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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
Finsbury 1902
Report on the public health of 1902
- Published
- 1903
- Author
- Newman, George.
- Pages
- 266
- Tables
- 71
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Page 12
The numbers of the population, of each sex and at various ages (at the Census, 1901), are as follows:—
Totals at all ages. Under 5. 5-14. 15-19. 20-54. 55-75. Above 75. -
Page 13
Births.—The total number of births registered in the district during 1902 was 3,624, as follows:—
Sub-registration District. Total Births. Rate per 1,000 of the Population in 1902. -
Page 16
As regards their distribution, all the deaths belonging to Finsbury may be summarized briefly as follows:—
-
Page 17
Mortality from All Causes at Subjoined Ages, 1897 1902.
At all Ages. Under 1 Year. 1 and under 5. 5 and under 15. 15 and under 25. 25 and under 65. 65 and upwards. Total Birth Kate. Total Death Rate. -
Page 18
The distribution in the Borough of these deaths of infants may be set out as follows:—
Districts. Deaths of Infants under 1 year of age. Infant mortality rates per 1,000 births. -
Page 19
As regards age distribution of infants' deaths, as a general rule, it may be said that they diminish from the first month onwards to the twelfth. The following table gives the age incidence in Finsbury for 1902.
Months. 0— 1- 2— 3— 4- 5- 6- 7— 8- 9— 10— 11— Totals -
Page 19
Turning now to the causes of death in these infants, we find the record is as follows:—
Causes of Death. Diarrhoea. Prematurity. Malnutrition and Debility. Bronchitis. Pneumonia. Convulsions. Suffocated in Bed. Measles. Whooping Cough. Accidents. Tuberculosis. Diphtheria. Erysipelas, Croup. Miscellaneous. Totals. -
Page 20
SENILE MORTALITY. The deaths of persons over 65 years were as follows:—
Intra-Parochial— -
Page 20
The claims of death at the two extremes of life, and the effect of season, are shown in the following table of total deaths, intra-parochial and extra-parochial:—
Jan-March April-June July-Sept Oct-Dec Total -
Page 21
The deaths from Zymotic Diseases occurring in the Borough (intra-parochial and extra-parochial) during the year numbered 337, and were caused as follows:—
Small-pox Scarlet Fever Diphtheria and Membranous Croup Enteric Fever Puerperal Fever Erysipelas Measles Whooping Cough Diarrhœa Total -
Page 37
Table of Primary Vaccinations in Holborn Union at Decennial Periods, from 1871-1900.
HOLBORN PORTION. BOROUGH OF FINSBURY. Clerkenwell, Division St. Luke Division Births. Vaccinated. Percentage. Births. Vaccinated. Percentage. Births. Vaccinated. Percentage. -
Page 37
Mr. T. J. Garstang, has been good enough also to furnish me with the primary vaccination returns in children performed in 1901 and 1902.
Clerkenwell. St. Luke Totals. Births. Vaccinations. Births. Vaccinations. Births. Primary Vaccinations. -
Page 43
Continued from previous page...
Ages. Vaccinated. Unknown. Unvaccinated. Total cases and deaths. Cases. Deaths. Mortality per cent. Cases. Deaths. Mortality per cent. Cases. Deaths. Mortality per cent. Cases. Deaths. Mortality per cent. -
Page 50
The causes of death may be tabulated as follows:—
Causes of Death. Vaccinated in Infancy only. Unvaccinated. Unknown. Totals. -
Page 59
The age incidence of Diphtheria and its mortality for 1902 was as follows:—
Ages in Years Under 1 year 1-5 5-15 15-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 Totals -
Page 59
The following table shows the seasonal occurrence of the cases of Diphtheria notified to us:—
Months Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. -
Page 60
The following table illustrates the channels of infection and the sanitation of the houses in all those cases where infection could be at all traced, or the sanitation of the house was in any way open to criticism:—
I.—Insanitation— -
Page 64
The age distribution of the cases was as follows :—
Ages Under 5 5-14 15-30 Above 30 Totals -
Page 68
SCARLET FEVER, The total number of notifications received during the year for Scarlet Fever was 381 as against last year's 495. The age and sex incidence was as follows :—
Ages. 0- 1- 5- 10- 15- 20- 30-40 Total -
Page 77
The relationship between the weekly number of deaths from Epidemic Diarrhæa and the temperature, as recorded by the four-foot earth thermometer, is shown the following Table :—
Summer Quarter, 1902. June July. August. September. Oct. -
Page 78
We have obtained facts respecting 115 infants (that is, under one year of age) as follows :—
Age in months. Human Milk. Condensed Milk. Human and Condensed. Cows' Milk (Bottle). Human and Cows Milk. Totals. -
Page 80
The Voluntary Notification of Phthisis.- During 1901 we received 70 notification of phthisis, and in 1902 we received 121, as follows:-
Notified Cases. Under 10 years. 10- 20- 30- 40- 50- 60- Total. -
Page 81
The age and sex incidence was as follows:
Deaths 0— 10— 20— 30— 40— 50— 60—70 Total -
Page 83
1. Consumption in Families.—The following table shows the number of cases in which there has been a history of family disease pointing in most cases, in all probability, to family infection:—
Other members of the family who died of Phthisis. Notifications. Deaths. -
Page 84
2. Length of the Disease.—The comparative length of the disease is illustrated in the following table:—
Length of Disease. Notifications. Deaths. -
Page 87
The figures are as follows :—
Years. Alcoholism. Cirrhosis of Liver. Children laid upon. Total. -
Page 89
The parts of the body mainly affected with Cancerous Disease were as follows:—
Liver Stomach Throat Breast Face, Tongue, Jaw Uterus Intestine U nstated Total -
Page 94
TABLE OF MEAT PROSECUTIONS, 1902.
