[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Kensington]

Page 6

The subjoined table shews the death-rates in Kensington for the last 9 years, as compared with those of the whole Metropolis, and of the several districts thereof, and those of England and Wales.

Death Rate.	1881.	1880.	1879.	1878.	1877.	1876.	1875.	1874.	1873.

Page 7

The subjoined table shows the relative areas of the two parishes, and other particulars relating to the census years 1871 and 1881.

Area in Statute Acres.		Inhabited houses.		Increase in 10 years.	Population.		Increase in 10 years
Area in Statute Acres.		1871	1881	Increase in 10 years.	1871	1881	Increase in 10 years

Page 8

The Parish of Kensington is for some local purposes divided into "Wards:" the subjoined table shows the acreage of the wards, their population, and the number of inhabited houses, etc., in 1871 and 1881.

Name of Ward.	Area in Statute Acres	Inhabited houses.		Increase in 10 years.	Population		Increase 10 years.*
Name of Ward.	Area in Statute Acres	1871	1881	Increase in 10 years.	1871	1881	Increase 10 years.*

Page 9

The subjoined figures show the growth of the parish in population and wealth, since the beginning of the century.

The Year.	Population.	Rateable value of Property.	The Year.

Page 13

The subjoined table 1 sets out necessary particulars of the mortality from the principal zymotic diseases in 1881, together with the decennial average, &c.:—

Diseases.	Sub-districts.		In Hospitals.			Totals in 1880.	Decennial Average.
Diseases.	Town.	Brompton	Town.	Brompton	Totals	Totals in 1880.	(uncorrected)	(corrected).

Page 15

The following table shows the distribution of deaths from zymotic diseases registered in Kensington in 13 periods of four weeks, corresponding to my monthly reports:—

PERIOD.	DISEASES.
Four weeks ended	Small Pox.	Measles.	Scarlet Fever.	Diphtheria.	Whooping Cough.	Typhus Fever.	Enteric Fever.	Simple continued Fever.	Diarrhœa.	Total.

Page 38

Proportion of Small-pox Deaths in and out of Hospital, 1877-81.

GROUP OF DISTRICTS.	Of 1,000 Small-pox deaths there occured.		Small-pox Death-rate per million.
GROUP OF DISTRICTS.	In Hospital.	In Private Houses.	Small-pox Death-rate per million.

Page 59

Deaths from Small-Pox in London and 19 other large Towns.

	1871.	1872.	1873.	1874.	1875.	1876.	1877.	1878.	1879.	1880.	1881.

Page 59

SUMMARY.

Quinquennium.	1871-75.	1876-80,	Year 1881.

Page 68

The Metropolis Local Management, which brought your Vestry into existence, came into operation on the 1st January, 1856: the subjoined figures, showing the growth of the parish in the quarter century since elapsed, will be read with interest at the present time:—

	1856.	1881.	Gross Increase in 25 years.

Page 68

The increase within the last ten years, in all respects, is not inconsiderable, as the subjoined figures will show:—

	1871.	1881.	Increase in 10 years

Page 72

The subjoined table shows the quarterly numbers of births of males and females in each of the sub-districts.

	KENSINGTON TOWN			BROMPTON			Grand Total.
	Sub-district.			Sub-district.			Whole Parish.
	Males.	Females.	Total	Males.	Females.	Total.	Whole Parish.

Page 75

The subjoined table shows the quarterly numbers of deaths of males and females registered in each of the registration sub. districts of Kensington:—

	KENSINGTON TOWN Sub.district.			BROMPTON Sub.district.			Grand Total, whole Parish.
	Males.	Females.	Total.	Males.	Females.	Total.	Grand Total, whole Parish.

Page 75

The subjoined table shows the death rate in 13 periods of four weeks, corresponding with my monthly reports, and the mean temperature of the air:—

DATE OF REPORT.	Death.rate, per 1,000 living.	Decennial Average	Mean temPerature of the air, 1881.	Decennial Average	Temperature above or below Average.

Page 76

(Exclusive of the Deaths of non-parishioners at the Brompton Consumption Hospital, and of Parishioners in Infectious Disease Hospitals).

