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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

London County Council 1928

[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for London County Council]

Published
1929
Pages
259
Tables
151

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151 tables in this report

  • Page -
    Table 1.
    Mental hospital.Beds.
    Males.Females.Total.
  • Page 5
    8. On the basis of schemes at present approved, or in contemplation, the numbers of beds at the mental hospitals which may be expected to be available for use in two or three years' time are approximately as follow:—
    Male.Female.Total.
  • Page 6
    12. The numbers of patients resident on 1st January, 1929, were:— Table 2.
    Mental hospital.Males.Females.Total.
  • Page 6
    Table 3.
    Males.Females.Total.
  • Page 7
    Table 3—continued.
    Males.Females.Total.
  • Page 7
    17. On 1st January, 1929, the contracts in force were as follows:— Table 4.
    Mental hospital.Number contracted for.Charge a head a week provided for in the original contract.Charge a head a week on 1st January. 1929.Date of commencement.Full term of contract.Date of expiry.
  • Page 8
    18. The following table shews the total number of lunatics for whom the Council has been responsible to find accommodation on 1st January, in certain years since 1890*:— Table 5.
    Date.Parish and county patients.Chargeable to Prison Commissioners.Patients on private list, etc., and private patients at Horton.Total.Increase.Decrease.
  • Page 9
    22. Details of the total number of lunatics (excluding male private patients at Claybury Hall) under the care of public authorities in London responsible for dealing with them are as follows:— Table 6.
    Date.Lunatics under reception orders in County or Borough mental hospitals.Lunatics in M.A.B. mental hospitals.Lunatics in workhouses or with relatives and friends.Total number of lunatics.Annual increase or decrease of
    Lunatics under reception orders.Total number of lunatics.
    (i)(ii.)(iii.)(iv.)(v.)(vi.)
    lst January—IncreaseDecreaseIncreaseDecrease
  • Page 10
    Table 7.
    1918-191919-201920-211921-221922-231923-211924-251925-261926-271927-281928-29
  • Page 10
    Table 8.
    Mental hospital.Patients discharged "recovered" between 1895 and 1928Number of such patients readmitted to any London mental hospital up to 31st March, 1929.Percentage of readmissions in col. (ii) to discharges "recovered" in col. (i).Number of patients in col. (i) readmitted to any London mental hospital within twelve months of their discharge up to 31st March, 1929.Percentage of readmissions in col. (iv) to discharges "recovered" in col. (i)
    (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(v)
  • Page 11
    Table 9.
    Hospital.Admissions—1928.Total number under treatment, 1928.*
    Direct.IndirectTotal.
    (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)
    M.F.Total.M.F.Total.M.F.Total.M.F.Total.
  • Page 11
    Table 10.
    Hospital.Discharged (excluding transfers to other mental hospitals, but including eases sent for further care in institutions of the M.A.B.)—1928.Died, 1928.
    Recovered.To care of friends on undertakings under sec. 79 of the Lunacy Act, 1890.Relieved or not improved, otherwise than under col. ii.*Total discharges.
    (i)(ii)(iii)(v)
    M.F.Total.M.F.Total.M.F.Total.(iv)M.F.Total.
  • Page 12
    Table 11.
    Hospital.Remaining on registers 31st December, 1928.Average daily number on registers, 31st Dec., 1928.Percentages of recoveries on total admissions, 1928.
    (i)(ii)(iii)
    M.F.Total.M.F.Total.M.F.Total.
  • Page 12
    Table 12.
    Hospital.Percentage of total recoveries on direct admissons, 1928.Percentage of recoveries yielded by direct admissions on the direct admissionsPercentage of deaths on average daily number on registers, 1928.
    (i)(ii)(iii)
    M.F.Total.M.F.Total.M.F.Total.
  • Page 13
    Table 13.
