Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for London County Council]
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Year. | 0- | 1— | 2— | 5— | 1- | 15— | 20— | 25— | 35— | 45— | 55— | 65 + | All ages. |
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Cause of Death. | 1911 to 1914. | 1915 to 1918. | 1919 to 1922. | 1921. | 1922. | 1923. | 1924. | 1925. |
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Certified cause of death. | Deaths among persons over 65 years of age. | ||
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1911. | 1916. | 1920. |
Period. | Deaths from zymotic diseases per cent, of deaths from all causes. | |||
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0—15. | 15—65. | 65 + | All ages. |
Disease. | 1851 | —60. | 1881 | —90. | 1911 | —20. |
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Deaths 0—5. | Per cent. of all causes. | Deaths 0—5. | Per cent, of all causes. | Deaths 0—5. | Per cent, of all causes. |
Period. | Number of winter quarters with average temperature below normal. | Aggregate of degrees below normal in the winter quarters referred to in the preceding column. |
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Year. | Percentage. | Year. | Percentage. | Year. | Percentage. |
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Year. | England and Wales (including London). | London. | ||
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Cases. | Deaths. | Cases. | Deaths. |
Age periods. | Under 3. | 3-5. | 5-10. | 10-20. | 20-30. | 30-40. | 40-50. | 50-60. | Over 60. | Total. |
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Year. | 1913. | 1914. | 1915. | 1916. | 1917. | 1918. | 1919. | 1920. | 1921. | 1922. | 1923. | 1924. | 1925. |
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Week No. | Deaths. | Week No. | Deaths. | Week No. | Deaths. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1925. | 1926. | 1926. |
Method of forecast. | Forecast too early by | Forecast correct to within 4 weeks. | Forecast too late by | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
14 weeks or more. | 5—13 weeks. | 5—13 weeks. | 14 weeks or more. |
Registration year (52 or 53* weeks). | Week of influenza prevalence with maximum mortality. | Interval from middle of week of maximum mortality. | Expected interval to next maximum. | Difference be tween actual and expected interval.† | Registration year. (52 or 53* weeks). | Week of influenza prevalence with maximum mortality | Interval from middle of week of maximum mortality. | Expected interval to next maximum. | Duterence between actual and expected interval.† | ||
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To commencement of 35th week of year (weeks). | To week of next maximum mortality (weeks) | To commencement of 35th week of year (weeks). | To week of next maximum mortality (weeks). | ||||||||
Column (3) 2. | ('olunn (4)-(5). | Column (3) x o | Column (4) — (5). | ||||||||
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) |
Bacteriological diagnosis. | 1925. | 1924. | 1923. |
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Year. | Deaths. | Death-rates. | ||||
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Males. | Females. | Total. | Males. | Females. | Total. |
Form of tuberculosis notified. | Sex. | Notifications on Form A. (Total of primary notifications received in London borough, other than elementary school cases, injra.) | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0- | 1- | 5- | 10- | 15- | 20- | 25- | 35- | 45- | 55- | 65 + | Total. |
Form of tuberculosis notified. | Sex. | Notifications on Form B. (Primary notifications of cases discovered through medical inspection in elementary schools.) | Notifications on Form C. (Secondary notifications from institutions receiving cases.) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0- | 5- | 10 + | Total. | Poor Law. | Other. |
Form of tuberculosis notified. | Sex. | New cases of tuberculosis coming to knowledge otherwise than by notification on forms A and B. | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0- | 1- | 5- | 10- | 15- | 20- | 25- | 35- | 45- | 55- | 65 + | Total. |
Metropolitan borough. | No. of houses. | No. of houses for the working classes. | No. of representations. | No. of closing orders. | No. of houses demolished. | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
In borough. | Inhabited by working classes. | Repaired by local authority. | Erected. | In course of erection. | ||||||||||
No. of cases observed. | Tuberculous. | Not tuberculous. |
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1921. | 1922. | 1923. | 1924. | 1925. |
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1922. | 1923. | 1924. | 1925. |
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Year. | No. of admissions during year. Adults. | No. of beils occupied at end of year. Adults. | ||||||||
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Uninsured. | Insured. | Ex-service men. | Total. | Children. | Un-insur-d. | Insured. | Ex-servicemen. | Total. | Children. |
Number of cases. | Numbers known alter tour years to be | ||
