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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

Holborn 1927

[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Holborn Borough]

Published
1928
Pages
140
Tables
80

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80 tables in this report

  • Page 8
    Vital Statistics, 1927. England and Wales, London and Holborn.
    Annual Rates per 1,000 living.Deaths under 1 year to 1,000 Births.
    Births.Deaths.
  • Page 12
    The following table gives the corrected number of births and the corrected birth-rates for the twenty years 1908-1927:—
    Year.Total Births.Legitimate Births.Illegitimate Births.
    No.Rate per 1,000 of Population.No.Rate per 1,000 of population.Proportion per 1,000 total Registered BirthsNo.Rate per 1,000 of population.Proportion per 1,000 total Registered Births.
  • Page 13
    Of these deaths the following occurred in Public Institutions, etc., within the area of the Borough:—
    Institution.Residents.Non-Residents.
    St. Giles and Bloomsbury.Holborn.St. Giles and Bloomsbury.Holborn.
  • Page 13
    Corrected Deaths and Death-Rates, 1927, compared with 1926.
    Year.Total Deaths at all ages registered in District.Deaths in Public Institutions in District.Deaths of nonresidents of Borough registered in District.Deaths of residents registered beyond the District.Nett Deaths at all ages.Death Rate for BoroughDeath Rate. Registration London.
  • Page 14
    The mortality in the four quarters of the year as given in the Quarterly Reports of the Registrar-General is shown below:—
    Deaths.Death-rate per 1,000.London Rate.
  • Page 14
    Infantile Mortality. The number of deaths of children under one year of age, and the number of deaths of children under one year of age per 1,000 corrected births, were the following:—
    Year.Deaths under 1 year of age.Deaths under 1 year per 1000 corrected legitimate births.Deaths under 1 year per 1000 corrected illegitimate Births.Deaths under 1 year per 1000 corrected Births.London.
    Deaths under 1 year per 1000 Births.
  • Page 14
    Death-rate per 1,000 corrected births in 1927 and in ten preceding years during which details respecting births have been supplied.
    1917191819191920192119221923192419251926Avge, 1917-261927
  • Page 18
    Sanitary Inspectors' and Health Visitors' Work, Year 1927.
    Mr. BennettMr. ClarkMr. LarardMiss CharlesworthMiss StockwellTotal
  • Page 19
    Continued from previous page...
    Mr. BennettMr. ClarkMr. LarardMiss CharlesworthMiss StockwellTotal
  • Page 20
    The following table shows the work done to abate nuisances for which intimation notions were served: —
    Water Supply—Houses.Factories, Workshops and Workplaces
  • Page 21
    Continued from previous page...
    Houses.Factories. Workshops and Workplaces.
  • Page 21
    Statutory Notices. The following table shows the nuisances for which the 77 Statutory Notices were issued under the Public Health (London) Act, 1891.
    Houses.Factories. Workshops and Workplaces.
  • Page 25
    No fewer than 165 different industries are carried on in these workshops, among the principal being the following:—
    No. of Workshops Employing
    Men only.Women only.Both Sexes.Total.
  • Page 26
    The following is a summary in tabular form of the work done by the Inspectors in factories, workshops and workplaces in the year 1927:—
    Mr. Bennett.Mr. Clark.Mr. Larard.Miss Charlesworth.Total.
  • Page 27
    Notices served.
    Mr. Bennett.Mr. Clark. "Mr. Larard.Miss Charlesworth.Total.
  • Page 36
    The following table refers to the samples examined as mentioned above :—
    Date sample taken.Nature of Shop where purchased.No. of Organisms per cc. grown at 37° C for 24 hours.Minimal volume containing Bacillus Coli.
    1927
  • Page 39
    The following table gives the percentages of the milk fat and milk solids found: —
    Milk fat per cent.Milk solids (including fat) per cent.
  • Page 43
    Ice cream is manufactured in the Italian colony as follows :—
  • Page 43
    In addition ice cream was also manufactured on the following premises :—
    Mr. Bennett's District.Mr. Clark's District.Mr. Larard's District.
  • Page 43
    The result of the bacteriological examination is shown in the following table : —
    Sum pie and date purchased.Where purchased.Organisms per cc. growing on Agar at 37°C for 24 hours.Streptococci present, in I cc.Minimum volume showing coliform organisms.*Minimum volume showing B enteritidis sporogenes.
