London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972
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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
Croydon 1909
[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Croydon]
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TABULATED REPORTS OF FARMS, DAIRIES, AND MILKSHOPS IN 1909.
| THE HOUSE. | THE DAIRY | THE COWSHEDS. | WATER SUPPLY. | MILK. | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of Farm. | General Sanitary Condition. | Health of Residents and Employees. | Structural Condition (including Lighting ana Ventilation). | Sanitary Condition and General Cleanliness. | For what other purpos used. | Structural Condition and Drainage. | Window Space to Floor Space. | Ventilation. | General Cleanliness and Manure Heaps. | How Cattle are Stalled, and Number of Stalls. | Number of Cattle. | Cubic Space per Head. | What Precaution, taken to prevent Fouling of Mill. | Health and Condition (including recent Deaths and cause) | For Household end Dairy Purposes. | For Cattle. | Destination of Milk. | GENERAL LEMARKS. | |
| A 1 | Good. | Good. | Built in brickwork, with glazed tiles inside; window for light and louvre for ventilation. | Clean, and drained to outside gully. | None. | Brick built and rendered inside with cement; drained to farm. | 1 to 58; 10 addi-rional skylights. | 11 openings in wall and open windows in gable. | Sheds clean ; no manure pit. | 17 double stalls. | 12; numbers much reduced. | 3,020. | Water kept at hand for washing during milking, and milk removed to dairy for cooling. | Good; no deaths. | Company's mains. | Company's mains. | Borough Hospital and Croydon. | Manure moved on to the farm. | |
| a 2 | Good. | Good. | 2 sheds do. | do. | None. | Brick built and walls cemented to 4ft. high; drained to farm. | 1 to 39 and 10 skylights. | 2 louvres in roof and 8 air-brioks in wall. | do. | 14 do. Only now used casually. | ... ... | .. | ... | do. | do. | do. | do. | do. | |
| a 3 | Good. | Good. | Brickbuilt and brick floor; glazed tiles on walls; 2 windows for light and ventilation. | Clean and in good sanitary condition. | None. | No. 1 Shed. Brick built, brick floor, walls cemented throughout; channels to gully outside ; drains to cesspool. | 1 to 47. | Louvre© in roof and tiles fairly open. | Shed clean ; manure deposited in field 200 yards from shed. | 4 double and 1 single stalls. | 7 | 1,554. | Mater supplied for washing of hands; cows' teats and udders cleaned, and milk removed to dairy. | Health of cattle good; no deaths. | Deep well on premises (70ft.). | Well adjoining cow shed; depth no known, but sunk to chalk. | Beddington, Wallington and Carshalton. | Number of cows vary here. | |
| a 4 | Good. | Good. | do. | do. | do. | No. 2 Shed. Do. | 1 to 120. | 2 louvres in roof. | do | 2 single stalls and 16 double. | 15 | 1,990. | do. | do. | do. | do. | do. | do. | |
| A 5 | Good. | Good. | Brick built; slate slabs inside; light, 2 zinc panels in door and 2 in roof. | Good. | None. | Brick built, and rendered to 6ft. high with cement; paving black brick ; drain to gully outside and to sewer. | 1 to 14. | 4 louvres in roof and opening in gable end. | Premises kept clean; marure kept in manure pit; brick built pit and situate 6ft. from shed. | 4 double stalls. | 4 at present. | 1,485. | Men's hands are washed before milking, and milk strained and cooled at dairy. | ; Health of cattle good; no deaths. | Company's mains. | do. | Retailed in Bed dington and Wallingbon. | Cows vary. | |
| a 6 | Good. | Good. | Milk shop clean and well lighted. | Good. | Sale of eggs, butter, broad and minerals. | Milk shop; no drain. | ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | .. .. | ... | ... | ... ... ... ... ... | Company's mains. | .. .. | do. | ||
| a 7 | Good. | Good. | Shop clean and well lighted; no dairy. | Good. | do. | ... ... ... .. ... | ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | ... ... | ... | ... | ... ... ... ... ... | .. .. | .. .. | Retail at shop and Beddington and-Wallington. | ||
