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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

City of Westminster 1905

[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Westminster, City of]

Published
1906
Author
Allan, Francis J.
Pages
106
Tables
85

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85 tables in this report

  • Page 3
    St. John's Ward.
    Number of Enumeration District.Number of Houses.Population at Census.Deaths from All Causes.Deaths from Special Causes.
    1901.1902.1903.1904.Phthisis.Other Respiratory Diseases.Diarrhœa.
  • Page 5
    This may be represented in tabular form as follows:—
    Deaths per annum per 100 Houses.Deaths per annum per 1,000 Population.
  • Page 6
    The social status of the inhabitants appears to be that of the respectable working classes, and there is some letting of apartments.
    All Causes.Phthisis.Other Respiratory.Diarrhœa.
  • Page 7
    The population, which is of a low class, numbers 592 in 41 houses, i.e., 14.4 persons per house, or nearly double the average for the rest of the district.
    Population.Houses.Persons per House.
  • Page 7
    The houses are much the same size as the rest of the district. A comparison of the mortality rates give the following results:—
    All Causes.Phthisis.Other Respiratory.Diarrhœa.
  • Page 8
    The streets are wide generally, and there are no courts except two mews of no great size, which do not contribute appreciably to the death-rates.
    All Causes.Phthisis.Other Respiratory.Diarrhœa.
  • Page 12
    The City Comptroller has been good enough to supply me with a copy of the figures sent to the Local Government Board in 1902, 1903, 1904, and 1905, and I append them so that comparisons may be made:—
    123456
    Number of Houses as defined in Local Government Board Schedule.Number of Houses comprising two or more Rateable Properties.Number of Separate Occupations included in Col. 2.Actual Number of Rated Occupiers.Estimated Population Equalisation of Kates Act.Estimated Population Registrar-General's Methods.
  • Page 13
    Continued from previous page...
    123456
    Number of Houses as defined in Local Government Board Schedule.Number of Houses comprising two or more Rateable Properties.Number of Separate Occupations included in Col. 2.Actual Number of Rated Occupiers.Estimated Population Equalisation of Rates Act.Estimated Population Registrar-General's Methods.
  • Page 14
    Table I.— Showing the number of Births in the City of Westminster and its Wards (corrected by distributing Institution Births).
    Wards.Births (corrected).
    1901.1902.1903.1904.1905.
  • Page 14
    A comparison of the corrected and uncorrected birth-rates, and of the death-rates of infants under one year of age, is made in the following table:—
    Divisions.Births.Birth-rate.Deaths, under 1, per 1,000 births.
    Uncorrected.Corrected.Uncorrected.Corrected.Uncorrected.Corrected.
  • Page 14
    The number of married women between the ages of 15 and 45 is estimated to be 18,448, and the unmarried and widows at the same age-period 39,344.
    1902.1903.1904.1905.
  • Page 15
    The following comparative statement shows at a glance the death. rates per 1,000 persons estimated to be living at certain age.periods during each of the last five years:—
    Age.Period.1901.1902.1903.1904.1905.
    No.Rate.No.Rate.No.Rate.No.Rate.No.Rate.
  • Page 16
    Applying such factors (1.05107 for London, 1.13926 for Westminster) to the 1905 rates, the figures are:-
    Standard death.rate.Recorded death.rate.Corrected death.rate.Comparative mortality figure.
  • Page 17
    Infant Mortality Statistics for 1905.
    Original Number in Family.Number of Families.Total Births in Families.Total Deaths.
  • Page 18
    Twenty-four deaths were those of illegitimate infants. The death-rate of such children is much higher than that of legitimate infants.
    Legitimate.Illegitimate.
    Births.Deaths.Percentage.Births.Deaths.Percentage.
  • Page 18
    Cancer.—During the five years 1901-05 there have been 881 deaths from various forms of malignant growth. Divided out into age periods, they group themselves as follows:—
    Age Period.Number of Deaths.Rate per 1,000 Living at the Age Period.
  • Page 19
    Table II (Required by Local Government Board).— Vital Statistics of Separate Localities in 1905 and 14 Previous Years.
