Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for London County Council]
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Legitimate | Illegitimate | Total |
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Postabortion | Other pregnancy and childbirth | Total |
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Year | Illegitimate live births | Illegitimate live births as a percentage of total live births | |
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London A.C. | England and Wales |
Deaths | Rate per 1,000 population |
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1950 | 1951 | 1952 | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 | Average |
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15-44 | 45-64 | 65-74 | 75+ | All ages over 14 |
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1950 | 1951 | 1952 | 1953 | |||||||||
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M. | F. | T. | M. | F. | T. | M. | F. | T. | M. | F. | T. |
1954 | 1955 | 1956 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M. | F. | T. | M. | F. | T. | M. | F. | T. |
15-44 | 45-64 | 65-74 | 75+ | All ages |
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Age Group | 1950 | 1951 | 1952 | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 |
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Age and Sex | 1948 | 1949 | 1950 | 1951 | 1952 | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 |
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Cause | No. of deaths | Per cent of total | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
1955 | 1956 | 1955 | 1956 |
Year(s) | London | England and Wales | Year | London | England and Wales |
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Year | Live births and stillbirths | Deaths in pregnancy or child-birth excluding abortion | Post-abortion deaths | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | Rate per 1,000 total births | No. | Rate† |
Year | Notifications by age | Deaths by age | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0-4 | 5-14 | 15+ | 0-4 | 5-14 | 15+ |
Year | Notifications by age | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
0-4 | 5-14 | 15+ | Total |
Percentage of notifications in age groups | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Year | 0-4 | 5-14 | 15+ | Total |
Deaths from heart disease under 45 years | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rate per 1,000 living | |||||
Year | 0-4 | 5-14 | 15-44 | Total | (0-44) |
Year(s) | Pulmonary tuberculosis | Non-pulmonary tuberculosis | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Statutory notifications | Deaths | Statutory notifications | Deaths | |||||
No. | Annual rate per 1,000 living | No. | Annual rate per 1,000 living | No. | Annual rate per 1,000 living | No. | Annual rate per 1,000 living |
Year | Age | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0-4 | 5-14 | 15-44 | 45 and over | All ages | ||||||
M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F |
Year | Age | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0-4 | 5-14 | 15-44 | 45 and over | All ages | ||||||
M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F |
Form of tuberculosis notified | Sex | Number of notifications of new cases of tuberculosis by age | Total all ages | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0- | 1- | 5- | 10- | 15- | 20- | 25- | 35- | 45- | 55- | 65+ |
Form of tuberculosis | Sex | Age at death | Total all ages | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0- | 1- | 5- | 15- | 25- | 45- | 65- | 75+ |
Site of tuberculous lesion | Numbers of notifications of new cases of non-pulmonary tuberculosis by age | Total all ages | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0-4 | 5-14 | 15-24 | 25+ |
1947 | 1948 | 1949 | 1950 | 1951 | 1952 | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 |
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Establishment | Notified case | Children | Adults | ||||
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Tuberculin tested | Positive reaction | X-rayed | Abnormal | X-rayed | Abnormal |
1952 | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 |
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Metropolitan Boroughs | New notifications | Deaths from tuberculosis | Tuberculosis deaths per 1,000 population | Pulmonary tuberculosis deaths per 1,000 population aged 15 and over | Number of tuberculosis cases on clinic registers at 31.12.56 | Cases on register per 1,000 population | Mass X-ray findings | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Estimated home population mid 1956 | Pulmonary | Tuberculosis of Meninges and C.N.S. | Other non-pulmonary tuberculosis | Total | New notifications per 1,000 population | Pulmonary | Non-pulmonary tuberculosis | Total deaths | Number of pulmonary cases found per 1,000 adults examined * | ||||||
Total | Percentage sputum positive during 1956 |
Chest clinics | Estimated population served | Total new cases of tuberculosis (all forms) | New contacts seen | New contacts not determined | New contacts diagnosed | New contacts found tuberculous | Per cent new contacts found tuberculous among diagnosed contacts | Calculated rate of new contacts seen per 100 new cases |
