 1 year per 1,000 births registered.

Page 16

In the subjoined table are set forth the various institutions outside Shoreditch with the number of persons belonging to the Borough dying therein : —

	No. of Deaths.		No. of Deaths.
Asylums :—	No. of Deaths.		No. of Deaths.
Brentwood	...	1	General Hospitals—contd.—

Page 17

No. of Deaths. No. of Deaths.

Page 17

PUBLIC MORTUARY, 1931.

Page 18

The causes of deaths at all ages together with Ward distribution and particulars relating to 1 the deaths in Public Institutions in the Borough is contained in the following table:—

CAUSES OF DEATH.	AGES.														DEATACT WARD.													SEX.		Holborn Institution		S. Leonards Hospital		Roy Chest Hospital		Home of Good Shepherd		Convent Hospital		Infant Welfare Centre
CAUSES OF DEATH.	1.	1 to 2.	2 to 5.	5 to 10.	10 to 15.	15 to 20.	20 to 25.	25 to 35.	35 to 45.	45 to 55.	55 to 65.	65 to 75.	75 to 85.	85 and upwards.	Moorfields.				Wenlock.	Whitmore.		Kingsland.		Haggerston.		Acton.		Male.	Female.	Belonging to Shoreditch.	Not belonging to Shoreditch	Belonging to Shoreditch.	Not belonging to Shoreditch	Belonging to Shoreditch.	Not belonging to Shoreditch	Belonging to Shoreditch.	Not belonging to Shoreditch	Belonging to Shoreditch.	Not belonging to Shoreditch	Belonging to Shoreditch.	Not belonging to Shoreditch

Page 19

Deaths of Infants under one year per 1,000 births registered : —

Year.	England. and Wales.	London.	Shoreditch.

Page 20

Infantile Mortality in the Borough during Year, 1931.

CAUSE OF DEATH.	*AGES.											*DEATHS IN EACH WARD.								SEX.
CAUSE OF DEATH.	Under 1 day.	1 day 1 week.	1-2 weeks.	2-3 weeks.	3-4 weeks.	Total under 1 month.	1-3 months.	3-6 months.	6-9 months.	9-12 months.	Total under 1 year.	Moorfields.	Church.	Hoxton.	Wenlock.	Whitmore.	Kingsland.	Haggerston.	Acton.	Male.	Female.

Page 21

For purposes of comparison the maternal mortality rates per 1,000 live births in England and Wales, London and Shoreditch, during the year 1931 and ten preceding years are given as follows : —

Year.	Deaths from Sepsis.	Deaths from other diseases 1 and accidents of Pregnancy.	Total.	Deaths from Sepsis.	Deaths from other diseases and accidents of Pregnancy.	Total.	Deaths from Sepsis.	Deaths from other diseases and accidents of Pregnancy.	Total.

Page 22

MATERNAL MORTALITY, 1931.

	AGES.							Married.	Single.	Widowed.	WARDS.
	15 to 20 yrs.	20 to 25 yrs.	25 to 30 yrs.	30 to 35 yrs.	35 to 40 yrs.	40 to 45 yrs. -1	45 yrs.	Married.	Single.	Widowed.	Moorfields.	Church.	Hoxton.	Wenlock.	Whitmore.	Kingsland.	Haggerston.	Acton.

Page 23

The deaths from Cancer during) the last five years per million persons iving are given in the following comparative table :—

	England and Wales.	London.	Shoreditch.

Page 25

Deaths from Cancer in the Borough during Year, 1931.

	AGES.										SEX.		WARDS.
	0 to 15.	15 to 20.	20 to 25.	25 to 35.	35 to 45.	45 to 55.	55 to 65.	65 to 75.	75 to 85.	85 and up.	Male.	Female.	Moorfields.		Church.		Hoxton.		Wenlock.		Whitmore.		Kingsland.		Haggerston.		Acton.
													M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F

Page 26

Notifiable Disease. Excluding' tuberculosis, the deaths during the year from notifiable infectious diseases numbered 158 (12"8 per cent, of the total deaths. The corresponding number for 1930 was 140 (116 per cent, of total deaths). The following table shows the numbers of cases of infectious disease (tuberculosis excluded) notified in the Borough, together with distribution as to quarter, age and Ward :—

NOTIFIABLE DISEASE.	1st Quarter	2nd Quarter	3rd Quarter	4th Quarter	Total	AGES.							WARDS.								Cases removed to Hospital	Diagnosis > evised subsequently	Deaths
						AGES.							I	II	III	IV	V	VI	VII	VIII
						Under 1 year	1 to 5	5 to 15	15 to 25 1-	25 to 45	45 to 65	65	Moor-fields	Church	Hoxton	Wen-lock	Whit-niore	Kings-land	Hagger-ston	Acton

Page 27

The age, Seasonal and Ward distribution are included in the table on page 2 Further information is contained in the following table : —

Ward.	No. of cases.			Fatal Cases.			Rates per 1,000 Population.		Case Mortality. Deaths per 100 cases.
Ward.	M.	F.	Total.	M.	F.	Total.	Attack	Death	Case Mortality. Deaths per 100 cases.