Date of Trial. Name and Address. Article. Where seized and Name of Inspector. Penalty and Costs inflicted. -
Page 95
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Date ofTrial. Name and Address. Article. Where seized and Name of Inspector. Penalty and Costs inflicted. -
Page 96
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Date of Trial. Name and Address. Article. Where seized and Name of Inspector. Penalty and Costs inflicted. -
Page 98
Summary of Diseased and Unsound Meat, Offal, &c., confiscated during the year ending December 31st, 1902.
-
Page 101
The cow-houses inside the Borough in 1902 numbered seven, and are situated as follows:— LIST OF LICENSED COWKEEPERS IN THE BOROUGH OF FINSBURY.
No. Name of Occupier. Situation of Premises. No. ofCOWS -
Page 102
Results of analysis of whole milk are also added for comparative purposes:—
Description of Sample. Water. Fat. Proteids. Lactose. Mineral Matter. Cane Sugar. Deficient in Fat. -
Page 118
The samples collected were as follow:—
Samples taken. Adulterated. Samples taken. Adulterated. -
Page 126
The condition of affairs at this period may be seen in the following figures, which, in addition to the marked insanitation, were the chiei cause of the condemnation:—
Five Years, 1895-1899. Death Bate per 1,000. Infant DeathRate per 1,000 Births. Notifiable Diseases per 1,000. Density per Acre. -
Page 128
The state of affairs existent at that time may be set forth as follows:—
Five Years, 1895—1899. Houses. Population. Death Rate per 1000. Deaths of Children under 5 years. Percentage on Total Deaths. -
Page 129
Dwelling-houses on the Five Areas.
No. of Houses of all kinds at time of Scheme, 1900. Mo. or Dwelling-houses, 1900. No. closed previous to Scheme. No. closed in1900. closed in1901. No. closed in1902. Total No. now closed. No. ot Dwelling-houses now occupied. -
Page 130
The decline in houses step by step is seen in the following table:—
Dwelling Houses 1899. 1900. 1901. 1902. -
Page 146
During 1902 dwelling-houses have been closed in the following street:-
Streets. No. of Houses closed in 1902. No. of Persons displaced. -
Page 153
In the Census of 1891 it was found that the total number of tenements in Clerkenwell and St. Luke together were 26,188, 22,432 of which were tenements of less than five rooms:—
Clerkenwell and St. Luke. Rooms in tenement. Tenements of less than 5 rooms. Persons per Tenement. 1 2 3 4 a 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 ormore -
Page 154
The Census Report for 1901 gives the following figures in respect to the occupiers of tenements of less than five rooms :—
Kooms in tenement. Tenements of less than 5 rooms. Persons per Tenement. I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 " 12 ormore -
Page 157
The main facts, as regards Bastwick Street overcrowding, may be set out as follows:—
Adults. Children. Total No of Tenements occupied. No. of Tenements overcrowded. Percentage ofTenements overcrowded -
Page 158
4. Common Lodging Houses.—The following nine common lodging-houses are situated in the Borough:—
-
Page 170
The following Table shows the various trades and occupation carried on in workshop and work-places in the Borough of Finsbury which are now on the workshop register of this Department:-
-
Page 175
Summary of Offences in Factories and Workshops for which Notices were served during 1902.
