[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for London County Council]

Page 3

The principal elements in population trend are shown in the following statement (rates per 1,000 living—civilians):—

Year	Marriages registered		Live births (allocated)		Civilian deaths
Year	No.	Rate*	No.	Rate	No.	Rate

Page 4

There were 5,178 illegitimate births (11.4 per cent. of the total live births). Percentages in recent years are :—

	London	England and Wales

Page 4

There were 1,095 still births in 1945 or 2.35 per cent. of all births (legitimate 2.27, illegitimate 2.92). Rates in recent years are :—

	London	England and Wales

Page 8

The basic figures in respect of the hazards of childbirth are as given below. Detailed figures for the metropolitan boroughs are shown in tables 1 and 8 and comparative figures for England and Wales in recent years are shown in table 7, page 17.

Year	Live births	Deaths				Notifications
		Puerperal sepsis		Other childbirth		Puerperal fever		Puerperal pyrexia

Page 9

There were only 171 deaths (0.066 per thousand) from influenza during the influenza year. During the war years the deaths were:-

Year	Influenza deaths

Page 11

The civilian death-rates in 1945 in London and for the whole country were:-

	Tuberculosis deaths Pulmonary	per 1,000 living Non-pulmonary

Page 11

Detailed figures in respect of notifications are shown in tables 11-13, on page 19. Excluding non-civilian cases, in order to relate the notifications to the civilian population, the rates of occurrence of new cases in recent years are as follows

Year	Pulmonary	Non-pulmonary

Page 12

Table 1—Vital statistics for the metropolitan boroughs and the County of London in the year 1945 (Rates per 1,000 of population)

Metropolitan boroughs arranged in topographical order	Estimated civilian population, 1945	Live births	Deaths	Infant mortality (per 1,000 live births)	Measles	Scarlet fever	Diphtheria	Whooping cough	Typhoid fever	Diarrhœa and enteritis age 0.2 (per 1,000 lire births)	Pulmonary tuberculosis	Pneumonia	Other resp. dis.	Cancer	Maternal mortality (per 1,000 live births)	Notifications of infectious disease (52 weeks)
Metropolitan boroughs arranged in topographical order	Estimated civilian population, 1945	Live births	Deaths	Infant mortality (per 1,000 live births)	Measles	Scarlet fever	Diphtheria	Whooping cough	Typhoid fever	Diarrhœa and enteritis age 0.2 (per 1,000 lire births)	Pulmonary tuberculosis	Pneumonia	Other resp. dis.	Cancer	Maternal mortality (per 1,000 live births)	Scarlet fever	Diphtheria	Typhoid fever	Erysipelas	Acute pneu monja	Meas les	Measles	Whoop ing cough

Page 13

Table 2—County of London—Principal vital statistics, 1891-1945

Period	Annua) rate per 1,000 living			Annual mortality per 1,000 living																Annual mortality pet 1,000 live births
	Live births	Marriages	Deaths (all causes)	Cerebrospinal fever	Diphtheria	Enteric fever	Scarlet fever	Smallpox	Whooping-cough	Measles	Influenza	Tuberculosis		Pneumonia (all forms)	Bronchitis	Other respdiseases	Heart disease	Cancer	Diabetes	Infants 0-1	Diarrhoea and enteritis 0-2	Puerperal fever	Other acc. of ch. birth
	Live births	Marriages	Deaths (all causes)	Cerebrospinal fever	Diphtheria	Enteric fever	Scarlet fever	Smallpox	Whooping-cough	Measles	Influenza	Pulmonary	Non-pulmonary	Pneumonia (all forms)	Bronchitis	Other respdiseases	Heart disease	Cancer	Diabetes	Infants 0-1	Diarrhoea and enteritis 0-2	Puerperal fever	Other acc. of ch. birth

Page 14

Table 3—Administrative County of London—Civilian deaths in 1945

Cause	Sex	All ages	0-	1-	5-	15-	45-	65 +

Page 15

Table 3—Administrative County of London—Civilian deaths in 1945—continued

Cause	Sex	All ages	0-	1-	5-	15-	45-	65+

Page 15

Table 4—Road deaths by age 1940-45

Year	0-4	5-14	15-44	45-64	65	All ages

Page 16

Table 5—County of London—Infant mortality, 1945

Cause of death			Age at death				Total			Bates per 1,000 live births
Cause of death			Under 1 day	1 to 7 days	1 to 4 wks.	4 weeks to 1 year	No.	Males	Fe-males	Total	Male	Female

Page 16

Table 6—Infant mortality in London by cause 1911—1945 (Rates per 1,000 live births)

Casue of death	1911 to 1914	1915 to 1918	1919 to 1922	1923 to 1926	1927 to 1930	1931 to 1934	1935 to 1938	1939 to 1942	1942	1943	1944	1945

Page 17

Table 7—Mortality in childbirth—London and England and Wales 1934-45 (Rates per 1,000 live births)