| a 8 | Good. | Good. | Do.; dairy also clean. | Good. | do. | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | .. ... | ... ... | ... | ... | ... ... ... ... ... | .. .. | .. .. | do. | ||
| A 9 | Good. | Good. | Shop clean and well lighted; milk store clean. | Good. | do. | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | ... ... | ... | ... | ... ... ... ... ... | .. .. | .. .. | do. | ||
| a 10 | Good. | Good. | Shop clean and well lighted; dairy large and airy | Good. | do. and general refreshments. | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | ... ... | .. | ... | ... ... ... ... ... | .. .. | .. .. | do. | ||
| a 11 | Good. | Good. | Shop well lighted and clean; no dairy. | Good. | do. | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | ... ... | ... | ... | ... ... ... ... ... | .. .. | .. .. | Retailed at shop. | ||
| a 12 | Good. | Good. | Shop well lighted ; dairy clean. | Good. | Sale of eggs, butter and teas, etc. | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | ... ... | ... | ... | ... ... ... ... ... | .. .. | .. .. | Do. and Wallington and Beddington. | ||
| a 13 | Good. | Good. | Dairy brick built, with stone slab concrete floor; well lighted and ventilated. | Good. | None. | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | ... ... | ... | ... | ... ... ... ... ... | .. .. | .. .. | Do. and at Carshal-ton. | ||
| a 14 | Good. | Good. | Milk shop well lighted and ventilated; also clean. | Good. | Sale of eggs and butter. | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | ... ... | ... | ... | ... ... ... ... ... | .. .. | .. .. | do. | ||
| a 15 | Good, but old. | Good. | Brick built, and lighted by a window in end wall. | Good. | None. | Timber built, but walls brought up in brick and cement to 5ft. ; concrete floor and tiled mangers; channel to gully outside. | 2½ to 27. | Part of floor removed so as to ventilate through pantiled roof. | Shed clean; manure depositd in manure pit on premises. | 2 double stalls. | 3 | 800. | Water is plentiful for cleansing hands, and milk is brought outside for cooling. | No deaths; cowshed recently re-opened. | Company's mains. | Company's mains. | Wallington, S. Beddington and Car-shalton. | ||
| a 16 | do. | do. | Shop clean; no dairy. | do. | None. | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | ... ... | ... | ... | ............... | ... ... ... ... ... | do. | .. .. | On premises. | Sale of milk is generally for or with food. |
| A 17 | do. | do. | Brick built, and lighted and ventilated by window. | do. | None. | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | ... ... | ... | ... | ... ... ... ... ... | do. | .. .. | Beddington Corner and Hackbridge. | ||
| a 18 | do. | do. | Brick built, and ventilated by window. | Good. | None. | Brick built and lime-whited inside; impervious floor, and channel drains to gully outside. | 1 in 27. | Air holes in gable ends and open pantiles. | Clean, and manure removed aily. | 2 double and 2 single stalls. | 4 | 690. | This mnn does his own milking, and is careful to clean teats and udders and wash his hands. | No deaths; cattle healthy. | Company's mains. | Company's mains. | Beddington Corner. | These cows are turned out every day. | |
| A 19 | do. | do. | No dairy. | Shop only, with small milk trade. | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... | ... .. | ... | ... | ... ... ... ... ... | do. | .. .. | Sold in shop over counter. | |||
| A 20 | Slightly damp. | Good. | Brick built, with one window for light and ventilation. | Clean and no drain. | Dairy not used now as a dairy. | No. 1 Shed. Timber built, cased in iron: tile mangers, concrete floor, channel to gully outside. | 1 to 15, with 4 lights in roof of 12ft. | Half doors and open pantiles. | Sheds clean ; manure stored in garden away from sheds | 2 double and 1 single stall. | 5 | 800. | The milkman is ordered to cleanse teats and udders and his hands before milking. | Health good generally; one cow ill after calving, but reoovered. | do. | do. | Wraight and Dumbrill, London Road, Mitcham. | Number of cows vary; cows are turned out every day. | |