    Names of Localities1. The City of Westminster.2. St. George's, comprising Conduit, Grosvenor, Victoria, and Knightsbridge St. George Wards.3. Westminster, comprising St. Margaret, St. John, and the Hamlet of Knightsbridge Wards.4. St. James, comprising Regent,Marlborough, and Pall Mall Wards.5. St. Anne Ward.6. Strand, comprising Covent Garden, Strand, and Charing Cross Wards.
    Year.Population estimated to middle of each year.Births registered (uncorrected).Deaths at all ages (corrected).Deaths under 1 year.Population estimated to middle of each year.Births registered (uncorrected).Deaths at all ages (corrected).Deaths under 1 year.Population estimated to middle of each year.Births registered (uncorrected).Deaths at all ages (corrected).Deaths under 1 year.Population estimated to middle of each year.Births registered (uncorrected).Deaths at all ages (corrected).Deaths under 1 year.Population estimated to middle of each year. !Births registered (uncorrected).Deaths at all ages (corrected).Deaths under 1 year.Population estimated to middle of each year.Births registered (uncorrected).Deaths at all ages (corrected).Deaths under 1 year.
  • Page 20
    Table III.— Vital Statistics of Separate Localities. Birth- and Death-rates per 1,000 Inhabitants, and Death-rates oj Infants under 1 Year per 1,000 births, calculated from the figures in Table II., 'Compared with the Average Bates in the 10 Years 1895—1904.
    Birth-rate (Uncorrected).Death-rate (Corrected).Deaths under 1 per 1,000 Births Registered in the City.
    Average, 10 Years.1905.Average, 10 Years.1905.Average, 10 Years.1905.
  • Page 21
    T able IV .—Deaths of Citizens during the Year ending 30 th December, 1905, showing Locality at Time of Death.
    Wards.Locality at Time of Death.Total Deaths.
    At Home.Workhouses and Infirmaries.General and Special Hospitals.Fever Hospitals.Lunatic Asylums.Elsewhere.
    Males.Females.Total.Males.Females.Total.Males.Females.Total.Males.Females.Total.Males.Females.Total.Males.Females.Total.Males.Females.Total.
  • Page 22
    Table V.—City of Westminster— Statistics of Births and Deaths during the 52 Weeks ending 30 th December, 1905.
    123456789101112
    Wards.Population Estimated to Middle of the Year 1905.Births (Corrected).Deaths Under One Year of Age.Deaths at all Ages. Total.Deaths of Citizens in Public Institutions.Deaths of Non-Residents Registered in District.Deaths of Residents Registered beyond District.Deaths at all Ages. Nett.
    Number.Rate.1Number.Rate per 1,000 Births (Corrected).Number.Rate.*
  • Page 23
    Table VI. (Required by the Local Government Board.) Vital Statistics of Whole Districts during 1905 and Four Previous Years. C ity of " W estminster.
    12345678910111213
    Year.Population Estimated to Middle of each Year.Births.Total Deaths Registered in the District.Total Deaths in Public Institutions in the District.Deaths of Non. Residents Registered in Public Institutions in the District.Deaths of Residents Registered in Public Institutions beyond the District.Nett Deaths at all Ages belonging to the District.
    Number (Uncorrected).Rate.*Under 1 Year of Age.At all Ages.
    Number.Rate.*
    Number.Rate per 1,000 Births Registered.Number.Rate.*
  • Page 24
    Table VI.— continued.
    I.II.II—continued.
    Institutions witliin the District receiving Sick and Infirm Persons from outside the District. (Total Number of Deaths in brackets.)Institutions outside the District receiving Sick and Infirm Persons from the District.Institutions outside the District receiving Sick and Infirm Persons from the District.
  • Page 25
    Table VI.— continued.
    III.III—continued.III—continued.
    Other Institutions, the Deaths in which have been distributed among the several localities in the District.Other Institutions, the Deaths in which have been distributed among the several localities in the District.Other Institutions, the Deaths in which have been distributed among the several localities in the District.
  • Page 26
    Table VII.— Quarterly and Annual Death.rates per 1,000 Inhabitants in the City of Westminster {in Various Wards), in the United Kingdom, England and Wales, and the County of London, for the 52 Weeks ending December 30 th, 1905.
