[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Wandsworth District, The Board of Works (Clapham, Putney, Streatham, Tooting & Wandsworth)]

Page 6

The figures of the year under review support this assertion.

Year	1871	1872	1873	1874	1875	1876	1877	1878	1879	1880

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The table below gives the population and relative rates of mortality of the different sub-districts.

SUB-DISTRICTS.	Population in the middle of	Deaths.		Deathrate.	Excluding Non Parishioners who have Died in Public Institution*.
SUB-DISTRICTS.	1880	1879	1880	1880	1880

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For the sake of comparison, however, we have the total mortality from each cause set side by side in the Table now presented.

DISEASES, And other causes of Death		1870	1871	1872	1873	1874	1875	1876	1877	1878	1879	1880

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The total amount of Zymotic mortality in the several sub-districts is shown in the following table.

SUB-DISTRICTS.	No. of Deaths from Zymotic Diseases per 1000 of the Estimated population	Ratio of Deaths from Zymotic Disease to every 100 of the total deaths.

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Mortality According to Age. —The infantile mortality, as shown in the following table, was very high in 1880. Nearly 50.0 per cent. of the total deaths occurred under 5 years, and 31.6 under 1 year.

YEARS.	AGE.
YEARS.	Under 1 year	From 1 to 5 years	From 5 to 10 years	All under 20 years	From 20 to 40 years	From 40 to 60 years	From 60 to 80 years	80 years & upwards

Page 10

Social Position. —The proportion of deaths amongst the various classes is to be found in the table below, for 4 years, 1877-80.

	1877.	1878.	1879.	1880.

Page 17

STATISTICS OF MORTALITY.

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Zymotic or Epidemic diseases, —A small increase in the number of deaths from Zymotic diseases took place during 1880—237 deaths having occurred in that year against 218 deaths in 1879. The following table gives the specific causes of deaths from this class of diseases for the last four years.

		1880	1870	1878	1877

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Social position. —The social position of the persons deceased in the sub-district, during the year, was as under:—

	per cent.

Page 27

Table showing Increase of Population by Natural Means and by Immigration.

Population in April, 1871.	Population in April, 1881.	Actual Increase.

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STATISTICS OF MORTALITY.

BATTERSEA WEST.		Total Deaths from each Class of Disease &c., in the Sub-District.	Sex.		Age.									Social Position.
Official mean population, June, 1880— 52 weeks) 48,981,			Males.	Females	Under 1 year.	From 1 to 5 years.	From 5 to 10 years.	From 10 to 20 years.	All under 20 years.	At 20, and under 40 years.	At 40, and under 60 years.	At 60, and under 80 years.	80 years and upwards.	Nobility and Gentry.	Professional Class, Merchants, Bankers, &c.	Middle and Trading Class, Shopmen, Clerks, &c.	Industrial and Labouring Classes.
Area 1108 acre#			Males.	Females	Under 1 year.	From 1 to 5 years.	From 5 to 10 years.	From 10 to 20 years.	All under 20 years.	At 20, and under 40 years.	At 40, and under 60 years.	At 60, and under 80 years.	80 years and upwards.	Nobility and Gentry.	Professional Class, Merchants, Bankers, &c.	Middle and Trading Class, Shopmen, Clerks, &c.	Industrial and Labouring Classes.

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The following table contrasts all deaths from Zymotic causes during the past 9 years.

	1872	1873	1874	1875	1876	1877	1878	1879	1880

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The following Table contrasts all deaths from non-Zymotic causes during the past nine years:—

	1872	1873	1874	1875	1876	1877	1878	1879	1880

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This table cannot prove otherwise than interesting to the inhabitants of this sub-district, inasmuch as it shows the gradual rise of the locality from a mere village of some 4,000 inhabitants to a populous suburb of upwards of 36,000.

POPULATION.	1801.	1811.	1821.	1831.	1841.	1851.	1861.	1871.	1881.

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Continued from previous page...

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STATISTICS OF MORTALITY. (52 WEEKS.)

CLAPHAM.	Sex.		Age.									Social Position.
Population in 1881, 30,378	Males.	Females.	Under 1 year.	From 1 to 5 years.	From 5 to 10 years.	From 10 to 20 years.	All under 20 years.	At 20 and under 40 years of age.	At 40 and under 60 years of age.	At 60 and under 80 yeurs of age.	80 years and upwards.	Nobility and Gentry.	Professional Class, Merchants, Bankers, Ac.	Middle & Trading Class, Shopmen, Clerks, Ac.	Industrial and Laboring Classes.
Official Population in middle of year 1880 85,538
Area in Acres, 1,233.
DISEASES And other Causes of Death.