-
Page 194
CHEMICAL EXAMINATION OF THE AIR OK SOME OF FINSBURY BAKEHOUSES. By J. KEAR COLWELL, F.I.C., Public Analyst, Finsbury, etc.
No. of Sample. Where collected. Above orunder ground. Date of Collection. Time. Temperature 0 F. Atmospheric pressure. State of Atmosphere outside. Carbonic-Acid Gas, C02, parts per 0,0000 Remarks. -
Page 198
BAKEHOUSES. Particulars of Wet and dry bulb thermometer readingd.
Inside the Bakehouse. Outside the Bakehouse. Bakehouse. Date. Time when deposited. Time when taken out. Dry. Wet. Relative Humidity. Position. Dry. Wet. Relative Humidity. Remarks. -
Page 201
The numbers on a second examination may be set out in relation to the position of the plates as follows:—
Number ofBacteria on plate on Shelf. Number ofBacteria on plate onTable or Trough. Number ofBacteria on plate on Floor. -
Page 213
The following table gives a comparison of the years 1899 1900, 1901 and 1902 as follows:—
Year. Boats Inspected. Persons found on Boats. Total. Men. Women. Children.* -
Page 216
SCHOOLS. There are in Finsbury 24 Public Elementary Schools, containing 19,166 children, as follows:—
Schools. Infants. Boys. Girls. Totals. -
Page 216
Non-Notifiable Infectious Diseases in Board Schools in Finsbury, 1902.
Schools. No. on Roll. Measles. Whooping Cough. Chicken Pox. Other Diseases. Total. -
Page 218
It will be understood that the above Table deals with articles which have been disinfected. The actual number of occupancies disinfected during the year are as follows:—
Small-pox Scarlet Fever Diphtheria Enteric Fever Puerperal Fever Disinfections at request of Occupiers for non-infectious Diseases Erysipelas Phthisis Totals -
Page 223
Work of Sanitary Inspectors.
Inspector Elisor. Inspector Davis. Inspector Longden. Inspector Norman. Inspector Hindhaugh. Inspector Powell. Total. -
Page 224
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS UNDER THE PUBLIC HEALTH (LONDON) ACT, 1891 AND METROPOLIS LOCAL MANAGEMENT ACT.
Data. Name and Address of Defendant. Offence. Result. -
Page 225
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Date. Name and Address of Defendant. Offence. Result. -
Page 226
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Date. Name and Address of Defendant. Offence. Result. -
Page 227
SALE OF FOOD AND DRUGS ACT.
Data. Name and Address of Defendant. Offence. Result. -
Page 228
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Data. Name and Address of Defendant- Offence. Result. -
Page 229
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Data. Name and Address of Defendant. Offence. Result. -
Page 229
SMOKE NUISANCES.
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Page -
VACCINATION RETURNS. Total Return fok 1901. Return made on or before 9th February, 1903, by Mr. T. J. Garstang, Vaccination Officer of the Holborn Union, respecting the Vaccination of Children whose Births were registered in the Finsbury District, from 1st January to 31st December, 1901, inclusive. (Return made to the Board of Guardians.)
Registration Sub-Districts comprised in the Vaccination Officer's District Number ofBirths returned in the "Birth List Sheets" as registeredfrom 1st January to 31st Dec., 1901 Number of these Births duly entered by 31st January, 1903, in Columns I. 11, IV and V of the "Vaccination Register" (Birth List Sheets), viz: Number of these Births which on 31st January, 1903. remained unentered in the - Vaccination Register" on account (as shuwu by Report Book; of:— Number of these Births remaining on 31st January, 190$, neither duly entered in the" Vaccination Register" (columns 3. 4, 5, 6, and 7 of this Return) nor temporarily accounted for in the " Report Book" (columns 8, 9, and 10 of this Return) Total Number of Certificates of Successful Primary Vaccination at ALLAGES received during each of the calendar years 1901 and 1902 Col 1Successfully Vaccinated Col II Col IVNumber in respect of whom Certificates of Conscientious Objection have been received Col VDead. Un vaccinated Postponement by Medical Certificate Removal to Districts, the Vaccination Officer of which has been duly apprised Removal to Places unknown, or which cannot be reached ; and Cases not having been found Insusceptible of Vaccination Had nmall Pox 1901 1902 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 3 -
Page -
VACCINATION RETURNS. Return for the Period January—June, 1902. Return to be made on or before Nth of February, 1903, by Mr. T. J. Garstang, Vaccination Officer of the Holborn Union, respecting the Vaccination of Children whose Births were registered in the Finsbury District, from 1st January to 30th June, 1902, inclusive. (Return made to the Hoard of Guardians.)