CAUSES OF DEATH.	AGES.													Total deaths under Five.	Grand Total	sub-districts.
CAUSES OF DEATH.	Under 1.	1 to 2	2 to 5	5 to 15	15 to 25	25 to 35	35 to 45	45 to 55	55 to 65	65 to 75	75 to 85	85 to 95	95 and upwards.	Total deaths under Five.	Grand Total	Kensington Town.	Brompton.

Page 87

The causes of death may be otherwise grouped as follows:—

CAUSES OF DEATH.	Under one year.	Between one year and sixty.	Sixty and upwards*	Total.

Page 90

The Violent Deaths were caused as follows:—

Page 122

The transparency or otherwise of water is ascertained by its appearance in a tube two feet in length, and is expressed in arbitrary terms settled by common agreement, as in the following table, which shows the degree of efficiency of filtration of Thames water as supplied by the Companies in this parish, the examinations being made monthly:—

Name of Company	When clear and transparent.	Number of Occasions.		When very turbid.
Name of Company	When clear and transparent.	When slightly turbid.	When turbid.	When very turbid.

Page 122

The annexed table shows the results of such microscopic examinations during the past thirteen years:-

Name of Company.	Number of occasions when living organisms were found.
Name of Company.	1869	1870	1871	1872	1873	1874	1875	1876	1877	1878	1879	1880	1881

Page 122

The numbers in this table relate to 100,000 parts of the waters, but may be converted into grains per imperial gallon by multiplying them by 7 and then moving the decimal point one place to the left.

Name of Company.	Temperature in Centigrade Degrees.	Total Solid Impurity.	Organic Carbon.	Organic Nitrogen.	Ammonia.	Nitrogen as Nitrates and Nitrites.	Total combined Nitrogen.	Chlorine.	Total Hardness.	Proportional amount of organic Elements, that in the Kent Company's Water during the 9 years ending Dec., 1876 being taken as 1..

Page 129

1. With respect to illuminating power. The maximum, minimum, and average illuminating power in standard sperm candles was as follows (Statutory standard, sixteen candles):—

	Maximum.	Minimum.	Average.

Page 129

Grains of sulphur per 100 cubic feet of gas. Permitted maximum—20 grains in summer, 15 grains in winter.

	Maximum.	Minimum.	Average.

Page 135

TABLE 1. Estimated population of Kensington at the middle of the year 1881, and in ten previous years; number of inhabited houses; Births, Deaths, and Marriages (gross numbers).

Year.	Estimated Population.*	Number of Inhabited Houses.**	Registered Births.	Deaths.	Marriages.

Page 136

TABLE II. Showing Birth and Death Rates; Deaths of Children; and Deaths in Public Institutions in 1881, and 10 previous years.

The Year.	Births per 1000 of the population.	Death Rate per 1000 living.	Deaths of Infants under 1 year.		Deaths of Children under 1 year; per cent. on Registered Births.	Deaths of Children under 5 years.		Deaths at Public Institutions
The Year.	Births per 1000 of the population.	Death Rate per 1000 living.	Total Number.	Per cent. on Total Deaths.		Total Number.	Per cent. on Total Deaths.	Deaths at Public Institutions

Page 137

TABLE III. Deaths registered from all causes during the year 1881. (Exclusive of the Deaths of non-parishioners at the Brompton Consumption Hospital and of Parishioners in Infectious Disease Hospitals).

CAUSES OF DEATH.		AGES.													Total deaths under Five.	Grand Total.	SUB-DISTRICTS.
CAUSES OF DEATH.		Under 1.	1 to2	2 to 5.	5 to 15.	15 to 25.	25 to 35.	35 to 45.	45 to 65.	55 to 65.	65 to 75.	75 to 85.	85 to 95.	95 and upwards.	Total deaths under Five.	Grand Total.	Kensington Town.	Brompton.

Page 138

TABLE IV. Showing Total Deaths from certain groups of Diseases and rate of mortality therefrom, &c.

Diseases.	Total Deaths.	Deaths per 1,000 of Population.	Proportion of Deaths to 1,000 Deaths.

