[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Walthamstow]

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TABLE I. Birth-rate, Death-rate, and Analysis of Mortality during the Year 1925. (Provisional figures. The rates for England and Wales have been calculated on a population estimated to the middle of 1925, while those for the towns have been calculated on populations estimated to the middle of 1924. The mortality rates refer to the whole population as regards England and Wales but only to civilians as regards London and the groups of towns.)

-	Birth-Rate per 1,000 Total Population.	Annual Death-rate per 1,000 Population.									Rate per 1,000 Births		Percentage of Total Deaths.
-	Birth-Rate per 1,000 Total Population.	All Causes.	Enteric Fever.	Small-Pox.	Measles.	Scarlet Fever.	Whooping Cough	Diphtheria.	Influenza.	Violence.	Diarrhoea and Enteritis \| (under 2 years).	Total Deaths under 1 year.	Causes of Death Certified by Registered Medical Practitioners	Inquest Cases.	Uncertified Causes of Death.

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TABLE II. SUB-DISTRICTS. WARDS.— Acreage, Population, Density, Birth and Death Rates , 1925.

Wards.	Acreage.	Area actually built upon.	Number of Private Families Census, 1921.	Structurally separate dwellings occupied, 1921.	Census Population, 1921.	Houses built 1921-1925	Estimated mid-year population, 1925.	Density of Area built upon 1925.	Birth-Rate, 1925.	Death-Rate, 1925.	Height in feet of Ordnance Datum.
Cols. (1).	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)	(9)	(10)	(11)	(12)

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TABLE III. Buildings, Dwellings, Rooms and Families.

Buildings.			Population . 1921.			Dwgs. occupied by non-private Families.	Structurally Separate Dwellings occupied by Private Families or Vacant.
In Course of Erection	Completed						Vacant on \ Census night	Occupied by Caretaker.	1-3 Rooms	4-5 Rooms.	6-8 Rooms.	9 or more Rooms.	Total Dwgs.	Total Rooms.
In Course of Erection	Not Contg. Dwgs.	Containing Dwgs.					Vacant on \ Census night	Occupied by Caretaker.	1-3 Rooms	4-5 Rooms.	6-8 Rooms.	9 or more Rooms.	Total Dwgs.	Total Rooms.

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TABLE IV. Private Families classified by Size of Family, Rooms occupied and Density of Occupation.

Number of private families occupying the following number of Rooms.								Total Private Families.		Density of Occupation.
										Population at lollowing densities of occupation (rooms per person )
1	2	3	4	5	6-7	8-9	10 and over
1	2	3	4	5	6-7	8-9	10 and over	No.	%	under .3	.3 and under .5	5. and under .7	.7 and under 1.0

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TABLE V.

Occupation.—Males.	Essex Administrative County (with associated County Boroughs).	East Ham C.B.	Southend-on-Sea C.B.	West Ham C.B.	IIford U.D.	Leyton U.D.	Walthamstow U.D.	Aggregate of Rural Districts.

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TABLE VI.

Occupation—Females.	Essex Administrative County (with associated County Boroughs).	East Ham C.B.	Southend-on-Sea C.B.	West Ham C.B.	Ilford U.D.	Leyton U.D.	Walthamstow U.D.	Aggregate of Rural Districts.

Page 26

table vii. Vital Statistics of Whole District during 1925 and previous Years.

Births.			Total Deaths Registered in the District.		Transferable Deaths		Nett Deaths belonging to the District.
Un-corrected Number	Nett.		Number.	Rate.	of Nonresidents registered in the District.	of Residents not registered in the District.	Under 1 year of age		At all ages.
	Number.	Rate.					Under 1 year of age		At all ages.
	Number.	Rate.					Number.	Rate per 1000 Nett Births.	Number.	Rate.

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table viii. Births distributed in Wards—with populations (1921), and Birth-rales for 1925

	St. James Street.		High Street.		Hoe Street.		Wood Street.		Hale End.		Higham Hill.		Totals.
	M.	F.	M.	F.	M.	F.	M.	F.	M.	F.	M.	F.	M.	F.