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Division | Occupation centre E.B.—elder boys E.G.—elder girls | Average roll at time of examination | Date of examination | No. X-rayed | No. of cases of T.B. discovered | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Under 15 | Over 15 |
1956 |
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Division | No. of 13-years-old school children | Total No. of consents | Alleged contacts of known cases | No. of children tested and read by B.C.G. units | Children not dealt with because of refusal of consent or absence | Positive reactors (among (4) ) | No. of negative reactors vaccinated by B.C.G units | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Consents included in (2) | No. | Per cent. of (1) | No. | Per cent. |
Designation | Samples examined | Results of examination | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T.B. bacillus isolated | T.B. bacillus NOT isolated | Test not completed* | Percentage positive of completed tests |
Age | Principal cause of defective vision | Total | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cataract | Glaucoma | Retrolental fibroplasia | Other conditions |
Principal cause of defective vision | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cataract | Glaucoma | Retrolental fibroplasia | Other conditions | Total |
Number of beds in home | Number of homes | Patients accommodated | ||
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Maternity† | Others* | Total |
Year | Ante-natal | Post-natal | ||||
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Clinics at end of year (including ante-natal, post-natal, and combined) | Sessions per month | Attendances | Percentage of pregnant women attending at an ante-natal clinic | No. of women attending during year | ||
First | Total |
Year | Clinics at end of year (includ-special clinics for toddlers) | Sessions per month | Attendances | Percentage of infants attending a centre at least once in the first year of life | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Under 1 year | Over 1 year | Toddlers | ||||||
First | Total | First | Total |
Welfare food | Average weekly issues |
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Number of day nurseries at 31st December. | Total | ||
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MAINTAINED | GRANT-AIDED |
Age-group | Maintained | Grant-aided | Total |
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Year | L.C.C. | District Nursing Association | Hospital | L.C.C. | District Nursing Association | Hospital | Grand Total |
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1952 | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 |
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1952 | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 |
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Home visits | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 |
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Number | Percentage of total |
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Number | Percentage of total |
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1954 | 1955 | 1956 |
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1954 Per cent. | 1955 Per cent. | 1956 Per cent. |
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(All ages) | 1950 | 1951 | 1952 | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 |
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Number vaccinated | Percentage of annual live births |
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Number of children offered inoculation | Number of children registered for inoculation | Percentage registration | Number of children inoculated | Percentage inoculation of registered children | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. of injections | Total (4) and (5) | in (2) No. of injections | Total (7) and (8) | |||||
Two | One | |||||||
Two | One |
1955 | 1956 |
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Tear | Accident Section | General Section | Total | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patients | Non-patient carrying journeys | Total journeys (calls) | Mileage | Patients | Journeys | Mileage | Patients | Journeys | Mileage |
Tear | Ambulance Dept.— Joint Committee Order of St. John British Red Cross Society | Hospital Car Service | West Ham County Borough Council | Total | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patients | Mileage | Patients | Mileage | Patients | Mileage | Patients | Mileage |
Tear | Total Emergency Work | Total General Section Work | Grand Total | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patients | Mileage | Patients | Mileage | Patients | Mileage |
Year | New cases | Attendances | Staff at the end of the year (in terms of whole units) |
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Years | Unaccompanied children | Accompanied children | Expectant and nursing mothers | Other adults | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Under 5 years | School children |
Syphilis | Gonorrhoea | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Male | Female | Male | Female |
