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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

City of Westminster 1915

[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Westminster, City of]

Published
1916
Author
Allan, Francis J.
Pages
70
Tables
83

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83 tables in this report

  • Page 3
    Births.
    Registered.Births Notified.
    InWestminster.Belongelsewhere.Born out of Westminster.Nett.Total.Alive.Stillborn.Notified by
    Doctor.Midwife.
  • Page 3
    The following table shows the distribution of births (including infants born in institutions outside the City) according to wards :—
    1914.1915.1914.1915.
  • Page 3
    Ihe subjoined table shows that the births ot legitimate children were considerably less, while there was an increase among the illegitimate.
    Westminster.1908.1909.1910.1911.1912.1913.1914.1915.
  • Page 4
    The death-rate of boys is much greater than that of girls, but with the greater proportion of boys born in the last two years the number of boys alive at the end of the first year was still in excess of the girls:—
    Number Born.Number of Deaths under 1 year.Number remaining at end of year.
    Boys.Girls.Boys.G iris.Boys.Girls.
  • Page 4
    The death-rates per 1,000 births were:—
    Boys.Girls.Boys.Girls.Boys.Girls.
  • Page 5
    Infant medical inspections were conducted at three centres as follows:—
    Health Centre.New Cases (under 1—over 1).Ke-inspections (under 1—over 1).Total Attendances (under 1—over 1).
  • Page 5
    Ages at Death.—The distribution in age-groups for the last four years is shown below:—
    All ages.Under 1.1-2.2—5.5—15.15—25.25—45.45—6565 and upwards
  • Page 6
    Deaths of males and females numbered:—
    Males.Females.Deducting Deaths under 1 year.
    Males.Females.
  • Page 6
    Below are given figures for both births and deaths of infants corrected, distinguishing legitimate and illegitimate births, showing the true rate in eash of the last fourteen years:—
    Year.Legitimate.Illegitimate.Total Rate.
    Births.Deaths.Death-rate per 1,000 births.Births.Deaths.Death-rate per 1,000 bitths.
  • Page 7
    Statistics of Dwellers in Block Dwellings.—These are set out in Table VI. A comparison of the births and deaths in the Council's Buildings in Regency Street during the last 10 years is given below.
    Year.Population.Births.Rate.Deaths at all ages.Rate.Deaths of Infants under one per 1,000 births.
  • Page 8
    Table I.—Causes of, and Ages at, Death du/ring the year ended, 1st January, 1916.
    Causes of Death.Corrected Deaths in the City at subjoined Ages.Deaths in Wards (at all Ages).
    All ages.Under 1.1 and under 2.2 and under 5.5 and under 15.15 and under 25.25 and under 45.45 and under 65.65 and upwards.Conduit.Grosvenor.Hamlet of Knightsbridge.Knightsbridge St. George.Victoria.St. Margaret.St John.St. Anne.Great Marlborough.Pall Mall.Regent.Charing Cross.Covent Garden.Strand.Homeless.
  • Page 9
    Continued from previous page...
  • Page 10
    Table II.— Vital Statistics of Whole Districts during 1915 and previous years. City of Westminster.
    12345678910111213
    Year.Population Estimated to Middle of each Year.Births.Total Deaths Registered in the District.Transferable Deaths†Nett Deaths belonging to the District.
    Number (Un-corrected).Nett.Of Non-Residents Registered in the District.Of Residents not Registered in the District.Under 1 Year of Age.At all Ages.
    NumberRate.Number.*Rate.Number.*Rate per 1,000 Nett Births.Number.*Rate.
  • Page 11
    Table II—continued.
    I. 'Institutions within the District receiving Sick and Infirm Persons from outside the District. (Total Number of Deaths in brackets.)II. Inst itutions outside the District receiving Sick and Infirm Persons from the District.II—.continued. Institutions outside the District receiving Sick and Infirm Persons from the District.
