Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for London County Council]
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Date. | Barking crude sewage. | Effluent from primary ooarse bed; series A. | Effluent from secondary coarse bed; series A. | Effluent from primary coarse bed; series B. | Effluent from secondary fine bed; series B |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1899. | |||||
October 16 | 7,200,000 | 1,700,000 | 800,000 | ... | |
23 | 5,440,000 | 1,500,000 | ... | ... | 900,000 |
November 1 | 8,800,000 | 2,640,000 | 2,000,000 | ... | |
7 | 7,060,000 | ... | ... | 1,070,000 | 400,000 |
13 | 3,680,000 | ... | 1,180,000 | 910,000 | ... |
28 | 10,400,000 | ... | 4,800,000 | 2,640,000 | |
December 5 | ... | ... | 1,480,000 | 4,520,000 | 1,000,000 |
12 | ... | 2,240,000 | 2,900,000 | 1,420,000 | |
1900. | |||||
January 3 | 2,880,000 | 3,970,000 | ... | 2,530,000 | |
17 | ... | ... | 1,760,000 | 2,000,000 | 1,220,000 |
These results are shown in graphic form in Diagram 2.
It is to be noted that on four occasions one or other of the effluents contained less than one
million microbes per c.c., and on fifteen occasions not more than two millions. On November 7th
the effluent from the secondary fine bed ( series B. ) contained only 400,000 microbes per c.c., as
compared with 7,000,000 in the crude sewage, a reduction of over 94 per cent.
(b) Number of B. Coli or Closely Allied Forms.
The number of
Date. | Barking crude sewage. | Effluent from primary coarse bed; series A. | Effluent from secondary coarse bed; series A. | Effluent from primary coarse bed; series B. | Effluent from secondary fine bed; series B. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1899. | |||||
October 16 | 800,000 | None in .00001 c.c. | 100,000 | ... | ... |
23 | 200,000 | 800,000 | ... | ... | None in .00001 c.c. |
November 1 | 1,600,000 | 500,000 | 500,000 | ||
7 | 1,200,000 | ... | 200,000 | None in .00001 c.c. | |
13 | 600,000 | ... | 300,000 | None in .00001 c.c. | ... |
28 | 200,000 | ... | 200.000 | 100,000 | |
December 5 | ... | 100,000 | 100,000 | None in 00001 c.c. | |
12 | 100,000 | 400,000 | 400,500 | ||
1900. | |||||
January 3 | 200,000 | 100,000 | ... | 200,000 | |
17 | ... | None in .00001 c.c. | 100,000 | None in .00001 c.c. |
These results are shown in graphic form in Diagram 3.
It will be noted that on seven occasions one or other of the effluents contained no B. coli in
'00001 c.c. Usually, however, the effluents contained at least 100,000 B. coli per c.c.
Although there was evidence of a reduction in the number of B. coli in the effluents as
compared with the crude sewage, the large number still remaining in the effluents must be
regarded as very unsatisfactory from the epidemiological point of view.
(c) Number of Spores of B. Enteritidis Sporogenes.
The number of spores of
Date. | Barking crude sewage. | Effluent from primary coarse bed; series A. | Effluent from secondary coarse bed; series A. | Effluent from primary coarse bed; series B. | Effluent from secondary fine bed; series B. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1899 | c.c. | c.c. | c.c. | c.c. | c.c. |
Oct. 16 | +.1,.01 and .001 | + .01; — .001 | + .l and .01 | ... | + .01 and.01;—.001 |
23 | +.1,.01 and .001 | +.1,.01 and .001 | ... | ... | + .01 and.01;—.001 |
Nov. 1 | +.1,.01 and .001 | +.1,.01 and .001 | + .l,.01;.001 | ... | ... |
7 | +.1,.01 and .001 | +.1,.01 and .001 | ... | ... | + .01 and.01;—.001 |
13 | +.01;- .001 | +... | +.01;-.001 | +.01;-.001 | + .1 and.01 |
28 | +.1 and .01 | ... | ... | + .01 and .01 | |
Dec. 5 | ... | ... | + .0l;- .001 | + .01 and .001 | +.1 and .01 |
12 | ... | ... | + .01 and .001 | + .01 and .001 | + .01; —.001 |
1900 | |||||
Jan. 3 | ... | +.01;- .001 | + .0l and.001 | ... | +.01;- .001 |
17 | ... | ... | +.01 | +.01 | —.01 |
The sign + signifies the presence and the sign — the absence of spores of B. enteritidis sporogenes.
These results are shown in graphic form in Diagram 4.
Although as a rule the effluents contained fewer spores of B. enteritidis sporogenes than the
crude sewage, the reduction was not very well marked, and, moreover, was not a constant factor.
It cannot therefore be said that the biological processes at work in the coke-beds effected any
significant alteration in the number of spores of this pathogenic anaerobe.