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As in my former reports, I again express the hope that these preventible diseases— the opprobrium of medical science—may be steadily diminished, if not ultimately exterminated.

Years.	1870	1871	1872	1873	1874	1875	1876	1877	1878	1879	1880

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With this object the following rates are introduced in a tabular form:—

DEATH-RATES.	Without correction for Institutions.	Corrected for Institutions.

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STATISTICS OF MORTALITY.

WANDSWORTH.	Sex.		Age.								Social Position.
Population in 1871—10,783.	Sex.		Age.								Social Position.
Population in 1871—10,783.	Males.	Females.	Under 1 year.	From 1 to 5 years.	From 5 to 10 years.	Under 20 years, including all under 10 years.	At 20, and under 40 years of age.	At 40, and under 60 years of age.	At 60, and under 80 years of age.	80 years and upwards.	Nobility and Gentry.	Professional Claas, Merchants, Bankers, &c.	Middle A Trading Class, Shopmen, Clerks, Ac.	Industrial and Laboring Classes.
Population in 1881—28,008.
Official Population in middle of 1880—27,380.
Area in Acre.—2,478.
DISEASES,
And other causes of Death.
Disease. Classifled.

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Epidemic diseases—their prevalence and fatality.— The following table shows the deaths which have resulted from the seven principal Epidemic Diseases during the past and ten preceding years, and the relation which they bore to the deaths from all causes:—

Years.	Small Pox.	Measles.	Scarlet Fever.	Diphtheria.	Whooping Cough	Cholera.	Diarrhœa.	Fever—Typhus and Typhoid.	Total Deaths from Epidemics.	Total Deaths from all causes.	Per cent.ee of deaths from Epidemics to deaths from .11 causes.

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The months in which the deaths from these diseases occurred and the mean temperature of each quarter are shewn in the following table. 7 cases of Small-pox and 8 of Fever were sent to Hospital for treatment, and therefore do not appear in the table; 2 of the cases of Fever terminated fatally.

DISEA.SE.	January	February	March	April	May	June	July	August	September	October	November	December
DISEA.SE.	Mean Temp. 39.8			Mean Temp. 52.4			Mean Temp. 61.4			Mean Temp. 44.0

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STATISTICS OF MORTALITY.

STREATIIAM. INCLUDING TOOTING & BALHAM.	Sex.		Age.								Social Position.
STREATIIAM. INCLUDING TOOTING & BALHAM.	Males.	Females.	Under 1 year.	From 1 to 5 years.	From 5 to 10 years.	Under 20 years, including all under 10 years.	At 20 and under 40 years of age.	At 40 and under 60 years of age.	At 60 and under 80 years of age.	80 years and upwards.	Nobility and Gentry.	Professional Class, Merchants, Bunkers, &c.	Middle & Trading Class, Shopmen, Clerks, &c.	Industrial and Laboring Classes.
Population in 1871—14,475.
Population middle of 1880-25,000.
Area in Statute Acres-3465.
DISEASE8.
And other Causes of Death.

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The following Table contrasts all the deaths which resulted from the seven principal epidemic diseases during the past and seven preceding years:—

DISEASE.		1873	1874	1875	1876	1877	1878	1879	1880

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The following Table contrast all deaths from non-Zymotic diseases during the past eight years:—

Years	1873	1874	1875	1876	1877	1878	1879	1880

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The table below gives a retrospect of the births and deaths during the 11 years 1870.80.

YEARS.	Births.	Birth-rate.	Number of Deaths from nil Causes.	Death-rate.	Rate of Natural Increase.

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STATISTICS OF MORTALITY.

PUTNEY and ROEHAMPTON.		Total Deaths from each Class of Disease, &c., in the Sub-District.	Sex		Age								Social Position
Population (Census) 1881 13,221. Official Population in middle of the year 1880. 12,938. Area in Statute Acres-2,176.			Males.	Females.	Under 1 year.	From 1 to 5 years.	From 6 to 10 years.	At 10 and under 20 years of age.	At 20, and under 40 years of age	At 40, and under 60 years of age.	At 60, and under 80 years of age.	80 years and upwards.	Nobility and Gentry.	Professional Class, Merchants, Bankers, &o.	Middle & Trading Class, Shopmen, Clerks, &o.	Industrial & Labouring
DISEASES, And other Causes of Death.			Males.	Females.	Under 1 year.	From 1 to 5 years.	From 6 to 10 years.	At 10 and under 20 years of age.	At 20, and under 40 years of age	At 40, and under 60 years of age.	At 60, and under 80 years of age.	80 years and upwards.	Nobility and Gentry.	Professional Class, Merchants, Bankers, &o.	Middle & Trading Class, Shopmen, Clerks, &o.	Industrial & Labouring

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The following Table shows at a glance the mortality of the 11 years, 1870-80, from Zymotic disease.

