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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

Finsbury 1908

Report on the public health of Finsbury 1908 including annual report on factories and workshops

Published
1909
Author
Porter, Charles.
Pages
155
Tables
95

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95 tables in this report

  • Page 8
    TABLE A.—BIRTH RATES.
    The Borough. *Clerkenwell.†St. Luke.St. Sepulchre.Corrected Birth Rates for the Borough.
    NorthSouth
  • Page 15
    TABLE B. BIRTHS' INVESTIGATIONS 1908.
    Totals.Age at Visit.Method of Feeding.Condition of Child.Mother's Work.Mother's Health.Condition of Tenement.No. of Rooms.First Born.Twins.Illegitimate.
    weeksBreast only.Breast, etc.Cows Milk.Artificial or Condensed.Not FedWell Nourished.Fairly Nourished.Badly Nourished.None.Away from Home.Ditto IntermittentSome Home Work.Good.Indifferent.Bad.Clean.Fairly Clean.Dirty.One.Two.Three.Four or more.
  • Page 18
    TABLE C. CRUDE DEATH RATES.
    The Borough.North Clerkenwell.South Clerkenwell.St. Luke.St. Sepulchre.
  • Page 19
    TABLE D. CORRECTED DEATH RATES.
    Year.Crude Death Rate.Corrected Death Rate.
  • Page 21
    TABLE E.
    Total Deaths.Deaths in Public Institutions, &c., outside District belonging to Finsbury.Percentage.
  • Page 23
    TABLE F. INFANTILE MORTALITY RATES.
    London.*Finsbury.†
  • Page 25
    TABLE G. †
    The Borough.North Clerkenwell.South Clerkenwell.St. Luke.St. Sepulchre.
    No. of Infant DeathsInfant MortalityNo. of Infant DeathsInfant MortalityNo. of Infant DeathsInfant MortalityNo. of Infant DeathsInfant MortalityNo. of Infant DeathsInfant Mortality
  • Page 27
    TABLE H. Table Showing the Distribution of Infant Mortality Throughout London for 1908, and the three proceeding years.
    Borough.*Infant Mortality Rate.
    1905190619071908
  • Page 28
    TABLE 1.
    Months.0—1—2-8—4—5-6—7—8-9—10-11-Totals
  • Page 28
    TABLE J.
    Causes of Death.Diarrhoea.Prematurity.Marasmus.Atrophy,&c.Bronchitis.Pneumonia.Convulsions.Suffocation.Measles.Whooping Cough.Tuberculosis.Meningitis.Miscellaneous.Totals.
  • Page 29
    TABLE K.
    Certified Cause of Death.Months o-3Months 3-6Months 6-12Totals.
  • Page 30
    TABLE L.
    19011902190319041905190619071908Totals
  • Page 31
    TABLE M. ENQUIRIES INTO INFANT DEATHS, 1908.
    1908.Method of Feeding.Reasons for Weaning.Cause of Death.
    Weeks.Totals.Breast only.Breast, etc.Cows' Milk.Artificial or Condensed.Not Fed.Loss of Milk.Illness of Mother or Child.Mother's Work.Mother's Death.Diarrhæa.Prematurity.Marasmus.Atrcphy, etc.Bronchitis.Pneumonia.Convulsions.Suffocation.Measles.Whooping Cough.Tuberculosis.Meningitis.Miscellaneous.First-born.Twins.Illegitimate.
  • Page 32
    TABLE N. ENQUIRIES INTO INFANT DEATHS, 1908.
    1908.Methods of Feeding.Mother's Health.Mother's Work.Condition of Tenement,Number of Booms in Tenement.Age in Months.
    Totals.Firstborn.Twins.Breast only.Breast, Ac.Cows Milk.Artificial & Condensed.Not Fed.Good.Indifferent.Bad.None.Away from Home.Do. Intermittently.Some Home Work.Clean.Fair.Dirty.One.Two.Three.Four or more.01234567891011
  • Page 35
    TABLE O. INVESTIGATION OF INFANT DEATHS, 1904-1908.
    1904 to 1908Cause of Death.Method of Feeding.Mother's Health. *Mother's Work.Condition of Tenement,Number of Rooms in Tenement.Age in Months.