    Period.United Kingdom.England and Wales.County of London.The City.Conduit Ward.Grosvenor Ward.Hamlet of Knightsbridge Ward.Knightsbridge St. George Ward.Victoria Ward,St. Margaret Ward.St. John Ward.St. Anne Ward.Great Marlborough Ward.Pall Mall Ward.Regent Ward.Charing Cross Ward.Coyent Garden Ward.Strand Ward.
  • Page 27
    Table VIII.— Vital Statistics relating to Residents in Blocks of Dwellings in the City of Westminster, 1905.
    Buildings.Population.Births.Total Deaths.Infectious Deaths.Tubercular Deaths.Respiratory.Digestive.Circulatory Diseases.Nervous Diseases.Kidney Diseases.Violence.Cancer.Other Deaths.Death 6 Under 1.Deaths Over 65.
  • Page 28
    Table IX.— Causes of, and Ages at, Death during the 52 weeks ending 30 th December, 1905.
    Causes of Death.Corrected Deaths in the City at subjoined Ages.Deaths in Wards (at all Ages).
    All ages.Under 1.1 and under 5.5 and under 15.15 and under 25.25 and under 65.65 and upwards.Conduit.Grosvenor.Hamlet of Knightsbridge.Knightsbridge St. George.Victoria.St. Margaret.St. John.St. Anne.Great Marlborough.Pall Mall.Eegent.Charing Cross.Covent Garden.Strand.
  • Page 29
    Continued from previous page...
  • Page 30
    Table X.— Infantile Mortality during the year 1905. Deaths from Stated Causes in Weeks and Months under One Year of Age.
    CAUSE OF DEATH.Under 1 Week.1—2 Weeks.2—3 Weeks.3—4 Weeks.Total under 1 Month.1—2 Months.2—3 Months.3—4 Months.4—5 Months.5—6 Months.6—7 Monthp.7—8 Months.8—9 Months.9—10 Months.10—11 Months.11—12 Months.Total Deaths under One Year.
  • Page 31
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  • Page 32
    Table XI.— Grouped Occupations of Males aged 10 Years and Upwards, with Causes of Death, in 1905.
    Total Occupied and Unoccupied. Retired or Unoccupied. Engaged in Occupations.Total Deaths, 1905.Infectious Diseases.Septic.Phthisis.Other Tubercular.Bronchitis.Pneumonia.Other Respiratory.Alcoholism.Cirrhosis of Liver.Other Digestive Diseases.Rheumatic Fever.Valvular Disease.Other Circulatory.Insanity.Other Nervous.Cancer.Diabetes.Bright's Disease.Suicide.Accident.Other CausesOld Age.
  • Page 33
    Table XI. continued.—Occupations of Females over 10, with Causes of Death, 1905.
    Total Deaths.Infectious Diseases.Septic.Phthisis.Other Tubercular.Bronchitis.Pneumonia.Other Respiratory Diseases.Alcoholism.Cirrhosis of Liver.Other Digestive Diseases.Rheumatic Fever.Valvular Diseases.Other Circulatory Diseases.Insanity.Other Nervous Diseases.Cancer.Diabetes.Bright's Disease.Suicide.Accident.Other Causes.Old Age.
  • Page 34
    Vaccination Statistics.
    1904. Union.Births.Died Unvaccinated.Successfully Vaccinated.Insusceptible.Vaccination Postponed.Conscientious Objectors.Removed and Vaccination Officer Informed.Not Found. Removed to Address Unknown.
  • Page 35
    The following is a summary of the total primary vaccinations performed in the City during 1901, 1902, 1903, 1904 and 1905, and of re-vaccinations, in so far as these were made by the Public Vaccinators
    Union.Primary Vaccinations under 14 years of Age.Revaccination.
    1901.1902.1903.1901.1905.1901.1902.1903.1904.1905.
  • Page 35
    The number of deaths per 100 cases works out at 2.8 for the county, but for the City the rate, 4'05, was higher than it has been in the previous four years.
    1901.1902.1903.1904.1905.
  • Page 36
    The death-rate per 1,000 persons living was 0.12 in London, and 0.085 in Westminster.