  • Page 12
    Table II—continued
    III Other Institutions, the Deaths in which have been distributed among the several wards in the City.III—continued. Other Institutions, the Deaths in which have been distributed among the several wards in the City.III—continued. Other Institutions, the Deaths in which have been distributed among the several wards in the City.
  • Page 13
    Table III.— Vital Statistics of Separate Localities, 1905-1915.
    Names of Localities1. The City of Westminster.2. St. George's, comprising Conduit, Grosvenor, Victoria, and Knightsbridge St. George Wards.3. Westminster, comprising St. Margaret, St. John, and the Ilamlet of Knightsbridge Wards.4. St. James, comprising llegent, Marlborough, Pall Mall and St. Anne's Wards.5. Strand, comprising Covent Garden, Strand, and Char ing Cross Wards.
    Year.Population estimated to middle of each year.Births registered (uncorrected).Deal lis at all ages (corrected;.Deaths under 1 year.Population estimated to middle of each year.Births registered (uncorrected).Deaths at all ages (corrected).Deaths under 1 year.Population estimated j to middle of each year.Births registered (uncorrected).Deaths at all ages (corrected).Deaths under 1 year.Population estimated to middle of each year.Births registered (uncorrected).Deaths at all ages (corrected).Deaths under 1 year, iPopulation estimated to middle of each year.Births registered (uncorrected).Deaths at all ages (corrected).Deaths under 1 year.
  • Page 14
    Table 111, continued.— Vital Statistic1 of Separate Localities, 1905-1915.—Rates.
    Localities1. City of Westminster.2. St. George's.3. Westminster.4. St. James.5. Strand.
    Year.Births Registered (uncorrected). Rate per 1,000.Deaths at all Ages (corrected). Rate per 1,000.Deaths under 1 Year. Rate per 1,000 Births (uncorrected).Births Registered (uncorrected). Rate per 1,000.Deaths at all Ages(corrected). Rate per 1,000.Deaths under 1 Year. Rate per 1,000 Births uncorrected).Births Registered (uncorrected). Rate per 1,000.Deaths at all Ages (corrected). Rate per 1,000.Deaths under 1 Year. Rate per 1,000 Births (uncorrected).Births Registered (uncorrected). Rate per 1,000.Deaths at all Ages (corrected). Rate per 1,000.Deaths under 1 Year. Rate per 1,000 Births (uncorrected).Births Registered (uncorrected). Rate per 1.000.Deaths at all Ages (corrected). Rate per 1,000.Deaths under 1 Year. Rate per 1,000 Births (uncorrected).
  • Page 15
    Tabi.e IV.—Deaths of Citizens during the Year ending 1st January, 1916, showing Locality at Time of Death.
    WardsLocality at Time of Death.Total Deaths (Nett).
    At Home.Workhouses and Infirmaries.General and Special Hospitals.Fever Hospitals.Lunatic Asylums.Elsewhere.
    Males.Females.Total.Males.Females.Total.Males.Females.Total.Males.Females.Total.Males.Females.Total.Males.Females.,Total.Males.Females.Total.
  • Page 16
    Table V.—Infant Mortality, 1915. Nett deaths from stated causes at various ages under One Year of Age in the City of Westminster.
    CAUSES OF DEATH.Under 0 Week.1 —2 Weeks.2—3 Weeks.3—4 Weeks.Total under 4 Weeks.4 Weeks and under 3 Months.3 Months and under 6 Months.6 Months and under 9 Months.0 Months and under 12 Months.Total Deaths under 1 Year.
  • Page 16
    Nett Births in the year—
  • Page 16
    Nett Deaths in the year of—
  • Page 17
    Table V, continued.—Infant Mortality, 1915. Nett Deaths from stated, causes at various ages under One Year of Age in St. John and St. Margaret Wards.
    CAUSES OP DEATH.Under 1 Week.1—2 Weeks.2—3 Weeks.3—4 Weeks.Total under 4 Weeks.4 Weeks and under 3 Months.3 Months and under 6 Months.6 Months and under 9 Months.9 Months and under 12 Months.Total Deaths under 1 Year.
