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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

Kensington 1936

[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Kensington Borough]

Published
1937
Pages
92
Tables
106

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106 tables in this report

  • Page 4
    From this latter figure, the inhabitants in the different wards of the borough have been estimated to be as shown in the following table:—
  • Page 4
    Marriages. During the year, 2,077 marriages were registered, representing a rate of 11.7 marriages per 1,000 of the population. The place of marriage is set out in the following: table:—
  • Page 4
    Births. The number of births registered was 2,228, after correction for inward and outward transfers ; and the birth rate for the borough was 12-7 per 1,000 population. Distributed according to sex and legitimacy the births were as follows:—
    Male.Female.Total.
  • Page 4
    Table showing the number of births and the birth rates in England and Wales, London, Kensington, and the various districts in the borough in 1936, and the rates for the previous five years:—
    District.1936.Birth rates in previous years.
    No. of births.Birth rate.19351934193319321931
  • Page 5
    The decline in the birth rate in Kensington since 1881, which is similar to that taking place throughout the country, is shown in the following table:—
    Period.Birth rate per 1,000 population.
  • Page 5
    The following table indicates the source of notification and the kinds of births notified:
    Source of notification.Number of births notified.
    Still births.Live births.Total births.
  • Page 5
    Percentage of births in Kensington notified during the past five years, in accordance with the Notification of Births Act, 1907:—
    Year.Percentage.
  • Page 6
    The following table shows the number of deaths and the death rates in England and Wales, London, Kensington and the various districts in the borough in 1936, and the rates for the previous five years:—
    District.1936Death rates in previous years.
    No. of deaths.Death rate.193519341933193219311930
  • Page 6
    The following table shows the Kensington death rates since 1896:—
    Period.Death rate per 1,000 living.
  • Page 7
    Causes of Death.—The following list shows certain causes of death which are important in themselves or from the fact that they contributed a considerable share to the total mortality for the year:—
    Cause of death.Number of deaths.
  • Page 7
    The parts of the body which were affected in each case are shown in the following table:— Deaths from Cancer, 1936.
    Parts affected.Sex.Total.
    Male.Female.
  • Page 7
    The deaths in the several wards, etc., are set out in the following table:—
  • Page 8
    Table showing the number of deaths in 1936 from certain diseases of public health importance, arranged in four-weekly periods.
    Four weeks endingScarlet fever.Whooping cough.Diphtheria.Influenza.Phthisis.Cancer.Bronchitis.Pneumonia.Diarrhoeaand enteritis.
  • Page 8
    The following table gives the births and the infant death rates in England and Wales, London, Kensington and the various wards of the borough for the year 1936, and the infant death rates for the previous four years:—
    District.1936.Infant mortality rates in previous four years.
    No. of births.No. of deaths of children under 1 year of age.Infant mortality rate.1935193419331932
  • Page 9
    Infant Mortality Rates, 1896-1936.
    Period.England and Wales.London.Kensington.
  • Page 9
    The number of deaths of Kensington infants occurring in each month during 1936.
  • Page 9
    Causes of, and ages at, deaths of infants under one year of age in Kensington during 1936.
    Causes of death.Under 1 week.1-2 weeks.2-3 weeks.3-4 weeks.Total 4 weeks1—3 months.3—6 nonths.6—9 nonths.9—12 months.Total infant deaths under1 year.
  • Page 10
    Deaths in Quarters of the Year.
    Disease.1st.2nd.3rd.4th.Total.
  • Page 12
    The work performed by the bacteriologist during 1936 was as follows:—
    Disease suspected.Examinations.Positive.
  • Page 13
    The following is a record of the work carried out by the child life protection visitor:—
  • Page 13
    The following is a table of cases attended and visits paid by nurses of the Association on behalf of the council from the 1st January to the 31st December, 1936:—
    Cases.Visits.