Page 139

TABLE V. Showing the number of Deaths in 10 years, 1871-80, from the principal Zymotic Diseases, and the number in 1881, &c.

Diseases.	1871	1872	1873	1874	1875	1876	1877	1878	1879	1880	Annual Average 10 years 1871-80.	Proportion of deaths to 1000 Deaths in 10 years, 1871-80.	1881	Proportion of Deaths to 1000 Deaths, 1881.

Page 140

TABLE VI. Inspectors' Report of the Sanitary Work completed in the year ended March 25th, 1882.

Sanitary districts.*	No. of Complaints received during the year.	No. of Houses, Premises, &c., inspected (irrespective of re-inspections)	Results of Inspection.			House Drains.		Privies and W.C.'s.			Dust Bins.		Water Supply.			Miscellaneous.
			Orders issued for Sanitary Amendments of Houses and Premises.	Houses, Premises, &c., Cleansed, Repaired, Whitewashed, &c.	Houses Disinfected after illness of an infectious character.	Repaired, Cleansed, Trapped, &c.	Ventilated.	Repaired, &c.	Supplied with Water.	New provided.	New provided.	Repaired, Covered, &c.	Cisterns (new) erected.	Cisterns Cleansed, Repaired and Covered.	Waste-Pipes connected with Drains, &c., abolished.	No. of Lodging Houses registered under 35th Section of 'The Sanitary Act, 1866."f	Dust Removal.—No of Communications receivec and attended to.§	Removal of accumulations of Dung, Stagnant Water, Animal and other Refuse.	Animals Removed, being improperly kept.	Regularly Inspected.			Other Proceedings,e.g. Legal Proceedings
				Houses, Premises, &c., Cleansed, Repaired, Whitewashed, &c.		Repaired, Cleansed, Trapped, &c.	Ventilated.	Repaired, &c.	Supplied with Water.	New provided.	New provided.	Repaired, Covered, &c.	Cisterns (new) erected.	Cisterns Cleansed, Repaired and Covered.	Waste-Pipes connected with Drains, &c., abolished.				Animals Removed, being improperly kept.	Bakehouses.	Licensed Cowsheds.	Licensed Slaughter-houses.	Other Proceedings,e.g. Legal Proceedings

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TABLE Via. Summary of Monthly Returns of Work, &c., done by the Sanitary Inspectors.

Date of Report.	Houses Inspected.				Mews Inspected.				Slaughter Houses Inspected.				Cowsheds Inspected.				Bakehouses Inspected.				Offensive Trades Inspected.				Sanitary Notices Issued.				Removal of Dust, Ashes,&c., Letters of Request received and attended to.				Date of Report.
	District.				District.				District.				District.				District.				District.				District.				District.
	N.W.	N.E.	C.	s.	N.W.	N.E.	C.	s.	N.W.	N. E.	c.	s.	N.W.	N.E.	c.	s.	N.W	N.E.	c.	s.	NW	N E.	C.	S.	N.W.	N.E.	c.	S.	N.w.	N.E.	C.	S.

Page 141

TABLE VII. Showing the Death-rate per 1,000 persons living: the annual Rate of Mortality per 1,000 living, from the "seven" principal Diseases of the Zymotic class; and the proportion of deaths from these Diseases to total Deaths, in Kensington and all London, in 1881, and in the ten years, 1871-80.

The Year.	Deaths per 1000 living.		Total Deaths from seven Zymotic diseases, Kensington.	Annual rate of Mortality per 1000 living from seven Zymotic Diseases.		Proportion of Deaths to 1000 Deaths from seven Zymotic diseases.		The Year.
The Year.	Kensington.	London.	Total Deaths from seven Zymotic diseases, Kensington.	Kensington.	London.	Kensington.	London.	The Year.

Page 142

TABLE VIII. Comparative Analysis of the Mortality in all London and in Kensington, in 1881.

