London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972
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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
Croydon 1925
[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Croydon]
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TABLE A. —CRUY DON DEATH KATES, 1881—1923.
| DEATH RATES AT:— ALL AGES. | 0—1 YEAR. | 1—5 YEARS. | 5—15 YEARS. | 15—25 YEARS. | 25—65 YEARS. (25—60 Years when in Black). | 65 YEARS AND UPWARDS. (60 Years and Upwards where in Black). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year . | Population. | Death Rate. | Population. | Total Death Rate. | D.R. Congen., debility, premature, birth, mal formation | D.R. Diarrhoea. | D.R. Pneumonia. | D.R. Bronchitis | D.R. Whooping Cough. | D.R. Tuberc. (non-pulm.). | D.R. Measles. | Population. | Total D.R. | D. R. Pneumonia. | D.R. Tuberc. (non-pulm.) | D.R. Measles. | D.R. Whooping Cough. | D.R. Bronchitis. | D.R. Diphtheria. | Population. | Total D.R. | D.R. Tuberc. (non-pulm.). | D.R. Diphtheria. | D.R. Pulm. Tuberc. | D.R. Pulm. Tuberc. males | D.R. Pulm. Tuberc. females | D.R. Pneumonia. | Population. | Total D.R. | D.R. Pulm. Tuberc. | D.R. Pulm. Tuberc. males | D.R. Pulm. Tuberc. females | D.R. Pneumonia. | D.R. Tuberc. (non-Pulm.) | Population. | Total D.R. | D.R. Cancer. | D.R. Pulm. Tuberc. | D.R. Pneumonia. | D.R. Nephritis. | D.R. Bronchitis. | Population. | Total D.R. | D.R. Cancer. | D.R. Cancer, males. | D.R. Cancer females. | D.R. Bronchitis. | D.R. Pneumonia. | D.R. Nephritis. | D.R. Influenza. | D.R. Other Respiratory Diseases. | D.R. Pulm. Tuberc. |
| 1881 | 78,953 | 16.2 | 2311 | 139 | 40.0 | 15.6 | 5.2 | 14.7 | 3.9 | 9.1 | 2.1 | 8109 | 19.4 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 1.1 | 1.6 | 2.7 | 0.8 | 17141 | 3.1 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.4 | — | — | 0.1 | 15722 | 4.4 | 2.0 | — | — | 0.06 | — | 30352 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5318 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1882 | 81,327 | 17.3 | 2319 | 171 | 52.0 | 14.7 | 6.9 | 27.2 | 3.8 | 8.6 | 5.1 | 8231 | 23.7 | 2.0 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 0.7 | 2.6 | 0.1 | 17723 | 2.4 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | — | — | 0.1 | 16159 | 4.5 | 1.7 | — | — | 0.1 | 0.1 | 31368 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5515 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1883 | 83,701 | 14.9 | 2327 | 128 | 37.8 | 12.9 | 5.6 | 18.0 | 2.5 | 6.4 | 2.5 | 8354 | 19.0 | 1.3 | 3.2 | 0.8 | 1.5 | 3.4 | 0.7 | 18305 | 2.3 | 0.4 | — | 0.2 | — | — | — | 16597 | 3.4 | 1.3 | — | — | 0.1 | 0.1 | 32385 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5712 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1884 | 86,075 | 16.4 | 2335 | 164 | 40.0 | 23.6 | 4.3 | 15.4 | 1.7 | 17.3 | 1.7 | 8476 | 21.6 | 2.3 | 2.8 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 1.8 | 0.7 | 18887 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 17034 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 33401 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5910 | 65.5 | 4.5 | — | — | 8.5 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 0.1 | 1.7 | 1.5 |
| 1885 | 88,499 | 16.9 | 2313 | 139 | 41.0 | 14.1 | 3.8 | 14.5 | 4.7 | 13.4 | 9.3 | 8599 | 27.2 | 2.3 | 4.2 | 7.3 | 2.5 | 3.1 | 0.7 | 19470 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 17482 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 34418 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6107 | 65.5 | 4.4 | — | — | 2.6 | 5.2 | 3.6 | — | 1.6 | 0.6 |
| 1886 | 90,824 | 14.5 | 2351 | 132 | 37.0 | 21.3 | 5.1 | 18.7 | 7.6 | 6.8 | 0.4 | 8722 | 18.4 | 1.3 | 3.5 | 0.1 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 1.0 | 20053 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 17919 | — | — | — | — | — | 35435 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6304 | 70.0 | 7.0 | — | — | 9.8 | 2.0 | 3.6 | — | 2.0 | 1.8 | |