  • Page 14
    The work performed at the hospital during 1930 was as follows:—
  • Page 14
    The beds are allocated as follows:—
  • Page 14
    The following are figures of work done during 1936.
  • Page 15
    Rheumatism Supervisory Centre. The record of work carried out at the centre during 1936 is as follows:—
  • Page 15
    School Treatment Centres. There is in Notting Dale a school treatment centre managed by a sub-committee of the Princess Louise Hospital board of management, and the work performed there during 1936 was as follows:—
    New cases.Total attendances.
  • Page 15
    A school treatment centre has also been established at the baby clinic premises in Tavistock Road, and the record of work for 1936 is as follows:—
    New cases.Total attendances.
  • Page 15
    In addition there is a school treatment centre at the Princess Louise Kensington Hospital for Children, and the particulars of the cases treated there during 1936 are as follows:—
    Cases.
  • Page 15
    Vaccination. There were 2,344 births in 1935 reported to the vaccination officer by the registrars of births. By the 31st December, 1936, 63.2 per cent. of these had been vaccinated. The other 36.8 per cent. are accounted for as follows;-
  • Page 16
    Table showing number examined and defects found.
    Number examinedBoys.Girls.
    Entrants.Age 7.Age 11.Age 14.Entrants.Age 7.Age 11.Age 14.
    761585654673710595678660
    Cases.*Cases.*Cases.*Cases.*Cases.*Cases.*Cases.*Cases.*
  • Page 16
    Table showing the conditions in regard to clothing, nutrition, cleanliness, teeth and vision of the children examined.
    Age Groups.Number examined.Clothing and boots.Nutrition.Cleanliness of head.Cleanliness of body.Teeth.Vision.
    Good.Fair.Poor.Good.Average.Below normal.Bad.Clean.Nits.Pediculi.Clean.Dirty.Pediculi.All sound.Less than 4 decayed.Four or more decayed.6/6 in both eyes.6/9 in either or both eyes.6/12 or worsein either or both eyes.
  • Page 18
    Payments to Maternity and Child Welfare Institutions.
    £s.d.£s.d.
  • Page 19
    Sanitary Inspection. The following table shows a summary of the inspections,etc. carried out by the district and housing inspectiors during the year:-
    DESCRIPTION OF WORK.DISTRICT INSPECTORS.Housing Inspectors.Total
    1234567
  • Page 19
    The following table shows the number of notices which have been issued in respect of nuisances, defects, etc., found during the year:—
    DISTRICT INSPECTORS.Housing Inspec. tors.Total
    1234567
  • Page 20
    Summary of works completed under the supervision of the district and housing inspectors during the year:—
    DESCRIPTION OF WORK.DISTRICT INSPECTORS.Housing Inspectors.Total.
    1234567
  • Page 21
    Summary of Legal Proceedings taken in 1936.
    Offence.No. of summonses.Magistrate's decision.
  • Page 22
    The following table gives particulars of the condition of water when the samples were taken, the sites from which the samples were taken, and the total cell-counts of organisms found in the samples. Samples were obtained from about 2 feet below the surface of the water, those from the inlet (shallow end) and outlet (deep end) about 6 feet from the grating. The samples taken for direct culture were removed by pipette from near the side of the bath :—
    Bath.Date of taking sample.Condition of water.Site in bath from which sample was taken.Total cell-count of organisms per c.c. of water.
  • Page 23
    The total numbers of bathers using the swimming baths and slipper baths in the last five years are shown in the following table:—
    Year.Bathers.
  • Page 23
    The numbers of women using the washtubs in the last five years are shown in the following table:—
    Year.Washers.
  • Page 25
    FACTORY AND WORKSHOPS. The following table shows the trades and occupations carried on in registered workshops and factories where men are employed:-
    Trade or business.Workshops.Factories.Total.
  • Page 26
    Factories and workshops where women are employed.—The following table shows the various trades and occupations carried on in registered workshops and factories where women are employed :—
    Trade or business.Workshops.Factories.Total.