| A 21 | do. | do. | do. | do. | do. | No. 2 Shed. Timber built; paved with impervious material; cement mangers; channel to gully outside. | 1 in 108. | Open tiles in roof. | do. | 6 double stalls. | 5, but number varies. | 800. | da | Good. | do. | do. | do. | do. | |
| a 22 | Good; recently improved. | Good. | Brick built and lime-whited inside; lighted by window in gable end; ventilated by open-air bricks. | Clean. | None | Timber built, but built up with cement to about 4ft. ; brick and stone floor and chan ncls, gully inside, drain to open catchpit. | 1 to 27. | Open tiled roof and openings in walls. | Sheds kept clean ; manure stored in yard and removed weekly. | 6 double stalls. | 12 | 815. | do. | Good; no deaths. | do. | do. | Mitcham. | Sold wholesale to Wraight and Dumbrill; cows are turned out every day. | |
| a 23 | Good. | Good. | No dairy. | Timber built shed: match lined and lime-whited ; Staffordshire brick floor, and drained to sewer. | 1 in 30. | Windows open with wire guards. | Shed clean and manure moved to a field 100 yards distant. | 2 single stalls. | 2 | 800. | ao. | Good; no deaths. | Company's mains. | do. | Mitoham. | do. Cows are turned out every day. | |||
| a 24 | Good. | Good. | Brick built and lighted by three windows, and ventilated in centre of roof. | Clean. | Store for butter and eggs. | No. 1 Shed. Timber built shed and man gers; paved with bricks; channels to gullies inside shed to catchpit and sewer. | 1 to 57. | Louvre in gable ends and half doors. | Sheds kept clean and manure stored in an enclosed yard paved with impervious material, | 5 double and 5 single stalls. | 12 | 1,007. | Milk removed to dairy, and milkmen clean udders and teats. | Cows all in good health. | do. | do. | Wimbledon and Merton. | Cows are turned out every day. | |
| a 25 | do. | do. | do. | do. | do. | No. 2 Shed. Timber built, with mangers, constructed with brick cemented floor; brick paved. | 1 to 41. | Louvre in roof and openings in tiled roof. | do | 18 single and 1 double stall. | 12 | 1,820. | do. | do | .. .. | .. .. | .. .. | do. | |
| a 26 | do. | do. | Brick building, lighted by window, but milk not stored here. | Clean. | Storing food now. | Timber built, impervious manger and floors : tiled roof. | 1 to 63, with 48 roof lights. | Louvre in roof and open tiles. | Shed clean; manure deposit in farm yard. | 9 double and 1 single stall. | Average 10. | 1,474. | Men are required to clean teats, udders, and hands. | 1 cow lost during year after calving. | do. | do. | Merton. | do. Milk sold wholesale | |
| a 27 | do. | do. | do. | do. | do. | Brick walls, cement mangers and floor. | 1 to 23. | Louvre in roof and air gratings in walls. | do. | 8 double stalls. | Average 10. | 1,520. | do. | Nil. | do. | do. | Merton. | ||
| A 28 | Good. | Good. | Brick building ; paved in concrete. | Good. | None. | Brick building, tiled mangers, concrete floors, and channels draining to gully. | 1 to 40 and 36 roof lights. | 3 louvres and 13 windows, opening 1ft. by 3ft. | Manure moved away to farm; shed clean. | 14 double and 2 single stalls. | Average 20; holds 30 when full. | 800 when full. | Care ia taken in regard to cleansing teats, udders and hands | Good : no deaths. | Company's mains. | Company's mains. | Merton. | Sold wholesale; cows turned out d^i'v | |
| a 59 | Fair. | Good. | Timber built. | Good. | None. | Timber built, with cement walls in front of manger to 4ft. 6in. | 1 to 200 | Louvre in roof and open tiles. | Manure moved to heap in yard and stored for removal later. | 6 double stalls. | Average 8. | 930. | do. | Good ; no deaths. | Company's mains. | Company's mains. | Morden and Merton. | ||
| a 0 | Good. | Good. | No dairy; small quantity sold in grocer's shop. | .. .. | .. .. | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... | ... ... | ... | ... | ... ... ... ... ... | ... ... ... ... ... | Company's mains. | .. .. | In neighbourhood. | |