Page 28

Cases Notified.

	England & Wales.	London.	Shoreditch.

Page 30

VACCINATION OFFICERS' RETURN RESPECTING THE VACCINATION OF CHILDREN WHOSE BIRTHS WERE REGISTERED IN 1930.

Date.	Registration sub-districts comprised in vaccination officers' district.	Number of births returned in birth list sheets.	Number of these births duly entered in Columns 1, 2, 4 and 5 of the vaccination register (birth list sheets), viz. :—				Number of these births which are not entered in the vaccination register, on account (as shown by report book), of
			Column 1, successfully vaccinated.	Column 2.		Column 5, dead, unvac-cinated.	Postponement by medical certificate.	Removed to other districts and notified to vaccination officers of the districts.	Removal to places unknown, or which cannot be reached, and cases not having been found.	Cases remaining or temporarily unaccounted for.	Total number of certificates of successful vaccination received during the calendar >ear 1931.	Number of Statutory Declarations of Conscientious Objection actually received by the Vaccination Officer irrespective of the dates of birth of the children to which they relate, during the Calendar Year 1931.
			Column 1, successfully vaccinated.	I nsus-ceptible of vaccination.	Certificate of conscientious objection.	Column 5, dead, unvac-cinated.	Postponement by medical certificate.			Cases remaining or temporarily unaccounted for.
1931.	1	2	3	4	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13

Page 31

Return showing the number of persons successfully vaccinated and re-vaccinated at the cost of the Rates by the Medical Officers of the Poor Law Institutions and the Public Vaccinators during the year ended 30th September, 1931 : — Shoreditch Borough Council.

Name of Poor Law Institution or Vaccination District.	Name of Medical Officer or Public Vaccinator.	Numbers of successful primary vaccinations of persons.			Number of successful re-vaccinations, i.e., successful vaccinations of persons who had been successfully vaccinated at some previous time.	Observations.
Name of Poor Law Institution or Vaccination District.	Name of Medical Officer or Public Vaccinator.	Under one year of age.	One year and upwards.	Total.		Observations.

Page 32

table on page 26. There were no fatal cases. The number of cases and the attack rates in the Borough and Wards are given in the subjoined table :— (See also table on page 26).

Ward.	No. of cases.			Fatal Cases.			Rates per 1,000 Population.		Case Mortality. Deaths per 100 cases.
	Male.	Fein ale.	Total.	Male.	Female.	Total.	Rates per 1,000 Population.
	Male.	Fein ale.	Total.	Male.	Female.	Total.	Attack	Death

Page 33

The number of cases, the deaths amongst males and females and the attack, death and mortality rates in the Borough, its Wards and in London are given in the subjoined table : —

Ward.	No. of cases.			Fatal Cases.			Rates per 1,000 Population.		Case Mortality. Deaths per 100 cases.
	M.	F.	Total.	M.	F.	Total.	Rates per 1,000 Population.
	M.	F.	Total.	M.	F.	Total.	Attack	Death

Page 34

The number of cases notified per 1,000 population are compared in the following table : —

	1922	1923	1924	1925	1926	1927	1928	1929	1930	1931

Page 34

Home enquiries were made in the majority of cases notified. The age distribution was as follows : —

Age period.	Male.	Female.	Total.

Page 36

A comparison between London and Shoreditch is contained in the following table: —

	Per 1,000 inhabitants.		Deaths per
	Attack rate.	Death rate.	100 cases.

Page 37

London. Shoreditch.

Year.	Cases.	Cases per 1,000 births.	Deaths.	Deaths per 1,000 births.	Cases.	Cases per 1,000 births.	Deaths.	Deaths per 1,000 births.

Page 38

and the mother should accordingly also undergo treatment. Unfortunately however, it is only possible to arrange this in very few cases.

Cases.			Vision unimpaired	Vision impaired.	Total blindness.	Deaths.
Notified.	Treated at home.	In Hospital	Vision unimpaired	Vision impaired.	Total blindness.	Deaths.

Page 39

The number of deaths from this disease in London and Shoreditch during recent years have been as follows : —

Page 41

As will be seen from the following table, measles is a disease which tends to become widespread every few years, for the reason that after a bad measles year a large number of children are protected by the fact that they have had the disease.

Year	Shoreditch	London	Shoreditch	London

Page 43

Whooping Cough. The number of deaths from this disease in Shoreditch during 1931 and preceding years were as follows : —

Year.	Deaths.	Year.	Deaths.