Page 29

The birth-rates for the various Wards for Census years 1901 and 1911, and for 1920, 1922, 1923, 1924 and 1925 were as follows:—

	St. James Street.	High Street.	Hoe Street.	Wood Street.	Hale End.	Higham Hill.	Whole District.

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The birth, death, and infantile mortality rates of the following districts of the outer zone of London compared with Walthamstow, are as follows:—

District.	Population.	Birthrate.	Death-rate .	Deatns of Children under 1 year to 1 000 Births.

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These will not vitiate to any extent the true death-rates:—

	St. James Street.	High Street.	Hoe Street.	Wood Street.	Hale End.	Higham Hill.

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TABLE IX Causes of and Ages at Death during the year 1925. Whole District and Wards.

	Causes of Death.	Nett Deaths at the subjoined ages of "Residents" whether occurring within or without the district.									Wards.
	Causes of Death.	All Ages	Under l'year	1 and under 2 years	2 and under 5 years	5 and under 15 years	15 and under 25 years	25 and under 45 years	45 and under 65 years	65 and upwards	St. James Street	High Street	Hoe Street	Wood Street	Hale End	Higham Hill
No.	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	St. James Street	High Street	Hoe Street	Wood Street	Hale End	Higham Hill

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TABLE X. SUMMARY, 1925. Causes of Death of Children under 1 year of age.

Cause of Death.		Under 1 Week	1-2 Weeks	2-3 Weeks	3-4 Weeks	Total under 4 Weeks	4 Weeks and under 3 Months	3 Months and under 6 Months	6 Months and under 9 Months	9 Months and under 12 Months	Total Deaths under One Year.	Wards .
Cause of Death.		Under 1 Week	1-2 Weeks	2-3 Weeks	3-4 Weeks	Total under 4 Weeks	4 Weeks and under 3 Months	3 Months and under 6 Months	6 Months and under 9 Months	9 Months and under 12 Months	Total Deaths under One Year.	St. James Street	High Street	Hoe Street	Wood Street	Hale End	Higham Hill
All Causes	Certified	40	5	16	6	67	17	22	10	6	122
All Causes	Uncertified	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

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Birth, Death, and other Rates since 1891.

Year.		Births.	Deaths.	B. Rate.	D. Rate.	Zymotic D. R.	Infantile Mortality Rate.	Natural Increase of Population

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TABLE XII. Since my appointment the numbers of deaths from the Zymotic diseases named were as follows:—

	Small-Pox.	Scarlatina.	Diphtheria and Croup.	Typhoid.	Measles.	Whooping Cough.	Diarrhoea.	Zymotic Enteritis.	Total.

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These embrace the following:—

Situation.	Accommodation.	By whom provided.	Description.

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The nature and variety of the work carried out is shown in the following tables:—

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Continued from previous page...

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Continued from previous page...

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Premises and Occupations which can be controlled by Bye-laws and Regulations:—

	Number.	Visits paid.

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Prior to 1914 the general standard of fitness of houses was good. How far this standard has fallen is apparent by a perusal of the following table:—

Year.	No. of complaints received.	No. of Informal Notices served.	No. of Statutory Notices served.	No. of Dirty Rooms cleansed.	No. of House-to-house Inspections

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The conditions were found as follows:—

		Good.	Fair.	Bad

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1.—INSPECTION. Including Inspections made by Sanitary Inspectors or Inspectors of Nuisances.

Premises. (i)	Number of
Premises. (i)	Inspections. (2)	Written Notices. (3)	Prosecutions. (4)

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2.—DEFECTS FOUND.

Particulars.		Number of Defects.			Number of Prosecutions.
Particulars.		Found.	Remedied.	Referred to H.M. Inspector.	Number of Prosecutions.
(1)		(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)

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3.— OUTWORK IN UNWHOLESOME PREMISES.

