London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972

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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

St Pancras 1894

Thirty-ninth annual report of the Medical Officer of Health on the vital and sanitary condition of the Borough of Saint Pancras, London

Published
1895
Author
Sykes, John F. J.
Pages
98
Tables
76

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76 tables in this report

  • Page 12
    METEOROLOGY OF LONDON, 1894.
    Barometer.Temperature.Daily range of Temperature.Degree of Humidity.Rainfall.
    Periods.Mean Inches.Departure from AverageMean DegreesDeparture from Average.Mean Degrees.Departure from Average.Mean (Saturation — 100).Departure from Average.Amount in InchesDeparture from Average.
  • Page 13
    Births. — The number of births occurring in Public Institutions during the year 1894 was as follows: —
  • Page 13
    Deaths in Public Institutions.
    Sub-District,No. of Inmates.Parochial Institutions.Daily Average No. of Inmates.Deaths.
    Parishioners.Non-Parishione/#rs.Total.
  • Page 13
    Extra-Parochial Institutions. —Of certain Public Institutions situated outside the boundaries of St. Pancras, the daily average number of inmates belonging to St. Pancras housed bv them are as follows : —
  • Page 14
    POPULATION. As in previous Reports, the population of St. Pancras is regarded as stationary, and after correction and re-distribution is estimated as follows: —
  • Page 14
    The 18.2 births occurring in Public Institutions having been re-distributed according to population, the number of births and the birth-rate of each of the Sub-Districts and of the District were as follows : —
    Sub-Districts.Number of Births.Birth-rate.
  • Page 15
    The total number of Deaths and the Death-rates in the Sub-Districts are set out below, 204 deaths from all causes not referable to any particular Sub-Districts being distributed according to population :—
    Sub-Districts.Number of Deaths.Death-rate.
  • Page 15
    AGES AT DEATH. Under one year of age the number of deaths and the proportion per 1000 births and per 1000 total deaths were as follows :—
    Sub-Districts.Number of Deaths under 1 Year.Per 1000 Births.Per 1000 Deaths at all Ages.
  • Page 16
    Under five years of age the number of deaths and the proportion per 1000 births and per 1000 total deaths were as follows :—
    Sub-Districts.Number of Deaths under 5 Years.Per 1000 Births.Per 1000 Deaths at all Ages.
  • Page 16
    CAUSES OF DEATH.
  • Page 17
    The Notifiable Infectious Diseases. —The number of deaths from this group of diseases in the sub-Districts, and the proportions per 1000 of population and per 1000 of total deaths wore as follows: —
    Sub-Districts.Number.Per 1000 Population.Per 1000 Total Deaths.
  • Page 17
    The Principal Zymotic Diseases. —The number of deaths from this group of diseases in the Sub-Districts, and the proportions per 1000 of population and per 1000 of total deaths were as follows: —
    Sub-Districts.Number.Per 1000 Population.Per 1000 Total Deaths.
  • Page 18
    Phthisis. —This disease, as typical of the tubercular group of diseases, caused 457 deaths, compared to 458 in 1893, and also in 1892. The incidence of this disease in the Sub-Districts was as follows: —
    Sub-Districts.Number.Per 1000 Population.Per 1000 Total Deaths.
  • Page 18
    Bronchitis, Pneumonia, and Pleurisy. —These diseases, as typical of the respiratory group of diseases, caused 698 deaths, against 1,048 in 1893, and 1,144 in 1892, the incidence in the Sub-Districts having been as follows: —
    Sub Districts.Numbers.Per 1000 Population.Per 1000 total Deaths.
  • Page 19
    INQUESTS.
  • Page 19
    PUBLIC MORTUARIES.
  • Page 20
    NOTIFICATIONS. The number of cases of the Notifiable Infectious Diseases certified to your Medical Officer of Health during the year 1894, and the Sub-Districts in which they occurred, arc shown in the following table: —
    Population—1891 Census.Regent's Park, pop. 36,592.Tottenham Court, pop. 26,319.Gray's Inn Lane, pop. 27,418.Somers Town, pop. 32,811.Camden Town, pop. 15,461.Kentish Town, pop. 95,775.Total.
    Diseases.
  • Page 21 22
    SAINT PANCRAS, LONDON. Cases of Infectious Diseases Certified to the Medical Officer of Health during the Year 1894.
    MonthsJanuary.February.March.April.May.June.July.August.September.October.November.December.Total.Months.
    Weeks ending61320273101724310172431714212851219262918233071421284111825181522296132027310172418152229..Week ending.
