London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972

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St James's 1861

[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for St James's, Westminster]

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15
it may be that the working man should have his
home in the suburbs, I am convinced that a profitable
investment of capital may be made even in our
wealthier districts, by the erection of properly constructed
lodging houses. Beneficial as may be the
action which results from the sanitary claims of the
Metropolitan Management Act, from the Nuisances
Removal Act, and other wise Legislature Measures,
it too often happens that all the efforts of the
Medical Officer of Health fail to make many of the
residences of the poor either healthful or decent.
One of the great evils which most of the cities of
Europe have to contend with, and which is especially
rife in certain parts of our parish is, that the houses
in which the poor live have not been constructed to
meet the wants, comfort, convenience, or health of
their families. The great majority of the working
classes of this parish do not live in houses, but in
parts of houses, which have been constructed only
for single families. Parts of houses which ought to
be confined to the members of a single family are
common, and this conversion of houses intended
for single families into the residence of several, is
a fertile source of the breaking down of those
barriers of decency and propriety which are the
great safeguards of honor and morality. This
close association of several families in one house
is productive of immense evil; it prevents proper
parental control; it encourages an association of
the sexes, which leads directly to one of our
greatest social evils; and is one of the most fruitful

II.— GOLDEN SQUARE.

Population in 1861,13,963.
Number of Square Acres,54.
1857.1858.1859.1860.1861.
First Quarter,5754645774
Second Quarter5242747157
Third Quarter6248624746
Fourth Quarter,6143627268
Total,232182262247245

III.—BERWICK STREET.

Population in 1861,10,068.
Number of Square Acres,25.
1857.1858.1859.1860.1861.
First Quarter,5863525780
Second Quarter,5462616962
Third Quarter,6041665348
Fourth Quarter,4753705760
Total,219219249236250
IV.—WORKHOUSE.
1857.1858.1859.1860.1861.
First Quarter,2943182539
Second Quarter,3129343331
Third Quarter,2116233025
Fourth Quarter,3538342419
Total,116127109112114