Page 44

Influenza. Influenza was more prevalent both in Shoreditch and in London as a whole in 1931 than during the immediately preceding year. Comparative figures for recent years are contained in the following table : —

shoreditch.			london.
Year.	Deaths.	Deaths per 1,000 population.	Deaths.	Deaths per 1,000 population.

Page 44

From the following table it will be seen that the deaths from this disease both of children under one and those under two years of age were greater during 1931 than during 1930. In this respect Shoreditch differs from London as a whole, in which the death rate from this disease was less in 1931 than in 1930.

	Deaths under two years.				Deaths under one year.
	Total number.		Rate per 1,000 Population.		Total number.		Rate per 1,000 births.		Percentage or deaths under 1 year.
	1930	1931	1930	1931	1930	1931	1930	1931	1930	1931

Page 45

The particulars of these exclusions from school are as follows : —

Disease from which suffering or to which exposed.	Number of exclusions from School.

Page 46

Subjoined is a list of cases nursed under this agreement during the year 1931.

Disease	Under 5	Visits	Disease	Over 5	Visits

Page 49

The total number of Intimations served as to insanitary conditions was 5,586. The number served by each Sanitary Inspector was as follows: —

Page 50

The work done in compliance with the provisions of the Factory and Workshops Act, 1901, and in connection with the drains and sanitary arrangements of new buildings is included: —

Inspections, 1931.	Wright.	Chapman.	Sickelmore.	Thomas.	Molloy.	Bishop.	Girling.	Stratton.	Walker.	Gibbs.	Shaw.	Grant.	Totals.

Page 51

continued from previous page

Work done, 1931.	Wright.	Chapman	Sickelinore.	Thomas.	Molloy.	Bishop.	Girling.	Stratton.	Walker.	Gibbs.	Totals.

Page 52

The following summary follows in the main return made to the Medical Officer of Health of the London County Council for inclusion in his Annual Report for the year 1931: — Sanitary Area.

premises.	number OF places—				Number of inspections, 1931.	Number of notices, 1931.	Number of prosecutions, 1931.
premises.	On register at end of 1930	Added in 1931	Removed in 1931	On register st end of 1931	Number of inspections, 1931.	Number of notices, 1931.	Number of prosecutions, 1931.

Page 53

Number of Notices served—

Page 55

Rats and Mice Destruction Act, 1919. Summary.

Inspectors.	Wright.	Chapman.	Sickelmore.	Thomas.	Molloy.	Bishop.	Girling.	Stratton.	Walker.	Gibbs.	Total.

Page 58

The results of the year's work are summarized in the following Table: —

Quarter of 1931.	Number of Samples taken.	Number of Samples Adulterated.	Percentage Adulterated.	Number of Prosecutions Instituted.	Prosecutions withdrawn because of Warranties, &c.	Prosecutions Proceeded with.	Number of Successful Prosecutions.	Fines and Costs.			Amount paid to Analyst for Samples Analysed.

Page 60

In the subjoined table are shown the number of samples of milk taken during the four quarters of the year, with the numbers and percentage of those not found to be genuine: —

Quarter of the year.	Number of Samples.	Number not genuine.	Percentage adulterated.

Page 61

Continued from previous page...

	Solids other than Fat. Legal standard 8.5%.	Milk Fat. Legal standard 3%.

Page 61

The subjoined table gives a comparison of the results of the work under the Sale of Food and Drugs Acts for the years 1907-1931 inclusive: —

Year.	Number of Samples.	Number of persons in the Borough to each Sample.	Number of Samples adulterated.	Percentage of samples adulterated.	Number of prosecutions instituted.	Summonses withdrawn on account of warranties.	Prosecutions proceeded with.	Number of successful prosecutions.	Fines and Costs.			Amount paid to Public Analyst.
									£	s.	d.	£	s.	d.

Page 62

The following table shows the results of bacteriological analysis of samples of milk sold under this Order: —

No. of Sample.	Designation of Milk.	No. of bacteria per cubic centimetre.	Presence of coliform bacillus.	Remarks.

Page 62

The results of the bacteriological examination of nine samples of ordinary milk are given in the following table: —

Sample No. Date when taken.	B. Coli present.	Colonies growing at 37 C. per c.cm.	Colonies growing at 22 C. per c.cm.	B. Sporogenes and Welchii present in 10 c.cm.

Page 64

R egistered W orkshops —1931.

Workshops on the Register (s. 131) at the end of the year.				Number.
(1)				(2)

Page 65

Premises.	Number of
Premises.	Inspections.	Written Notices.	Prosecutions.
(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)

Page 65

The defects found and dealt with were as follows: —

Particulars.		Number of Defects.			Number of Prosecutions.
Particulars.		Found.	Remedied.	Referred to H.M. Inspector.	Number of Prosecutions.