    Number of the Week12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152..Number of the Week.
  • Page 25
    The Case-fatality —The following table gives the number of deaths from the Notifiable Infectious Diseases in the Sub-Districts of St. Pancras:—
    Diseases.Regent's Park, pop. 36,592Tottenham Court, pop. 26,319.Gray's Inn Lane, pop. 27,448.Somers Town, pop. 32,841.Camden Town, pop. 15,461.Kentish Town, pop. 95,775.Total.
    Population—1891 Census.
  • Page 25
    From the two preceding Tables the Case-fatality of each of the diseases appears as follows :—
    Cases.Deaths.per cent.
  • Page 26
    Annual Mortality per million living.
    DecennialEngland and Wales.London.
    Periods.Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria.Enteric Fever.Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria.Enteric Fever.
  • Page 27
    Annual Mortality from Diphtheria per 1000 living.
    Year.England and Wales.28 large Towns.London.
  • Page 28
    LONDON. —Annual Death-rates per million living.
    Year.Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria.Enteric Fever.
  • Page 29
    LONDON.—Deaths from Throat Diseases. (Extracted from tables of causes of deaths at different periods of life, male and female, in Registrar-General's Annual Reports.)
    Year.Total Throat Diseases.Diphtheria.Total Throat Diseases other than Diphtheria.Thrush.Croup.LaryngitisOther diseases of Larynx and Trachea.Sore Throat, Quinsy.*Estimated population.
  • Page 30
    LONDON.—Death-rates per million living per annum.
    Year.Diphtheria.Diseases of Throat other than Diphtheria.Total Diseases of Throat.Quinquennial Mean.
  • Page 32
    LONDON.—Annual Death-rates per Million Living.
    Year.Scarlet Fever,Diphtheria.Enteric Fever.
  • Page 32
    LONDON.—Deaths from Throat Diseases.
    Year.Total Throat Diseases.Diphtheria.Total Throat Diseases other than Diphtheria.Thrush.Croup.LaryngitisOther diseases of Larynx and Trachea.Sore Throat, Quinsy.Estimated population.
  • Page 33
    LONDON.—Death- rates per Million Living per Annum.
    Year.Diphtheria.Diseases of Throat other than Diphtheria.Total Diseases of Throat.Mean of Four Years.
  • Page 35
    ISOLATION; The cases of Notifiable Infectious Diseases removed to hospital, and the Sub-Districts whence they were removed, are recorded in the following table: —
    DiseasesRegent's Park.Tottenham Court.Gray's Inn Lane.Somers Town.Camden Town.Kentish Town.Totals.
  • Page 35
    The progressive increase in the number of infectious cases removed to hospital in each year since 1891, advances pari passu with the provision male by the Metropolitan Asylums Board.
    1891189218931894
  • Page 40
    RETURNS FOR THE SIX MONTHS, JULY TO DECEMBER, 1893.
    Registration Sub-Districts.Number of Births."Successfully" Vaccinated."Insusceptible."Had Smallpox.Number of Cases "Dead" Unvaccinated.Postponement by Medical Certificate.Removed to other places.Unvaccinated cases reported for prosecution.
  • Page 41
    RETURNS FOR THE SIX MONTHS, JANUARY TO JUNE, 1894.
    Registration Sub-Districts.Number of Births."Successfully" Vaccinated."Insusceptible."Had Smallpox.Number of Cases "Dead" Unvaccinated.Postponement by Medical Certificate.Removed to other places.Unvaccinated cases reported for prosecution.
  • Page 42
    OPEN SPACES. The parks, public gardens, and other open spaces secured against building operations in (St. Pancras, together with their situation, approximate area, and the authority under which they are maintained are enumerated, as ir. previous years, in the following table:—
    Sub-Districts.Density of Persons per acre, Census 1891.Garden or Open Space.Area.Maintaining Authority.
    A.R.P.
  • Page 43
    UNHEALTHY DWELLING HOUSES. Under the Housing of the Working Classes Act, 1890, Part II., the following houses were represented as unfit for human habitation:—
    Date of representation of Medical Officer of Health.Premises.Date and Resolution of Vestry.Date and decision of Magistrate.
  • Page 52
    He shall construct such soil pipe so that its weight, in proportion to its length and internal diameter, shall be as follows
    Lead.Iron.
    Diameter.Weight per 10 feet length. Not less thanWeight per 6 feet length. Not less than
  • Page 57
    The following are the numbers of the dust complaints received each quarter during the past four years:—
    1891.1892.1893.1894.