| 1887 | 93,198 | 14.7 | 2358 | 127 | 34.4 | 20.2 | 5.5 | 12.7 | 8.0 | 5.9 | 2.5 | 88???4 | 24.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 4.8 | 4.0 | 2.7 | 1.8 | 20636 | 2.6 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.1 | — | — | 0.1 | 18357 | 3.1 | 1.1 | — | — | 0.05 | 0.1 | 36451 | 9.7 | 0.8 | 2.0 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 6502 | 63.0 | 4.7 | — | — | 10.5 | 1.2 | 4.7 | — | 0.4 | 1.2 |
| 1888 | 95,572 | 13.2 | 2363 | 112 | £0.0 | 7.6 | 3.8 | 15.6 | 4.2 | 9.7 | 3.8 | 8967 | 18.1 | 1.3 | 2.7 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 3.0 | 0.8 | 21219 | 2.2 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.3 | — | — | 0.04 | 18794 | 2.8 | 0.9 | — | — | 0.2 | 0.2 | 37468 | 9.1 | 0.8 | 2.2 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 6699 | 58.5 | 3.1 | — | — | 8.3 | 2.8 | 3.5 | — | 1.5 | 1.1 |
| 1889 | 97,946 | 13.9 | 2374 | 130 | 41.0 | 13.5 | 5.9 | 13.5 | 6.7 | 11.8 | 2.9 | 9089 | 18.2 | 1.4 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 2.3 | 0.9 | 21802 | 2.9 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.4 | — | — | 0.1 | 19232 | 3.0 | 1.3 | — | — | 0.1 | 0.1 | 38484 | 8.9 | 0.8 | 2.0 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 6896 | 61.0 | 5.5 | — | — | 8.2 | 2.0 | 5.2 | — | — | 2.1 |
| 1890 | 100,320 | 16.7 | 2381 | 160 | 48.0 | 11.8 | 7.1 | 18.9 | 9.2 | 6.3 | 8.0 | 9212 | 29.4 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 6.9 | 3.5 | 2.9 | 2.2 | 22385 | 3.7 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.3 | — | — | 0.1 | 19659 | 3.2 | 0.9 | — | — | 0.1 | 0.1 | 39501 | 9.5 | 0.6 | 2.2 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 7093 | 71.0 | 5.0 | — | — | 10.2 | 1.7 | 2.8 | — | 1.1 | 2.9 |
| 1891 | 102,695 | 15.1 | 2389 | 129 | 45.0 | 10.0 | 7.9 | 15.1 | 4.2 | 6.2 | 0.4 | 9334 | 13.9 | 1.2 | 2.9 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 0.8 | 22968 | 3.4 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.6 | — | — | 0.1 | 20096 | 3.2 | 0.7 | — | — | 0.2 | 0.2 | 40517 | 10.8 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 7391 | 72.5 | 5.0 | — | — | 13.3 | 3.3 | 3.8 | 2.9 | 1.9 | 1.4 |
| 1892 | 105,3,815 | 16.4 | 2???45 | 142 | 48.5 | 13.5 | 8.7 | 14.3 | 9.1 | 11.0 | 5.8 | 9512 | 24.0 | 3.1 | 1.2 | 3.9 | 3.3 | 2.6 | 1.5 | 23346 | 3.1 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.2 | — | — | 0.1 | 20754 | 4.1 | 1.4 | — | — | 0.3 | 0.2 | 42368 | 10.6 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 7657 | 71.5 | 5.7 | — | — | 14.5 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 0.4 | 1.5 |
| 1893 | 108,935 | 17.0 | 2503 | 178 | 58.4 | 28.0 | 8.8 | 18.4 | 4.8 | 11.6 | 1.2 | 9689 | 21.1 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 3.5 | 23725 | 5.0 | 0.8 | 1.9 | 0.3 | — | — | 0.1 | 21412 | 3.8 | 1.3 | — | — | 0.3 | 0.1 | 43949 | 9.9 | 0.6 | 1.9 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 7923 | 70.5 | 6.2 | — | — | 10.4 | 2.7 | 3.6 | 2.9 | 1.0 | 1.3 |
| 1894 | 112,055 | 13.8 | 2561 | 134 | 39.4 | 6.6 | 12.5 | 18.7 | 11.7 | 9.3 | 4.6 | 9868 | 21.0 | 3.7 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 24103 | 2.7 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.2 | — | — | — | 21971 | 2.9 | 0.8 | — | — | 0.1 | 0.1 | 44530 | 8.7 | 0.5 | 2.0 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 8189 | 59.0 | 4.8 | — | — | 7.2 | 2.6 | 3.3 | 1.8 | 0.2 | 0.9 |
| 1895 | 115,175 | 14.7 | 2619 | 152 | 37.1 | 19.5 | 10.3 | 12.2 | 5.7 | 14.9 | 1.9 | 10015 | 13.2 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 24581 | 2.6 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.2 | — | — | 0.2 | 22729 | 2.6 | 1.3 | — | — | 0.1 | 0.04 | 46111 | 9.1 | 0.9 | 2.1 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 8455 | 72.0 | 6.3 | — | — | 11.8 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 5.4 | 0.2 | 1.8 |