  • Page 27
    The nature of the work given out to the166 home workers on the register is as follows :—
  • Page 27
    Home Office Tables. The following tables contain a summary of the inspections made and the defects found and remedied in workshops and factories within the borough where men, women, or young persons are employed:— I.—Inspections.
    Premises.Number of
    Inspections.Written notices.Prosecutions.
  • Page 27
    II.—Defects Found.
    Number of defects.Number of prosecutions.
    Particulars.Found.Remedied.Referred to H.M. Inspector.
  • Page 29
    The work performed by the council's women health officers during 1936 in regard to maternity and child welfare is summarised in the following table :—
    Description of work.Health officers.
    No. 1No. 2No. 3No. 4No. 5No. 6No. 7No. 8Total.
  • Page 30
    The work done at these institutions during1936 is shown in the following table :—
    Particulars of work done.Bramley Road.Campden Hill.Dalgarno.Golborne.Kenley Street.Lancaster Road.Raymede.South Kensington.Totals.
  • Page 31
    TABLE SHOWING THE DENTAL TREATMENT PERFORMED AT THE CENTRES IN 1936.
    Centre.Patients.AttendancesExtractions.Fillings.Dentures.Other treatments.
  • Page 32
    Statement of work done during last five years.
    19321933193419351936
  • Page 33
    On the 1st April, 1937, the borough council, at the request of the voluntary committee, assumed financial control of this institution.
    The following are the records for 1936:—
  • Page 33
    The following is the record for 1936 :—
  • Page 34
    Massage and Electrical Treatment Centre. Massage and electrical treatment is undertaken at the Princess Louise Kensington Hospital for Children, and the following is a record of the work conducted thereat during 1936 :—
  • Page 35
    The following table shows a record of children's attendances at the day nurseries in 1936 :
    Golborne.Lancaster Road.Notting Hill.St. Clement's.Totals.
  • Page 36
    The following table gives particulars of the dried milk supplied at cost price :—
    Name of welfare centre at which the dried milk was distributed.No. of 1-lb. packets sold.Value of milksold.
  • Page 37
    The following is a record of the work of the health lecturer during 1936:—
    Lecturesgiven.Individual mothers attending.Attendances.Average attendance at lecture.
  • Page 38
    The following table gives particulars of the clearance areas dealt with since 1930 :—
    Name of area.Date of declaration.Action taken by council.Number of premises on site.Number of persons originally living on site.Position at end of 1936.
  • Page 40
    The following is a record of the principal works carried out:—
  • Page 42
    The following table shows the action taken during 1936 in respect of unfit parts of houses :—
    Outside improvement areas.Inside improvement areas.
  • Page 42
    Individual Unfit Houses Repairable At Reasonable Cost. Section 17—Housing Act, 1930 (now Section 9—Housing Act, 1936). The following table gives a summary of the action taken and the results obtained during the 12 months pnripri 31st December. 1936 :—
    Outside improvement areas.Inside improvement areas.Totals.
  • Page 43
    Table I.
    Where a house consists of :—
  • Page 43
    Table II.
    Where the floor area of a room is :—
  • Page 44
    The following table shows the amount of overcrowding existing in each ward of the borough at the beginning of 1936 as revealed by the overcrowding survey.
    Ward.Total families investigated.Families overcrowded.Families not overcrowded.
  • Page 45
    Public Health (London) Act, 1936. The number of written intimation notices served in respect of defects or nuisances in dwellings was 1,282. In the vast majority of cases the work required was carried out without further action on the part of the council, but it was necessary to issue 206 statutory notices and 42 final notices; and three summonses were eventually served. The following list shows the major improvements secured:—
  • Page 46
    Common Lodging Houses. Common lodging houses must be licensed annually, and the 30th June of each year has been fixed by the council as the date of the expiration of each licence. The following table shows the licensed common lodging houses and the accommodation available on the 1st January, 1936 :—
    Ward.Name of registered keeper.Address of common lodging house.No. of lodgers for which licensed.