LOCALITY.	Annual Death Rate per 1000 living from all causes.	Annual Death Rate per 1,000 living from 7 principal Zymotic diseases.	Percentage of Deaths under 1 year to Births Registered.	Percentage of Deaths to Total Deaths.
LOCALITY.	Annual Death Rate per 1000 living from all causes.		Percentage of Deaths under 1 year to Births Registered.	Under 1 year of age.	At 60 years of age and upwards.	From Zymotic diseases.	From Violence.	Registered upon information of the Coroner. (Inquests.)	Registered at large Public Institutions

Page 143

TABLE IX. Showing the Localities in which Fatal Cases of some of the Principal Zymotic Diseases occurred in 1381.

KENSINGTON TOWN REGISTRATION SUB-DISTRICT.
Locality.	DISEASES.									Total.	Locality.	DISEASES.									Total.	Locality.	DISEASES.
	*Small Pox	Measles.	†Scarlet Fever.	Diphtheria.	Whooping Cough.	Fever.			Diarrhœa			*Small Pox.,	Measles.	†Scarlet Fever.	Diphtheria.	Whooping Cough.	Fever.			Diarrhœa.			*Small Pox.	Measles.	†Scarlet Fever.	\| Diphtheria.	whooping Cough.	Fever.			Diarrhœa.	Total.
	*Small Pox	Measles.	†Scarlet Fever.	Diphtheria.	Whooping Cough.	Typhus.	Enteric.	Sim. Con.	Diarrhœa			*Small Pox.,	Measles.	†Scarlet Fever.	Diphtheria.	Whooping Cough.	Typhus.	Enteric.	Sim.Con.	Diarrhœa.			*Small Pox.	Measles.	†Scarlet Fever.	\| Diphtheria.	whooping Cough.	Typhus	Enteric.	Sim. Con.	Diarrhœa.	Total.

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TABLE X. PARISH OF ST. MARY ABBOTTS, KENSINGTON. Return respecting the Vaccination of Children whose Births were Registered during the year 1881.

DATE.	Registration Sub-Districts comprised in Vaccination Officer's District.	Number of Births returned in Birth List Sheets.	Number of these Births duly entered in Columns 10, 11, ana 13 of the Vaccination Register (Birth List Sheets) viz.:				Number of these Births which are not entered in the Vaccination Register, on account (as shown by Report Book) of
			Column 10 Successfully vaccinated.	Column 11.		Column 13. Dead. Un-vacci-nated.	Postponement by Medical Certificate.	Removal to Districts, the Vaccination Officer of which has been duly apprized.	Removal to places unknown, or which canmot be reached, and cases not having been found.	Cases still under proceedings by summons and otherwise.
			Column 10 Successfully vaccinated.	Insusceptible of Successful Vaccination.	Had Small-pox.	Column 13. Dead. Un-vacci-nated.	Postponement by Medical Certificate.			Cases still under proceedings by summons and otherwise.

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TABLE XI. LICENSED SLAUGHTER-HOUSES. SOUTH OF UXBRIDGE ROAD.

LOCALITY.	LICENSEE.

Page 147

TABLE XII. LICENSED COWSHEDS. SOUTH OF UXBRIDGE ROAD.

LOCALITY.	LICENSEE.

Page 148

TABLE XIII. SMALL, POX, 1876-81. Showing Monthly Number of Cases reported; Under, and Over, 15 Years of Age; North and South of Uxbridge Road; and Number of Hospital; and Home-treated, Cases respectively.

Date of the Monthly Report.		Number of Cases Reported.	Number of Cases under 15 Years of Age.	Number of Cases over 15 Years of Age.	Number of Cases.
					North	South	Sent to Hospital.	Treated at Home.
					of Uxbridge Road.		Sent to Hospital.	Treated at Home.

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Kensington 1881

36 tables in this report

The subjoined table shews the death-rates in Kensington for the last 9 years, as compared with those of the whole Metropolis, and of the several districts thereof, and those of England and Wales.

The subjoined table shows the relative areas of the two parishes, and other particulars relating to the census years 1871 and 1881.

The Parish of Kensington is for some local purposes divided into "Wards:" the subjoined table shows the acreage of the wards, their population, and the number of inhabited houses, etc., in 1871 and 1881.