Nature of Work.	Instances.	Notices served.	Prosecutions .
(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)

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There are no Public Slaughterhouses in the area. The following Table shows the private Slaughterhouses now in use:—

1920.	January, 1925.	December, 1925.

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The following Table shows for London and certain large Metropolitan areas the number of cases of Scarlet Fever and Diphtheria notified in 1925 to the Ministry of Health, with the number of deaths as ascertained from the Registrar-General's returns and the case death-rate per 100 attacked:—

	Number notified.		Deaths.		Case rate per 100.
	S.F.	Dip.	S.F.	Dip	S.F.	Dip.

Page 58

The following Table shows the estimated population, the number of cases of Diphtheria and Membranous Croup, the attack rate since 1890, and the death-rate since 1898.

Years.	Population.	Number of Diphtheria Cases.	Rate per 1,000	Membranous Croup Cases.	Diphtheria and Croup Death-rate per 1,000 population

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TABLE XIII. Estimated Population, Number of Infectious Diseases notified, with "Infectious Sickness Rate," and the Mean for the Years under consideration.

Years.	Population .	Scarlet Fever.	Smallpox .	Diphtheria .	Croup.	Typhus Fever.	Enteric Fever.	Continued Fever.	Erysipelas.	Puerperal Fever.	Totals.	Infectious Sickness Rate per l000Pop.

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TABLE XIV. Cases of Infectious Disease notified during the Year 1925. The following table shows the numbers and the Infectious Diseases notified for the whole District and for the Wards, and the number removed to Hospital:—

Notifiable Disease.	Cases Notified in Whole District.								Total Cases Notified in each Locality.						Total Cases Removed to Hospital.
	All Ages.	At Ages—Years.							St. James Street.	High Street.	Hoe Street.	Wood Street.	Hale End.	Higham Hill
	All Ages.	Under 1	1 to 5	5 to 15	15 to 25	25 to 45	45 to 65	65 and upwards.	St. James Street.	High Street.	Hoe Street.	Wood Street.	Hale End.	Higham Hill

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TABLE XV. The following Table shows the drainage and other defects in houses from which cases of Infectious Diseases were notified, and will help to show their relationship.

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The following shows the bacteriological work carried out:—

	At the Public Health Offices.	County Laboratory.

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"Return" case and the number of susceptible children in the house:—

Date of Discharge.	Duration of illness.	Interval from Discharge to ' 'Return" case	No. of susceptible Children in house . under 15 years.	Remarks.

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SANATORIUM REPORT, 1925. ADMISSIONS, DISCHARGES AND DEATHS.

	Scarlet Fever.	Diphtheria .	Whooping. Cough.	Tuberculosis .	Other Diseases.	Total.

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SEX AND AGES OF PATIENTS ADMITTED.

Disease.	Under 5 years.		From 5 to 10 years.		From 10 to 15 years.		15 years and upwards		Total of		Total.
	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F

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SEX AND AGE AT DEATH.

Disease.	Under 5 yea: s.		From 5 to 10 years.		From 10 to 15 years.		15 years & upwards.		Total.
	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F

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MONTHLY ADMISSION OF SCARLET FEVER CASES.

	Under 5 years.		From 5 to 10 years.		From 10 to 15 years.		15 years & upwards.		Total
	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F

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MONTHLY ADMISSION OF DIPHTHERIA CASES.

	Under 5 years.		From 5 to 10 years.		From 10 to 15 years.		15 years & upwards.		Total.
	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F

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Infant Consultations. —The following are the quarterly attendances of children throughout the year:—

	New Cases.	Old Cases.

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Six hundred and sixty-three families were and 35,556 pints were distributed as follows:— assisted wi th milk

Free.	At ½d. per pt.	At 1d. per pt.	At l½d.per pt.	At 2d.per pt.	At ½-cost

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TABLE XVI.