  • Page 17
    Nett Births in the year—
  • Page 17
    Nett Deaths in the year of—
  • Page 18
    Table V. continued.- Infants Mortality, 1915. Nett deaths from stated causes at various ages under One Year of Age in Victoria Ward.
    CAUSES OF DEATH.Under 1 Week.1—2 Weeks.2—3 Weeks.3—4 Weeks.Total under 4 weeks.1 Weeks and under 3 Months.3 Months and under 6 Months.6 Months and under 9 Months.9 Months and under 12 Months.Total Deaths under One Year.
  • Page 19
    Table V, continued.—Infant Mortality, 1915. Nett Deaths from stated causes at various ages under One Year of Age in the other Wards, including those whose address was unknown.
    CAUSE OF DEATH.Under 1 Week1—2 Weeks.2—3 Weeks.3—4 Weeks.Total under 4 Weeks.1 Weeks and under 3 Months.3 Months and under 5 Months.6 Months and under 9 Mouths.9 Months and under 12 Months.Total Deaths under 1 Year.
  • Page 19
    Nett Births in the year—
  • Page 20
    Table VI.— Vital Statistics relating to Residents in Blocks of dwellings in the City of Westminster, 1915.
    Buildings.Topulation.Births.Total Deaths.Infectious Deaths.Tubercular Deaths.Respiratory.Digestive.Circulatory Diseases.Nervous Diseases.Kidney Diseases.Violence.Cancer.Developmental Diseases.Other Deaths.Deaths Under 1.Deaths Over 65.
  • Page 21
    The rates per 1,000 population were:—
    Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria.Enteric Fever.Puerperal Fever.Erysipelas.
  • Page 21
    Vaccination.—The Vaccination Officers have supplied me with the following particulars relating to vaccination of infants born in 1914:— Vaccination Statistics.
    1914. City of Westminster Union.BirthsDied Unvaccinated.Successfully Vaccinated.Insusceptible.Vaccination Postponed.Conscientious Objectors.Removed and Vaccination Officer Informed.Not Found. Removed to Address Unknown.
  • Page 22
    City of Westminster. Table VII.—Local Government Board Table C.— Cases of Infectious Disease Notified'during the 52 weeks from 4th January, 1915, to 1st January, 1916.
    Notifiable Diseases.Cases Notified in the City of Westminster.Total Cases Notified in each Ward.Cases removed to Hospital.
    At all AgesAt Ages—Years.Conduit.Grosvenor.Kniglrtsbridge St. George.Victoria.St. Margaret.St. John.Hamlet of Knightsbridge.Pall Mall.Regent.Great Marlborough.Charing Cross.Covent Garden.Strand.St. Anne.
    0 to 1.1 to 5.5 to 15.15 to 25.25 to 45.45 to 65.65 and upwards.
  • Page 24
    Table VIII.—Infectious Diseases Notified, 1902-1915, in London.
    Year.Smallpox.Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria and Croup.Enteric-Fever.Typhus Fever.Other Continued Fevers.Puerperal Fever.Erysipelas.Cholera.Relapsing Fever.
  • Page 24
    There were also notified cases of—
    London.Westminster.London.Westminster.
  • Page 25
    The following table shows the number of new cases in each of the last 7 years:—
    PuimonaryOther form
    General.Casuals.Total.
  • Page 25
    The notifications of new cases calculated as rates per 1,000 of population were:—
    Pulmonary.Non-Pulmonary.
    1912.1913.1914.1915.1913.1914.1915.
  • Page 25
    The following are are the totals for 1911-15:-
    Pulmonary.Total.Other Forms.Total.
    Notified.Unnotified.Notified.Unnotified.
  • Page 26
    Public Health (Tuberculosis) Regulations.—Notifications.
    1915.Number of notifications on Form A.
    Primary notifications.Total notifications, on Form A, including cases previously notified.
    Age periods.0 to 1.1 to 5.5 to 10.10 to 15.13 to 20.20 to 25.25 to 35.35 to 45.45 to 55.56 to 85.65 and up.Total new cases.