    Breast only.Breast, &c.Cows Milk.Artificial & Condensed.Not Fed.Good.Indifferent.Bad.None.Away from Home.Intermittent.Some Home Work.Clean.Fair.Dirty.One.Two.Three.Four or more.01234567891011
  • Page 38
    In this connection, the following table is of interest:—
    Births * (corrected.)Total number of Infants on Depot.Average weekly number of Infants on Depot.
  • Page 40
    BREAST FEEDING.
    Period.Weeks.Months.
  • Page 43
    TABLE P.
    No. Discontinuing.Months on Depôt.REASONS FOR DISCONTINUING.Known to have died after leaving Dep6t.
    Completed Cases.Unable to continue payment.Not Benefitted (Immature or in a dying condition when brought).Removed out of district.Removed to Infirmary.Lack of perseverance on Mother's part.Discontinued by Doctor's order.No reason obtainable.Deaths.
  • Page 44
    Of the children who left the depot at least 9 died afterwards. The following particulars may be given regarding these deaths:—
    Initials.Age when admitted.State of health on admission.Length of time on Depot.Progress and average gain per week.Reasons for Discontinuing.Time elapsing between Discontinuing and Death.Certified cause of Death.
  • Page 47
    Income and Expenditure for the Three Years ended 31st December, 1908.
    INCOME.EXPENDITURE.
    1906 (nine months)190719081906 (nine months)19071908
    £s.d£s.d.£s.d.£s.d.£s.d.£s.d
  • Page 49
    The diarrhoea death rates since 1900 are given in the subjoined table and, for comparison, the rates for London for the same years:—
    Years.FinsburyLondon
  • Page 53
    Both are highest in the third quarter of the year, and the following table, which shows the numbers of deaths, the four-foot temperature, and the rainfall in this quarter, each year since 1901, is interesting in this connection:—
    Third Quarter Year.No. of Deaths from Epidemic Diarrhœa.Mean Temp. 4-ft. earth thermometer.Rainfall.
  • Page 53
    The following table shows the relationship between these deaths, the temperature, and the rainfall, in the third quarter of 1908 :—
    Summer Quarter, 1908.July.August.September.
    Dates of months (in weeks).June 28 to July 45-1112-1819-25July 26 to Aug. 12-89-1516-2223-29Aug. 30 to Sept. 56-1213-1920-26
  • Page 55
    Reference is made to these diseases in connection with Records of Disease but the number of deaths from each in the years 1901—1908, is here set out.
    Small-pox.Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria and Membranous Croup.Enteric Fever.Puerperal Fever.Measles.Whooping Cough.Diarrhœa.Total.
  • Page 56
    The details of the distribution, with totals for the years since 1901, are shown in the accompanying table:—
    AgesUnder 10 years10 and under 2020 and under 3030 and under 4040 and under 5050 and under6060 and under 7070 and upw'rdsTotal
  • Page 59
    The verdicts in these cases were as follows:—
    Natural Causes—Suicides—
  • Page 61
    The returns forwarded to the Metropolitan Asylums Board, were as follows:—
    First Qtr.Second Qtr.Third Qtr.Fourth Q'rTotal for 1908.
  • Page 61
    The following table contains particulars as to the number of notifications and removals to hospital, etc., since 1901
    Year.Number of Notifications Received.Notifications per 1,000 of the Population.Percentage of Cases Removed to Hospital.
  • Page 62
    The following table shows the amounts paid in fees for notifications under the Act since 1901.
    Year.Amounts paid to Medical Practitioners.Cost per 1,000 of Population.
  • Page 64
    DIPHTHERIA IN 1908.
    Ages in years.Under 1 year.1-55-1515-2020-3030-4040-Totals.
  • Page 65
    DIPHTHERIA SINCE 1901.
    No. of Cases per 10.000 of Population.No. of Deaths per 10,000 of Population.Case Mortality. No. of Deaths per 100 Cases notified.
  • Page 65
    The cases notified, and the deaths, may be classified according to age and sex as follows:— SCARLET FEVER IN 1908.
    Ages.0-1-5-10-15-20-30 & over.Total.
  • Page 66
    Certain particulars with regard to Scarlet Fever since 1901 may be tabulated as follows:— SCARLET FEVER SINCE 1901.