Page 66

Other Matters.

Class.		Number.

Page 66

The following is an abstract of the sanitary work carried out in compliance with these notices: —

Page 67

The address of those non- resident were forward to the sanitary authorities of the deistrict to which they belonged

NATURE OF WORK.	OUTWORKERS LISTS, SECTION 107.									Outwork in unwholesome premises. Section 108.			Outwork in infected premises. Sections 109 and 110.
	Lists received from Employers.						Notices served on Occupiers as to keeping or sending Lists.	Prosecutions.		Instances.	Notices served	Prosecutions.	Instances.	Orders made (S. 109)	Prosecutions. (S. 109. 110.)
	Twice in the Year.			Once in the Year.				Failing to keep or permit inspection	Failing to send Lists.
	Lists.	Outworkers.		Lists.	Outworkers.
	Lists.	Contra tors	Work-men.	Lists.	Contractors	Workmen.
(l)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)	(9)	(10)	(11)	(12)	(13)	(14)	(15)	(16)

Page 68

The following table shows the numbers of addresses of outworkers received from the sanitary authorities referred to during 1931.

DISTRICTS.	Making Wearing Apparel.		Toys and Crackers.		Artificial Flowers.		Furniture and Upholstery.		Fui-Pulling		Lace Curtains		Umbrellas. &c.		Paper Bags and Boxes		Brush Making		Fancy Leather Goods.		Card Mounting.		Sponges.		Totals.
DISTRICTS.	Feb.	Aug.	Feb.	Aug.	Feb.	Aug.	Feb.	Aug.	Feb.	Aug.	Feb.	Aug.	Feb.	Aug.	Feb.	Aug.	Feb.	Aug.	Feb.	Aug.	Feb.	Aug.	Feb.	Aug.	Totals.

Page 69

The following is a full list of legal proceedings instituted during the year under report:— Public Health (London) Act, 1891, and Bye-Laws.

Date.		Nature of Offence.	Fine.			Costs.			Remarks.
			£	s.	d.	£	s.	d.

Page 70

Continued from previous page...

Date.	Nature of Offence.	Fine.			Costs.			Remarks.

Page 71

Continued from previous page...

Date.	Nature of Offence.	Fine.	Costs.	Remarks.

Page 71

F ood and D rugs (A dulteration ) A ct , 1928. P ublic H ealth (P reservatives, etc., in F ood ) R egulations , 1925 to 1927. M ilk and D airies O rder , 1926. P ublic H ealth (M eat ) R egulations , 1924.

Date.	Nature of Offence.	Fine.	Costs.	Remarks.

Page 72

Continued from previous page...

Date.	Nature of Offence.	Fine.	Costs.	Remarks.

Page 75

F ORM T.137, 1931. Part I. —Summary of Notifications during the period from the 28th December, 1930, to the 2nd January, 1932: —

Age periods	FORMAL NOTIFICATIONS.
	Number of Primary Notifications of new cases of Tuberculosis.												Total Notifications
	0 to 1	1 to 5	5 to 10	10 to 15	15 to 20	20 to 25	25 to 35	35 to 45	45 to 55	55 to 65	65 and upwards	Total (all ages)	Total Notifications

Page 75

S upplemental R eturn. Part II. —New cases of Tuberculosis coming to the knowledge of the Medical Officer of Health during the above-mentioned period, otherwise than ay formal notification :—

Age periods		0 to 1.	1 to 5.	5 to 10.	10 to 15.	15 to 20.	20 to 25.	25 to 35.	35 to 45.	45 to 55.	55 to 65.	65 and upwards.	Total (all ages).

Page 76

Part III: — N otification R egister.

	Pulmonary			Non-Pulmonary			Total Cases
	Males	Females	Total	Males	Females	Total	Total Cases

Page 77

The distribution of the cases notified among the different Wards was as follows:—

Ward.	Pulmonary.	Non-Pulmonary.	Total.	No. per 1,000 inhabitants.

Page 77

These notifications are summarized below : —

	Number of Notifications on Form I (of admission of case to Institution).		Number of Notifications on Form II (of discharge of case from Institution).
	Poor Law Institutions.	Sanatoria.	Poor Law Institutions.	Sanatoria.

Page 78

The following comparative figures for recent years show that tuberculosis is becoming less prevalent in Shoreditch:—

Year.	Total Number Primary Notifications.	Notifications per 1,000 Inhabitants.
Year.	Total Number Primary Notifications.	Pulmonary.	Non-Pulmonary.	All forms.

Page 78

Particulars of new cases of tuberculosis and of all deaths from the disease in Shoreditch during 1931 are given in the following table : —

Age Periods.	New Cases.				Deaths.
	Pulmonary.		Non-Pulmonary.		Pulmonary.		Non-Pulmonary.
	M.	F.	M.	F.	M.	F.	M.	F.