Ward.	How Fed.			Sleeping Accommodation.		Condition of Baby.			House Accommodation.
Ward.	Breast.	Breast and Hand.	Hand.	With Mother.	Cot or Cradle.	Good.	Fair.	Bad.	Whole House.	Flat.	Half-House.	1 Room.	2 Rooms.	3 Rooms.

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Ophthalmia Neonatorum. —The cases notified were of a very mild type and the details are as follows:-

Cases.			Vision unimpaired .	Vision impaired.	Total Blindness.	Deaths.
Notified.	Treated.
Notified.	At Home.	In Hospital.

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Proportionately to population the numbers show no increase on previous years. The cases are distributed as follows:—

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NEW CASES AND MORTALITY DURING 1925.

Age Periods.	New Cases.				Deaths.
	Pulmonary.		Non-Pulmonary.		Pulmonary.		Non-Pulmonary.
	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F

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FINANCIAL STATEMENT.

	£	s.	d.	£	s.	d.
	1924			1925

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NUMBER OF SCHOOLS AND ACCOMMODATION.

	Boys	Girls	Infants	Mixed	Seating Accommodation.
	Boys	Girls	Infants	Mixed	Boys		Girls		Infants	Mixed

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5. REVIEW OF THE FACTS DISCLOSED BY MEDICAL INSPECTION. Heights and Weights of children inspected.

Boys.	A.
Age.	Average Height (inches).	Average Weight, (pounds),	Anthropometric Height.	Standard Weight.

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6. CLOTHING, FOOTGEAR and NUTRITION.

Entrants.
	Clothing.		Footgear.		Nutrition.
	Satisfactory. per cent.	Unsatisfactory. per cent.	Satisfactory. per cent.	Unsatisfactory. per cent.	Excellent. per cent.	Normal, per cent.

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Sent by School Medical Officer.

	Boys.	Girls.

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Sent by Private Doctors.

	Boys.	Girls.

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Contacts.

	Boys.	Girls.

Page 87

The following table gives the percentage and sex incidence of those cases seen at Lloyd Park and found to be suffering from errors of refraction:—

	Girls	per cnt.	Boys	per cent.	Total	per cent.

Page 88

The following were found to be suffering from defects other than errors of refraction:—

Diseases or Defects.	Boys.	Girls.

Page 88

External Diseases of the Eye.

Disease.	Boys.	Girls.	Totals.

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Squint.

		Boys.	Girls.

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Operations by Mr. Lindsay Rea at Western Ophthalmic Hospital.

	Boys.	Girls.

Page 89

In addition, 706 attendances were made by children requiring treatment. In all, the attendances at the Clinic totalled 3,369.

Diseases.	No. of Children.		No. of Attendances.		Average No. of attendances per child.
	Boys.	Girls.	Boys.	Girls.	Boys.	Girls.

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The following gives the notifications under the Infectious Diseases Notification Act, received in respect of the diseases named, occurring amongst children of School age: —

	Scarlet Fever.	Diphtheria.	Nonclinical Diphtheria.	Measles.	Whooping Cough.

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The following table shows the defects in the year:— the childre n during

Diagnosis.	Bovs.	Girls.

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During the year 19 children in all were treated, suffering from the following defects:—

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Fifteen operations, as under, were performed :—

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TABLE I. Return of Medical Inspections. A.—Routine Medical Inspections.

Number of Code Group Inspections.				Number of other Routine Inspections.
Entrants.	Intermediates.	Leavers.	Total.	Number of other Routine Inspections.

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B.—Other Inspections.

Number of Special Inspections.	Number of Re-Inspections.	Total.

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TABLE II. Return of defects found in course of Medical Inspection in 1925.

Defects or Disease.	Routine Inspections.		Special Inspections.
	Number of Defects.		Number of Defects.
	Requiring Treatment.	Requiring to be kept under observation but not requiring Treatment.	Requiring Treatment.	Requiring to be kept under observation but not requiring Treatment.
1	2	3	4	5

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Number of Individual Children having Defects which required Treatment (Excluding Uncleanliness and Dental Diseases.)