  • Page 60
    SUMMONSES Under the Public Health (London) Act, 1891, Metropolis Local Management Acts, Factory and Workshop Acts, and Housing of the Working Classes Act.
    Situation of Property.Offence.Result of Proceedings.
  • Page 61
    Continued from previous page...
    Situation of Property.Offence.Result of Proceedings.
  • Page 62
    The following food, unfit for human consumption, was seized during the year.
    Date.Description of Articles seizedRemarks.
  • Page 63
    ADULTERATED FOOD. Analyses. —Samples taken under the Sale of Food and Drugs Acts.
    Articles of Food of which samples have been taken.Divisions.Total.Remarks.
    South.East.West.North.
  • Page 64
    Summonses. —Under the Sale of Food and Drugs Acts.
    No.Nature of Article as Purchased.Result of Analysis.Result of Proceedings.
    Penalty.Costs.
    £s.d.£s.d.
  • Page 65
    Summonses —Under the Sale of Food and Drugs Acts, con.
    No.Nature of Article as Purchased.Result of Analysis.Result of Proceedings.
    Penalty.Costs.
    £s.d.£s.d.
  • Page 67
    Table No. 1. ST. PANCRAS SANITARY DISTRICT. Table showing the Population, Inhabited Houses, Marriages, Births, and Deaths, for the year 1894, and 10 years preceding. Gross Numbers.
    The Year.Estimated Population.No. of Inhabited Houses.MarriagesRegistered Births.Corrected No. of Deaths.Deaths of Parishioners in Public Institutions.
    Total All Ages.Under One Year.Under Five Years
  • Page 68
    Table No. 2. ST. PANCRAS SANITARY DISTRICT. Table showing the Annual Birth and Death Rates, Death Rates of Children, and Proportion of Deaths in Public Institutions in a Thousand Deaths for the Year 1894, and 10 Years preceding.
    In the Year.Birth Rate per 1,000 of Population.Corrected Death Rate per 1,000 of the Population.Deaths of Children under 1 year; 3 per 1,000 of Registered Births,Deaths of Children under 1 year; per 1,000 of Total Deaths.Deaths of Children under 5 years; per 1,000 of Total Deaths.Teaths of Parishioners in Public Institutions; per 1,000 of Total Deaths.
  • Page 69
    N ote.—The Deaths of Non-Residents occurring in Public Institutions situated in the District are excluded, and the Deaths of Residents occurring in Public Institutions situated beyond the limits of the District are included.
    AGES
    0 to 11 to 55 to 1515 to 2525 to 3535 to 4545 to 5555 to 6565 to 7575 to 8585 & upwardsTotalsUnder 5 years
  • Page 70
    Deaths Registered from all Causes during the Year ending 29 th December , 1894— continued.
    AGES.
    0 to 11 1 to 55 to 1515 to 2525 to 3535 to 4545 to 5555 to 6565 to 7575 to 8530 ana upwardsTotal.Under 5 years
  • Page 71
    Deaths Registered from all Causes during the Year ending December 29th, 1891— continued.
    ages.
    0 to 11 to 55 to 1515 to 2525 to 3535 to 4545 to 5555 to 6565 to 7575 to 8585and upwardsTotalunder 5 years
  • Page 72
    T able. N o. 3 b. SUMMARY OF DISEASES.
  • Page 72
    Table No. 3 c. Summary of Ages.
    0 to 1l to 55 to 1515 to 2525 to 3535 to 4545 to 5555 to 6565 to 7575 to 8535 and upwardsTotals.Under 5 Years
  • Page 73
    Table 4. ST. PANCRAS SANITARY DISTRICT. Showing the Number of Deaths at all ages in 1894, from certain groups of Diseases, and proportion to 1,000 of Population, and to 1,000 Deaths from all causes; also the Number of Deaths of Infants under one year of age from other groups of Diseases, and proportions to 1,000 Births and to 1,000 Deaths from all causes under one year.
    Division 1. (Adults).Deaths.Deaths per 1,000 of Population, at all ages.Deaths per 1,000 of Total Deaths at all ages.
  • Page 74
    ST. PANCRAS SANITARY DISTRICT. Table 5 a. Shewing the Number of Deaths from the principal Zymotic Diseases in the 10 years 1884 to 1893, and in the year 1894.
    Disease.1884188518861887188818891890189118921893Number of Deaths. Annual Average of 10 years, 1S84-93Proportion of Deaths to 1000 total Deaths in 10 years, 1884-93.Number of Deaths in 1894.Proportion of Deaths to 1000 total Deaths in 1894.
