Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for London County Council]
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APPEN DIX |. iii
TABLE SHOWING PROCEEDINGS OF LONDON SANITARY AUTHORITIES UNDER THE FACTORY AND WORKSHOP ACT, 1901.
Premises, Particulars, Class, &c. | City of London | Battersea. | Bermondsey. | Bethnal Green. | Camberwell. | Chelsea. | Deptford. | Finsbury. | Fulham. | Greenwich. | Hackney. | Hair mersmith. | Hampstead. | Holborn. | Islington. | Kensington. | Lambeth. | Lewisham. | Paddington. | Poplar. | St. Marylebonc. | St. Pancras. | Shoreditch. | Southwark. | Stepney. | Stoke Newington. | Wandsworth. | City of Westminster. | Woolwich. | ||||
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1. Inspections. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Factories (including factory laundries) | 3,638 | 556 | 197 | 167 | 398 | 3 | 166 | 1,170 | 140 | 34 | 59 | 751 | 92 | 141 | 484 | 151 | 10 | 94 | 110 | 72 | 91 | 66 | 384 | 115 | 129 | 42 | 826 | 67 | 67 | ||||
Workshops (including workshop laundries) | 4,232 | 1,638 | 86 | 3,573 | 2,635 | 890 | 390 | 2,325 | 520 | 208 | 2,100 | 1,532 | 675 | 689 | 2,558 | 2,339 | 157 | 1,630 | 2,926 | 1,164 | 3,330 | 398 | 2,924 | 1,012 | 4,797 | 190 | 3,227 | 2,784 | 241 | ||||
Workplaces (other than outworkers' premises) | 1,179 | 1,575 | 221 | 1,004 | 815 | 7 | 200 | 235 | 170 | 121 | 1 | 908 | 1,693 | 2,530 | 1,147 | 185 | — | 174 | 40 | 1,230 | 659 | 121 | 674 | 3,906 | 81 | 16 | 1,997 | 2,491 | 91 | ||||
Total (Inspections) | 9,049 | 3,769 | 504 | 4,744 | 3,848 | 893 | 756 | 3,730 | 830 | 363 | 2,160 | 3,191 | 2,460 | 3,360 | 4,189 | 2,675 | 167 | 1,898 | 3,076 | 2,466 | 4,080 | 585 | 3,982 | 5,133 | 5,007 | 248 | 6,050 | 5,342 | 399 | ||||
2. Defects Found. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Want of cleanliness | 674 | 77 | 44 | 650 | 54 | 17 | 140 | 248 | 58 | 74 | 262 | 73 | 79 | 59 | 492 | 81 | 97 | 71 | 58 | 504 | 218 | 62 | 198 | 709 | 622 | 26 | 154 | 880 | 63 | ||||
Want of ventilation | 22 | 3 | 3 | 31 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 27 | 2 | — | 51 | — | 2 | 1 | 33 | 35 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 15 | 3 | — | 76 | 112 | 1 | 7 | 146 | 9 | ||||
Overcrowding | 9 | 8 | — | 5 | 3 | 7 | 2 | 6 | — | — | 15 | — | 2 | 5 | 14 | 9 | 7 | 4 | 23 | — | 6 | — | 3 | 26 | 38 | 3 | 2 | 63 | 3 | ||||
Want of drainage of floors | — | 3 | 8 | 8 | 4 | — | 4 | 1 | 9 | — | — | 35 | — | — | 2 | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | 8 | 3 | 1 | — | 16 | 3 | |||||||
Other nuisances | 1,586 | 113 | 163 | 638 | 60 | 27 | 104 | 479 | 6 | 24 | 129 | 165 | 43 | 124 | 247 | 81 | 143 | 17 | — | 172 | 79 | 5 | 76 | 648 | 330 | 37 | 183 | 1,230 | 19 | ||||
Sanitary accommodation | Insufficient | 16 | 11 | 11 | 14 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 15 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 44 | 10 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | 4 | 3 | 18 | 16 | 18 | 4 | 5 | 64 | ||||
Unsuitable | 2,887 | 26 | 11 | 315 | 65 | 3 | 49 | 210 | 19 | 16 | 100 | 42 | 3 | 63 | 554 | 74 | 135 | 43 | 30 | 61 | 5 | 123 | 17 | 187 | 33 | 100 | 98 | 20 | |||||