Page 70

The Table below arranges the Zymotic diseases according to the quarter of the year in which they severally occurred.

DISEASE.	1880
DISEASE.	First Quarter.	Second Quarter.	Third Quarter.	Fourth Quarter.

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The increase in the mortality from Premature Birth, &c., must be reqgarded with suspicion. Many lives are sacrificed from insufficient care or ignorant handing soon after birth.

Years.		1870	1871	1872	1873	1874	1875	1876	1877	1878	1879	1880

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TABLE I. Summary of Deaths and their Causes, registered in the entire District during 1880, classified according to Sex, Age, and Social Position, and showing also the relative Numbers in each Sub-District.

POPULATION of ENTIRE DISTRICT, As corrected by the Registrar General.	Sub-Districts.					Sex.		Age.								Social Position
	Clapham—Population in 1871, 27,347, area in acres, 1,233.	Wandsworth— Population in 1871, 19,783, area in acres, 2,478.	Battersea—Population in 1871, 54,016, area in acres, 2,348.	Putney—Population in 1871, 9,439, area in acres, 2,176.	Streatham, Tooting and Balham—Population 1871, 14,475, area in acres, 3,465.	Males.	Females.	Under 1 year.	From 1 to 5 years.	From 5 to 10 years.	Under 20 years, including all under 10 years.	At 20 and under 40 years of age.	At 40, and under 60 years of age.	At 60, and under 80 years of age.	80 years and upwards.	Nobility and Gentry.	.Protessional Class, Merchants, Bankers, &c.	Middle and Trading Class, Shopmen, Clerks. A a.	Industrial and I abouring Classes.
Census 1881. 210,397.
Official Population for middle of year, 1880. 205,400. Area in Statute Acres, 11,695.
DISEASES, And other Causes of Death.

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TABLE II.

SUB-DISTRICTS.	Males.	Females.	Total.

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TABLE III.

Winter . . Jan., Feb., March.	Spring . . April, May, June.	Summer . . July, Aug., Sept.	Autumn . . Oct., Nov., Dec.	Temperature of									Elastic Force of Vapour.		Weight of Vapour in a Cubic Foot of Air.		Degree of Humidity.		Reading of Barometer.		Weight of a Cubic Foot of Air.		Rain.		Reading of Thermometer on Grass.
				Air.			Evaporation.		Dew Point.		Air— Daily Range.		Elastic Force of Vapour.		Weight of Vapour in a Cubic Foot of Air.		Degree of Humidity.		Reading of Barometer.		Weight of a Cubic Foot of Air.		Rain.		Number of Nights it was			Lowest Reading at Night.	Highest Reading at Night.
				Mean.	DitF. from Average of 109 years.	Diff. from Average of 39 years.	Mean.	Diff. from Average of 39 years.	Mean.	Diff. from Average of 39 years.	Mean.	Diff. from Average of 39 years.	Mean.	Diff. from Average of 39 years.	Mean.	Diff. from Average of 39 years.	Mean (Sat.=100).	Diff. from Average of 39 years.	Mean.	Diff. from Average of 39 years.	Mean.	Diff. from Average of 39 years.	Amount.	Diff. from Average of 65 years.	At or below 30".	Between 30° and 40°.	Above 40°.	Lowest Reading at Night.	Highest Reading at Night.

Page 77

Showing the total Deaths from the Principal Epidemic Diseases registered in each Sub-District, and in the entire District, and the relation which they bore to the total Mortality in the several years 1870-80.

Years.	deaths from the sete5 principal Epidemics in each Site-District.					Entire District.
Years.	Clapham.	Battersea.	Wandsworth.	Putney.	Streatham.	Total Deaths from the Seven Epidemic*.	Total Deaths Registered from all causes.	Percentage of Deaths from the Seven Epidemics to Total Deaths.

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TABLE V. Cases of Sickness amongst the Poor under the treatment of the Union Medical Officers, with the Deaths from each class of Disease, daring the year ended 31st December, 1880. Compiled from the District Medical Belief Books.