  • Page 75
    ST. PANCRAS SANITARY DISTRICT. Table 5 b. Shewing the Number of Deaths from the notifiable Infectious Diseases in the 10 years 1884 to 1893, and in the year 1894.
    Disease.1884188518861887188818891890189118921893Number of Deaths, Annual Average of 10 years, 1884-93.Proper tion of Deaths to 1000 total deaths in 10 years, 1884-93.Number of Deaths in 1894.Proportion of Deaths to 1000 total Deaths in 1691.
  • Page 76
    St. Pancras District and Sub-Districts. Table 6.— Population, Births, and Deaths from all Causes, classified according to ages and localities, occurring during the Year ending Saturday, 29th December, 1894.
    public institutions. Non-Parishioners in Public Institutions within the District are excluded. Parishioners in Public Institutions without the District are included. Parishioners in Public Institutions, whether within or without the District, are classified in the respective Sub-Districts of their previous residence.Regent's Park.Tottenham Court.Gray's Inn Lane.Somers Town.Camden Town.Kentish Town.No Address.Totals St. Pancras.
  • Page 77
    T able 7 A.— Infectious Diseases. S t. P ancras D istrict and S ub- D istricts. Table of cases of Infectious Sickness Vertified Notifications, classified according to diseases, ages, and localities, occurring during the Year ending Saturday, 29th December, 1894.
    PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS. Non-Parishioners in Public Institutions within the District are excluded. Parishioners in Public Institutions without the District are included. Parishioners in Public Institutions, whether within or without the District, are classified in the respective Districts of their previous residence.AGES.Regent's Park.Tottenham Court.Gray's Inn Lane.Somers Town.Camden Town.Kentish Town.No Address.Totals St. Pancras.Totals St. Pancras, All Ages.
  • Page 78
    Table of cases of Infectious Sickness Ambulance Removals, classified according to diseases, ages, and localities, occurring during the Year ending Saturday, 29th December, 1894.
    PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS. Non-Parishioners in Public Institutions within the District are excluded. Parishioners in Public Institutions without the District are included. Parishioners in Public Institutions, whether within or without the District, are classified in the respective Districts of their previous residence.AGES.Regent's Park.Tottenham Court.Gray's Inn Lane.Somers Town.Camden Town.Kentish Town.No Address.Totals St. Pancras.Totals St. Pancras, All Ages.
  • Page 79
    Table of eases of Infectious Sickness Certified Deaths, classified according to diseases, ages, and localities, occurring during the Year ending Saturday, 29 th December, 1894.
    PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS. Non-Parishioners in Public Institutions within the District are excluded. Parishioners in Public Institutions without the District are included. Parishioners in Public Institutions, whether within or without the District, are classified in the respective Sub-Districts of their previous residence.AGES.Regent's Park.Tottenham Court.Gray's Inn Lane.Somers Town.Camden Town.Keniish Town.No Address.Totals St. Pancras.Totals St. Pancras. All Ages.
  • Page 80
    Table of Deaths from certain Causes, classified according to diseases, ages, and localities, occurring during the Year ending Saturday, 29 th December , 1894.
    PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS. Non-Parishioners in Public Institutions within the District are excluded. Parishioners in Public Institutions without the District are included. Parishioners in Public Institutions, whether within or without the District, are classified in the respective Sub-Districts of their previous residence.AGES.Regents' Park.Tottenham CourtGray's Inn Lane.Somers Town.Camden Town.Kentish Town.No Address.Totals St. Pancras.Totals St. Pancras, All Ages.
  • Page 81
    TABLE shewing the N umber of Deaths from the principal Zymotic and certain other Diseases, the number of Deaths at various Ages, and the number of Births in the Sub-Districts for the year 1894. Births and Deaths not referable to any certain Sub-District, being re-distributed proportionately to the population.
    Sub-Districts.Notifiable Infectious Diseases.Measles.Whooping Cough.Diarrhæa and Dysentery.Rheumatic Fever.Ague.Phthisis.Bronchitis, Pneumonia and Pleurisy.Heart Disease.Injuries.All other Diseases.Deaths under one Year of Age.Deaths at 1 and under 5 Years of Age.Total Deaths under 5 Years of Age.Deaths at 5 and under 65 Years of Age.Deaths at 65 Years of Age.Deaths at all Ages and from all Causes.Births.Excess of Births over Deaths.
  • Page 82
    TABLE shewing the proportion of Deaths from the principal Zymotic and certain other Diseases, the proportion of Deaths at various Ages, and the proportion of Births to 1000 population in the Sub-Districts for the Year 1894.