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Alive. | Dead. |
Observation hospital. | Sanatorium. | Home for advanced cases. | Not accented. | Total. |
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Year. | ||
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1925. | 1924. |
Adults. | |||||
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Discharged soldiers. | Civilians. | Total adults. | Children. | Total children. |
Adults. | |||||
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Discharged soldiers. | Civilians. | Total adults. | Children. | Total children |
Year. | Syphilis. | Gonorrhoea. | Soft chancre. | Non-venereal. | Total. |
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Year. | New cases. | Total venereal cases. | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Syphilis. | Soft chancre. | Gonorrhoea. | ||||||
M. | F. | M. | F. | M. | F. | M. | F. |
Year. | New cases. | Total. | Attendances. | In-patient days. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Venereal. | Non-venereal. |
Pathological examinations. | ||
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Year. | For treatment centres. | For private practitioners. |
Idiot. | Imbecile. | Feeble minded. | Moral Imbecile. | Not Defective. | Insufficient Evidence. | Total. |
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Metropolitan boroughs. (Arranged in topographical order.) | Estimated civil population, 1925. | Births. | Deaths. | Infant mortal- ity (per 1,000 births). | Measles | Scarlet fever. | Diphtheria. | Whoop- ing cough. | Typhoid fever. | Diarrhoea and Enteritis, age 0-2 per 1,000 births). | Phthisis. | Pneumonia. | Bronchitis. | Cancer. | Cases of notifiable infectious disease, (a) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Scarlet fever. | Diphtheria. | Ty-phoid fever. | Erysipelas. | Puerperal fever 'per 1,000 births). | Cerebrospinal fever. | Acute pneumonia. |
Cowsheds. | Slaughterhouses. | Offensive Trades. | Smoke nuisances. | Underground rooms. | Overcrowding. | Houses let in lodgings. | Common lodging houses. | Cleansing of persons and rooms. | Water supplj | Milk-shops. | Ice cream premises. | Other food places. | ||||||||||||||||
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Sanitary Authority. | No. licensed. | No. of inspections. | No. licensed. | No. of inspections. | No. licensed. | No. of inspections. | Observations. | Complaints. | Notices. | No. illegally occupied. | No. closed or otherwise remedied. | Instances found. | No. remedied. | No. on register. | No. of inspections. | Prosecutions. | Houses licensed. | Authorised lodgers. | Adults. | Children. | Premises or rooms. | Tenement houses extra supply. | No. on register. | No. of inspections, j | No. on register. | No. of inspections. | No. of places. | No. of inspections. |
1 Borough and dispensary. | 2 Under observation on 1-1-1925 pending diagnosis. | 3 Examined for first time during 1925, including contacts. | 4 Number of contacts included in (3). | 5 Number included under (2) and (3) suffering from | 6 Number included under (2) and (3) found to be non-tuberculous. | 7 Under observation on 31st December. 1925. pending diagnosis or ceased attendance bef re comp etion of d agnosis. | 8 Total attendances. | 9 Visits to homes by | 10 Home consul tations. | 11 Number referred to affiliated hospital. | 12 No. of specimens of sputum examined | |||||||||
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(a) Pulmonary. | (i) Non-pulmonary. | |||||||||||||||||||
Adults. | Children. | Adults. | Children. | Adults. | Children. | Adults. | Child ren. | Adults. | Children. | Adults. | Children. | Adults. | Children. | (a) Tuberculosis officer. | (b)Dispen sa0ry nurse. |
Good. | Boys. Average. | Poor. | Good. | Girls. Average. | Poor. | |
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1. | 2. | 3. | 1. | 2. | 3. |
Boys. | Girls. | |||||||||||
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Clean. | Head Nits. | Vermin. | Clean. | Body Dirty. | Vermin. | Clean. | Head Nits. | Vermin. | Clean. | Body Dirty. | Vermin | |
1. | 2. | 3. | 1. | 2. | 3. | 1. | 2. | 3. | 1. | 2. | 3. |
Bovs. | Girls. | ||||
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Sound. | Slight caries. | Severe caries. | Sound. | Slight caries. Severe caries. |
Boys. | Girls. | |||||||
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1913. | 1915. | 1920. | 1925. | 1913. | 1915. | 1920. | 1925. |
1913. | 1915. | 1917. | 1919. | |||||||||
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1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Entrants. | 8-year old. | 12-year old. | |||||
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No. | Per cent. | No. | Per cent. | No. | Per cent. |
Entrants. | 8-vear old. | 12-year old. | |||||
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Tonsils and adenoids. | Per cent, referred for treatment. | Tonsils and adenoids. | Per cent, referred for treatment. | Tonsils and adenoids. | Per cent, referred for treatment. |
Disease. | Diphtheria. | Scarlet fever. | Measles and German measles. | Whooping cough. | Chicken pox. | Mumps. | Scabies. | Ophthalmia. | King-worm. |