  • Page 26
    Public Health (Tuberculosis) Regulations.—Notifications.
    Number of notifications on Form B. (School medical inspection.)Number on Form C. Admissions to.
    Primary notifications.Total notifications, including cases previously notified.Poor Law institutions.Sanatoria.
    Under 5.5 to 10.10 to 15.Total.
  • Page 27
    Tuberculosis. Table showing distribution in Wards of notified and unnotified cases, and numbers of persons who have been treated in Institutions.
    All Ages.Conduit.Grosvenor.Knightsbridge St. George.Victoria.St. Margaret.St. John.Hamlet of Knightsbridge.Pall Mall.Regent.Great Marlborough.Charing Cross.Covent Garden.Strand.St. Anne.Homeless.Received Institutional Treatment.
  • Page 28
    Deaths from Tuberculosis in the City of Westminster.
    YearPulmonary.Abdominal.Meningeal.Other.Total.
    Deaths.Rates.Deaths.Rates.Deaths.Rates.Deaths.Rates.Deaths.Rates.
  • Page 28
    Analysis of cases visited in 1915:—
    Pulmonary.Other Forms.
    North.South.Total.North.South.Total.
  • Page 29
    These persons were examined :—
    N.S.Total.
  • Page 29
    The parts of the body affected were:—
  • Page 31
    Diarrhea.—In Westminster, the total deaths were 37, 30 being under 2 years of age. Comparison with former years is made below:—
    Westminster.1911.1912.1913.1914.1915.
  • Page 32
    following list shows how far this was carried out and the nature of the cases notified:—
    School.Actual Cases.Infection in House.Other Causes.
    Chicken-pox.Measles.Mumps.Whooping-cough.Chicken-pox.Measles.Mumps.Whooping-cough.
  • Page 32
    In this way 754 notifications were sent out during 1915 to school teachers as follows:—
    School.Small Pox.Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria.Enteric Fever.
  • Page 33
    Continued from previous page...
    School.Small Pox.Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria.Enteric Fever.
  • Page 33
    The number of examinations in the previous 5 years were: 1910, 270; 1911, 240; 1912, 306: 1913; 406; 1914, 499.
    Disease.Persons.Examinations.Results.
    Positive.Negative.Doubtful.
  • Page 34
    The following table gives a comparative statement of the above work during the past seven years:—
    1909.1910.1911.1912.1913.1914.1915.
  • Page 34
    Arising out of the War, disinfection was carried out in 841 instances.
    RoomArticles.Vehicles.
    Disinfected.Destroyed.
  • Page 35
    Six parents were treated in 1915, and 6 children under school age.
    Borough.Body Lice.Head Lice.Scabies.
  • Page 36
    The number of dead bodies taken to the mortuaries for purposes of inquest and to await burial during the last seven years are:—
    Total.For Inquest.To await Burial.Total.For Inquest.To await Burial.
  • Page 37
    C. House Inspection, &. Below is a list of details of the work done in connection with insanitary conditions. In many cases some of the work specified was i n premises, parts of which were occupied as workshops:—
    1915.1915.
  • Page 38
    Continued from previous page...
    1915.1915.
  • Page 39
    Police court proceedings for failure to comply with statutory notices were taken with the following results:—
    Premises.Offence.Result.
  • Page 40
    The house in Ann's Place has had improvements effected in regard to ventilation of the rooms.
  • Page 42
    The following is a summary of the work done in connection with smoke prevention:-
    1915 Total.1914 Total
  • Page 43
    The following shows the state of the register of work premises at the end of 1915:—
    Work Premises.Total Number.Number in which Women are Employed.
  • Page 44
    Inspection.
    Premises.Number of
    Inspections.Keinipections.Defects Found.Intimation Notices.Statutory Notices.Prosecutions.
  • Page 44
    Defects found,.—1915.
    Particulars.Number of Defects.Number of Prosecutions.
    Found.Remedied.
  • Page 45
    Other Matters.