The subjoined figures show the growth of the parish in population and wealth, since the beginning of the century.

The subjoined table 1 sets out necessary particulars of the mortality from the principal zymotic diseases in 1881, together with the decennial average, &amp;c.:—

The following table shows the distribution of deaths from zymotic diseases registered in Kensington in 13 periods of four weeks, corresponding to my monthly reports:—

Proportion of Small-pox Deaths in and out of Hospital, 1877-81.

Deaths from Small-Pox in London and 19 other large Towns.

SUMMARY.

The Metropolis Local Management, which brought your Vestry into existence, came into operation on the 1st January, 1856: the subjoined figures, showing the growth of the parish in the quarter century since elapsed, will be read with interest at the present time:—

The increase within the last ten years, in all respects, is not inconsiderable, as the subjoined figures will show:—

The subjoined table shows the quarterly numbers of births of males and females in each of the sub-districts.

The subjoined table shows the quarterly numbers of deaths of males and females registered in each of the registration sub. districts of Kensington:—

The subjoined table shows the death rate in 13 periods of four weeks, corresponding with my monthly reports, and the mean temperature of the air:—

(Exclusive of the Deaths of non-parishioners at the Brompton Consumption Hospital, and of Parishioners in Infectious Disease Hospitals).

The causes of death may be otherwise grouped as follows:—

The Violent Deaths were caused as follows:—

The annexed table shows the results of such microscopic examinations during the past thirteen years:-

The numbers in this table relate to 100,000 parts of the waters, but may be converted into grains per imperial gallon by multiplying them by 7 and then moving the decimal point one place to the left.

1. With respect to illuminating power. The maximum, minimum, and average illuminating power in standard sperm candles was as follows (Statutory standard, sixteen candles):—

Grains of sulphur per 100 cubic feet of gas. Permitted maximum—20 grains in summer, 15 grains in winter.

TABLE 1. Estimated population of Kensington at the middle of the year 1881, and in ten previous years; number of inhabited houses; Births, Deaths, and Marriages (gross numbers).

TABLE II. Showing Birth and Death Rates; Deaths of Children; and Deaths in Public Institutions in 1881, and 10 previous years.

TABLE III. Deaths registered from all causes during the year 1881. (Exclusive of the Deaths of non-parishioners at the Brompton Consumption Hospital and of Parishioners in Infectious Disease Hospitals).

TABLE IV. Showing Total Deaths from certain groups of Diseases and rate of mortality therefrom, &amp;c.

TABLE V. Showing the number of Deaths in 10 years, 1871-80, from the principal Zymotic Diseases, and the number in 1881, &amp;c.

TABLE VI. Inspectors' Report of the Sanitary Work completed in the year ended March 25th, 1882.

TABLE Via. Summary of Monthly Returns of Work, &amp;c., done by the Sanitary Inspectors.

TABLE VIII. Comparative Analysis of the Mortality in all London and in Kensington, in 1881.

TABLE IX. Showing the Localities in which Fatal Cases of some of the Principal Zymotic Diseases occurred in 1381.

TABLE X. PARISH OF ST. MARY ABBOTTS, KENSINGTON. Return respecting the Vaccination of Children whose Births were Registered during the year 1881.

TABLE XI. LICENSED SLAUGHTER-HOUSES. SOUTH OF UXBRIDGE ROAD.

TABLE XII. LICENSED COWSHEDS. SOUTH OF UXBRIDGE ROAD.

TABLE XIII. SMALL, POX, 1876-81. Showing Monthly Number of Cases reported; Under, and Over, 15 Years of Age; North and South of Uxbridge Road; and Number of Hospital; and Home-treated, Cases respectively.

The subjoined table 1 sets out necessary particulars of the mortality from the principal zymotic diseases in 1881, together with the decennial average, &c.:—

TABLE IV. Showing Total Deaths from certain groups of Diseases and rate of mortality therefrom, &c.

TABLE V. Showing the number of Deaths in 10 years, 1871-80, from the principal Zymotic Diseases, and the number in 1881, &c.

TABLE Via. Summary of Monthly Returns of Work, &c., done by the Sanitary Inspectors.