    Male.Female.Total.
  • Page 46
    Housing Accommodation provided by the Borough Council. The following is a list of the properties owned and managed by the borough council:—
    Situation of properties.No. of houses or flats.
  • Page 47
    The following table shows the estimated number of families to be displaced as the result of completing the council's existing housing programme :—
  • Page 49
    Average composition of formal milk samples taken in 1936.
    Months.Number of formal samples taken.Average composition of all samples submitted, genuine and adulterated.Average composition ofgenuine samples.Ministry of Agriculture standard.
    Percentage of milk fat.Percentage of solids not fat.Percentage of milk fat.Percentage of solids not fat.Percentage of milk fat.Percentage of solids not fat.
  • Page 50
    The following table has been prepared to show the number of samples of good, fair and poor quality milk, all of genuine composition, taken during each quarter of the year :— Classification of genuine milk samples according to quality.
    Period.Good quality.Fair quality.Poor quality.Total.
  • Page 50
    Milk and Dairies (Amendment) Act, 1922, and Milk and Dairies Order, 1926.—A summary of the alterations made in the register of dairymen and dairies during 1936, and the number of persons and dairies registered at the end of the year is shown in the following table :—
    Purveyors of milk in sealed bottles.Dairymen.Dairies and milkshops.
  • Page 51
    The licences granted in 1936 were as follows :—
  • Page 51
    During the year, 11 samples of Certified milk, five of Grade A (Tuberculin Tested) milk, and thirty-eight of Pasteurised milk were taken for the purpose of ascertaining whether they complied with the bacteriological standards laid down in the Milk (Special Designations) Order, 1923, which are as follows:—
    Special grade of milk.Maximum number of bacteria permitted per c.cStandard for bacillus coli.
  • Page 51
    The results of the examinations are shown in the following tables:— Certified Milk.
    Sample collected onBacteria per1 c.c.Coli per l/10th c.c.Sample collected onBacteria per 1 c.c.Coli per l/10th c.c.
  • Page 51
    The above results, except that marked with an asterisk, were forwarded to the Minister of Health, at whose request the samples were taken. Grade A (Tuberculin Tested) Milk.
    Sample collected onBacteria per 1 c.c.Coli per l/100th c.c.Sample collected onBacteria per 1 c.c.Coli per l/100th c.c.
  • Page 52
    The following is a summary of the alterations made in the council's register of food premises during 1936:—
    On register Dec. 31, 1935.Added to register during 1936.On register Dec. 31, 1936.
  • Page 54
    Particulars of formal and informal samples collected are as follows:—
    Nature of sample.Formal.Informal.
    Number taken.Number adulterated.Number taken.Number adulterated.
  • Page 55
    Continued from previous page...
    Nature of sample.Formal.Informal.
    Number taken.Number adulterated.Number taken.Number adulterated.
  • Page 55
    The following is a summary of the results of analyses of the 68 adulterated formal and informal samples, together with a record of the action taken by the council:—
    Article analysed.Nature and amount of adulteration.Action taken.
  • Page 56
    Continued from previous page...
    Article analysed.Nature and amount of adulteration.Action taken.
  • Page 58
    The minimum percentage of named fruit in jams of first quality is as follows:—
  • Page 63
    The following is a summary of the works which have been required :—
    1935.1936.
  • Page 63
    the notices served. The following is a summary of the works required in shops under the PubJ Health Act:—
    1935.1936.
  • Page 64
    Table showing Notifications of certain Infectious Diseases received in 1932-36.
    Year.Smallpox.Scarlet fever.Diphtheria.Enteric fever.Erysipelas.Ophthalmia neonatorum.Puerperal fever.Puerperal pyrexia.Pneumonia.Malaria.Encephalitis lethargica.P.m'itis & polioencephalitis.‡ Acute rheumatism.Cerebro spinal meningitis.Dysentery.*Enteritis.Total.