Page 79

The interval elapsing between notification and death is an indication of the efficiency of notification. In the following table the deaths from tuberculosis are classified according to this interval:—

	Male		Female		Total
	Pulmonary	Non-Pulmonary	Pulmonary	Non-Pulmonary	Total

Page 80 81

The deaths from tuberculosis, which numbered 106, are classified as to situation of disease and ward in the following table : — DEATHS FROM TUBERCULOSIS IN THE BOROUGH DURING 1931.

	AGES.													DEATHS IN EACH WARD.								SEX.		TOTAL.	DEATHS.
	Under 1 year.	1 to 2 years.	2 to 5 years.	5 to 10 years.	10 to 15 years.	15 to 20 years.	20 to 25 years.	25 to 35 years.	35 to 45 years.	45 to 55 years.	55 to 65 years.	65 to 75 years.	75 and upwards.	Moorfields.	Church.	Hoxton.	Wenlock.	Whitmore.	Kingsland.	Haggerston.	Acton.	Male.	Female.		Not in Institutions.	St. Leonard's Hospital.		Other tutions. Insti-
	Under 1 year.	1 to 2 years.	2 to 5 years.	5 to 10 years.	10 to 15 years.	15 to 20 years.	20 to 25 years.	25 to 35 years.	35 to 45 years.	45 to 55 years.	55 to 65 years.	65 to 75 years.	75 and upwards.	Moorfields.	Church.	Hoxton.	Wenlock.	Whitmore.	Kingsland.	Haggerston.	Acton.	Male.	Female.		Not in Institutions.	Belonging to Shoreditch.	Not belonging to Shoreditch.	Belonging to Shoreditch.	Not belonging to Shoreditch.

Page 80 81

DEATHS PER MILLION POPULATION FROM TUBERCULOSIS.

	Respiratory Tuberculosis.			Other Tuberculosis.
	Males.	Females.	Persons.	Males.	Females.	Persons.

Page 80 81

The death rates per 1,000 from all forms of Tuberculosis in Shoreditch and London during the last 10 years are compared in the following table: —

Year.	Shoreditch.	London.

Page 83

TUBERCULOSIS SCHEME of the Shorediteh Metropolitan Borough Council. Memo. 37/T (Revised). Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Supplementary Annual Return showing in summary form (a) the condition at the end of 1931 of all patients remaining on the Dispensary Register; and (b) the reasons for the removal of all cases written off the Register. The Table is arranged according to the years in which the patients were first entered on the Dispensary Register as definite cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, and their classification at that time.

Condition at the time of the last record made during the year to which the Return relates				Previous to 1926					1926					1927					1928					1929					1930					1931
				Class T.B. minus	Class T.B. plus				Class T.B. minus	Class T.B. plus				Class T.B. minus	Class T.B. plus				Class T.B. minus	Class T.B. plus				Class T.B. minus	Class T.B. plus				Class T.B. minus	Class T.B. plus				Class T.B. minus	Class T.B. plus
				Class T.B. minus	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Total (Class T.B. plus)	Class T.B. minus	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Total (Class T.B. plus)	Class T.B. minus	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Total (Class T.B. plus)	Class T.B. minus	Group 1	Group 2 1	Group 3	Total (Class T.B. plus)	Class T.B. minus	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Total (Class T.B. plus)	Class T.B. minus	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Total (Class T.B. plus)	Class T.B. minus	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Total (Class T.B. plus)

Page -

Non-Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Supplementary Annual Return showing in summary form (a) the condition at the end of 1931 of all patients remaining on the Dispensary Register; and (b) the reasons for the removal of all cases written off the Register.

Condition at the time of the last record made during the year to which the Return relates				Previous to 1926					1926					1927					1928					1929					1930					1931
				Bones and Joints	Abdominal	Other Organs	Peripheral Glands	Total	Bones and Joints	Abdominal	Other Organs	Peripheral Glands	Total	Bones and Joints	Abdominal	Other Organs	Peripheral Glands	Total	Bones and Joints	Abdominal	Other Organs	Peripheral Glands	Total	Bones and Joints	Abdominal	Other Organs	Peripheral Glands	Total	Bones and Joints	Abdominal	Other Organs	Peripheral Glands	Total	Bones and Joints	Abdominal	Other Organs	Peripheral Glands	Total

Page -

Tuberculosis Scheme of the Shoreditch Metropolitan Borough Council. Return showing the work of the Dispensary during the year 1931. Memo. 37/T (Revised).

Diagnosis.	Pulmonary.				Non-pulmonary.				Total.				Grand Total.
	Adults. Children.				Adults. Children.				Adults. Children.
	M.	F.	M.	F.	M.	F.	M.	F.	M.	F.	M.	F.

