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mortality among young children.
97
From the above index numbers it is evident that the increase in the mortality among
males during the second quinquennium was greater than that among females, while the
decrease among males in the third and last quinquennia was greater than that among females.
The "crossover" in the directions of the curves of mortality is interesting, but until the
causes of death have been analysed for each sex, no explanation of the change can be offered.
The changes in the numbers dying (Table 2) out of a -standard number of 100,000 children
born alive in each quinquennium, show that in the second quinquennium more deaths of
persons (i.e., children of both sexes) occurred at all periods of life under one year of age, except

the 2nd-7th davs and the second and third months. In the third and fourth quinquennia
fewer deaths occurred at all periods than in the first but the deaths during the first day of life
in the fourth quinquennium were more numerous than in the third, the increase being sufficient
to counterbalance the decrease in the number of deaths taking place during the fourth period,
during the remainder of the first week of life. Hence the number of deaths during the first
week is higher in the fourth than in the third quinquennium. The figures for each sex are,
practically, to the same effect, but fewer deaths were recorded in the second than in the first
quinquennium during the third trimester among males and during the 2nd-4th weeks, among
females.
At ages over one year (Table 3) decreases in the numbers of survivors have to be noted
for each year of life in the second quinquennium, but, as will be shown later, those decreases