SUB-DISTRICTS.		Total Cases of Sickness treated in each Sub-District	1—Small Pox.		2—Measles.		3—Scarlatina and Diphtheria		4—Whooping Cough.		5—Diarrhoea and Dysentery.		6—Cholera.		7—Fever.		8—Erysipelas.		9—Puerperal Fever.		10—Lung Diseases, except Phthisis.		11—Phthisis.		12—Hydrocephalus, Atrophy, Scrofula, and Convulsions of Children.		13—Other Diseases.		14—Violence, Privation, and Premature Birth.		Total Deaths in each Sub-District.
SUB-DISTRICTS.		Total Cases of Sickness treated in each Sub-District	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases. j	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Cases.	Deaths.	Total Deaths in each Sub-District.

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TABLE VI.

	Clapham.	Battersea.	Wandsworth. .	Putney and Rœhampton.	Streatham, including Tooting and Balham.	Totals.

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Wandsworth 1880

35 tables in this report

The figures of the year under review support this assertion.

The table below gives the population and relative rates of mortality of the different sub-districts.

For the sake of comparison, however, we have the total mortality from each cause set side by side in the Table now presented.

The total amount of Zymotic mortality in the several sub-districts is shown in the following table.

Mortality According to Age. —The infantile mortality, as shown in the following table, was very high in 1880. Nearly 50.0 per cent. of the total deaths occurred under 5 years, and 31.6 under 1 year.

Social Position. —The proportion of deaths amongst the various classes is to be found in the table below, for 4 years, 1877-80.

STATISTICS OF MORTALITY.

Zymotic or Epidemic diseases, —A small increase in the number of deaths from Zymotic diseases took place during 1880—237 deaths having occurred in that year against 218 deaths in 1879. The following table gives the specific causes of deaths from this class of diseases for the last four years.

Social position. —The social position of the persons deceased in the sub-district, during the year, was as under:—

Table showing Increase of Population by Natural Means and by Immigration.

STATISTICS OF MORTALITY.

The following table contrasts all deaths from Zymotic causes during the past 9 years.

The following Table contrasts all deaths from non-Zymotic causes during the past nine years:—

This table cannot prove otherwise than interesting to the inhabitants of this sub-district, inasmuch as it shows the gradual rise of the locality from a mere village of some 4,000 inhabitants to a populous suburb of upwards of 36,000.

Continued from previous page...

STATISTICS OF MORTALITY. (52 WEEKS.)

As in my former reports, I again express the hope that these preventible diseases— the opprobrium of medical science—may be steadily diminished, if not ultimately exterminated.

With this object the following rates are introduced in a tabular form:—

STATISTICS OF MORTALITY.

Epidemic diseases—their prevalence and fatality.— The following table shows the deaths which have resulted from the seven principal Epidemic Diseases during the past and ten preceding years, and the relation which they bore to the deaths from all causes:—

The months in which the deaths from these diseases occurred and the mean temperature of each quarter are shewn in the following table. 7 cases of Small-pox and 8 of Fever were sent to Hospital for treatment, and therefore do not appear in the table; 2 of the cases of Fever terminated fatally.

STATISTICS OF MORTALITY.

The following Table contrasts all the deaths which resulted from the seven principal epidemic diseases during the past and seven preceding years:—

The following Table contrast all deaths from non-Zymotic diseases during the past eight years:—

The table below gives a retrospect of the births and deaths during the 11 years 1870.80.

STATISTICS OF MORTALITY.

The following Table shows at a glance the mortality of the 11 years, 1870-80, from Zymotic disease.

The Table below arranges the Zymotic diseases according to the quarter of the year in which they severally occurred.

The increase in the mortality from Premature Birth, &amp;c., must be reqgarded with suspicion. Many lives are sacrificed from insufficient care or ignorant handing soon after birth.

TABLE I. Summary of Deaths and their Causes, registered in the entire District during 1880, classified according to Sex, Age, and Social Position, and showing also the relative Numbers in each Sub-District.

TABLE II.

TABLE III.

Showing the total Deaths from the Principal Epidemic Diseases registered in each Sub-District, and in the entire District, and the relation which they bore to the total Mortality in the several years 1870-80.

TABLE V. Cases of Sickness amongst the Poor under the treatment of the Union Medical Officers, with the Deaths from each class of Disease, daring the year ended 31st December, 1880. Compiled from the District Medical Belief Books.

TABLE VI.

The increase in the mortality from Premature Birth, &c., must be reqgarded with suspicion. Many lives are sacrificed from insufficient care or ignorant handing soon after birth.