[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Wandsworth District, The Board of Works (Clapham, Putney, Streatham, Tooting & Wandsworth)]

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Birth-rates, Death-rates, and rates of Natural-Increase in the entire district during the eleven years 1871-81.

Years.	Births.	Birth-rate per 1000.	Deaths.	Death-rate per 1000.	Natural Increase.	Rate of Natural Increase per 1000.

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The death-rates of the several sub-districts are exhibited in the subjoined table, together with the density of population and the relative number of the industrial to the other classes which each possesses:—

SUB-DISTRICTS.	Population in the middle of 1881	Per-centage of Total Population	Deaths	Death-rate per 1000	* Death-rate per 1000, Excluding Non-Parish-ioners who have Died in Public Institutions.	Density of Population— No. of Persons to Acre	Relative Number of Industrial and Other Classes.
SUB-DISTRICTS.	Population in the middle of 1881	Per-centage of Total Population	Deaths	Death-rate per 1000		Density of Population— No. of Persons to Acre	Industrl. Classes	Per Cent.	Other Classes	Per Cent.

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The relative amount of epidemic mortality in the several sub-districts is shown in the following table.

SUB-DISTRICTS.	No. of Deaths from Epidemic Diseases per 1000 of the Estimated population	Ratio of Deaths from Epidemic Disease to every 100 of the total deaths.

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Vaccination.— Return made February 7th, 1882, by the Vaccination Officers respecting the vaccination of children whose births were registered in the entire district, from 1st of January to December 31st, 1880, inclusive—

SUB-DISTRICTS.	Number of Births Returned from 1st January to 31st December, 1880.	Successfully Vaccinated.	Insusceptible of 1 Vaccination.	Had Small Pox.	Dead, Unvaccinated.	Postponed by Medical Certificate	Removed to Districts, Vaccination Officer of which ha9 been duly apprised.	Removed to places unknown, or which cannot be reached; and cases not having been found.

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Senile mortality.— 20.5 per cent. of all deaths occurred to persons at and above the age of 60 years, and 19.8 per cent. during the year 1880. The deaths classed as to age for the ten years 1871-80 are compared with those of the past year in the subjoined table:—

YEARS.	AGE.
YEARS.	Under 1 year	From 1 to 5 years	From 5 to 10 years	All under 20 years	From 20 to 40 years	From 40 to 60 years	From 60 to 80 years	80 years & upwards

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In quests.— Violent and Accidental Deaths. — The unusually large number of ]93 inquests were held during the year, the results of which are tabulated as follows:—

VERDICTS.	SUB-DISTRICTS.
	Battersea.		Clapham.	Putney.	Streatham.	Wandsworth.	Total.
	East.	West.	Clapham.	Putney.	Streatham.	Wandsworth.	Total.

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STATISTICS OF MORTALITY.

BATTERSEA EAST.		Total Deaths from each Class of Disease, &c., in the Sub-District.	Sex.		Age.									Social Position.
BATTERSEA EAST.			Males.	Females.	Under 1 year.	From 1 to 5 years.	From 5 to 10 years. 1	From 10 to 20 years.	All under 20 years.	At 20 and under 40 years of age.	At 40 and under 60 years of age.	At 60 and under 80 years of age.	80 years and upwards.	Nobility and Gentry.	Professional Class, Merchants, Bankers, &c.	Middle and Trading Class, 8hopmen, Clerks, &c.	Industrial and Laboring Classes.
Official mean Population, June, 1880 54,285 1881 67,154 Area in Acres, 1,235.

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Zymotic or Epidemic diseases. — The deaths from diseases of this, the so-called preventible class, decreased during the year under report. For purposes of comparison the table given below will be found useful.

		1881	1880	1879	1878	1877

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Return of Houses infected with Small Pox, with date of disinfection in Eastern Battersea, during the Year ending December 31, 1881.

Address.	1st Time disinfctd.	2nd Do.	3rd Do.	4th Do.	Remarks.

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Address.	1st Time disinfctd.	2nd Do.	3rd Do.	4th Do.	Remarks.

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Address.	1st Time disinfctd.	2nd Do.	3rd Do.	4th Do.	Remakes.

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Address.	1st Time disinfctd.	2nd Do.	3rd Do.	4th Do.	Remarks.

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Return of Houses in which Infectious Fevers, other than Small Pox, occurred, with date of disinfection, in Eastern Battersea, during the Year ending December 31,1881 .

Address.	1st Time disinfctd.	2nd Do.	3rd Do	4th Do.	remarks.