| 1896 | 118,295 | 14.5 | 2677 | 171 | 48.7 | 24.0 | 18.3 | 17.6 | 12.0 | 9.0 | 4.1 | 10223 | 20.6 | 3.2 | 2.0 | 4.4 | 2.7 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 24860 | 2.3 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.2 | — | — | 0.1 | 23388 | 3.5 | 1.3 | — | — | 0.1 | 0.1 | 47692 | 8.5 | 0.7 | 1.9 | 0.6 | 03 | 0.4 | 8721 | 55.5 | 5.7 | — | — | 7.0 | 3.4 | 2.5 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
| 1897 | 121,415 | 13.3 | 2735 | 155 | 49.0 | 40.3 | 5.5 | 12.4 | 5.1 | 10.6 | 1.4 | 10401 | 13.6 | 0.8 | 2.8 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 0.1 | 25238 | 2.4 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.2 | — | — | — | 24046 | 2.8 | 1.1 | — | — | 0.04 | 0.2 | 49273 | 8.1 | 0.8 | 1.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 8987 | 58.5 | 6.4 | — | — | 5.8 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.6 |
| 1898 | 124,535 | 14.3 | 2793 | 173 | 39.8 | 61.6 | 7.1 | 12.2 | 3.9 | 7.9 | 2.5 | 10580 | 17.7 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 25617 | 2.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | — | — | 0.1 | 24705 | 2.4 | 0.7 | — | — | 0.1 | 0.2 | 54907 | 9.2 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 5932 | 82.0 | 7.7 | — | — | 10.8 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 4.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 |
| 1899 | 127,655 | 15.6 | 2851 | 175 | 44.8 | 55.5 | 11.9 | 14.0 | 7.3 | 7.7 | 1.0 | 10757 | 16.9 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 1.2 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 25995 | 2.3 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.5 | — | — | 0.07 | 25363 | 3.2 | 1.0 | — | — | 0.2 | 0.2 | 56591 | 12.2 | 0.9 | 1.8 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 6096 | 94.5 | 5.7 | — | — | 15.2 | 5.6 | 3.7 | 5.7 | 0.8 | 1.4 |
| 1900 | 130,775 | 14.7 | 2909 | 149 | 40.3 | 23.4 | 9.6 | 15.5 | 6.5 | 6.2 | 1.7 | 10934 | 14.8 | 2.3 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 2.6 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 26373 | 2.7 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.1 | — | — | 0.1 | 26021 | 3.7 | 1.2 | — | — | 0.1 | 0.1 | 58274 | 10.6 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 6258 | 86.5 | 8.9 | — | — | 14.2 | 5.4 | 2.8 | 8.1 | 1.4 | 0.1 |
| 1901 | 133,895 | 13.1 | 2967 | 168 | 48.5 | 36.0 | 11.7 | 12.0 | 5.3 | 6.0 | 1.3 | 11114 | 12.5 | 2.5 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 26752 | 2.2 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.1 | — | — | — | 26681 | 2.0 | 0.5 | — | — | 0.1 | 0.1 | 59959 | 8.3 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 0.4 | 0 4 | 0.4 | 6422 | 77.0 | 7.3 | — | — | 11.5 | 3.4 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 14 | 0.6 |
| 1902 | 137,460 | 14.1 | 3003 | 159 | 51.5 | 17.4 | 12.7 | 15.4 | 5.6 | 9.3 | 3.0 | 11433 | 16.5 | 3.1 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 27416 | 2.4 | 0.05 | 0.3 | 0.1 | — | — | 0.2 | 26789 | 3.0 | 0.8 | — | — | 0.1 | 0.1 | 62080 | 8.7 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 6738 | 85.0 | 8.5 | — | — | 13.6 | 4.0 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 1.0 | 0.6 |
| 1903 | 141,026 | 11.8 | 3040 | 127 | 43.2 | 5.6 | 13.8 | 7.9 | 11.5 | 7.9 | 1.6 | 1172 | 12.6 | 2.4 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 28079 | 1.6 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | — | — | 0.03 | 26996 | 2.4 | 0.9 | — | — | 0.3 | 0.2 | 64243 | 8.8 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 7054 | 64.5 | 7.5 | — | — | 6.2 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 1.0 | 0.9 |