	1934	1935	1936	1937	1938	1939	1940	1941	1942	1943	1944	1945

Page 17

Table 8—Maternal mortality in London 1931-45

Metropolitan boroughs arranged in topographical order	Childbirth deaths (a) per 1,000 live-births						Number or deaths(b) in childbirth 1945
	1931-40			1941-45			Number or deaths(b) in childbirth 1945
	Puerperal fever	Other causes	Total	Puerperal fever	Other causes	Total	Puerperal fever	Other causes	Total

Page 18

Table 9— Death rates from certain infectious diseases—London and England and Wales—1933-45 Rates are per 1,000 living except for diarrhoea and enteritis where it is expressed per 1,000 live births

Year	Measles		Whooping-cough		Scarlet fever		Diphtheria		Diarrhœa & enteritis under 2
Year	London	E. & W.	London	E. & W.	London	E. & W.	London	E. & W.	London	E. & W.

Page -

Table 10—County of London—Notifiable infectious diseases—Annual number of notifications and numbers per 1,000 of population—1933-1945

Year	Anthrax		Cerebrospinal fever		Continued fever		Diphtheria		Dysentery		Encephalitis lethargica		Enteric fever		Erysipelas		Malaria		Measles		Ophthalmia neonatorum		Pneumonia		Polioencephalitis		Poliomyelitis		Puerperal fever		Puerperal pyrexia		Scabies		Scarlet fever		Smallpox		Typhus		Whooping-cough
Year	Cases	Rate	Cases	Rate	Cases	Rate	Cases	Rate	Cases	Rate	Cases	Rate	Cases	Rate	Cases	Rate	Cases	Rate	Cases	Rate	Cases	Rate	Cases	Rate	Cases	Rate	Cases	Rate	Cases	Rate	Cases	Rate	Cases	Rate	Cases	Rate	Cases	Rate	Cases	Rate	Cases	Rate

Page 19

Table 11—Tuberculosis—Primary notifications in London during the year 1945

Form of tuberculosis notified	Sex	Number of formal primary notifications of new cases of tuberculosis											Total all ages	Total notifications
Form of tuberculosis notified	Sex	0-	1-	5-	10-	15-	20-	26-	35-	46-	65-	65+	Total all ages	Total notifications

Page 19

Table 12—New cases of tuberculosis in London found by other means than notification

Form of tuberculosis	Sex	New cases of tuberculosis coming to knowledge otherwise than by formal notification
Form of tuberculosis	Sex	0-	1-	5-	10-	15-	20-	25-	35-	45-	55-	65 +	Total

Page 19

The sources of information as to the unnotified cases shown above were as follows:—

Source of information		Number of cases
Source of information		Pulmonary	Non-pulmonary

Page 19

Table 13—Numbers on the registers, for the whole county, 1940-1945

	1940	1941	1942	1943	1944	1945

Page 21

The following is a summary of work done at the London clinics for all areas during the undermentioned years :—

Year	New cases								Total venereal cases			Total non-venereal cases
	Syphilis			S. Chancre			Gonorrhoea		Total venereal cases			Total non-venereal cases
	M.	F.		M.	F.		M.	F.	M.		F.	M.		F.

Page 23

The following statement summarises the work of the past three years:—

	1943		1944		1945
	M.	F.	M.	F.	M.	F.

Page 24

Examinations by the Council's ophthalmologists—

Classification	Certified blind			Not blind			Grand total
Classification	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female	Total	Grand total

Page 25

The number of recommendations for residential treatment with the corresponding figures for 1944 and 1938 were:—

Year	For the first period of treatment				For further treatment				Total
	Ex-Service	Civilian adults		Children	Ex- Service	Civilian adults		Children
	Ex-Service	Male	Female	Children	Ex- Service	Male	Female	Children

Page 25

Patients recommended for treatment during the year were dealt with as follows (the corresponding figures for 1944 and 1938 are also shown):—

	Adults			Children
	1945	1944	1938	1945	1944	1938

Page 27

The following is a summary of the work done during the year, with corresponding figures for 1944 shown in brackets:—

	Number		Per cent. of miniatures

Page 28

Continued from previous page...

	Number		Per cent,. of miniatures

Page 36

The numbers of patients admitted during 1945, compared with 1938 and 1944 are shown below:—

	1938	1944	1945$

Page 51

At the end of 1944 the undermentioned "Special parties" were in the reception areas:—

	Number of parties	Children in residence	Accommodation

Page 51

The position in December, 1945, was as follows:—

	Number of parties	Children in residence	Accommodation

Page 52

Particulars of detailed examinations at these schools during 1944 and 1945 are:—

Age group	1945	1944

Page 52

The following comparisons relate to the children examined in the four age groups in 1945 and in the two most recent war-time years, and those examined in the same age groups in 1938, the last complete pre-war year of medical inspection:—

	1945	1944	1943	1938

Page 54

Continued from previous page...