    Sub-DistrictsEstimated Population, 1893.Notifiable Infectious Diseases.Measles.Whooping Cough.Diarrhæa and Dysentery.Rheumatic Fever.Ague.Phthisis.Bronchitis, Pneumonia and Pleurisy.Heart Disease.Injuries.All other Diseases.Under One Year.One and under 5 Years of Age.Total under 5 Years of Age.Five and under 65 Years of Age.65 Years of Age and over.At all Ages and from all Causes.Birth Rate.Excess of Birth Rate.
  • Page 83
    TABLE shewing the proportion of Deaths from the principal Zymotic Diseases and certain other Diseases, and the proportion of Deaths at various Ages to 1000 Total Deaths, in the Sub-Distiicts for the year 1894. Also the proportion of Deaths under one year, five years, and at all ages to 1000 Births.
    Sub-DistrictsTotal Number of Deaths, 1894.Notifiable Infectious Diseases.Measles.Whooping Cough.Diarrhæa and Dysentery.Rheumatic Fever.Ague.Phthisis.Bronchitis, Pneumonia, and Pleurisy.Heart Disease.Injuries.All other Diseases.Under one Year ot Age.One and under Five Years of Age.Total under Five Years of Age.Five and under 65 Years of Age.Sixty Five Years of Age and over.Per 11)00 Births.
    Total Number ofBirths, 1894.Deaths under One Year.Deaths at One and under Five Years.All Deaths under Five Years.Deaths at all Ages.
  • Page 84
    Sanitary Work Accomplished For the Year ending December 29 th, 1894, inclusive.
  • Page 85
    House-to-house Inspections.
    Name of Street.No, of Houses.No. of Rooms.No. of Dwellings and Families.No. of Persons.No. of Notices served.Remarks.
    OccupiedUnoccupiedOccupiedUnoccupiedAdultsChildren
  • Page 86
    Blocks of Houses constructed in separate and self-contained dwellings.
    Name and Situation of Buildings.Name and Address of Owner.Opened.No. of Rooms.No. of Lettings or Famines.Weekly Rents of Lettings.Accommodation.
    Adults.Children.Total.
  • Page 87
    Blocks of Houses constructed in separate and self-contained Dwellings.
    Name and Situation of Buildings,Name and Address of Owner.Opened.No. of Rooms.No. of Lettings or Families.Weekly Rent of Lettings.Accommodation.
    Adults.Children.Total.
  • Page 88
    REGISTERED COMMON LODGING-HOUSES-
    Situation.Accommodation.
  • Page 89
    LICENSED COW-HOUSES.
    Consecutive No.Situation.Name of Licensee.Registered amount of breathing space in cubic feet.No. of Cows Licensed for.
  • Page 90
    LICENSED SLAUGHTER HOUSES.
    Consecutive No.Situation.Name of Licensee.Remarks.
  • Page 91
    BAKEHOUSES.
    Consecutive No.Situations, Divisions, and Sub-Divisions.Name of Ocoupier, If closed, date since when.Whether floor is above or below ground level and distance.
  • Page 92
    List Y.— con. BAKEHOUSES— continued.
    Consecutive No.Situation, Divisions, and Sub-Divisions.Name of Occupier. If closed, date since when.Whether floor is above or below ground level, and distance.
  • Page 93
    List V.— con. BAKEHOUSES.— continued.
    Consecutive No.Situation, Divisions, and Sub-Divisions.Name of Occupier. If closed, date since when.Whether floor is above or below ground level, and distance.
  • Page 94
    List V.—-con. BAKEHOUSES— continued.
    Consecutive No.Situation, Divisions, and Sub-Divisions.Name of Occupier. If closed, date since when.Whether floor is above or below ground level, and distance.
  • Page 95
    List V.— con. BAKEHOUSES— continued.
    Consecutive No.Situation, Divisions, and Sub-Divisions.Name of Occupier. If closed, date since when.Whether floor is above or below ground level, and distance.
  • Page 96
    List V.— con. BAKEHOUSES— continued.
    Consecutivo No.Stations, Divisions, and Sub-Divisions.Name of Occupier. If closed, date since when.Whether floor is above or below ground level and distance.
  • Page 97
    List V.— con. BAKEHOUSES —c ontinued
    Consecutive No.Stations, Divisions, and Sub-Divisions.Name of Occupier. If closed, date since when.Whether floor is above or below ground level and distance.
  • Page 98
    Marine Stores
    Situation.Name of Occupier.
  • Page 99
    List VI.— con. MARINE STORES— continued.
    Situation.Name of Occupier.