  • Page 14
    Table 14.
    Date, 1st January.Chargeable to the County.Chargeable to London boards of Guardians and the County.Date, 1st January.Chargeable to the County.Chargeable to London boards of Guardians and the County.
  • Page 14
    Table 15.
    "Service" patients at the hospital at 31st. March, 1928.Admission of patients who have had military service.Patients classified as "Service" patients during the year."Service" patients discharged or transferred during the year."Service" patients died during the year."Service" patients remaining at 31st. March, 1929.
    Under Section 91 of Army Act.Under summary reception orders.Transferred from other mental hospitals.
    Unclassified.Service patients.
  • Page 15
    49. During 1928-29 the following cases were helped by the Association in the manner indicated:-
    Home visits.Placed in cottage homes.Placed in situations.Old cases, i.e., before 1928, helped in various ways.
  • Page 16
    50. Grants have been made from this private fund during the year, for the relief of deserving patients upon their discharge "recovered" from the mental hospitals. The number of cases in which grants were made at each of the London County mental hospitals during the year ended 31st March, 1929, and the amounts expended were as follows:—
    No. of patients receiving grants.Total amount of grants.
    M.F.Total.M.F.Total.
    £s.d.£s.d.£s.d.
  • Page 18
    58. Alterations and additions to the buildings and fittings, and other structural works which have been carried out at the mental hospitals are set out below. The statement does not include minor works carried out at small cost:—
    Banstead menial hospital.£s.d.
  • Page 19
    Claybury Mental Hospital—continued.£s.d.
  • Page 20
    West Park mental hospital—continued.£s.d.
  • Page 22
    70. The numbers of patients treated at the hospital during the twelve months ended 31st December, 1928, were made up as follows.:—
    Out-patients.Numbers treated.Disposed of in out-patient department during 1928.Admitted to wards from out-patient department during 1928.Still attending on 31.12.28.
    M.F.T.M.F.T.M.F.T.M.F.T.
  • Page 26
    97. The income and expenditure on maintenance account upon mental hospitals, etc., during the year ended 31st March, 1929, is shown in the following table in comparison with the amounts for the previous twelve years:—
    Year ended. 31st March.Income.Expenditure.Year ended 31st March.IncomeExpenditure.
  • Page 29
    Table 1.
    Source of information.Total.
    Miscellaneous sources.London Association for Mental Welfare.Education authority.Poor-law authorities.Criminal cases.
    Charged with offences before a court of criminal jurisdiction (Sec. 8).Prisons (Sec. 9).Industrial schools (Sec. 9).
  • Page 30
    Table 2.
    Occupation.Number of defectives employed.Occupation.Number of defectives employed.
  • Page 31
    Table 2—continued.
    Occupation.Number of defectives employed.Occupation.Number of defectives employed.
  • Page 32
    Table 3.
    Centre.Address.Sessions a week.Average number on roll.Average daily attendance.
  • Page 35
    Table 4.
    ToAt the rate of
  • Page 35
    Table 5.
    Institution.Males.Females.Institution.Males.Fe- males.
  • Page 36
    Table 6.
    Institution.Religion.Class of defective received.Charges.
    By contract.Supplemental payments.
    Maintenance (a week).Burials.Outfits.Maintenance (a week)Burials.Outfits
  • Page 37
    Continued from previous page...
    Institution.Religion.Class of defective received.Charges.
    By contract.Supplemental payments
    Maintenance (a week).Burials.Outfits.Maintenance (a week)Burials.Outfits.
  • Page 38
    Continued from previous page...
    Institution.Religion.Class of defective received.Charges.
    By contract.Supplemental payments.
    Maintenance a week.Burials.Outfits.Maintenance (a week)Burials.Outfits.
  • Page 45
    Table 7.