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Division. | Spring term. | Summer term. | Autumn and winter terms. | Total (depts.). | Total (schools). | No. of children inspected. |
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l. Year. | 2. Total admissions to 1 M.A.B. hospitals. | 3. No. of bacteriological and negative* cases. | 4. No. of cases of mistaken diagnosis. | 5. Percentage ot cols. 3 and 4 to total admissions. |
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Period of absence from school. | 1920. | 1924. | 1925. | ||||
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Carrier cases. | Approx. per cent. | Carrier cases. | Approx. per cent. | Carrier cases. | Approx. per cent. |
Disease. | Average number of cases annually (1906-1919). | No. of cases occurring in each year of epidemic period. | Average number of cases annually (1923-1925). | ||
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1920. | 1921. | 1922. |
Year. | No. of cases reported among elementary school children. | Year. | No. of cases reported among elementary school children. | ||||
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Measles and German measles. | Scarlet fever. | Diphtheria. | Measles and German measles. | Scarlet fever. | Diphtheria. |
1925. | 1926. | Total. | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Oct. (4 weeks). | Nov. (4 weeks). | Dec. (3½weeks). | Jan. (3 weeks). | Feb. (4 weeks). | Mar. (4 weeks). |
November. | December. | January. | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Week ending— | 7 th. | 14th. | 21st. | 28th. | 5th. | 12th. | 19th. | 26th. | 2nd. | 9th. | 16th. | 23rd. | 30th. |
Quinquennium. | Measles. | Whooping cough. | ||
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No. of cases among school children. | No. of deaths (all persons). | No. of cases (school children). | No. of deaths (all persons). |
Year of birth. | Deaths per 1,000 hom, up to 5th year of ace. | |
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Measles. | Whooping cough. |
Year. | Measles: place of death. | |||||
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M.A.B. hospitals. | Poor Law institutions. | Elsewhere. | Total. | M.A.B. and Poor Law. | ||
Number. | Per cent. of total. |
Year. | Whooping cough: place of death. | |||||
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M.A.B. hospitals. | Poor Law institution. | Elsewhere. | Total. | M.A.B. and Poor Law. | ||
N umber of deaths. | Per cent. of total. |
Year. | Total notified cases. | Number of these of school age (3-14). | Year. | Total notified cases. | Number of these of school age (3-14). |
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Ages. | —5. | 5—15. | 15—25. | 25—35. | 35—45. | 45—55. | Over 55. | Total. |
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Age groups. | 1 | 5-15. | 15-25. | 25-35. | 35-45. | j 45-55. | Over 55. | Total. |
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Age and sex. | 0—. | 5—. | 10-15. | Total. |
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Class of ailment and number seen. | Treated by doctor. | Treated under Council's scheme. | Treated at hospitals not in Council's scheme. | Not treated, but recovered. | Not treated. Improved. For observation | Not treated. Still needing treatment. | |||
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Cured. | Not cured. | Cured. | Not cured. | Cured. | Not cured. |
Year. | No. of children inspected by dentist. | No. found by dentist, to require treatment. | Percentage found to require treatment,. | No. treated at the Council's centres. |
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Number referred for treatment. | Number treated. |
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Complaint. | Children. | Percentage of total. |
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Suppurating ears — | Patients. | Ears. |
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Purely deaf children — | Patients. | Ears. |
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Causes of suppuration. | Total cases. | Cured. | Lapsed. | Sent to hospital. | Still under treatment. |
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Patients. | Ears. |
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1922. | 1923. | 1924. | 1925. |
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Boys. | Girls. | Total. |
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0-5 | 5-15 | 15-25 |
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Education District. | No. of cases. | No. of children of school age | Per 1,000 |
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Defects. | No. | Discharged cured. | Continuing. | Left. | |
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Improved. | No change. |
Council's parks and open spaces. | Sites under control of Education Committee. | Royal parks, Borough Councils' sites, etc. | Total number of hours' play each week. |