Page 85

Further figures relating to the work of the Dispensary are given in the following tables:—

		1930	1931

Page 85

The comparative numbers of insured and non-insured attendances were :

Page 85

Special Sessions for School Children. The number of attendances made each month are shown in the following table : —

	1930	1931		1930	1931

Page 86

Laboratory examinations made at the Dispensary during the year : —

Page 93

Table 1.—Inspection and Treatment of Children.

	No. of primary examinations	No. of 1st Attendances for Course of Treatment	No. of extractions (teeth)	Local Anæsthetics	General Anæsthetics	No. of Fillings		No. of scalings	No. of Orthodontic plates fitted	Orthodontic visits		No. of surgical operations	No. of other operations	No. of visits
	No. of primary examinations	No. of 1st Attendances for Course of Treatment	No. of extractions (teeth)	Local Anæsthetics	General Anæsthetics	Complete	Temporary	No. of scalings	No. of Orthodontic plates fitted	1st(a)	Subsequent(b)	No. of surgical operations	No. of other operations	No. of visits
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)		(6)	(7)	(8)		(9)	(10)	(11)	(12)

Page 94

T able II.—I nspection and T reatment of A dults.

	No. of primary examinations	No. of 1st Attendances for Course of Treatment	No. of extractions (teeth)	Local Anæsthetics	General Anæsthetics	No. of Fillings		No. of scalings	No. of dentures fitted	No. of repairs to dentures	No. of surgical operations	No. of other operations	No. of visits
	No. of primary examinations	No. of 1st Attendances for Course of Treatment	No. of extractions (teeth)	Local Anæsthetics	General Anæsthetics	Complete	Temporary	No. of scalings	No. of dentures fitted	No. of repairs to dentures	No. of surgical operations	No. of other operations	No. of visits

Page 95

Table III.—Analysis of Visits.

Sessions.	Morning.	Afternoon.	Evening.	Total.	No. of M. & C.W. Visits.				Anaesthetic Sessions. Attendances.
					Women.		Children.
					1st	Subsequent.	1st	Subsequent.

Page 97

After verification by the Enquiry Officer this statement is used to fix the proportion of the full charge to be paid, the remissions being 25, 50, 75 and 100 per cent, in accordance with the following income limits approved by the Council.

No. in family.		No charge to be made.		To pay 25% of maximum.		To pay 50% of maximum.		To pay 75% of maximum.
		s.	d.	s.	d.	s.	d.	s.	d.

Page 97

A comparison of the work done each year since the Hospital was opened is contained in the following table:—

	1927. From 31st March Five Sessions.	1928, Five Sessions.	1929. Jan.-May, Five Sessions. June-Dec., Eleven Sessions.	1930. Eleven Sessions.	1931. Eleven Sessions.

Page 101

Finances of the Hospital. The following figures taken from memoranda prepared by the Borough Treasurer are of interest as showing changes that have taken place in the general financial position of the Hospital since the introduction of the new scale of charges on April 1st, 1931.

	Old Scale of Charges. Nine months 1.4.30 to 31.12.30.						New Scale of Charges. Nine months 1.4.31 to 31.12.31.

Page -

COMPARATIVE CENSUS FIGURES 1921 AND 1931, RELATING TO POPULATION AND HOUSING, IN THE EIGHT WARDS, SHOREDITCH AND LONDON.

	Population.		Area in Acres.	Persons per Acre.		No. of families (Schedules).		Persons per family.		Structurally separate dwellings.		Rooms.		Rooms per person, r
	1921	1931		1921	1931	1921	1931	1921	1931	1921 occupied.	1931 occupied or not.	1921 occupied.	1931 occupied or not.	1921	1931

Page 115

Particulars of the attendances of this clinic since its inception are contained in the following table:—

Year.	No. of individuals treated.	Total Attendances.	Average No. of Attendances made per Patient.

Page 116

The number of cases reported from the Welfare Centres for dental treatment since this has been available are as follows:—

Year.	First Attendances.	Total Attendances.

Page 118

Milk Allowances. An allowance of milk is made to necessitous nursing and expectant mothers and to children under five years of age whose parents are necessitous. These allowances, which are made upon the recommendation of the Health Visitor, and the certificate of the Assistant Medical Officer of Health, after report by the Enquiry Officer, are as follows : —

Page 118

Necessitousness referred to above in connection with allowance of dinners or milk is determined by the application of the following scale to the family income. This scale was revised in February, as follows : —

No. in family.	Net family income per head.
No. in family.	Free Dinners and Milk.		Half-price Dinners and Milk.

Page 120

Continued from previous page...

All Entrants.
	Girls.	Boys.	Total.	Percentage of Total.

Page 120

Particulars of the occurrence of certain defects.