  • Page 45
    The following summary shows the number of butchers' shops and meat stalk in the Borough, and the number of other shops where meat is sold: —
  • Page 46
    The number of such places on the register at the end of the year was as follows: —
  • Page 48
    Unsound Food.
    Commodity.Quantity.Condition.Result of Action taken.
  • Page 51
    Milk. The following table shows the fat content of the 168 samples of milk :—
  • Page 52
    The following table shows the average composition of milk samples purchased during each month of 1927.
    Number of Samples examined.Total Solids. P er cent, average.Solids Non-fat. Per cent, average.Fat. Per cent, average.
  • Page 53
    Articles Analysed. Formal Samples.
    article.Number PurchasedResult of AnalysisProceedings taken.Convictions.Fines and Costs.
    Genuine.Adulterated.
  • Page 54
    Continued from previous page...
    ARTICLE.Number Purchased.Result of Analysis.Proceedings taken.Convictions.Fines and Costs.
    Genuine. 1Adulterated.
  • Page 55
    Informal Samples.
  • Page 56
    ENGLAND AND WALES. Common Infectious Diseases. Deaths at all Ages.
    1917.1918.1919.1820.1921.1922.1923.1924.1925.1926.Yearly average 1917-1926.
  • Page 58
    The following table kindly supplied by the Vaccination Officer of the Holborn Union on the 19th March, 1928, gives information respecting vaccination in the Borough of Holborn: —
    Total Number of BirthsVaccinatedDied before VaccinationCons. ObjectorsInsusceptiblePostponed by Medical CertificateRemoved. No information as to VaccinationTemporarily unaccounted for
  • Page 61
    TABLE I. HOLBORN MUNICIPAL INFANT WELFARE CENTRE, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927. Ages of Persons Schick-Tested with Result of Test.
    Ages.0 to 12 months1 to 2 years2 to 3 years3 to 4 years4 to 5 years5 to 6 years6 to 7 years7 to 8 years8 to 9 years9 to 10 years10 to 11 years11 to 12 years12 to 13 years13 to 14 years14 to 15 years15 and above years
  • Page 61
    TABLE II. Ages of Persons Immunised.
    Age.0 to 12 months1 to 2 years2 to 3 years3 to 4 years4 to 5 years5 to 6 years6 to 7 ears7 to 8 years8 to 9 years9 to 10 years10 to 11 years11 to 12 years12 to 13 years13 to 14 years14 to 15 years15 and above years
  • Page 62
    TABLE III. HOLBORN MUNICIPAL INFANT WELFARE CENTRE. Schick Test and Diphtheria Immunisation. Six years, 1922-23-24-25-26-27.
    Total Tested.Rresult ofTest. ABImmunisation of Positives. C DEFG
    Negative.Positive.Not read.Found NEGATIVE to Re Schick Test afterFound NEGATIVE to Re Schick Test afterFirst immunised with T A. F. and found NEGATIVE to Re Schick afterFound POSITIVE to Re Schick Test after 3 ccm T. A.T. or T.A.F.Total Re Schick TestedGiven 3 ccm T.A.T or T.A.F. Not Retested.Failed to complete 3 inoculatns.Inoculatns. not begun.Inoculatns. still in progress.Given 1 ccm not yet Re-tested.
    1 ccm T.A.T2 ccm T.A.T3 ccm T.A.T or T.A.F.4 ccm T.A.T.6 ccm T.A.T6 ccm T.A.T8 ccm T.A.TFurther doses of T.A.F.3 ccm T.A.T.Given further inoculation but not yet Retested.No further inoculation given.
    CACACACACACACACACACACACACACACACACACACACAcA
  • Page 63
    TABLE IV.
    No. of children in family.No of families.Of which the members are—
    All Schick positive.All Schick negative.One or more elders negative, younger positive.One or more elders positive, younger negative.
  • Page 65
    TABLE V.
    Re-Schick tested after an interval of years or fraction of years.Number re tested after this interval.No. found positive.Age in years and sex of positives when first tested.Negative to 2nd re-Schick test and lotal of T A.T. or T. A. F. given in all.
  • Page 66
    TABLE V—continued.