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Continued from previous page

Address.	1st Time disinfetd.	2nd Do.	3rd Do.	4th Do.	Remarks.

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STATISTICS OF MORTALITY.

BATTERSEA WEST. Official mean population, June, 1880— 52 weeks) 48,981. 1881 51,394 Area 1108 acres		Total Deaths from each Class of Disease &c., in the Sub-District.	Sex.		Age.									Social Position.
			Males.	Females.	Under 1 year.	From 1 to 5 years.	From 5 to 10 years.	From 10 to 20 years.	All under 20 years.	At 20, and under 40 years.	At 40, and under 60 years.	At 60, and under 80 years.	80 years and upwards.	Nobility and Gentry.	Professional Class, Merchants, Bankers, &c.	Middle and Trading Class, Shopman, Clerks, &c.	Industrial and Labouring Classes.

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The following table contrasts all deaths from Zymotic causes during the past 10 years

	1872	1873	1874	1875	1876	1S77	1878	1879	1880	1881

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The following Table contrasts all deaths from non-Zymotic causes during the past ten years.

	1872	1873	1874	1875	1876	1877	1878	1879	1880	1881

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Showing also recurring cases.

Address.	1st Time disinfetd.	2nd Do.	3rd Do.	Remakes.

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Continued from previous page...

Address.	1stTime disinfetd.	2nd Do.	3rd Do.	Remarks.

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Houses in which Infectious Fevers, other than Small Pox, occurred, with date of disinfection, during the Year 1881.

Address.	1st Time disinfetd.	2nd Do.	3rd Do.

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Continued from previous page...

Address.	1st Time disinfetd.	2nd Do.	3rd Do.

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STATISTICS OF MORTALITY.

STREATHAM.	Sex.		Age.								Social Position.
INCLUDING TOOTING & BALHAM.	Males.	Females.	Under 1 year.	From 1 to 5 years.	From 5 to 10 years.	Under 20 years, including all under 10 years.	At 20 and under 40 years of age.	At 40 and under 60 years of age.	At 60 and under 80 years of age.	80 years and upwards.	Nobility and Gentry.	Professional Class, Merchants, Bankers, &c.	Middle & Trading Class, Shopmen, Clerks, &c.	Industrial and Laboring Classes.
Population in 1871—14,475. Population middle of 1881-25,830.
Area in Statute Acres-3165.
DISEASES.
And other Causes of Death.

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The following Table contrasts all the deaths which resulted from the seven principal epidemic diseases during the past and eight preceding years:—

DISEASE.		1873	1874	1875	1876	1877	1878	1879	1880	1881

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The following Table contrasts all deaths from nonZymotic diseases during the past eight years:—

Years	1874	1875	1876	1877	1878	1879	1880	1881

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Social Position. —The following Table gives the per-centage of deaths in the various classes during the year.

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Inquests, Violent Deaths, Sfc. —Thirteen inquests were held with the following results:—

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STATISTICS OF MORTALITY.

WANDSWORTH.	Sex.		Age.								Social Position.
Population in 1871—19,783. Population in 1881—28,005.	Males.	Females.	Under 1 year.	From 1 to 5 years.	From 5 to 10 years.	Under 20 years, including all under 10 years.	At 20, and under 40 years j of age.	At 40, and under 60 years of age.	At 60, and under 80 years of age.	80 years and upwards.	Nobility and Gentry.	Professional Class, Merchants, Bankers, &c.	Middle & Trading Class, Shopmen, Clerks, &o.	Industrial and Laboring Classes.
Official Population in middle of 1881—28,210.
Area in Acres—2,478.
DISEASES,
And other causes of Death.
Diseases Classified.

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Epidemic Diseases—their prevalence and fatality.— The following table shows the deaths which have resulted from the seven principal Epidemic Diseases during the past and ten preceding years, and the relation which they bore to the deaths from all causes:—

Years.	Small Pox.	Measles.	Scarlet Fever.	Diphtheria.	Whooping Cough	Cholera.	Diarrhœa	Fevor—Typhus and Typhoid.	Total Deaths from Epidemics.	Total Deaths from all causes.	Per centage of deaths from Epidemics to deaths from all causes.

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The months in which the deaths from these diseases occurred, and the mean temperature of each quarter are shown in the following table.

DISEASE.	January	February	March	April	May	June	July	August	September	October	November	December
	Mean Temp.			Mean Temp.			Mean Temp.			Mean Temp.
	37.3			52.9			60.0			44.6

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There were 43 inquests held during the year the verdicts of which are enumerated in the following tabular form, viz.:—

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TABLE I. Births and Deaths registered during the year 1881.