Male | Female | Total |
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Source | No. of cases |
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Action taken | Under No. | 65 Percentage | Over No. | 65 Percentage | Tote No. | Percentage |
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Under 65 | Over 65 | Total | ||||
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No. | Percentage | No. | Perc.ntage | No. | Percentage |
Single | Married | Widowed | Divorced | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age group | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female |
Sources of information | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 | Totals from 1.4.14 to 31.12.56 |
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1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 |
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1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 |
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1954 | 1955 | 1956 |
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Age group and sex | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 |
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1954 | 1955 | 1956 |
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Age groups | (1) | ||||||||
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(2) | (3) | ||||||||
Boys | Girls | Total | Boys | Girls | Total | Boys | Girls | Total |
Age group | Minimum number of calories |
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Visual acuity (with glasses, if worn) | Percentage referred for treatment | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6/6 0/ /o | 6/9 0/ /o | 6/12 or worse 0/ /o | 0/ /o wearing glasses | Already wearing glasses | Not wearing glasses | Total |
Classification | Referred for Observation | Total | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A—Good | B—Fair | C—Poor Treatment Percentages A |
Good | Fair | Poor |
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Total Number of Inspections | Pupils found to be verminous* | ||
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Number | Percentage |
1. | Number of occasions on which pupils were found to be ' verminous ' (as defined) | 15,165 |
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Year | No. of pupils on school rolls | No. of nurses' hygiene inspections | No. of occasions on which pupils were found to be ' verminous ' | Column (4) as a percentage of column (3) | No. of individual children comprising column (4) | Percentage of the school population of the individual children in col. (6) |
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Contra-indications | Boys | Girls |
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Aged 5+ (2 Divs.) | Age 7+ (7 Divs.) |
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Type of clinic |
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Hospital department | New cases | Total Discharged— | |
---|---|---|---|
attendances | treatment complete |
Type of clinic | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 |
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Year | Chicken-pox | Diphtheria | German measles | Impetigo | Measles | Mumps | Ophthalmia and Conjunctivitis | Poliomyelitis | Ringworm | Scabies | Scarlet fever | Whooping cough |
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Day special schools | Boarding special schools | Hospitals | Non-Council boarding schools, hostels, foster-homes |
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Day | Boarding |
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Day | Boarding |
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Sex | Notifications | Number with residual paralysis | Number estimated to require special educational treatment | |
---|---|---|---|---|
All | Paralytic |
England and Wales | London |
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Age group | Boys | Girls | Total |
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1954 | 1955 | 1956 |
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Baltersea | Brixton | Earls Court | Woodberry Down | Total |
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Battersea | Brixton | Earls Court | Woodberry Down | Total |
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Year | Establishment approved temporarily (full-time positions) | Staff | Equivalent in Full-time staff | Sessions | Total Sessions per week | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total Number employed | Fulltime | Part-time | School Service | MCW Service | School Service | MCW Service | School service | MCW service | ||||
Fulltime | Part-time | Fulltime | Part-time |
1954 | 1955 | 1956 |
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1954 | 1955 | 1956 |
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1954 | 1955 | 1956 |
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Service | Cost | Amount recovered in charges |
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£ | £ |
d. |
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Year ended | National Dried Milk (Tins) | Cod Liver Oil (Bottles) | Orange Juice (Bottles) | Vitamin A and D Tablets |