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Year. | Examinations at rota visits. | Verminous conditions noted at rota visits. | Per cent. | Verminous children referred to centres. | Subsequently cleansed by parents. | Verminous children cleansed at centres. | Scabies cases bathed at centres. |
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Morbid condition. | Boys. | Girls. | Total. |
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1919. | 1920. | 1921. | 1922. | 1923. | 1924. | 1925. |
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Defeet. | Venereal disease a reasonably certain antecedent. | Venereal disease a possible antecedent- | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Congenital syphilis. | Ophthalmia neonatorum. | Congenital syphilis. | Ophthalmia neonatorum. | |||||
Boys. | Girls. | Boys. | Girls. | Boys. | Girls. | Boys. | Girls. |
Boys. | Girls. | Total. |
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Mental age. | Chronological age. | Total. | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
Place in family. | No. of children in family. | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
Father's age. | 18 to 20 | 21 to 23 | 24 to 26 | 27 to 29 | 30 to 32 | 33 to 35 | 36 to 38 | 39 to 41 | 42 to 44 | 45 to 47 | 48 to 50 | Over 50 | Total |
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Numbers. | |||
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Morbid condition. | Boys. | Girls. | Total. |
Male. | Female. | Total. |
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Robust (Nutrition I.) | Delicate (Nutrition III.). | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fine. | Pernio. | Oily. | Dry. | Fine. | Pernio. | Oily. | Dry. |
Nutrition I. | Nutrition III. |
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Age group. | Boys. | Girls. | Total. | | Boys. | Girls. | Total. |
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Disease or defect. | Routine inspections. | Special inspections. | ||||
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Defects. | Defects. | |||||
Requiring treatment. | Requiring observation. | Requiring treatment. | Requiring observation only. | |||
E.S. | SS. | E.S. | S.S. |
Disease or defect. | Routine inspections. | Special inspections. | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Defects. | Defects. | |||||
Requiring treatment. | Requiring observation. | Requiring treatment. | Requiring observation only. | |||
e.s. | s.s . | e.s. | s.s. |
Age group. | Inspected. | Found to require treatment. | Percentage requiring treatment. |
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Blind (including partially blind)— | Boys. | Girls. | T otal. |
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Deaf—continued. | Boys. | Girls. | Total. |
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Disease or defect. | Defects treated or under treatment. | ||
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Under Council's scheme. | Otherwise. | Total. |
Defect or disease. | Defects dealt with. | ||
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Under Council's scheme. | Otherwise. | Total. |
Received operative treatment. | Received other forms of treatment. | Total number treated. | ||
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Under Council's scheme. | Private practitioner or hospital. | Total. |
Year. | Infants removed from foster mothers. | Exemptions. | Deaths. | Infringements discovered. | Cautions. | Prosecutions. | Convictions. |
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Year. | Houses licensed. | Lodgers authorised. | Prosecutions. | Convictions. | Penalties and costs. | Cases of infectious disease. |
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Year. | Houses licensed. | Lodgers authorised. | Prosecutions. | Convictions. | Penalties and costs. | Cases of infectious disease. |
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Year. | Slaughterhouses. | Knackers' yards. | Offensive businesses. |
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Sewage treated— | Million gallons. |
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£ |
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Dwellings— | 1925-26. | 1924-25. | ||||||
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Housing Act, 1925— | £ | s. | d. | £ | s. | d. |
Surpluses transferred—- | £ | 8. | d. |
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1925-26. | 1924-25. | |||||
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Schemes undertaken by the Council— | £ | s. | d. | £ | s. | d. |
£ | s. | d. |
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(a) Exchequer subsidy and (b) special contributions by metropolitan borough councils. | Transfers to or from Rate, etc. Accounts. | (a) Carried for- ward or (b) disposed of by internal transfers. | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Special County Account. | General County Account. | Other Accounts. | |||||||||||||
£ | s. | d. | £ | s. | d. | £ | s. | d. | £ | s. | d. | £ | s. | d. |
Non-assisted schemes. | Assisted (1919) scheme. | Assisted (1923) scheme. | Assisted (1924) scheme. | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
£ | s. | d. | £ | s. | d. | £ | s. | d. | £ | 8. | d. |