    Re-Schick tested after an interval of years or fraction of years.Number retested after this interval.No. found positive.Age in years and sex of positives when first tested.Negative to 2nd re-Schick test and total of T.A.T. or T.A.F. given in all.
  • Page 67
    TABLE VI. Batches of Toxin Antitoxin and Toxoid Antitoxin and the Flocculatea Antitoxin Coin pared.
    Designation of batch of immunising mixture.No. of persons inoculated and retested.No. of these persons found positive on retesting.
  • Page 68
    DIPHTHERIA IN CHILDREN SCHICK TESTED and Treated with Immunising Injections.
    InitialsAge in yearsut date of Schick TestSexType of HomeDate of Schick TestFirst In jectionFinal InjectionRetestResult of RetestDate of onset of DiphtheriaInterval between last injection and date of onset of diseaseConfirmation of diagnosis byCharacter of Attack
  • Page 71
    Diphtheria—Notification rate per 1,000 population.
    England and WalesLondonHolborn
  • Page 73
    The following table gives information up to the end of 1927 respecting the 11 real cases of encephalitis lethargica notified in the Borough since the Public Health (Encephalitis Lethargica) Regulations came into force on the 1st January, 1919: —
    Date of Notification.Patient.Age when notified.Subsequent History.
  • Page 74
    The following table gives particulars of these cases with (he condition at the end of 1927: —
    Date of Notification.Patient.Age at date of Notification.Where Treated.Subsequent History.
  • Page 76
    The following table gives details of the examinations made during the year: —
    DiphtheriaPulmonary TuberculosisEnteric FeverOther
    Number SubmittedResult of ExaminationNumber SubmittedResult of ExaminationNumber SubmittedResult of ExaminationNumber SubmittedResult of Examination
  • Page 78
    The following table gives the number of new cases of tuberculosis and deaths from the disease in the Borough during 1927 in the form required by the Ministry of Health:—
    Age periods.New Cages.Deaths
    Pulmonary.Non-pulmonary.Pulmonary.Non-pulmonary.
    MFMFMFMF
  • Page 79
    Summary of Notifications during the period from the 2nd January, 1927, to the 31st December, 1927, in the Metropolitan Borough of Holborn.
    Age-periods.Notifications on Form A.Notifications on Form B.Number of Notifications on Form c.
    Number of Primary Notifications.Number of Primary Notifications.Total Notifications on Form B.Poor Law Institutions.Sanatoria.
    0 to 1.1 to 5.5 to 10.1 10 to 15.15 to 20.20 to 25.25 to 35.35 to 45.45 to 55.55 to 65.(55 and upwards.Total Primary Notifications.Total Notifications on Form A.Under 5.5 to 10.10 to 15.Total Primary Notifications.
  • Page 79
    Supplemental Return. New cases of Tuberculosis coming to the knowledge of the Medical Officer cf Health during the period from the 2nd January, 1927, to the 31st December, 1927, otherwise than by notification on Form A or Form B under the Public Health (Tuberculosis) Regulations, 1912.
    Age-periods.0 to 11 to 55 to 1010 to 1515 to 2020 to 2525 to 3535 to 4545 to 5555 to 6565 and upwards.Total Cases.
  • Page 83
    Showing the number of Patients who died in their oivn homes and the number who died away from home in Hospitals or other Institutions.
    0-1-5-10-15-20-25-35-45-55-65-All Ages.
    Males.Females.Total.
  • Page 84
    (Memo. 37/T.: Table I.) Return showing the Work of the Dispensary during the year 1927.
    Diagnosis.Pulmonary.Non-Pulmonary.Total.
    Adults.Children.Adults.Children.Adults.Children.
    M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.
  • Page 86
    (a) Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
    Condition at the time of the last record made during the year to which the Return relates.Previous to 1926.1926.1927.
    Class T.B. minus.Class T.B. plus.Class T.B. minus.Class T.B. plus.Class T.B. minus.Class T.B. plus.
    Group 1.Group 2.Group 3.Total (Class T.B. plus).Group 1.Group 2.Group 3.Total (Class T.B. plus).Group 1.Group 2.Group 3.Total (Class T.B. plus).
  • Page 87
    (b) Non-Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
    Condition at the time of the last record made during the year to which the Return relates.Previous to 1926.1926.1927.