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Problem family | Children under five only | Children under and over five | Children all over five | In welfare homes | Total |
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Factor | Potential problem families | Hardcore problem families | All problem families |
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Factor | Potential problem families | Hardcore problem families | All problem families |
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Division | Population 30.6.55 estimate | Home nursing | Health visitor | Child help | Morning or evening help | Home help | Day nursery | Child minder | Recuperative holidays | Other services | Foster-mother | TOTALS |
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Age Groups | All causes | Bronchitis | Other respiratory diseases including respiratory tuberculosis | Lung cancer | Other cancer | Cardiovascular diseases |
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I | II | III | IV | V |
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Recording station | Winter 1954-55 (a) | Summer 1955 (b) | Winter 1955-56 (a) | Summer 1956 (b) | Two-yearly | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Smoke | SO2 | Smoke | SO2 | Smoke | SO2 | Smoke | SO2 | Smoke | SO2 |
Area | Sex | Population | Index of atmospheric Pollution | Standardised mortality ratios (a) London A.C. — 100 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Estimated number mid-1955 | Percentage in social classes IV& V (census 1951) | Percentage born in London (census 1951) | Smoke | SO, | All causes | Bronchitis | Other respiratory (including respiratory tuberculosis) | Lung cancer | Other cancer | Cardiovascular diseases |
All causes | Bronchitis | Other respiratory | Lung cancer | Other cancer | Cardiovascular | ||
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(a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | (e) | (f) |
Week ended Saturday | All deaths | Cardiovascular | Cancer of the lung | Bronchitis | Other respiratory |
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1954/55 | 1955/56 | 1956/57 |
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Cause | 1952 | Year 1953 | 1954 | 1955 |
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0- | 5- | 15- | 45- | 65 and over | Total |
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0- | 5 — | 15- | 45 — | 65 and over | Total |
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Under | 1 | 1- | 2- | 3&4 | 5- | 20- | 60— | 70— | 80+ |
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0- | 5- | 60- | 70- | 80+ |
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Type of accident | Year | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1950 | 1951 | 1952 | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 |
Age group | Falls | Burns | Coal-Gas | Drowning | Inhalation | Poison | Scalds | Suffocation | Miscellaneous | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | F | T | M | F | T | M | F | T | M | F | T | M | F | T | M | F | T | M | F | T | M | F | T | M | F | T | M | F | T |
Under 1 | 1- | 2- | 3 and 4 | 5-19 | 20-59 | 60-69 | 70-79 | 80+ | Males | Females | Total |
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Cause of accident | Division | Total | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||
(Chelsea, Fulham, Hammersmith, Kensington) | (Hampstead, Paddington, St. Maryle- bone, St. Pancras, Westminster) | (Finsbury, Holborn, Islington) | (Hackney, Shoreditch, Stoke Newington) | (Bethnal Green, City of London, Poplar, Stepney) | (Deptford, Greenwich Woolwich) | (Camberwell,Lewisham) | (Bermond- sey, Lambeth, Southwark) | (Battersea, Wandsworth) |
Cause | 0- | 1- | 2— | 3- | 4— | Boys | Girls | Total |
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Year | Mid-year (c) estimate of population by the Registrar-General by age groups | Average age (years) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 0-4 | 5-14 | 15-24 | 25-44 | 45-64 | 65+ |
Year(s) | Live births | Still-births | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
No. | Rate per 1,000 population* | No. | Rate per 1,000 total births (live and still) |
Metropolitan Boroughs | Estimated home population mid1956 | Live birth rate. | Death-rates | Notifications of infectious disease | |||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Deaths (all causes) | Infant mortality (per i.ooo live births) | Heart disease | Other circulatory | Cerebral vascular lesions | Peptic ulcer | Pulmonary tuberculosis | Pneumonia | Other respiratory diseases (inc. Bronchitis) | Cancer | Violence | Scarlet fever | Dysen-tery | Poliomyelitis | Food Poisoning | Acute pneumonia | Measles | Whooping cough | Tuberculosis | |||||
Paralytic | Nov Paralytic | Pulmonary | Nonr pulmonary |
Year(s) | Annual rate per 1,000 living | Annual mortality per 1,000 living (a) | Annual mortality | ||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infant (per 1,000 live births) | Maternal (per 1,000 total births (b)) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Live births | Marriages | Deaths (all causes) | Tuberculosis | Diphtheria | Influenza | Measles | Meningococcal infection | Whooping cough | Bronchitis | Pneumonia (all forms) | Other resp. diseases | Heart disease | Cancer | Diabetes | Violence | Infants 0—1 | Diarrhoea and enteritis 0—2 | Puerperal sepsis | Other child-birth | ||||