| 1904 | 144,591 | 13.8 | 3076 | 160 | 47.3 | 19.3 | 10.7 | 12.0 | 3.0 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 12070 | 13.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 3.2 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 28743 | 2.8 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.1 | — | — | 0.2 | 27004 | 2.6 | 0.4 | — | — | 0.1 | 0.4 | 66325 | 9.8 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 7371 | 76.5 | 8.5 | — | — | 13.8 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 1.7 | 0.5 | 0.9 |
| 1905 | 148,156 | 12.7 | 3112 | 120 | 45.5 | 6.7 | 9.6 | 9.0 | 6.7 | 4.8 | 2.2 | 12389 | 11.3 | 2.2 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 29407 | 2.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.1 | — | — | 0.1 | 27111 | 2.9 | 1.2 | — | — | 0.2 | 0.2 | 68448 | 9.1 | 1.2 | 1.7 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 7687 | 76.0 | 6.4 | — | — | 10.3 | 4.1 | 3.1 | 1.8 | 0.7 | 0.6 |
| 1906 | 151,687 | 13.4 | 3150 | 159 | 51.7 | 14.1 | 8.5 | 4.6 | 0.3 | 5.2 | 2.6 | 12708 | 16.3 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 30070 | 2.6 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.1 | — | — | 0.1 | 27219 | 2.8 | 1.2 | — | — | 0.07 | 0.1 | 70570 | 9.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 8003 | 68.0 | 6.0 | — | — | 7.7 | 2.3 | 3.3 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 1.3 |
| 1907 | 155,288 | 12.2 | 3186 | 116 | 42.3 | 4.1 | 14.8 | 10.8 | 5.9 | 1.5 | 0.3 | 13027 | 11.1 | 1.9 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1.5 | 30734 | 2.3 | 0.06 | 0.5 | 0.1 | — | — | 0.1 | 27327 | 2.7 | 0.8 | — | — | 0.2 | 0.07 | 72694 | 8.8 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 8320 | 71.5 | 6.8 | — | — | 9.2 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 2.0 | 0.7 | 0.9 |
| 1908 | 158,853 | 12.9 | 3223 | 131 | 50.6 | 9.2 | 14.8 | 5.9 | 3.3 | 4.3 | 6.9 | 13346 | 17.6 | 2.7 | 0.9 | 4.4 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 31398 | 2.8 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.1 | — | — | 0.2 | 27434 | 2.3 | 0.9 | — | — | 0.1 | 0.07 | 74815 | 8.1 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 8636 | 72.0 | 8.3 | — | — | 7.5 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 0.7 | 0.9 |
| 1909 | 162,419 | 11.6 | 3259 | 96 | 41.7 | 3.3 | 10.4 | 7.0 | 4.0 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 13664 | 9.0 | 1.4 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 32062 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.3 | — | — | 0.1 | 57542 | 2.1 | 0.8 | — | — | 0.07 | 0.1 | 76928 | 8.1 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 0.05 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 8952 | 74.5 | 6.9 | — | — | 13.4 | 4.2 | 3.2 | 4.1 | 1.7 | 0.7 |
| 1910 | 165,984 | 10.7 | 3295 | 101 | 48.0 | 5.4 | 11.2 | 6.3 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 1.2 | 13983 | 9.7 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 32725 | 1.5 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | — | — | 0.4 | 27649 | 2.8 | 1.0 | — | — | 0.03 | 0.2 | 79060 | 7.5 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 9269 | 63.5 | 7.0 | — | 8.9 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 0.8 | |
| 1911 | 169,551 | 12.0 | 3333 | 119 | 34.5 | 35.0 | 9.6 | 5.1 | 5.4 | 4.2 | 2.7 | 14303 | 12.5 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 33389 | 2.6 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.34 | 0.17 | 0.06 | 27756 | 2.6 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 0.97 | 0.07 | 0.1 | 81183 | 7.9 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 9586 | 69.0 | 8.9 | 9.0 | 8.7 | 10.6 | 2.3 | 2.8 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 0.6 |
| 1912 | 171,664 | 11.1 | 3342 | 90 | 36.6 | 12.3 | 8.7 | 4.8 | 1.8 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 13969 | 8.6 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 1.5 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 33681 | 2.0 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.18 | 0.17 | 0.08 | 28059 | 2.4 | 1.0 | 1.28 | 0.83 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 82698 | 8.0 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 9914 | 69.5 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 7.4 | 3.4 | 2.1 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 0.8 |