Group.	Number or Children.		Percentage of Children found to require Treatment.
Group.	Inspected.	Found to require Treatment.	Percentage of Children found to require Treatment.
1	2	3	4

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TABLE III. Numerical Return of all Exceptional Children in the Area in 1926.

			Boys.	Girls.	Totals.

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Continued from previous page...

			Boys.	Girls.	Totals.

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TABLE IV.

Disease or Defect.	Number of Defects treated, or under treatment during the year.
Disease or Defect.	Under the Authority's Scheme.	Otherwise.	Total.

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GROUP II.—DEFECTIVE VISION AND SQUINT (excluding minor Eye Defects treated as Minor Ailments—Group I.).

Defect or Disease.	No. of Defects dealt with.
Defect or Disease.	Under the Authority's Scheme.	Submitted to refraction by private practioner or at hospital, apart from the Authority's Scheme.	Otherwise.	Total.

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Continued from previous page...

	Under the Authority's Scheme.	Otherwise.

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Group III.—Treatment of Defects of Nose and Throat.

Number of Defects.			Received other forms of Treatment.	Total number treated.
Received Operative Treatment.
Under the Authority's Scheme, in Clinic or Hospital.	By Private Practitioner or Hospital, apart from the Authority's Scheme.	Total.

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Group IV.—Dental Defects.

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NON-NOTIFIABLE INFECTIOUS DISEASES. Walthamstow Education Committee's "Regulations as to Infectious Diseases in Schools." Notifications received from Head Teachers during period from January 1st to December 31st 1925.

District.	School.	Department.	Measles.	Whooping Cough.	Mumps.	Chicken Pox.	Ringworm.	Sore Throat.	Impetigo and Pediculosis	External Eye Disease.	Totals.

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RETURN showing the number of Cases of SCARLET FEVER and DIPHTHERIA notified in each month of Children attending the PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS, 1925.

	SCHOOL.	DEPARTMENT.	JAN.		FEB.		MAR.		APRIL.		MAY.		JUNE.		JULY.		AUG.		SEPT.		OCT.		NOV.		DEC.		TOTALS.
	SCHOOL.	DEPARTMENT.	S.F.	D.	S.F.	D .	S.F.	D .	S.F.	D .	S.F	D.	S.F.	D .	S.F.	D.	S.F.	D.	S.F.	D.	S.F.	D.	S.F.	D.	S.F.	D.	S.F.	D.

London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972

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Walthamstow 1925

74 tables in this report

TABLE II. SUB-DISTRICTS. WARDS.— Acreage, Population, Density, Birth and Death Rates , 1925.

TABLE III. Buildings, Dwellings, Rooms and Families.

TABLE IV. Private Families classified by Size of Family, Rooms occupied and Density of Occupation.

TABLE V.

TABLE VI.

table vii. Vital Statistics of Whole District during 1925 and previous Years.

table viii. Births distributed in Wards—with populations (1921), and Birth-rales for 1925

The birth-rates for the various Wards for Census years 1901 and 1911, and for 1920, 1922, 1923, 1924 and 1925 were as follows:—

The birth, death, and infantile mortality rates of the following districts of the outer zone of London compared with Walthamstow, are as follows:—

These will not vitiate to any extent the true death-rates:—

TABLE IX Causes of and Ages at Death during the year 1925. Whole District and Wards.

TABLE X. SUMMARY, 1925. Causes of Death of Children under 1 year of age.

Birth, Death, and other Rates since 1891.

TABLE XII. Since my appointment the numbers of deaths from the Zymotic diseases named were as follows:—

These embrace the following:—

The nature and variety of the work carried out is shown in the following tables:—

Continued from previous page...

Continued from previous page...

Premises and Occupations which can be controlled by Bye-laws and Regulations:—

Prior to 1914 the general standard of fitness of houses was good. How far this standard has fallen is apparent by a perusal of the following table:—

The conditions were found as follows:—

1.—INSPECTION. Including Inspections made by Sanitary Inspectors or Inspectors of Nuisances.