    Class.Number.
  • Page 45
    They were distributed thus:—
    Council.Sent from Westminster.Received by Westminster.Council.Sent from Westminster.Received by Westminster.
    Feb.Aug.Feb.Aug.Feb.Aug.Feb.Aug.
  • Page 46
    Council.Sent from Westminster.Received by Westminster.Council.Sent from Westminster.Received by Westminster.
    Feb.Auk.Feb.Aug.Feb.Aug.Feb.Aug.
  • Page 47
    City of Westminster. Outworkers. 1915.
    FEBRUARY LISTS.AUGUST LIST.
    Trade.Number of Lists.Number of Outworkers.Received from other Authorities.Sent to other Authorities.Addresses in City.Number of Lists.Number of Outworkers.Received from other Authorities.Sent to other Authorities.Addresses in City.
  • Page 48
    Notices were served in respect of 717 defects discovered in 294 houses They may be summarised thus:—
    1915.1915.
  • Page 48
    Infectious Disease.—A list of the cases of notifiable infectious diseases which occurred in families engaged in the making, &c., of wearing apparel, are given below. It was unnecessary to stop their work except temporarily during the time disinfection was being carried out:—
    Smallpox.Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria.Typhoid Fever.
  • Page 48
    E. FOOD SUPPLY. During 1915 visits have been paid to the various classes of business as follows:—
    Visits.Notices served.Visits.Notices served.
  • Page 49
    Defects have been found in places where food is sold or prepared for sale as follows:—
    1915.Restaurants Hotels, Eating-Houses and Confectioners.Ice Cream Sbops.Dairies,Bakehouses.Fish Shops.Butchers, Poultry and Provisions.Fruit and Vegetables.
  • Page 51
    Articles of Food Submitted.
    TonsCwts.Lbs.Tons.Cwts.Lbs.
  • Page 51
    The following articles were seized and condemned; appended is a note of the action taken:—
    Name and Address of Defendant.Article.Result.
  • Page 52
    Sale ok Food and Dkugs Acts. Samples Purchased under the Sale of Food and Drugs Acts, showing result of Analysis and subsequent Proceedings for year 1915.
    Number.Article of Food.Number of Samples Purchased.Genuine. (Inferior in brackets.)Adulterated.Prosecutions.Convictions.Withdrawn or Dismissed.Fines.Costs.
    £s.d.£s.d.
  • Page 55
    Milk and Cream Regulations, 1912—In all cases the Public Analysts examine milk and cream for preservatives. A list is appended in the form asked for by the Board:— 1. Milk and Cream not sold as Preserved Cream.
    Article.(a) Number of samples examined for the presence of a preservative.(b) Number in which a preservative was reported to be present.
  • Page 55
    2. Cream.
    1915.Number of samples examined for preservative.Number containing preservative.
  • Page 55
    Action Taken.
  • Page 56
    Continued from previous page...
  • Page 56
    3. Preserved Cream.
    1915.Number examined.Without preservative.Preservative under amount stated on label.Preservative over amount stated on label.
  • Page 56
    Adian Taken.
  • Page 56
    The amount of Fat in Preserved Cream was estimated in six samples in the quarter ended, June '60th last, as follows:—
    Fat , per cent .Boric Acid, per cent.
  • Page 57
    Sausages, Meat Pies, &c.—Samples were taken during 1915 of sausages, meat pies, &c., as shown in the list printed above.
  • Page 59
    Legal Proceedings Under tiie Food and Drugs Acts during 1915.
    No. of Sample.Date of Hearing.Offence.Result.
    1234
    1915.MILK.
  • Page 60
    Continued from previous page...
    No. of Sample.Date of Hearing.Offence.Result.
    1234
    1915.
  • Page 61
    Continued from previous page...
    No. of Sample.Date of-Hearing.Offence.Result.
    1234
    1915.SEPARATED MILK.
  • Page 62
    Continued from previous page...
    No. of Sample.Date of Hearing.Offence.Result.
    1234
    1915.