| 1913 | 173,777 | 12.0 | 3351 | 111 | 38.0 | 20.0 | 9.2 | 5.6 | 4.2 | 2.9 | 2.3 | 13635 | 11.1 | 2.0 | 1.1 | 2.7 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 33974 | 2.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | — | 0.4 | 0.08 | 28360 | 2.4 | 0.9 | 0.71 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 81214 | 8.4 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 10213 | 68.0 | 8.4 | 7.7 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 0.9 |
| 1914 | 175,890 | 11.4 | 3360 | 95 | 35.4 | 16.5 | 8.6 | 4.5 | 3.5 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 13301 | 7.9 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.02 | 34267 | 1.8 | 0.1 | — | 0.2 | 0.06 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 28663 | 2.7 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.07 | 83728 | 7.0 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 10571 | 72.0 | 10.1 | 10.7 | 9.7 | 8.6 | 3.6 | 2.7 | 0.3 | 1.7 | 0.7 |
| 1915 | 178,003 | 13.6 | 3370 | 83 | 29.0 | 11.8 | 11.3 | 3.7 | 0.8 | 1.8 | 4.5 | 12967 | 15.4 | 2.6 | 1.2 | 3.0 | 0.7 | 1.6 | 0.4 | 34560 | 3.0 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.06 | 0.28 | 0.2 | 28965 | 2.6 | 0.7 | 0.86 | 0.68 | 0.03 | 0.2 | 87244 | 8.9 | 1.1 | 1.7 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 10900 | 86.0 | 8.8 | 11.0 | 2.5 | 14.3 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 2.0 | 1.3 | 0.9 |
| 1916 | 180,117 | 11.9 | 3378 | 85 | 30.0 | 9.5 | 10.1 | 6.2 | 4.1 | 1.5 | — | 12632 | 7.1 | 1.7 | 1.2 | — | 1.2 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 34852 | 2.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.11 | 0.57 | 0.1 | 29267 | 2.6 | 1.3 | 0.77 | 1.8 | 0.1 | 0.06 | 88758 | 8.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 11228 | 78.0 | 9.7 | 9.4 | 10.7 | 11.4 | 4.0 | 2.1 | 4.1 | 1.3 | 0.4 |
| 1917 | 182,230 | 12.0 | 3388 | 73 | 27.4 | 9.7 | 7.1 | 5.0 | 0.8 | 2.9 | 0.8 | 12297 | 9.2 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 35145 | 2.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.34 | 0.17 | 0.2 | 29570 | 2.3 | 1.3 | 1.05 | 1.5 | 0.1 | 0.06 | 90274 | 8.6 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 11555 | 78.0 | 9.2 | 12.0 | 7.5 | 10.2 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 0.6 |
| 1918 | 184,343 | 13.5 | 3397 | 59 | 20.9 | 5.6 | 7.1 | 3.1 | 4.7 | 1.7 | 0.3 | 11963 | 17.5 | 2 6 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 35438 | 3.8 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.28 | 0.56 | 0.2 | 29874 | 5.1 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 91788 | 10.5 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 11884 | 70.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 6.3 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 4.1 | 1.5 | 1.0 |
| 1919 | 186,456 | 11.9 | 3407 | 63 | 29.3 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 4.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 11629 | 8.8 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 0.3 | — | 0.4 | 1.5 | 35730 | 2.5 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.17 | 0.33 | 0.3 | 30175 | 3.4 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 0.1 | 0.06 | 93304 | 8.0 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 12212 | 78.0 | 8.6 | 11.3 | 6.9 | 10.8 | 3.3 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 0.6 | 0.8 |
| 1920 | 188,569 | 10.1 | 3415 | 78 | 30.7 | 9.5 | 9.2 | 6.1 | — | 0.8 | 1.1 | 11295 | 7.8 | 1.8 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 36021 | 2.7 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.22 | 0.55 | 0.3 | 30477 | 2.6 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.1 | 0.03 | 91818 | 7.6 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 12541 | 65.7 | 8.1 | 8.9 | 7.4 | 7.2 | 3.2 | 1.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 0.7 |