    Bones and Joints.Abdominal.Other Organs.Peripheral Glands.Total.Bones and Joints.Abdominal.Other Organs.Peripheral Glands.Total.Bones and Joints.Abdominal.Other Organs.Peripheral Glands.Total.
  • Page 96
    The following is an analysis of the attendance at this Municipal Centre:
    Tuesday.Wednesday.Thursday.Friday.
    Medical Consultation (alternate weeks) 2-5.30 p.m.Ante-natal and Postnatal cases only (alternate weeks) 2-5.30 p.m.Children and Mothers seen at Antenatal ConsultationMedical Consultation 2-5.30 p.m.Class 3-5.30 p.m.Dentist. 2-4 p.m.Medical Consulation 2-5.50 p.m.
  • Page 97
    The attendances at this Branch Centre during the year 1927, were as follows:—
    Monday 2-5.30 p.mThursday Medical Consultation 2-5.30 p.m.
    Class.Children weighed.
  • Page 100
    The following summary refers to maternal and infant consultations at 10, John Street and the Short's Gardens Centres during the year 1927 :—
    Reasons for Attendance.John StreetShort's Gardens.
  • Page 101
    Continued from previous page...
  • Page 101
    Mothers and children attending the Municipal Centres were referred to other departments for assistance during the year 1927 as follows: —
    Referred to.Mothers.Children.
  • Page 101
    During the year the cases of diarrhoea occurring in children attending the Council's Centres were as follows:—
    10, John Street.Short's Gardens.
  • Page 102
    The following table gives a summary of the information obtained as a result of enquiries respecting the circumstances of illegitimate babies in the year 1927:
  • Page 104
    The following table shows new cases assisted in 1927: —
    Milk.Prepared Milk.
    Free.Part Cost.Free.Part Cost.
  • Page 106
    The cause and age of death are given in the following Table:—
    Cause of DeathUnder 1 Week1-2 Weeks2-3 Weeks3-4 WeeksTotal under 4 Weeks4 Weeks and under 3 Months3-6 Months6-9 Months9-12 MonthsTotal under 1 Year
    MFMFMFMFMFBoth sexesMFMFMFMFMFBoth sexes
  • Page 107
    Twelve children between the ages 1 to 5 years died from the following causes:—
    Cause of Death.Ages.Total. 1-5
    1-22-33-44-5
    M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.FBoth Sexes
  • Page 109
    Nine Cases Notified in Accordance with the Public Health (Ophthalmia Neonatorum) Regulations, 1914.
    Case Number.Age when Notified.Age at Onset.By whom Notified.Type of Disease on Health Visitor's first visit.Where Treated.Medical Attendance and Nursing.Result.Birth Notified by.REMARKS.
  • Page 110
    Continued from previous page...
  • Page 110
    One Case not Notified in accordance with the Public Health (Ophthalmia Neonatorum) Regulations, 1914.
    Case Number.Age when Information received.Age at Onset.Information.Type of Disease on Health Visitor's first visit.Where treated.Medical Attendance and Nursing.Result.Birth notified by.Remarks.
  • Page 111
    Thirty-seven had no contacts; 66 had contacts. The number of contacts was 196, of whom 120 were susceptible, 76 already having suffered from an attack.
  • Page 118
    Medical Examination of School Children-Routine Inspections—Elementary Schools in Holborn, 1927.
    Age Group.Number examined.Clothing and Boots.Nutrition.Cleanliness of Head.Cleanliness of Body.Condition of Teeth.Vision.
    Good.Fair.Poor.Good.Average.Below normal.Clean.Nits.Pediculi.Clean.Dirty.Pediculi.All sound.Less than four decayed.Four or more decayed.6/6 in both eyes.6/9 in either eye.6/12 or wor»e in either eye.
  • Page 119
    At Medical Inspection, Holborn Elementary Schools, 1927.
    Defect.Boys.Girls.
    EntrantsAge 8Age 12Age 14EntrantsAge 8Age 12Age 14
  • Page 120
    Deaths of Children 5-15 years, 1927.
    Ages.Total.
    567891011121314Both Sexes.
    MFMFMFMFMFMFMFMFMFMFMF
  • Page 129
    TABLE I. Vital Statistics of Whole District during 1927 and Ten Previous Years.
    YearPopulation estimated to Middle of each Year.Births.Total Deaths Registered in the DistrictTransferable DeathsNet Deaths belonging to the District.
