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106
It is a custom locally for customers to attend the milking in order to obtain
warm milk from the cows and even to choose a particular cow. It will be seen
that from only one cow (B 42) would really good quality milk be obtained
and this cow had only recently been purchased.
The cows are milked at 4.30 a.m. and 1 p.m. representing unequal periods
of milking of 15½ hours and 8½ hours. The longer the interval between milking
the lower will be the percentage of fat in the milk. The same cows at the
afternoon milking would probably show an improvement in the percentage of
milk fat.
The legal standard is only a presumptive standard and any milk, however
poor, which is taken direct from the cow is regarded in law as genuine milk.
The mixed milk of normal, healthy, and properly fed dairy cows will invariably
pass the legal standard. If the milk be not adulterated then it is high time
that there should be a definite standard of quality to which milk must conform
before it is sold to the consumer.
Hospital, etc., Samples.—During the year 6 institutions have been
sampled in turn, a total of 19 samples being taken. None of the samples
were adulterated, though one was reported as "poor quality, slightly deficient
in solids-not-fat." The average composition was:—Milk fat 3.49 percent.
and solids-not-fat 8.08 per cent. These figures are lower than those obtained
for the average composition of the milk, including adulterated samples, sold
throughout the Borough during the year.
Bacteriological Examination of Milk.
The Milk (Special Designations Order, 1923) stated that milk may be sold
under certain special designations and laid down standards with which these
graded milks must comply. These designations and standards are:-
Certified Milk and Grade A Milk Pasteurised.—The milk must not contain
more than 30,000 organisms per c.c. and must not contain coliform bacillus
in 1 10 c.c.
Grade A (Tuberculin Tested) Milk and Grade A Milk.—The milk must
not contain more than 200,000 organisms per c.c. and must not contain coliform
bacillus in 1/100 c.c.
Pasteurised Milk.—The milk must not contain more than 100,000 organisms
per c.c.