SUB-DISTRICTS.		Males.	Females.	Total.

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DEATHS.

SUB-DISTRICTS.		Males.	Females.	Total.

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TABLE II. Summary of Deaths and their Causes registered in the entire District during 1881, classified according to Sex, Age, and Social Position, and showing also the relative Numbers in each Sub-District.

POPULATION OF ENTIRE DISTRICT,	Sub-Districts.					Sex.		Age.								Social Position.
POPULATION OF ENTIRE DISTRICT,	Battersea—Population 108,548, area in acres, 2,343.	Clapham — Population 36,600, area in acres, 1,233.	Putney—Population 13,312, area iu acres, 2,176.	Streatham, Tooting and Balham—Popular tion 25,830. area in acres, 3.465.	Wandsworth— Population 28,202, area in acres, 2,478.	Males.	Females.	Under 1 year.	From 1 to 5 years.	From 5 to 10 years.	Under 20 years, including all under 10 years.	At 20 and under 40 years of age.	At 40, and under 60 years of age.	At 60, and under 80 years of age.	80 years and upwards.	Nobility and Gentry.	I Professional Class, Merchants, Bankers, &c.	Middle and Trading Class, Shopmen, Clerks, &c.	Industrial and Labouring Classes.
As corrected by the Registrar General.
Census 1881. 210,434.
Official Population for middle of' year, 1881. 212,492.
Area in Statute Acres, 11,740.
Density 18 persons to an Acre.
DISEASES, And other Causes of Death.

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TABLE III. Showing tlie total number of deaths and their causes registered in the entire District, during the eleven years 1871-81, with the relative numbers of each class of disease.

DISEASES, And other causes of Death		1871	1872	1873	1874	1875	1876	1877	1878	1879	1880	1881

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TABLE IV. Showing the total Deaths from the seven principal Epidemic Diseases registered in each Sub- District, and in the entire District, and the relation which they bore to the total Mortality in the several years 1871-81.

Years.		Deaths erom the seven principal Epidemics in each Sub-District.					Entire District.
Years.		Battersea.	Clapham.	Putney.	Streatham.	Wandsworth.	Total Deaths from the Seven Epidemics.	Total Deaths Registered from all causes.	Percentage of Deaths from the Seven Epidemics to Total Deaths.

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TABLE V. Cases of Sickness amongst the Poor under the treatment of the Union Medical Officers, with the Deaths from each class of Disease, during the year ended 31st December, 1881. Compiled from the District Medical Relief Books.

SUB-DISTRICTS.		Total Cases of Sickness treated in each Sub-District.	1—Small Pox.		2—Measles.		3—Scarlatina and Diphtheria		4—Whooping Cough.		5—Diarrhœa and Dysentery.		6—Cholera.		7—Fever.		8—Erysipelas.		9—Puerperal Fever.		10—Lung Diseases, except Phthisis.		11—Phthisis.		12—Hydrocephalus, Atrophy, Scrofula, and Convulsions of Children.		13—Other Diseases.		14—Violence, Privation, and Premature Birth.		Total Deaths in each Sub-District.
SUB-DISTRICTS.		Total Cases of Sickness treated in each Sub-District.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Total Deaths in each Sub-District.

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TABLE VI. Summary of the Sanitary Operations in the entire District during the year 1881.

	Battersea.	Clapham.	Putney and Roehampton.	Streatham, including Tooting and Balham.	Wandsworth.	Totals.

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TABLE VII. METEOROLOGICAL TABLE EOR LONDON, 1881. (Deduced from Observations at Greenwich, under the Superintendence of the Astronomer Royal, and compiled from Quarterly Tables, furnished to the Registrar General by James Glaisher, Esq., F.R.S.)

Winter . . Jan., Feb., March. Spring . . April, May, June. Summer . . July, Aug., Sept. Autumn . . Oct., Nov., Deo.	Temperature of									Elastic Force of Vapour.		Weight of Vapour in a Cubic Foot of Air.		Degree of Humidity.		Reading of Barometer.		Weight of a Cubic Foot of Air.		Rain.		Reading of Thermometer on Grass.
	Air.			Evaporation.		Dew Point.		AirDaily flange.		Elastic Force of Vapour.		Weight of Vapour in a Cubic Foot of Air.		Degree of Humidity.		Reading of Barometer.		Weight of a Cubic Foot of Air.		Rain.		Number of Nights it was			Lowest Reading at Night.	Highest Reading at Night.
	Mean.	Diff. from Average of 110 years.	Diff. from Average of 40 years.	Mean.	Diff. from Average of 40 years.	Mean.	Diff. from Average of 40 years.	Mean.	Diff. from Average of 40 years.	Mean.	Diff. from Average of 40 years.	Mean.	Diff. from Average of 40 years.	Mean (Sat.=100).	Diff. from Average of 40 years.	Mean.	Diff. from Average of 40 years.	Mean.	Diff. from Average of 40 years.	Mean.	Diff. from Average of 40 years.	At or below 30°.	Between 30° and 40°.	Above 40°.	Lowest Reading at Night.	Highest Reading at Night.