Not separate for sexes | 56 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 4 | 2 | — | 46 | 2 | — | 5 | 1 | — | 9 | 14 | 3 | 1 | — | 2 | — | 9 | 5 | 8 | 6 | 20 | 1 | 2 | 114 | 4 | ||||
Illegal occupation of underground bakehouse (s. 101) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||
Breach of special sanitary requiremcnts for bakehouses (ss. 97-100) | — | 37 | 6 | — | — | 5 | — | — | 8 | — | — | 96 | — | — | — | 45 | — | 57 | — | — | 14 | 13 | — | — | 21 | — | 9 | 4 | — | ||||
Other offences (excluding offences relating to outwork) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 17 | — | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Total (defects found) | 5,250 | 279 | 247 | 1,669 | 194 | 63 | 304 | 1,122 | 97 | 116 | 568 | 389 | 132 | 265 | 1,433 | 338 | 387 | 197 | 132 | 680 | 407 | 99 | 426 | 1,506 | 1,352 | 106 | 462 | 2,615 | 1ll | ||||
3. Homework. | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
60 | 108 | 128 | 296 | 128 | 64 | 78 | 120 | 138 | 122 | 38 | 92 | 138 | 318 | 47 | 124 | 656 | 60 | ||||||||||||||||
Received twice" in the year from employers | 1,382 | 76 | 72 | 170 | 152 | 56 | 72 | 286 | 26 | 26 | 380 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Outworkers, | Contractor | 3,656 | 41 | 13 | 2,8031 | 60 | 228 | 11 | 437 | 6 | 304 | 34 3,071 | 76 | 92 | 215 | 88 | 137 | 9 | — | 30 | 67 | 462 | 68 | 73 | 1,107 | 4,263 | 346 j | 82 | 9,050 | 9eo | |||
"corresponding there to, | W kmen | 11,661 | 320 | 669} | 1,850 | 416 | 530 | 4,595 | 60 | 90 | 226 | 561 | 2,308 | 892 | 564 | 186 | 544 | 2,455 | 1,340 | 136 | 1,652 | 349 | |||||||||||
Received once in the year from em-ployers | Number of Lists | 99 | 7 | 18 | 11 | 24 | 1 | 5 | 39 | 3 | 3 | 59 | 14 | 8 | 18 | 55 | 7 | 9 | 21 | 9 | 13 | __ | 13 | 13 | 7 | 16 | — | 8 | 39 | 7 | |||
Outworkers.1 | Contractors | 178 | 1 | 1 | 1251 | 7 | — | — | 48 | — | 6 | — | 8 | 6 | 3 | 24 | 1 | 15 | — | 16 | 291 | 48 | 179 { | _ | 3 | 171 | |||||||
corresponding thereto. | Workmen | 688 | 22 | 105 | 130 | 1 | 9 | 406 | 6 | 313 | 24 | 5 | 17 | 92 | 15 | 37 | 41 | 29 | 77 | — | 47 | 76/ | — | 22 | 24 | ||||||||
Number of addresses of outworkers received from other Councils | 709 | 825 | — | 3,103 | — | 135 | — | — | — | 268 | 3,478 | — | — | — | 2,746 | 360 | 1,008 | — | 386 | 2,'08 | — | — | 2,385 | 1,133 | — | 747 | 511 | 443 | 115 | ||||
Number of addresses of outworkers forwarded to other Councils | 15,737 | 181 | — | 1,561 | — | 648 | — | — | — | 151 | 2,472 | 1,228 | 798 | 341 | 350 | 1l,336 | 82 | 589 | 87 | 285 | 4,663 | 148 | |||||||||||
Prosecutions | Failing to keep lists or permit inspection thereof | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||
Failing to send lists | — | — | — | _ | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | _ | _ | _ | 1 | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ | __ | _ | ||||||
Number of inspections of outworkers premises | — | 760 | 1.384 | 6,031 | 1,325 | 122 | 331 | 508 | — | 278 | 1,658 | 588 | — | 193 | 637 | 121 | 167 | 364 | 298 | 1,294 | — | — | 2,645 | 1,033 | 4,886 | 773 | 461 | 979 | 629 | ||||