Pulmonary | Non-pulmonary | Suicide | Road accidents | Other violence |
Cause of death | 1936 to 1940 | 1941 to 1945 | 1946 to 1950 | 1951 to 1955 | 1955 | 1956 |
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1946 | 1947 | 1948 | 1949 | 1950 | 1951 | 1952 | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 |
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Year | Anthrax | Diphtheria | Dysentery | Acute Encephalitis | Enteric fever | Erysipelas | Malaria | Measles | Meningococcal infection | Ophthalmia neonatorum | Pneumonia | Poliomyelitis | Puerperal pyrexia | Scabies | Scarlet fever | Smallpox | Typhus | Whooping Cough | Food poisoning | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cases | Rate | Cases | Rate | Cases | Rate | Cases | Rate | Cases | Rate | Cases | Rate | Cases | Rate | Cases | Rate | Cases | Rate | Cases | Rate | Cases | Rate | Cases | Rate | Cases | Rate | Cases | Rate | Cases | Rate | Cases | Rate | Cases | Rate | Cases | Rate | Cases | Rate |
Fourweekly periods 1956 | Dysentery | Measles | Meningococcal infection | Pneumonia | Poliomyelitis | Scarlet fever | Whooping cough | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Paralytic | Non-paralytic or not stared | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ages | Ages | Ages | Ages | Ages | Ages | Ages | Ages | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0—4 | 5—14 | 15+ | Total | 0—4 | 5—14 | 15+ | Total | 0—4 | 5—74 | 15+ | Total | 0—4 | 5—74 | 75+ | Total | 0—4 | 5—74 | 75+ | Total | 0—4 | 5—74 | 75+ | Total | 0—4 | 5—14 | 75+ | Total | 0—4 | 5—74 | 15+ | Total |
Borough | DWELLINGS | CLEARANCE | DWELLING HOUSES | SMOKE NUISANCES CLEANSING AND DISINFECTION | LICENSED OR REGISTERED PREMISES | Restaurants, eating houses and canteens | SANITARY OFFICERS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Erected by the Borough Council | Erected by other persons | Total number in the Borough | AREAS | Inspections | Repaired as a result of informal action | Defects remedied after service of formal notice | Housing Act 1936 | Local Govt. {Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1953 Sec. 10 (1) | Water supply provided to tenement houses | Complaints | Observations | Intimation notices served | Nuisance notices served | Adults cleansed | Children cleansed | Premises disinfected | Premises disinfested | Establishment | Employed at end of year | Assistants employed at end of year | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unfit Houses | Other Houses | On complaint | On notification of illness | House-to-house | Other reasons | Section 11 | Section 12 | At home | At a cleansing station | Licensed slaughterhouses | Other offensive trades | Dairies and milk shops | Ice cream premises | Common Lodging Houses | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Public Health (London) Act | Housing Act | Housing Repairs and Rent Act, 1954 | Demolished | Closed by undertaking | Rooms closed | Undertakings accepted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Demolished | Persons displaced | Demolished | Persons displaced | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Underground rooms | Other rooms | U nder-ground rooms | Other rooms | Closing Orders made | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
By owners | By local authority | By owners | By local authority | Section 11 | Section 12 | Number | Persons displaced | Number | Persons displaced | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Made fit for occupation by number of families accommodated | Overcrowding abated | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Number | Persons displaced | Number | Persons displaced | Number | Persons displaced | Number | Persons displaced | Number | Persons displaced | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Male | Female | Total | Male | Female | Total | Male | Female | Total |
Year | New cases | Total attendances | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Syphilis | S. Chancre | Gonorrhoea | Total venereal cases | Total non.venereal cases | ||||||||
M. | F. | M. | F. | M. | F. | M. | F. | M. | F. | M. | F. |
Table 13—Weather during 1956 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(as recorded at Kew Observatory) | ||||||
Temperature | Rainfall | Sunshine | ||||
Difference from | Difference from | Difference from | ||||
Month | Mean (a) | Average (b) | Total | Average (b) | Total | Average (c) |
°F | °F | ins. | ins. | hrs. | his. |
Division | Divisional Medical Officer | Divisional Administrative Officer | Divisional Nursing Officer |
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Division | Divisional Medical Officer | Divisional Administrative Officer | Divisional Nursing Officer . |
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Type of staff | Location | Staff employed at other establishments (a) | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Head office staff | Divisional staff |