    Actual No. of Cases.No. of Cases per 10,000 of population.No. of Deaths.No. of Deaths per 10,000 of populationCase-Mortality No. of Deaths per 100 cases notified.
  • Page 66
    The numbers occurring month by month, and in each quarter are given in the accompanying table:—
    Months.Jan.Feb.Mar.Apr.May.June.July.Aug.Sept.Oct.Nov.Dec.
  • Page 68
    Distributed according to the age of the persons attacked, the following results are obtained:— ENTERIC FEVER IN 1908.
    Ages.Under 5.5-15.15-30.Above 30.Totals.
  • Page 69
    Particulars regarding the disease since 1901 are given below. ENTERIC FEVER SINCE 1901.
    No. of Cases Notified.No. of Cases per 10,000 of Population.No. of Deaths per 10,000 of Population.Case Mortality. No. of Deaths (per 100 Cases Notified)
  • Page 71
    ERYSIPELAS IN 1908.
    Under 1 year.1-1010-20-30-40-50-60-Total all ages.
  • Page 72
    REPORTS AS TO MEASLES.
    SCHOOLS IN THE BOROUGH.1903.1904.1905.1906.1907.1908.
  • Page 73
    The age incidence in the intimated cases, and in the cases in which death occurred is shown in tables below: — AGE INCIDENCE OF INTIMATED CASES OF MEASLES, 1903-1908.
    Year.Under one Year of Age.1-2-3-4-5-1010-15Totals.
    0-33-66-99-12
  • Page 73
    AGE INCIDENCE IN DEATHS FROM MEASLES, 1903-1908.
    Year.Under one Year of Age. In months.1-2-3-4-5-1010-15Totals.
    0-33-66-99-12
  • Page 74
    PHTHISIS NOTIFICATIONS 1908.
    Notified Cases.Under 10 years10-20-30-40-50-60.Total.
  • Page 75
    The age and sex distribution of the deaths is:—
    Under 10 years10-20-30-40-50-60-Total.
  • Page 76
    The number of deaths from consumption occurring in Institutions year by year since 1901 is shown below: — PHTHISIS DEATHS IN INSTITUTIONS.
    Total Number of Phthisis Deaths.Phthisis Deaths in Holborn Union Infirmary.In other Institutions.Total in Institutions.Percentage of Deaths in Institutions.
  • Page 77
    PHTHISIS DEATH RATES.
    No. of Deaths per 10,000 of the Population at certain age periods.
    0-1010-2020-3030-4040-5050-6060 and upwardsTotals
  • Page 78
    The incidence of deaths and death rates for the same years may be shown as follows:—
    Total No. of Notifications.No. of Cases notified per 10,000 of Population. (Voluntary notification).Total No. of DeathsNumber of Deaths per 10,000 of Populaton.
  • Page 80
    DISINFECTION OF INFECTED ARTICLES.
    1st Quarter.2nd Quarter.3rd Quarter.4th Quarter.Total.
  • Page 80
    REASONS FOR DISINFECTION.
    Cerebro-spinal Meningitis.Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria.Enteric Fever.Puerperal Fever.Measles.Phthisis.For Vermin, etc.Cancer.Totals-
  • Page 83
    MEAT, &c., SEIZURES, 1908.
    ArticleDate and place of seizure.Seized byDate CondemnedInstructions of Committee.
  • Page 84
    MEAT, &C., PROSECUTIONS, 1908.
    Date of Trial.Defendant's Name and Address.Article.Where seized and Name of Inspector.Penalty Imposed.
  • Page 85
    Continued from previous page...
    Years.No. of Cases of Meat Prosecution.No. of Convictions.Cases Dismissed.Weight of Meat, Ac., confiscated (in tons).
  • Page 86
    The following list shows the situation of the sheds:—
    No.Name of Occupier.Situation of Premises.Actual No. of Cows.Licensed No. of Cows.
  • Page 91
    Continued from previous page..
    No. of Samples Analysed.No. of Samples Adulterated.Percentage of Adulterated Samples.Added Water.Percentage of Watered Milks in Samples Analysed.Removal of FatPercentage of Milks with fat removed on Samples Analysed.
