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In that Report "the deaths of 17 persons in 1000" are
"considered natural deaths, and all the deaths above that
number" are "referred to artificial causes." On every 1000
deaths, in the years 1841-50, we therefore lost 9 persons in
excess of the standard proposed. Some of this excess is traceable,
I think, to the unpaved, undrained state of many of
our by-ways, gardens, and courts.
Burial Grounds.
The Burial Grounds, closed and unclosed, number 12:
those in use are but 2—the Victoria Park Cemetery, and the
Jews'. Whether it would be better to super-impose on any
a layer of charcoal, as strongly recommended by Dr. Stenhouse,
I, with all deference, leave to you to determine. But "as
putrefactive changes, for some years longer, must proceed in
these saturated soils," it behoves us to supply "sufficiency of
vegetation, gradually to appropriate, as fast as they are
evolved, the products of animal decay."
Lay Stalls.
In a public sense, Lay-stalls do not exist; in a minor
one, each cow or cattle keeper may be said to have lay-stalls
of his own. There are, however, certain courts and corners
where accumulations of refuse are made. Certain open spaces
also, are, in this respect open nuisances too—Nova Scotia
Gardens, to wit. The ground likewise, under and about
several arches of the Eastern Counties Railway, and of the