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Wandsworth 1881

38 tables in this report

Birth-rates, Death-rates, and rates of Natural-Increase in the entire district during the eleven years 1871-81.

The death-rates of the several sub-districts are exhibited in the subjoined table, together with the density of population and the relative number of the industrial to the other classes which each possesses:—

The relative amount of epidemic mortality in the several sub-districts is shown in the following table.

Vaccination.— Return made February 7th, 1882, by the Vaccination Officers respecting the vaccination of children whose births were registered in the entire district, from 1st of January to December 31st, 1880, inclusive—

Senile mortality.— 20.5 per cent. of all deaths occurred to persons at and above the age of 60 years, and 19.8 per cent. during the year 1880. The deaths classed as to age for the ten years 1871-80 are compared with those of the past year in the subjoined table:—

In quests.— Violent and Accidental Deaths. — The unusually large number of ]93 inquests were held during the year, the results of which are tabulated as follows:—

STATISTICS OF MORTALITY.

Zymotic or Epidemic diseases. — The deaths from diseases of this, the so-called preventible class, decreased during the year under report. For purposes of comparison the table given below will be found useful.

Return of Houses infected with Small Pox, with date of disinfection in Eastern Battersea, during the Year ending December 31, 1881.

Continued from previous page...

Continued from previous page...

Continued from previous page...

Return of Houses in which Infectious Fevers, other than Small Pox, occurred, with date of disinfection, in Eastern Battersea, during the Year ending December 31,1881 .

Continued from previous page

STATISTICS OF MORTALITY.

The following table contrasts all deaths from Zymotic causes during the past 10 years

The following Table contrasts all deaths from non-Zymotic causes during the past ten years.

Showing also recurring cases.

Continued from previous page...

Houses in which Infectious Fevers, other than Small Pox, occurred, with date of disinfection, during the Year 1881.

Continued from previous page...

STATISTICS OF MORTALITY.

The following Table contrasts all the deaths which resulted from the seven principal epidemic diseases during the past and eight preceding years:—

The following Table contrasts all deaths from nonZymotic diseases during the past eight years:—

Social Position. —The following Table gives the per-centage of deaths in the various classes during the year.

Inquests, Violent Deaths, Sfc. —Thirteen inquests were held with the following results:—

STATISTICS OF MORTALITY.

Epidemic Diseases—their prevalence and fatality.— The following table shows the deaths which have resulted from the seven principal Epidemic Diseases during the past and ten preceding years, and the relation which they bore to the deaths from all causes:—

The months in which the deaths from these diseases occurred, and the mean temperature of each quarter are shown in the following table.

There were 43 inquests held during the year the verdicts of which are enumerated in the following tabular form, viz.:—

TABLE I. Births and Deaths registered during the year 1881.

DEATHS.

TABLE II. Summary of Deaths and their Causes registered in the entire District during 1881, classified according to Sex, Age, and Social Position, and showing also the relative Numbers in each Sub-District.

TABLE III. Showing tlie total number of deaths and their causes registered in the entire District, during the eleven years 1871-81, with the relative numbers of each class of disease.

TABLE IV. Showing the total Deaths from the seven principal Epidemic Diseases registered in each Sub- District, and in the entire District, and the relation which they bore to the total Mortality in the several years 1871-81.

TABLE V. Cases of Sickness amongst the Poor under the treatment of the Union Medical Officers, with the Deaths from each class of Disease, during the year ended 31st December, 1881. Compiled from the District Medical Relief Books.

TABLE VI. Summary of the Sanitary Operations in the entire District during the year 1881.

TABLE VII. METEOROLOGICAL TABLE EOR LONDON, 1881. (Deduced from Observations at Greenwich, under the Superintendence of the Astronomer Royal, and compiled from Quarterly Tables, furnished to the Registrar General by James Glaisher, Esq., F.R.S.)