Defect.	Girls.	Boys.	Total.

Page 120

An interesting comparison may be made between the number of detective school entrants in Shoreditch and in London as a whole : —

	London.			Shoreditch.
	1929	1930	1931	1929	1930	1931

Page 121

The numbers of individual expectant mothers visited and subsequent visits paid to these during recent years are shown in the following table : —

	1925	1926	1927	1928	1929	1930	1931

Page 122

Particulars of attendances at the ante-natal clinics during recent years are contained in the following table : —

	1925	1926	1927	1928	1929	1930	1931

Page 124

Application for a Home Help is made by the husband, who is required to state his earnings and to give the name of his employer. The Home Help is provided in those cases in which the family income per head is within the following scale: —

Number in Family.	Income per head after deduction of rent.
Number in Family.	Free.		Half price, i.e., 6d. per hour.

Page 127

Table showing Income per Head, for the purpose of fixing Scale of Charges.

Number in Family.	Income per head, after deducting rent, National Health and Unemployment Insurance Contributions, not more than :—
Number in Family.	" A " Scale.	" B " Scale.	" C " Scale.	" D " Scale.	" E " Scale.	" F " Scale.	" G " Scale.	" H " Scale.	" I " Scale.	" J" Scale.

Page 128

The following Schedule shows the amounts to be paid by applicants whose income places them in one of the Scales "A" to "J" of the income per head of family : —

	Charges.
	1st Child.	Other Children.

Page 129

" H " Scale.

Page 135

Necessitousness under this scheme is determined by the application of the "milk scale" (see p. 118). In the case of parents falling within the half price scale, the Council pays 4½-d. per day to the Nursery and the parent 4½d. Payments under this scheme amounted, during 1931, to £169 6s. 7d. The numbers of children and attendances since the commencement of this arrangement are shown in the following table :

Year.	No. of Children.	At full cost.	At half cost.	Total Attendances.

Page 140

Statistical Report for 52 Weeks ending 26th Dec., 1931, upon the Work of the Health Visitors.

	Health Visitors' Districts.
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	Total.

Page 141

Number of First Attendances of Infants and Children at Welfare Clinics.

		Health Visitors' Districts.
		1.	2.	3.	4.	5.	6.	7.	Total.

Page 142

Total Attendances of Infants and Children at Welfare Clinics.

	Health Visitors' Districts.
	1.	2	3.	4.	5.	6.	7.	Total.

Page 143

Total Attendances of Infants and Children at Welfare Ci.inics— continued.

	Health Visitors' Districts.
	1.	2.	3.	4.	5.	6.	7.	Total

Page 144

Ante Natal Consultations.

	Health Visitors' Districts.
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	Total

Page 145

Child Welfare Consultations.

	Health Visitors' District No.	Infants seen by Doctor.		Children (1-5) yrs. seen by Doctor.
	Health Visitors' District No.	For 1st time.	Total No.	For 1st time.	Total No.

Page 145

Report on Infants Attending Doctors' Consultations.

	Health Visitors' Districts.							Total.
	1.	2.	3.	4.	5.	6.	7	Total.

Page 148

The attendances at the Health Week Exhibition were as follows:—

Days.	School Children. Morning.	2-9 p.m.	Total.

London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972

View report tables

Shoreditch 1931

113 tables in this report

EXTRACTS FROM VITAL STATISTICS FOR THE YEAR 1931.

For purposes of comparison the vital statistics of the Borough during recent years are given in the following table : —

ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF LONDON AND SHOREDITCH BIRTH AND DEATH RATES FOR THE YEAR ENDING 2nd JANUARY, 1932.

BIRTH.RATE, DEATH.RATE, AND ANALYSIS OF MORTALITY DURING THE YEAR 1931. (Provisional Figures.) (The mortality rates for England and Wales refer to the whole population but for London and the towns to civilians only).

The maternal mortality rates for Shoreditch, London, and England and Wales are as follows :—

Numbers of persons resident in the Metropolitan Borough of Shoreditch, recorded as unemployed, at quarterly dates in the years 1928 to 1931 : —

I have also to thank the Chief Officer of Public Assistance of the London County Council for the following figures relating to persons in receipt of domiciliary relief in Shoreditch during the year : —

I he population in the various Wards of the Borough is estimated as follows :—

Numbers of live births registered in the above-named area during the calendar year 1931 : —

The distribution of the corrected births and the birth rates in the eight Wards of the Borough are given below : —

Still Births. Numbers of still births registered in the above-named area during the calendar year 1931 : —

During recent years the corresponding figures have been as follows : —

The distribution of the deaths and the death rates in the different Wards are given below : —

In the subjoined table are set forth the various institutions outside Shoreditch with the number of persons belonging to the Borough dying therein : —

No. of Deaths. No. of Deaths.