2.—DEFECTS FOUND.

3.— OUTWORK IN UNWHOLESOME PREMISES.

There are no Public Slaughterhouses in the area. The following Table shows the private Slaughterhouses now in use:—

The following Table shows for London and certain large Metropolitan areas the number of cases of Scarlet Fever and Diphtheria notified in 1925 to the Ministry of Health, with the number of deaths as ascertained from the Registrar-General's returns and the case death-rate per 100 attacked:—

The following Table shows the estimated population, the number of cases of Diphtheria and Membranous Croup, the attack rate since 1890, and the death-rate since 1898.

TABLE XIII. Estimated Population, Number of Infectious Diseases notified, with "Infectious Sickness Rate," and the Mean for the Years under consideration.

TABLE XIV. Cases of Infectious Disease notified during the Year 1925. The following table shows the numbers and the Infectious Diseases notified for the whole District and for the Wards, and the number removed to Hospital:—

TABLE XV. The following Table shows the drainage and other defects in houses from which cases of Infectious Diseases were notified, and will help to show their relationship.

The following shows the bacteriological work carried out:—

"Return" case and the number of susceptible children in the house:—

SANATORIUM REPORT, 1925. ADMISSIONS, DISCHARGES AND DEATHS.

SEX AND AGES OF PATIENTS ADMITTED.

SEX AND AGE AT DEATH.

MONTHLY ADMISSION OF SCARLET FEVER CASES.

MONTHLY ADMISSION OF DIPHTHERIA CASES.

Infant Consultations. —The following are the quarterly attendances of children throughout the year:—

Six hundred and sixty-three families were and 35,556 pints were distributed as follows:— assisted wi th milk

TABLE XVI.

Ophthalmia Neonatorum. —The cases notified were of a very mild type and the details are as follows:-

Proportionately to population the numbers show no increase on previous years. The cases are distributed as follows:—

NEW CASES AND MORTALITY DURING 1925.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT.

NUMBER OF SCHOOLS AND ACCOMMODATION.

5. REVIEW OF THE FACTS DISCLOSED BY MEDICAL INSPECTION. Heights and Weights of children inspected.

6. CLOTHING, FOOTGEAR and NUTRITION.

Sent by School Medical Officer.

Sent by Private Doctors.

Contacts.

The following table gives the percentage and sex incidence of those cases seen at Lloyd Park and found to be suffering from errors of refraction:—

The following were found to be suffering from defects other than errors of refraction:—

External Diseases of the Eye.

Squint.

Operations by Mr. Lindsay Rea at Western Ophthalmic Hospital.

In addition, 706 attendances were made by children requiring treatment. In all, the attendances at the Clinic totalled 3,369.

The following gives the notifications under the Infectious Diseases Notification Act, received in respect of the diseases named, occurring amongst children of School age: —

The following table shows the defects in the year:— the childre n during

During the year 19 children in all were treated, suffering from the following defects:—

Fifteen operations, as under, were performed :—

TABLE I. Return of Medical Inspections. A.—Routine Medical Inspections.

B.—Other Inspections.

TABLE II. Return of defects found in course of Medical Inspection in 1925.

Number of Individual Children having Defects which required Treatment (Excluding Uncleanliness and Dental Diseases.)

TABLE III. Numerical Return of all Exceptional Children in the Area in 1926.

Continued from previous page...

TABLE IV.

GROUP II.—DEFECTIVE VISION AND SQUINT (excluding minor Eye Defects treated as Minor Ailments—Group I.).

Continued from previous page...

Group III.—Treatment of Defects of Nose and Throat.

Group IV.—Dental Defects.

NON-NOTIFIABLE INFECTIOUS DISEASES. Walthamstow Education Committee's "Regulations as to Infectious Diseases in Schools." Notifications received from Head Teachers during period from January 1st to December 31st 1925.