    Under 5%or over.10% or over.11% or over.20% or over.Under 5%5% or over.10% or over.15% or over.20% or over .
  • Page 92
    The following table gives the number of convictions for and the amount of penalties inflicted in connection with milk adulteration each year since 1901:-
    Year.No. of Convictions.Fines amounting to.Costs amounting to.
  • Page 92
    The quarterly returns for the Borough as to milk sampling may be shown as follows:—
    Quarter ot the year.No. of Samples taken.No. of Samples Adulterated.Percentage Adulterated.No. of Prosecutions Instituted.Fines and Costs.
  • Page 93
    As showing the position of Finsbury in this matter, in relation to the other Metropolitan Boroughs, the following figures, taken from the Annual Report of the Local Government Board for 1907-1908, are of interest:— MILK ANALYSIS IN THE METROPOLITAN BOROUGHS. 1907.
    Metropolitan Boroughs.No. of milks examined.No. found to be adulterated.Percentage of adulterations.
  • Page 94
    RESTAURANTS, FOOD STALLS, etc. The accompanying table gives the details of the inspection of the restaurants since 1902.
    Year.No. of Restaurants.No. of Notices Served.Percentage of Premises having Defects.
  • Page 97
    The number of samples taken each quarter may be stated thus:—
    Quarter of the year.No. of Samples taken.No. of Samples Adulterated.Percentage AdulteratedNo. of Prosecutions Instituted.Fines and Costs.
  • Page 97
    A comparison of the figures for 1908 with those for the years since 1901 is given below:—
    Year.Total Examined.Genuine.Adulterated.Percentage of adulterated samples.Percentage of adulterated samples for whole of London.
  • Page 98
    The number of houses placed on and removed from the register since 1900, is set out in the following table :—
    Year.No. placed on Register.No. Removed.On Register at end of Year.
  • Page 99
    COMMON LODGING HOUSES.—The particulars with regard to the common lodging houses in the Borough are contained in the following table. Visits of inspection have been regularly made during the year:—
    Address.Registered Owner.Registered Number of Occupants.Average Attendance.
  • Page 100
    The details of the inspections are as follows:— HOUSE TO HOUSE INSPECTIONS.
    Street or Buildings.No. of houses inspected.No. of houses in which defects were found.Percentage of houses with defects to houses inspected.No. of families living in
    One room.Two rooms.Three rooms.Four rooms & over.
  • Page 101
    The stable dwellings mentioned in the following list have been kept under observation during the year. In the case of Sidney Grove, improvements have been called for, and are now being. carried out:—
    Premises.No. of Occupancies.No. of Persons.Total.
    Adults.Children.
  • Page 104
    Workshops and Workplaces in Finsbury on Register.
  • Page 105
    Factories on Register.
  • Page 107
    Summary of Defaults and Defects in Factories, Workshops and Workplaces for which Notices were served during 1908.
    Workshops.Factories.Workplaces.Total.
  • Page 110
    OUT-WORKERS.
  • Page 111
    The following is a list of the occupations followed by the homeworkers visited by the inspectors
  • Page 112
    The accompanying table contains further information with regard to out-workers, and refers to each of the last four years :
    Lists received from Employers.1905.1906.1907.1908.
    Number of Lists.Number of Outworkers.Number of Lists.Number of Out-wot kers.Number of Lists.Number of Outworkers.Number , of Lists. 1Number of Outworkers.
  • Page 114
    Inspection, Registration, &c.
  • Page 115
    Continued from previous page...
  • Page 116
    VI. Legal Action. In connection with the work relating to factories, workshops, and workplaces, 501 intimation and 67 statutory notices have been served. The total number of summonses issued was 6. The results of the prosecutions may be tabulated as follows:—
    Date.Name and Address of Defendant.Offence.Result.
  • Page 117
    Inspection of Factories, Workshops and Workplaces.
    Class of Works.Number of Places.†Number ofNumber of Prosecutions, 1908.
    On Register at end of 1907.Added in 1908.Removed in 1908.On Register at end of 1908.Number of Inspections, 1908.Written Intimations, 1908.Notices, 1908.Under Factory Act.Under Public Health Act.
    Premises.Rooms.
  • Page 119
    Factories, Workshops, Laundries, Workplaces and Homework. 1.—INSPECTION.