    Under 1 Year of AgeAt all Ages
    Uncorrected NumberNetNumberRateof Non-residents registered in the Districtof Residents not registered in the DistrictNumberRate per 1,000 BirthsNumberRate
    NumberRate
  • Page 130
    TABLE II. Causes of, and Ages at, Death, 1927.
    Causes of Death.NET DEATHS AT THE SUBJOINED AGES OF "RESIDENTS," whether occurring within or without the District.Total Deaths whether of "Residents" or "Non-Residents in Institutions in the District.
    All Ages.Under 1 year.1 and under 2 years.2 and under 5 years.5 and under 15 years.15 and under 25 years.25 and under 45 years.45 and under 65 years.65 and under 75 years.75 and upwards.
  • Page 131
    TABLE III. Cases of Infectious Disease notified during the year 1927.
    Notifiable Disease.Number of Cases Notified.Total Cases Notified in each Locality (e.g. Parish or Ward) of the District.Total Cases Removed to Hospitals.
    At all Ages.At Ages—Years.
    St. Giles and Bloomsbury.Holborn.
    Under 11 to 55 to 1515 to 2525 to 4545 to 6565 and upwards.
  • Page 132
    TABLE IV. Infectious Diseases in Holborn for the last Eleven Years.
    NOTIFICATIONSDEATHS
    Decennial Average, 1917-1926Year 1927Decennial Average, 1917-1926Year 1927
    NumberRate per 1,000London RateNumberRate per 1,000London RateNumberRate per 1,000London RateNumberRate per 1,000London Rat.
  • Page 133
    TABLE V. INFORMATION REQUIRED BY THE LONDON COUNTY COUNCIL.
    PREMISES.Number in Borough at end of 1927.Number of Inspections.Number of Prosecutions.
  • Page 134
    TABLE VI. Factories, Workshops, Laundries, Workplaces and Homework 1.—INSPECTION. Including Inspections made by Sanitary Inspectors.
    PREMISES.Number of
    Inspections.Written Notices.Prosecutions.
    Intimations.Statutory.
  • Page 134
    2.—DEFECTS FOUND.
    Particulars.Number of Defects.Number of Prosecutions.
    Found.Remedied.Referred to H.M. Inspector.
  • Page 135
    TABLE VI.—continued. 3.—HOME WORK.
    NATURE OF WORK.Outworkers' Lists, Section 107.Outwork in Unwholesome Premises, Section 108.Outwork in Infected Premises, Sections 109, 110.
    Lists received from Employers.Notices served on occupiers as to keeping or sending lists.Prosecutions.Instances.Notices served.Prosecutions.Instances.Orders made (S. 110).Prosecutions (Sections 109, 110)
    Sending twice in the year.Sending once in the year.Failing to keep or permit inspection of lists.Failing to send lists.
    Lists.Outworkers.Lists.Outworkers.
    Contractors.Workmen.Contractors.Workmen.
  • Page 136
    TABLE VI.—continued. 4.—REGISTERED WORKSHOPS.
    Workshops on the Register (S. 131) at the end of the year.Number.
    (1)(2)
  • Page 136
    5.—OTHER MATTERS.
    Class.Number.
    (1)(2)
  • Page 137
    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS. SALE OF FOOD AND DRUGS ACTS, 1875-1907.
    Date.Name.Address.Offence.Result.
  • Page 137
    PUBLIC HEALTH (LONDON) ACT, 1891.
    Date.Name.Address.Offence.Result.
  • Page 138
    TABLE VIII. METEOROLOGY OF LONDON 1927. (Deduced from observations at Greenwich under the superintendence of the Astronomer Royal)
    1927.AIR TEMPERATURE.BRIGHT SUNSHINERAIN AND OTHER FROMS OF PRECIPITATION.
    Mean of-Mean of- A & B.Difference from Average.*Daily Mean.Difference from Average.*Per cent of possibleTotal Fall.Difference from Average.*
    A. Maximum.B. Minimum.
  • Page 139
    TABLE IX. Sunlight (Ultra-Violet Rays), 1927—Daily Average. Kindly supplied by Professor Leonard Hill, M.B., F.R.S.
    Jan.Feb.MarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSept.Oct.Nov.Dec.