Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Carshalton]
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Chemical analysis in parts per million
Total solid matter in solution (dried at 180°) 175
Combined chlorine 14.7
Nitric nitrogen 3.3
Nitrous nitrogen none
Ammonia, free 0.00
Ammonia, albuminoid 0.01
Oxygen absorbed from permanganate in 4 hours at 26.7 °C 0.03
Hardness—by acidimetric titration—Temporary 96
Permanent 34
Total 130
Reaction for free chlorine at time of receipt none
Iron and other metals absent
pH 7.5
Electric Conductivity at 20 °C 255 units
The water was bright and clear, slightly bluish in colour.
Bacteriological examination
Action by free chlorine during transit of the sample was prevented at
the time of sampling.
Number of colonies per ml. developing upon agar in 2 days at 37 °C 0
Number of colonies per ml. developing upon agar in 3 days at 22 °C 0
Organisms of the coliform group absent in 100 ml.
Streptococci absent do.
C1. welchii absent do.
This water is of very good organic purity and of moderate hardness and salinity.
In chemical composition it is similar to previous samples from the same source.
The water is attractive in appearance, free from contaminating metals, and there
was no residual chlorine at the time of receipt.
The bacteriological condition is excellent and, as judged by these samples, the
water is pure and wholesome and suitable for the public supply.
The average hardness of the samples taken by the local authorities
was 9.18°, compared with 9.32° in the year before. Nine exceeded 9° of
hardness and five were below.
Drainage and Sewerage
Sewage is pumped to the disposal works of the Croydon Corporation
in Beddington, except at various points on the fringes of the district, where
it is more conveniently drained to the sewage systems of neighbouring
authorities.
Surface drainage in the south is mainly by soakaways in the chalk;
elsewhere it is by surface sewers to the River Wandle.
During the year the work of piping-in the open ditch along Tweeddale
Road and behind Shaftesbury Road was completed throughout the whole
length to its junction with the River Wandle. A small length of 24" surface
water sewer was constructed along the Westcroft ditch.
Three hundred and twenty-nine drainage obstructions affecting 1,292
houses were dealt with.
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