| 1921 | 190,684 | 10.7 | 3425 | 77 | 25.3 | 13.1 | 10.8 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 2.3 | 0.8 | 10960 | 6.4 | 1.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 36316 | 2.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.16 | 0.27 | 0.2 | 30779 | 3.2 | 1.6 | 2.26 | 1.0 | 0.1 | 0.01 | 96335 | 7.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 12869 | 65.8 | 8.9 | 7.7 | 9.7 | 7.7 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 0.2 |
| 1922 | 192,797 | 12.4 | 3434 | 64 | 24.0 | 4.0 | 12.8 | 3.2 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 10626 | 9.6 | 3.1 | 0.4 | 1.6 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 36599 | 2.2 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.27 | 0.1 | 31082 | 2.8 | 1.1 | 0.87 | 1.39 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 97850 | 8.9 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 13198 | 77.5 | 9.0 | 7.3 | 10.0 | 9.7 | 4.6 | 1.0 | 4.2 | 0.9 | 0.5 |
| 1923 | 194,910 | 10.3 | 3444 | 51 | 21.2 | 5.5 | 8.4 | 1.1 | 1.7 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 10292 | 6.2 | 1.3 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 36892 | 1.7 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 31384 | 3.6 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.66 | 0.2 | 0.01 | 99365 | 7.0 | 1.4 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 13562 | 66.0 | 8.9 | 11.5 | 7.2 | 6.3 | 3.7 | 2.6 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 0.7 |
NOTES:—
DEATHS.—The rccords of deaths from 1911 onwards are taken from the Annual Reports of the Registrar-General, and for this period alone has it been possible to analyse the rates for
the two sexes separately. Prior to 1911 the data as to deaths cannot be obtained from the reports of the Registrar-General, but have been taken from successive annual
reports of Medical Officers of Health for Croydon. Evidence is found in the figures that there has been some slight variation in the method of allocating deaths to the
several headings this applies, for example, to the item Congenital Debility, etc., to which, prior to 1911, more deaths were attributed locally than appears to have been the
practice of the Registrar-General since that year.
AGE-GROUPS.—The age groups, at which the deaths have been classified varied somewhat in the earlier years; for example, in the period 1887-1897, 25-60 years, is given as one group,
and from 1898 onwards this group is given as 25-65 years; again, from 1884-1897 the highest group is given as over 60 years, and from 1898 onwards as over 65 years. Prior
to 1887 some of the groups varied from year to year, and this accounts for certain gaps in the tables.
POPULATION.—The population at the age periods 0-1, 1-5, 5-15, 15-25, 25-65, and over 65 have been calculated by assuming an arithmetical progression between the successive census
population of 1881, 1891, 1901, 1911, and 1921. This method is not, of course, strictly accurate, but is sufficiently so for this purpose. During the war years and immediately
after (1914-1920) the population for the years 15-65 are not trustworthy, so that the death rates during that period should not be regarded as being necessarily accurate; the
death rates in infancy and in children under 5 will similarly be somewhat irregular during these years through fluctuation in the birth rates not indicated by the method
of calculation from the census of 1911 and 1921. It has been felt that it would involve too much labour to attempt any correction on these points. Owing to the populations
at the various age periods being relatively small, the rates show relatively large savings from year to year, and it is required that some degree of uncertainty must be attached
to any deductions drawn from them.