London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972

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Fulham 1895

[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Fulham]

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107
(b) Fore-court unpaved, front room wall damp,brickwork defective,
wash-house plaster broken,yard paving bad,soil-pipe ventilator
closet pan cracked ,rear stack -pipe ventilator defective.
(c)Roof of back addition building defective, window defective and
work dilapidated, rear brickwork defective .
(d)Fore-cout and yard unpaved, wall of ground floor front and back room
very damp , rear brickwork defective, pointing defective ,rear doorway framewook
dilapidated
In another part of the district houses of somewhat older date were
seen which were of the same character as the above, but in these
owing to action on the part of the sanitary authority, defects have
been rectified and alterations effected, and most of the houses at the
time of my visit were in a fair state of repair.
During the course of my inspection of the district I visited 406
dwellings, and at 283 of them I found one or more defects existing.
I made notes of the following: —
Defective roofs In the case of 33 houses.
Infective drains or drain inlets 26
Defective water-closets or foul pans„ 102 "
Defective paving of yards and forecourts „ 92
Defective domestic water cisterns,, 36 „
Defective or absence of dustbins„ 100 „
Dirty or dilapidated walls and defective flooring „ 100 „
Damp walls ,, 86 „
Defective brickwork „ 30 „
Defective stack pipes and gutterings„ 17 „
Accumulations of house refuse „ 4 „
Generally speaking I found drain inlets to be well trapped, and
water-closets provided with separate cisterns for flushing purposes. In
many houses the drains were ventilated, properly trapped and disconnected
from the sewers, though in a few cases it was noticed that
ventilation of the soil pipe had been effected by means of a rain-water
stack pipe in such a way as to be liable to cause nuisance, owing to the
proximity of its upper end to an adjoining window.
With reference to the existence of overcrowding in dwellings,
instances were not wanting where this was found to exist as judged by
the standard adopted in the model by-laws of the Local Government
Board. These by-laws require that every room used both as day and
sleeping room shall be of such cubic capacity as to allow 400 cubic feet,
and every room used solely for sleeping, 300 cubic feet per person, two
children under ten years of age being regarded as equivalent to
one adult.
The following are notes which I made in connection with this
subject during my inspections:—
A top floor room of about 1,120 cubic feet, occupied as a living
room by a family consisting of father, mother, one adult , athere children.
A room of about 988 cubic feet, used both for sleep,ng and living by a family
of father, mother and three children. children
A family, consisting of father, mother, one adult child, and five children
occupying three small rooms, all sleep m one room of about 864 cubic teet.
This house was in a very defective condition. separate families. In
live and sleep. House dirty throughout,

been taking place during the last thirty years. The following Table gives the figures obtained at each census since 1861 —

Population,Houses (inhabited).
186115,5392,481
187123,3503,469
188142,9005.833
189191,63912,896

The density ot the population in rulham, as measured by the average number of inhabitants per acre and per inhabited house in the census year 1891 and previous censuses, was as follows :—

Per acre.Per inhabited house.
186196.2
1871146.7
1881257.3
1891547.1