    Premises (1)Number of
    Inspections. (2)Written Notices (3)Prosecutions (4)
  • Page 119
    2.—DEFECTS FOUND.
    Particulars.Number of Defects.Number of Prosecutions
    FoundRemediedReferred to H.M. Inspector
    (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)
  • Page 127 128
    3.—HOME WORK.
    NATURE OF WORK.Lists received from Employers.Addresses of Outworkers.Prosecutions.Notices served.Prosecutions.Instances.Orders made (S. 110).Prosecutions (Sections 109, 110)
    Twice in the year.Once in the year.Forwarded to other Councils.Failing to keep or permit inspection of Lists.Failing to send Lists.Inspections of Outworkers premises.Instances.
    Lists.+Outworkers.†Lists.Outworkers.+Received from other Councils.
    Con-Work-Con-Work-
    1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(13)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)
  • Page 122
    * 4.—REGISTERED WORKSHOPS AND WORKPLACES.
    Workshops and Workplaces on the Register (s. 131) at the end ot the year. (1)Number. (2)
  • Page 122
    5.—OTHER MATTERS.
    Class. (1)Number. (2)
  • Page 125
    The following table gives a comparison of the past seven years as regards the women and children employed on the Canal Boats visiting this District:—
    Year.Boats Inspected.Persons found on Boats.Totals.Registered for.
    Men.Women.Children.*
  • Page 128
    THE MORTUARIES. The returns for the public mortuaries—that at Warwick Place in the Eastern Division of the Borough, and that at 47, Northampton Road, in the Western Division—are contained in the following table:—
    Northampton Road Mortuary.Warwick Place Mortuary.Total.
  • Page 132
    Work of Sanitary Inspectors.
    Inspector Davis.Inspector Longden.Inspector Norman.Inspector Matson.Inspector Draper.Inspector Jackson.Total.
  • Page 133
    Work of Lady Sanitary Inspectors.
    Summary.Mrs. Greenwood.Miss Jones.
  • Page 134
    Legal Proceedings under the Public Health (London) Act, 1891, and the Metropolis Local Management Act.
    Date.Name and Address of Defendant.Offence.Result.
  • Page 135
    Continued from previous page...
    Date.Name and Address of Defendant.Offence.Result.[
  • Page 135
    Sale of Food and Drugs Acts.
  • Page 136
    Continued from previous page...
    Date.Name and Address of Defendant.Offence.Result.
  • Page 137
    Continued from previous page...
    Date.Name and address of Defendant.Otfence.Result.
  • Page 137
    London County Council (General Powers) Act, 1902.
  • Page 140
    TABLE I. Name of District—Metropolitan Borough of Finsbury. For Whole District.
    [Year.Population estimated to middle of each Year.Births.Deaths under One Year of Age.Deaths at all Ages. Total.Deaths in Public Institutions.Deaths of nonresidents registered in District.Deaths of Residents registered beyond District.Deaths at all Ages Nett.
    Number, †Rate.*Number.Rate per 1,000 Births registeredNumber.Rate.*N umber.Rate.*
    12345678910111213
  • Page 141
    TABLE II. Borough of Finsbury.
    Names of Localities.1 -The Borough.2—North Clerkenwell.3—South Clerkenwell.4—St. Luke.5—St. Sepulchre.
    YEAR.Population estimated to middle of each Year.Births registered,.Deaths at all Ages.Deaths under 1 year.Population estimated to middle of each i Year.Births registered.Deaths at all Ages.Deaths under 1 year.Population estimated to middle of each Year.Births registered.Deaths at all Ages.Deaths under 1 year.Population estimated to middle ot each Year.Births registeredDeaths at all Ages.Deaths under 1 year.Population estimated to middle of each Year.Births registered.Deaths at all Ages.Deaths under 1 year.
    abcdabcdabcdabcdabcd
  • Page 142
    TABLE III. Cases of Infectious Disease Notified during the Year 1908.
    Notifiable Disease.Cases Notified in Whole District.Total Cases Notified in each Locality.No. of Cases removed to Hospital from each Locality.Total Cases removed to Hospital.