PUBLIC MORTUARY, 1931.

The causes of deaths at all ages together with Ward distribution and particulars relating to 1 the deaths in Public Institutions in the Borough is contained in the following table:—

Deaths of Infants under one year per 1,000 births registered : —

Infantile Mortality in the Borough during Year, 1931.

For purposes of comparison the maternal mortality rates per 1,000 live births in England and Wales, London and Shoreditch, during the year 1931 and ten preceding years are given as follows : —

MATERNAL MORTALITY, 1931.

The deaths from Cancer during) the last five years per million persons iving are given in the following comparative table :—

Deaths from Cancer in the Borough during Year, 1931.

The age, Seasonal and Ward distribution are included in the table on page 2 Further information is contained in the following table : —

Cases Notified.

VACCINATION OFFICERS' RETURN RESPECTING THE VACCINATION OF CHILDREN WHOSE BIRTHS WERE REGISTERED IN 1930.

Return showing the number of persons successfully vaccinated and re-vaccinated at the cost of the Rates by the Medical Officers of the Poor Law Institutions and the Public Vaccinators during the year ended 30th September, 1931 : — Shoreditch Borough Council.

table on page 26. There were no fatal cases. The number of cases and the attack rates in the Borough and Wards are given in the subjoined table :— (See also table on page 26).

The number of cases, the deaths amongst males and females and the attack, death and mortality rates in the Borough, its Wards and in London are given in the subjoined table : —

The number of cases notified per 1,000 population are compared in the following table : —

Home enquiries were made in the majority of cases notified. The age distribution was as follows : —

A comparison between London and Shoreditch is contained in the following table: —

London. Shoreditch.

and the mother should accordingly also undergo treatment. Unfortunately however, it is only possible to arrange this in very few cases.

The number of deaths from this disease in London and Shoreditch during recent years have been as follows : —

As will be seen from the following table, measles is a disease which tends to become widespread every few years, for the reason that after a bad measles year a large number of children are protected by the fact that they have had the disease.

Whooping Cough. The number of deaths from this disease in Shoreditch during 1931 and preceding years were as follows : —

Influenza. Influenza was more prevalent both in Shoreditch and in London as a whole in 1931 than during the immediately preceding year. Comparative figures for recent years are contained in the following table : —

The particulars of these exclusions from school are as follows : —

Subjoined is a list of cases nursed under this agreement during the year 1931.

The total number of Intimations served as to insanitary conditions was 5,586. The number served by each Sanitary Inspector was as follows: —

The work done in compliance with the provisions of the Factory and Workshops Act, 1901, and in connection with the drains and sanitary arrangements of new buildings is included: —

continued from previous page

The following summary follows in the main return made to the Medical Officer of Health of the London County Council for inclusion in his Annual Report for the year 1931: — Sanitary Area.

Number of Notices served—

Rats and Mice Destruction Act, 1919. Summary.

The results of the year's work are summarized in the following Table: —

In the subjoined table are shown the number of samples of milk taken during the four quarters of the year, with the numbers and percentage of those not found to be genuine: —

Continued from previous page...

The subjoined table gives a comparison of the results of the work under the Sale of Food and Drugs Acts for the years 1907-1931 inclusive: —

The following table shows the results of bacteriological analysis of samples of milk sold under this Order: —

The results of the bacteriological examination of nine samples of ordinary milk are given in the following table: —

R egistered W orkshops —1931.

The defects found and dealt with were as follows: —

Other Matters.

The following is an abstract of the sanitary work carried out in compliance with these notices: —

The address of those non- resident were forward to the sanitary authorities of the deistrict to which they belonged

The following table shows the numbers of addresses of outworkers received from the sanitary authorities referred to during 1931.

The following is a full list of legal proceedings instituted during the year under report:— Public Health (London) Act, 1891, and Bye-Laws.

Continued from previous page...

Continued from previous page...

F ood and D rugs (A dulteration ) A ct , 1928. P ublic H ealth (P reservatives, etc., in F ood ) R egulations , 1925 to 1927. M ilk and D airies O rder , 1926. P ublic H ealth (M eat ) R egulations , 1924.

Continued from previous page...

F ORM T.137, 1931. Part I. —Summary of Notifications during the period from the 28th December, 1930, to the 2nd January, 1932: —

S upplemental R eturn. Part II. —New cases of Tuberculosis coming to the knowledge of the Medical Officer of Health during the above-mentioned period, otherwise than ay formal notification :—

Part III: — N otification R egister.

The distribution of the cases notified among the different Wards was as follows:—

These notifications are summarized below : —

The following comparative figures for recent years show that tuberculosis is becoming less prevalent in Shoreditch:—

Particulars of new cases of tuberculosis and of all deaths from the disease in Shoreditch during 1931 are given in the following table : —