Registration sub-Districts comprised in the Vaccination Officer's District Number ofBirths returned in the "Birth List Sheets" as registeredfrom 1st January to 30th .June.1902 Number of these Births duly entered by 31st January, 1903, in Columns I. II, IV and v of the •Vaccination Register" (Birth List Sheets), viz: Number of these Births which on 31st January. 1903. remained unentered in the • Vaccination Register" on account (as shown by Report Book; of:— Number of these Births remaining on 3lst January, 1903. neither duly entered in the"Vaccination Register" (columns 3, 4, 6, and 7 of this Return.) nor temporarily accounted for in the •' Report Book" (columns 8, y. and 10 of this Return; Number of Certificates of Conscientious, Objection actuallyreceived by the Vaccination Officer, irrespective of the dates of birth of the Children to which they relate, during the year 1902. Col I Col 11 Col IVNumber in respect of whom Certificates of Conscientious Objection have been received Col V Postponement by Medical Certificate Removal to Districts, the Vaccination Officer of which has been duly apprised Removal tc 1'laces unknown, or which cannotbe reached ; and Cases not having been lound Successfully Vaccinated Insusceptible of Vaccination Had, Small Pox Dead. Un vaccinated 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 -
Page -
TABLE I. Name of District—Metropolitan Borough of Finsbury. For Whole District.
Year. Population estimated to middle of each Year. Births. Deaths Under One Year Of Age. Deaths at all Ages Total. Deaths inPublic Institutions Deaths ofnonresidents registered in District. Deaths of Residents registered beyond District. Deaths at all Ages Nett. Number. Rate.* Number. Rate per 1,000 Births registered. Number. Rate* Number. Rate* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 -
Page -
TABLE II. Borough of Finsbury.
Names of Localities I—The Borough 2—North Clerkenwell 3—south Clerkenwell 4—Finsbury (St Luke's) 5—St Sepulchre -
Page -
TABLE III. Cases of Infectious Disease Notified during the year 1902. Borough of Finsbury.
Notifiable Disease Cases Notified in Whole Distict Tula) Cases Notified in each Locality No. of Cases removed to Hospital from each Locality At All Ages At Ages—Year 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 Under 1 1 to 5 5 to 15 15 to 35 25 to 65 | 65 and upwards North Clerkenwell South Clerkenwell Finsbury (St. Luke) St. Sepulchre North Clerkenwell South Clerkenwell Finsbury (St. Luke) St. Sepulchre -
Page -
TABLE IV. •
Causes of Death Deaths in District at subjoined Ages Deaths in Localities (at all Ages) Deaths in Public Institutions All ages Under 1 1 and under5 5 and under1 15 and under 25 25 and under65 55 andupwards North Clerkenwell South Clerkenwell Finsbury (St Luke's) St. Sepulechre -
Page -
NAMES AND ADDRESSES, ETC., OF THE SMALL-POX CASES, 1901 & 1902.
No. Name. Address Sex and Age. Occupation. Date of commencement of symptoms. Date of Eruption. Date of Removal toHospital. Vaccinated in Infancy. Vaccd. during the last 10 years. Unvaccinated. Cases terminating fatally, with date and kind of Small-pox. Source of Infection. -
Page -
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No Name Address. Sex and Age. Occupation. Date of commencement of symptoms. Date ofEruption. Date of Removal toHospital. Vaccinated in Infancy Vaccd.. during the last 10 years Unvaccinated Cases terminating fatally, With date and kind of Small-pox Source of Infection. -
Page -
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No. Name. Address. Sex and Age. Occupation. Date of commencement of symptoms. Date of Eruption. Date of Removal toHospital. Vaccinated in Infancy Vaccd. during the last 10 years. Unvaccinnted Cases terminating fatally, with date and kind of Small-pox Source of Infection. -
Page -
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No Name Address. Sex and Age. Occupation. Date of commencement of symptoms. Date of Eruption. Date ofRem oral toHospital. Vaccinated in Infancy. Vaccd. during the last 10 years Unvaccinated. Cases terminating fatally, with date and kind of Small-pox Source of Infection. -
Page -
Continued from previous page...
No Name. Address Sex and Age. Occupation. Date of commencement of symptoms. Date of Eruption. Date of Removal toHospital. Vaccinated in Infancy. Vaccd. during the last 10 years Unvaccinated. Cases terminating fatally, with date and kind of Small-pox Source of Infection.