(a)	1945	1944	1943	1942	1938

Page 55

The numbers of children provided with school meals and milk in primary and secondary schools and junior technical institutes in London on a typical school day in June, 1945, were as follows:—

Type of school	No. in attendance on selected day	Number who had dinner		Number who had milk
Type of school	No. in attendance on selected day	Number who had dinner		1/3pint		2/3pint
		Free	Paying	Free	Paying	Free	Paying

Page 55

The percentages of the number of children in attendance who had school meals and milk were:—

	Meals	Milk

Page 56

Similar figures for a typical day in October, 1945, were:—

Type of school	No. in attendance on selected day	Number who had dinner		Number who had milk
Type of school	No. in attendance on selected day	Number who had dinner		1/3pint		2/3pint
		Free	Payinq	Free	Paying	Free	Paying

Page 58

MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES The following table shows the number of mental patients of all classes undergoing treatment in mental hospitals and institutions for the mentally defective during 1945:—

	Lunacy and Mental Treatment Acts				Uncertified senile patients	M.D. Acts	Total
	Certified	Voluntary	Temporary	Lunacy Acts Sections 24 &25	Uncertified senile patients	M.D. Acts	Total

Page 59

At Mill Hill, in 1945, the total numbers of patients treated were:—

In-Patients		Male	Female	Children	Total

Page 60

Attendances in 1945 (half-year) were:—

	New patients	Attendances

London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972

View report tables

London County Council 1945

41 tables in this report

The principal elements in population trend are shown in the following statement (rates per 1,000 living—civilians):—

There were 5,178 illegitimate births (11.4 per cent. of the total live births). Percentages in recent years are :—

There were 1,095 still births in 1945 or 2.35 per cent. of all births (legitimate 2.27, illegitimate 2.92). Rates in recent years are :—

The basic figures in respect of the hazards of childbirth are as given below. Detailed figures for the metropolitan boroughs are shown in tables 1 and 8 and comparative figures for England and Wales in recent years are shown in table 7, page 17.

There were only 171 deaths (0.066 per thousand) from influenza during the influenza year. During the war years the deaths were:-

The civilian death-rates in 1945 in London and for the whole country were:-

Detailed figures in respect of notifications are shown in tables 11-13, on page 19. Excluding non-civilian cases, in order to relate the notifications to the civilian population, the rates of occurrence of new cases in recent years are as follows

Table 1—Vital statistics for the metropolitan boroughs and the County of London in the year 1945 (Rates per 1,000 of population)

Table 2—County of London—Principal vital statistics, 1891-1945

Table 3—Administrative County of London—Civilian deaths in 1945

Table 3—Administrative County of London—Civilian deaths in 1945—continued

Table 4—Road deaths by age 1940-45

Table 5—County of London—Infant mortality, 1945

Table 6—Infant mortality in London by cause 1911—1945 (Rates per 1,000 live births)

Table 7—Mortality in childbirth—London and England and Wales 1934-45 (Rates per 1,000 live births)

Table 8—Maternal mortality in London 1931-45

Table 9— Death rates from certain infectious diseases—London and England and Wales—1933-45 Rates are per 1,000 living except for diarrhoea and enteritis where it is expressed per 1,000 live births

Table 10—County of London—Notifiable infectious diseases—Annual number of notifications and numbers per 1,000 of population—1933-1945

Table 11—Tuberculosis—Primary notifications in London during the year 1945

Table 12—New cases of tuberculosis in London found by other means than notification

The sources of information as to the unnotified cases shown above were as follows:—

Table 13—Numbers on the registers, for the whole county, 1940-1945

The following is a summary of work done at the London clinics for all areas during the undermentioned years :—

The following statement summarises the work of the past three years:—

Examinations by the Council's ophthalmologists—

The number of recommendations for residential treatment with the corresponding figures for 1944 and 1938 were:—

Patients recommended for treatment during the year were dealt with as follows (the corresponding figures for 1944 and 1938 are also shown):—

The following is a summary of the work done during the year, with corresponding figures for 1944 shown in brackets:—

Continued from previous page...

The numbers of patients admitted during 1945, compared with 1938 and 1944 are shown below:—

At the end of 1944 the undermentioned "Special parties" were in the reception areas:—

The position in December, 1945, was as follows:—

Particulars of detailed examinations at these schools during 1944 and 1945 are:—

The following comparisons relate to the children examined in the four age groups in 1945 and in the two most recent war-time years, and those examined in the same age groups in 1938, the last complete pre-war year of medical inspection:—

Continued from previous page...

The numbers of children provided with school meals and milk in primary and secondary schools and junior technical institutes in London on a typical school day in June, 1945, were as follows:—

The percentages of the number of children in attendance who had school meals and milk were:—

Similar figures for a typical day in October, 1945, were:—

MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES The following table shows the number of mental patients of all classes undergoing treatment in mental hospitals and institutions for the mentally defective during 1945:—

At Mill Hill, in 1945, the total numbers of patients treated were:—

Attendances in 1945 (half-year) were:—