  • Page 64
    Table showing Cases of Infectious Diseases occurring in 1936, arranged in Four-Weekly Periods (29th December, 1935 to 2nd January, 1937).
    Four Weeks endingSmallpox.Scarletfever.Diphtheria.Enteric fever.Erysipelas.Ophthalmia neonatorum.Puerperal fever.Puerperal pyrexia.Pneumonia.Malaria.Encepha-litis lethargica.Polio myelitis.Acute rheumatism.Cerebro spinal meningitis.Dysent-cry.Enteritis.Total.
  • Page 65
    Table showing the number of cases of infectious disease notified in the various age periods and wards; the number admitted to hospital; and the total deaths from these diseases in 1936.
    Notifiable Disease.Number of cases notified.Total cases notified in each ward.Cases admitted to hospital.Total deaths.
    At allagesAt ages.—Years.St. Charles.Golborne.Norland.:Pembridge.Holland.Earl's Court.Queen's Gate.Redcliffe.Brompton.
    Under 1.1 to 2.2 to 3.3 to 4.4 to 5.5 to 10.10 to 15.15 to 20.20 to 35.35 to 45.45 to 65.65 and over.
  • Page 66
    Ophthalmia Neonatorum.—The following table gives particulars of ophthalmia cases notified and the results of treatment:—
    Case. No.Cases.Vision unimpaired.Vision impaired.Total blindness.Death.
    Notified.Treated.
    At home.In hospital.
  • Page 68
    Cleansing of Verminous Persons. The cleansing of verminous persons is carried out at the medicinal baths, Blechynden Mews. The record of work done is as follows:—
    Scabies.Vermin.Impetigo.Other conditions.
    Persons.Cleansings.Persons.Cleansings.Persons.Cleansings.Persons.Cleansings.
  • Page 70
    The following is a summary of the work of disinfestation carried out by the council's officers during the year:— Kensington Dwellings.
    Premises.Rooms.
  • Page 70
    Furniture in transit from Old to New Homes.
    Kensington.Marylebone.Willesden.Fulham.Holborn.Hammersmith.
  • Page 70
    The weight of furniture removed and treated by hydrogen cyanide was 432 tons 9 cwts., comprised as follows:—
    Tons.Cwts.Qrs.
  • Page 70
    The bedding in connection with the above removals weighed 35 tons 5 cwts. 1 qr. 15 lb., and this was treated by steam at the council's disinfecting station. The articles treated by steam were as follows:—
  • Page 71
    Disinfection after Infectious Diseases, etc. SUMMARY OF WORK CARRIED OUT BY THE DISINFECTING STAFF DURING 1936.
    Nature of infection.Premises disinfected.Rooms disinfected.Disinfections at Wood Lane.No. of articles disinfected.
  • Page 71
    The following table shows the number of cases of tuberculosis in the various parts of the borough on the 31st December, 1936, and the number of cases notified for the first time during the year:—
    Cases in the borough on 31st December, 1936.New cases notified during 1936.
  • Page 72
    The following table gives the age and sex distribution of the cases notified for the first time during the year, and the age and sex distribution of the deaths during the year:—
    New cases.Deaths.
    Respiratory.Non-respiratoryRespiratory.Non-respiratory
    M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.
  • Page 73
    The following table shows the sources of the new notifications during the year:—
    Cases.
  • Page 73
    The following table shows the number of cases added to and the number removed from the notification register during the year:—
    Respiratory.Non-respiratory.Totals.
    Males.Females.Males.Females.
  • Page 73
    Deaths.—During the year there has been an increase over 1935 in the number of deaths registered. It must be remembered, however, that the returns for 1935 were exceptionally low.
    Years.Respiratory tuberculosis.Non-respiratory tuberculosis.Tuberculosis (all forms).
    Deaths.Deaths per 100,000 persons living.Deaths.Deaths per 100,000 persons living.Deaths.Deaths per 100,000 persons living.