    At all Ages.At Ages—Years.123123
    ClerkenwellSt. LukeSt. SepulchreClerkenwellSt. LukeSt. Sepulchre
    Under 1.1 to 5.5 to 15.15 to 25.25 to 65.65 and upwards.
  • Page 143
    TABLE IV. Causes and Ages at Death During the Year 1908.
  • Page 144
    Showing the State of Pauperism in the Holborn Union (Including Finsbury) during the Year 1908.
    Quarters.Average number Relieved during each week.Finsbury Death Rates.
    Indoor Paupers, Adults and ChildrenOut-door Paupers.Totals.Totals corresponding periods. 1907.Vagrants Relieved.Children Boarded Out.
    Adults.Children under 16.
    123456789
  • Page 146 147
    Infantile Mortality during the Year, 1908. Deaths from stated Causes in Weeks and Months under One Year of Age.
    cause of death.Under 1 Week1-2 Weeks2-3 Weeks3-4 WeeksTotal under 1 Month1-2 Months2-3 Months3-4 Months4-5 Months5-6 Months6-7 Months7-8 Months8-9 Months9-10 Months10-11 Months11-12 MonthsTotal Deaths under 1 Year
  • Page 148
    VACCINATION RETURNS. Total Return for 1907. Return made on or before 8th February, 1909, by Mr. P. E. Capps, Vaccination Officer of the Holborn Union, respecting the Vaccination of Children whose Births were registered in the Finsbury District, from 1st January to 31st December, 1907, inclusive. (Return made to the Board of Guardians.)
    Registration Sub-Districts comprised in the Vaccination Officer's District.Number of Births returned in the "Birth List Sheets" as registered from Ist January to 31st Dec., 1907.Number of these Births duly entered by 31st January, 1909, in Columns I, II, IV and V of the " Vaccination Register " (Birth List Sheets), viz.:Number of these Births which on 31st January, 1909, remained unentered in the " Vaccination Register " on account (as shown by Report Book) of: —Number of these Births remaining on 31st January, 1909, neither duly entered in the" Vaccination Register" (columns 3, 4,5. 6 and 7 of this Return) nor temporarily accounted for in the " Report Book " (columns 8, 9, and 10 of this Return).Total Number of Certificates of Successful Primary Vaccination at ALL AGES received during the calendar year 1908.
    Col. I.Col. II.Col. IV.
    Number in respect of whom Certificates of Conscientious Objection have been received.Col. V.Postponement by Medical Certificate.Removal to Districts, the Vaccination Officer of which has been daly apprised.Removal to Places unknown, or which cannot be reached; and Cases not having been found.
    Successfully Vaccinated.Insusceptible of Vaccination.Had Small Pox.Dead, Unvaccinated.
    123456789101112
  • Page 149
    VACCINATION RETURNS. Return for the Period January—June, 1908. Return to be made on or before 8th February, 1909, by Mr. P. E. Capps, Vaccination Officer of the Holborn Union, respecting the Vaccination of Children whose Births were registered in the Finsbury District, from 1st January to 30th June, 1908, inclusive. (Return made to the Board of Guardians.)
    Registration Sub-Districts comprised in the Vaccination Officer's District.Number of Births returned in the " Birth List sheets " as registered from ist January to 31st Dec., 1908.Number of these Births duly entered by 31st January, 1909, in Columns 1,11, IV and V of the "Vaccination Register" (Birth List Sheets), viz.:Number of these Births which on 31st January, 1909, remained unentered in the "Vaccination Register " on account (as shown by Report Book) of ;—Number of these Births remaining on 31st January, 1909, neither duly entered in the "Vaccination Register" (columns 3,4.5,6, and 7 of this Return) nor temporarily accounted for in the " Report Book " (columns 8, 9. and 10 of this Return).Number of Certificates of Conscientious Objection actually received by the Vaccination Officer, irrespective of the dates of birth of the Children to which they relate, during the year 1908.
    Col. I.Col. IICol. IV.Postponement by Medical Certificate.Removal to Districts, the Vaccination Officer of which has been duly apprised.Removal to Places unknown. or which cannot be reached; and Cases not having been found.
    Number in respect of whom Certificates of Conscientious Objection have been received.Col. V.
    Successfully Vaccinated.Insusceptible of Vaccination.Had Small Pox.Dead, Un vaccinated.
    123456789101112