Outwork in unwhole- some premises-(s. 108) | Instances | — | 33 | 132 | 490 | 37 | 21 | _ | _ | 31 | — | 396 | 17 | — | — | 26 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 95 | — | 531 | — | 18 | 400 | — | |||
Notices served | _ | 33 | 132 | 490 | 11 | 21 | 1 | — | 31 | — | 348 | 17 | 26 | 3 | — | — | — | 26 | — | — | 95 | — | 531 | — | 28 | 813 | 18 | ||||||
Prosecutions | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
Outwork in infected premises (ss. 109, 110) | Instances | __ | 5 | _ | — | _ | _ | 19 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 24 | 8 | 8 | — | 7 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 149 | — | 16 | 23 | — | |||
Orders made (s. 110) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||
Prosecutions (ss. 109, 110) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||
4. Workshops. | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||
Bakehouses (a) | 21 | 79 | 74 | 89 | 162 | 33 | 69 | 60 | 71 | 57 | 105 | 62 | 34 | 32 | 241 | 91 | 214 | 91 | 53 | 84 | 75 | 167 | 75 | 107 | 179 | 24 | 127 | 85 | 42 | ||||
Laundries | 3,6571 | 29 | 401 | 2,0681 | 49 | 20 | 7 | 19 | 35 | 23 | 93 | 305 | 6 | 13 | 100 | 167 | 193 | 82 | 101 | 26 | 4,434 | 74 | 26 | 59 | 21 | 206 | 147 | 42 | 16 | ||||
Other workshops | 452 | 653 | 1,585 | 673 | 176 | 1,931 | 294 | 201 | 873 | 727 | 415 | 1,171 | 2,037 | 1,586 | 1,204 | 413 | 1,290 | 848 | 1,718b | 1.117 | 2,871 | 3,320 | 1,429 | 2,772 | 175 | ||||||||
Total (number of workshops on the Register) | 3,678 | 560 | 767 | 2,157 | 1,796 | 726 | 252 | 2,010 | 4C0 | 281 | 1,071 | 1,094 | 455 | 1,216 | 2,378 | 1,844 | 1,611 | 586 | 1,444 | 958 | 4,509 | 1,959 | 1,218 | 3,037 | 3,520 | 230 | 1,703 | 2,899 | 233 | ||||
5. Other Matters. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Failure to affix abstract of the Factory and Workshop Act (s. 133) | 106 | 28 | — | 21 | 16 | 5 | 9 | 72 | — | 6 | 51 | — | 10 | 4 | 197 | 41 | — | 35 | 52 | 12 | 46 | — | 2 | 37 | 15 | 25 | 124 | 4 | |||||
Action taken in matters referred by H.M. Inspector as remediable under the Public Health Acta but not under the Factory and Workshop Act (s. 5). | Notified by H.M. Inspector | 45 | 1 | 8 | 71 | 10 | 6 | — | 17 | 7 | 1 | 48 | 15 | — | 18 | 9 | 10 | 8 | 3 | — | 17 | 40 | 8 | 32 | 30 | 290 | 4 | 9 | 91 | 2 | |||
Reports (of action taken) sent to | 45 | 8 | 72 | 3 | 6 | 17 | 7 | 1 | 41 | 15 | — | 18 | 7 | 10 | 8 | 3 | — | 17 | 35 | 8 | 15 | 1 | 244 | 4 | 9 | 91 | 2 | ||||||
H.M. Inspector | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | 31 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | 48 | — | — | — | 36 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 6 | _ | — | 9 | 46 | — | — | 3 | — | ||||
Certificates granted during 1912 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | _ | _ | _ | — | — | _ | _ | _ | 1 | _ | _ | — | _ | — | 1 | _ | _ | ||||
In use at the end of 1912 | 21 | 30 | 32 | 26 | 65 | 28 | 25 | 34 | 49 | 12 | 50 | 30 | 21 | 21 | 195 | 75 | 72 | 20 | 54 | 25 | 65 | 132 | 41 | 40 | 59 | 19 | 47 | 68 | 15 |
(a) Including bakehousw not in use during the year.
(6) Including workplaces.