  • Page 74
    Deaths from Tuberculosis in 1936 Allocated to District of Usual Residence of Patients.
    Respiratory tuberculosis.Non-respiratory tuberculosis.
  • Page 74
    The places where the deaths from tuberculosis occurred are set forth in the following list:—
    Respiratory tuberculosis.Non -respiratory tuberculosis.
  • Page 75
    An analysis of the register of the patients under dispensary supervision is shown in the following table:—
    Condition at the time of the last record made during the year to which the return relatesRespiratoryNon-respiratory
    Previous to 19361936Previous to 19361936
    ClassT.B. minusClass T.B. plusClassT.B. minusClass T.B. plusBones and jointsAbdominalOther organsPeripheral glandsTotalBones and jointsAbdominalOther organsPeripheral glandsTotal
    Group 1Group 2Group 3Total (Class T.B. plus)Group 1Group 2Group 3Total (Class T.B. plus)
  • Page 76
    The following table shows the new cases sent up to the dispensary during the year, classified according to their ultimate diagnosis:—
    Adults.Children under 15 yrs.Total.
    Males.Females.Males.Females.
  • Page 78
    Home Nursing. The cases of tuberculosis attended and the visits .paid by the nurses of the Kensington district nursing association during the past five years are shown in the following table :—
  • Page 79
    By the end of September, 1936, notification had been in force for nine years, and the following table shows the notifications received and their source :—
    Year.NUMBER OF NOTIFICATIONS BY—Total number of notifications.Total number of patients notified in the year who attended the rheumatism supervisory centre.
    Medical officers at rheumatism supervisory centre.Private practitioners.School medical officers.Hospitals and other institutions.
  • Page 83
    APPENDIX II. TABLE I. Vital statistics of whole district for 1936 and previous years.
    Year.Population estimated to middle of each year.Births.Total deathsregistered in the district.TransferabledeathsNet deaths belonging to the district
    Uncorrected number.Net.of nonresidents registeredin the district.of residents not registeredin the district.Under 1 year of age.At all ages.
    Number.Rate.*Number.Rate.*Number.Rate per 1,000 netNumber.Rate.*
    12346678910111213
  • Page 84
    TABLE II. Causes of Death at Different Periods of Life in 1936.
    Causes of Death.Sex.All ages.Under 1 year.1 and under 2 years.2 and under 5 years.5 and under 15 years.15 and under25 years.25 and under 35 years.35 and under 45 years.45 and under 55 years.55 and under 66 years.65 and under 76 years.76 and upward
  • Page 85
    TABLE III. Infant Mortality during the Year 1936. Net Deaths from stated Causes, at Various Ages under One Year of Age.
    Cause of Death.Under 1 week.1-2 weeks.2-3 weeks.3-4 weeks.Total under 4 weeks.1-3 months.3-6 months.6-9 months.9-12 months.Total deaths underone year.
  • Page 86
    TABLE IV. The Work of the Women Health Officers for the Year 1936.
    HEALTH OFFICERS.total
    *12345678
  • Page 87
    TABLE V. Vaccination Officer's Return respecting the Vaccination of Children whose Births were Registered in 1935.
    DATE.Registration sub-districts comprised in vaccination officer's district.Number ofbirths returned in birth list sheets.Number of these births duly entered in columns 1, 2, 4, and 5 of the vaccination register (birth list sheets), viz. :Number of these births which are not entered in the vaccination register, on account (as shown by report book) ofTotal number of certificates of successful vaccination received during the calendar year, 1936.
    Column I. successfully vaccinatedColumn II.Column V.dead, unvacci-nated.Postponement by medical certificate.Removal to other districts and notified to vaccination officers ofthe districts.Removal to places unknown, or which cannot be reached, and cases not having been found.Not accounted for.
    1935.Insusceptible of vaccinationCertificate ofconscientious objection.