    Scarlet Fever, 1905.Conduit.Grosvenor.Hamlet of Knigbtsbridge.Knightsbridge St. George.Victoria.St. Margaret.St. John.
  • Page 36
    Notification of Diphtheria Cases Received in each Month of the Years 1901, 1902, 1903, 1904 and 1905.
    January.February.March.April.May.June.July.August.September.October.November.December.Total.
  • Page 37
    City of Westminster. Table XII.—Local Government Board Table C.— Cases of Infectious Disease Notified during the 52 weeks ending 30th December, 1905.
    Notifiable Diseases.Cases Notified in the City of Westminster.Total Cases Notified in each Ward.Number of Cases Removed to Hospital from each Ward.
    At all Ages.At Ages—Years.Conduit.Grosvenor.Knightsbridge St. George.Victoria.St. Margaret.St. John.Hamlet of Knightsbridge.Pall Mall.Regent.Great Marlborough.Charing Cross.Covent Garden.Strand.St. Anne.Conduit.Grosvenor.Knightsbridge St. George.Victoria.St. Margaret.St. John.Hamlet of Knightsbridge.Pall Mall.Regent.Great Marlborough.Charing Cross.Covent Garden.Strand.St. Anne.Total.
    0 to 1.1 to 5.5 to 15.15 to 25.25 to65.65 and upwards.
  • Page 38
    Table XIII.— Infectious Diseases Notified, 1890.1905, in London.
    Year.Smallpox.Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria and Croup.Enteric Fever.Typhus Fever.Other Continued Fevers.Puerperal Fever.Erysipelas.Cholera.Relapsing Fever.Totals.
  • Page 38
    In the City of Westminster.
  • Page 38
    Case.rates per 10,000 Living in London.
    Year.Smallpox.Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria.Enteric.Typhus.Other Continued Fevers.PuerperalErysipelas.
  • Page 38
    In the City of Westminster.
  • Page 40
    The distribution according to Wards is given in Table XII.
    Diphtheria.1901.1902.1903.1904.1905.
  • Page 44
    The City of Westhinsteb.
    Year.Pulmonary.Abdominal.Meningeal.Other.Total.
    Deaths.Hates.Deaths.Rates.Deaths.Rates.Deaths.Rates.Deaths.Rates.
  • Page 45
    The figures are then:—
    Year.Pulmonary Tuberculosis.Total Tubercular Rates.
    County.City.County.City.
  • Page 45
    The tubercular rates per 100,000 for each ward are:—
    l2345G7
    The City.Conduit.Grosvenor.Hamlet of Kuightsbridge.Knight abridge St. George.Victoria.St, Margaret.
  • Page 47
    The places of death were as follows:—
    Pulmonary Consumption.Other Forms.Total.
  • Page 48
    Occupations of Adult Males and of Husbands or Parents of Persons who died from Tubercular Disease on the 5 years 1901-5.
    Occupation.Adult Males.Wives and Children of.Occupation.Adult Males.Wives and Children of.
  • Page 50
    Deaths from Tubercular Diseases, Years 1901–05.
    Causes of Death.Ages.All Ages.
    0—1—5—10—15—20—25—35—45—55—65—75—85—
  • Page 51
    The deaths calculated on the total population were:—
    1901.1902.1903.1901.1905.
  • Page 51
    As 42 of the deaths in Westminster, and the bulk of those in London, occurred in children under five years of age, it affords a better comparison to calculate the deaths on the number of children estimated to be living under five years of age:—
    1901.1902.1903.1904.1905.
  • Page 52
    By this method no interruptions need take place in the studies of the elder children even if there is measles among the younger members of the family.
    Measles.Whooping Cough.Measles.Whooping Cough.
  • Page 52
    The deaths calculated on the total population are:—
    1901.1902.1903.1904.1905.
  • Page 53
    Calculated on the number of children under five years of age, the rates per 1,000 werw:-
    1901.1902.1903.1904.1905.
  • Page 53
    In the City the deaths were much fewer in number than in 1904. During the last five years the deaths in the City have been as follows:—
    1901.1902.1903.1904.1905.
  • Page 54
    The following list shows how far notification was carried out and the cases notified:—
    School.Actual Cases.Infection in House.Other Causes.
    Chicken-pox.Measels.Mumps.Whooping-cough.Chicken-pox.Measels.Mumps.Whooping-cough.
  • Page 54
    The infants' department of the following schools were closed on account of infection during the year:—
  • Page 55
    Copies of 442 certificates relating to teachers or children attending at the following schools notified to be suffering from illness during 1905, were sent to school teachers during 1905:—
    School.Small Pox.Scarlet Fever.DiphtheriaEnteric Fever.
  • Page 59
    The result of the 132 examinations were as follows:—
  • Page 60
    The following table gives a comparative statement of the above work during the past five years:—
    1901.1902.1903.1904.1905.
  • Page 62
    Below is a list of details of the work done in connection with insanitary conditions in dwelling-houses. In many cases some of the work specified was in premises part of which was occupied as workshops :—
    1905.1905.
  • Page 63
    It was necessary to take police-court proceedings to enforce statutory notices in three cases only. These were:—
    Date.Place.Offence.Result of Proceedings.
  • Page 63
    Removal of Offensive Refuse.—Three persons were cautioned and three were prosecuted for infringement of the by-laws with respect thereto. The latter were summoned for removing the refuse during prohibited hours, and had been cautioned on a previous occasion.
    Date.Name and Address of Defendant.Result of Proceedings.
  • Page 65
    Proportional Amount of Organic Impurities in Waters.
    Kent.New River.Lambeth.South wark.Grand Junction.West Middlesex.East London.Chelsea.
  • Page 65
    The rainfall recorded in Westminster in each month was:—
  • Page 68
    The following is a summary of the work done in connection therewith:—
    North District.South District.Total.
  • Page 68
    The result of the police-court proceedings under the Public Health (London) Act was :—
    Date.Name and Address of Defendant.Result of Proceedings.
  • Page 69
    The following shows the state of the registers at the end of 1905:—
    Number.Number of Inspections.
  • Page 69
    An idea of the nature of the workshops in which women are employed may be gathered from the following list of 837 places which came under the attentioivof the women sanitary inspectors in 1905:—
  • Page 70
    Defects found.
    Particulars.Number of Defects.Number of Prosecutions.
    Found.Notified by Home Office.Remedied
  • Page 71
    Other Matters.
    Class.Number.
  • Page 72
    The following table gives particulars of the outworkers whose addresses were received in 1905:—
    Nature of Employment.Number of Employers who sent Lists.Number of Outworkers.Addresses of Outworkers.Number of Residents in the City.
    Sent to other Authorities.Received from other Authorities.
  • Page 74
    Articles of Food Submitted.
    Tons.Cwts.Lbs.Tons.Cwts.Lbs.
  • Page 81
    Sale ok Food and Drugs Acts. Samples Purchased under the Sale of Food and Drugs Acts, showing result of Analysis and subsequent Proceedings.
    Number.Articles of Food.Number of Samples Purchased.Genuine. (In-ferior in brackets.)Adulterated.Prosecutions.Convictions.Warranty or Disclosure.Fines.Costs.
  • Page 82
    The official standard is 3 per cent. for fat and 8.5 for solids not fat.
    District.Total.Good Quality.Fair Quality.Poor Quality.Adulterated.
    No.Percent.No.Pereent.No.Per cent.No.Per cent.
  • Page 88
    As a result of the persistent complaints of this Council and other local authorities, the Local Government Board during 1905 set aside one of their Inspectors to inquire into the question of food inspection and food adulteration, with special attention to the "warranty" question, and it is possible therefore that something may he done to strengthen the Acts dealing with pure food, and at the same time give protection to the honest tradesman.
    Date of Hearing.Court and Magistrate.Name and Address of Defendant.Offence.Result.
    12345
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    Date of Hearing.Court and Magistrate.Name and Address of Defendant.Offence.Result.
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    Date of Hearing.Court and Magistrate.Name and Address of Defendant.Offence.Result.
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    Date of Hearing.Cout and Magistrate.Name and Address of Defendant.Offence.Result.
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    Date of Hearing.Court and Magistrate.Name and Address of Defendant.Offence.Result.
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    Date of Hearing.Court and Magistrate.Same and Address of Defendant.Offence.Result.
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