    (1) Cases under contribution.(2) Sum accrued.(3) Sum collected.(4) Percentage of (3) to (2).(5) Sum written off.(6) Sum outstanding.
    £s.d.£s.d.£s.d.£s.d.
  • Page 45
    Table 8.
    In 7 cases, orders made to pay amounts totalling:—17 cases adjourned upon undertaking: to pay being given.In 6 cases, amounts paid at Court before proceedings, totalling:—In 3 cases summons adjourned, sine die.
    Arrears.Costs.Arrears.Arrears.Costa.Arrears.
    £s.d.£s.d.£s.d.£s.d.£s.d.£s.d.
  • Page 46
    Table 9.
    Name of institution.On leave of absence on 1st Jan,. 1928.Granted leave of absence during 1928.No. of licences revoked during 1928.No. of cases on licence whose orders were discharged during 1928.No. of cases on licence transferred to guardianship.Died whilst on leave during 1928.No. of cases still on licence on 31st Dec., 1928.
    M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.
  • Page 46
    Table 10.
    Occupation.Number of defectives employed.Occupation.Number of defectives employed.
  • Page 47
    Table 11.
    MALES.FEMALES.Total.
    ai1ult.Juvenile.Adult.Juvenile.
    Supervision.Institution.Guardianship.Supervision.Institution.Guardianship.Supervision.Institution.-Guardianship.Supervision.Institution.Guardian ship.
  • Page 47
    Table 12.
    Cause of Death.MALE.FEMALE.Total.
    Supervision.Institutional Care.Supervision.Institutional Care.
    Feebleminded.Imbecile.Idiot.Feebleminded.Imbecile.Idiot.Feebleminded.Imbecile.Idiot.Feebleminded.Imbecile.Idiot.
  • Page 48
    Continued from previous page...
    Cause of Death.MALE.FEMALE.Total.
    Supervision.Institutional Care.Supervision.Institutional Care.
    Feebleminded.Imbecile.Idiot.Feebleminded.Imbecile.Idiot.Feebleminded.Imbecile.Idiot.Feebleminded.Imbecile.Idiot
  • Page 48
    Table 13. Sources from which information has been received of cases of alleged mental defect.
    Period.
    Source of information.From 1st Apr.,1914, to 31st. Dec.,1928.During 1928 only.
  • Page 49
    Removed from active list—
  • Page 49
    (b) Summary of action taken during the year 1928:—
  • Page 50
    APPENDIX I. Financial statement showing the cost of administration of the Mental Deficiency Act during the year ended 31st March, 1929. (As appearing in Council's grant claim, upon Board of Control).
    £s.d.£s.d.£s.d.
  • Page 51
    APPENDIX II. Return of expenditure (and cost per head) during the financial year ended 31st March, 1929, on maintenance of defectives at institutions provided by the Council.
    Heading.Cost per patient weekly.
    Brunswick House.South Side Home.The Manor.Farmfield.
  • Page -
    London Smallpox Notifications for the 52 weeks ended 29th December, 1928.
    Metropolitan Borough.No. of cases Notified.Not confinned.Total (Confirmed cases).Metropolitan Borough.No. of cases Notified.Not confirmed.Total (Confirmed cases).
  • Page -
    The vaccinal condition at the time of infection of the 285 confirmed cases was as follows:—
    Vaccinal condition.Ages.
    0—3—5—10—20—30—40—50—60—70—80 +Total.
  • Page -
    While stressing the difficulty of determining the general case mortality for various age groups, Dr. Halliday states that taking the case mortality at age 5.10 years as unity, the figure for other ages appears to be:—
    Age.Case mortality (Ages 5-10 as the unit standard).
  • Page -
    London.—Calculated deaths in childbirth (i) per 1,000 married women, (ii) per 1,000 births, at stated age periods 1861-1927; also fertility rates (legitimate births per 100 married women 15-45) and death rates from all causes among females 15-45:—
    Period.Mortality per 1,000 married women.Mortality per 1,000 live-bom children.Fertility rates.Death-rate all causes.
    15 -25 -35 -15-4515 -25 -35 -15-45
  • Page -
    The pre-natal, natal and post-natal mortality according to age of mother per 100,000 live born children was as follows:—
    Age.Death rates per 1,000 births.Percentage of total deaths.
    Pre-natal.Natal.Post-natal.Total.Pre-natal.Natal.Post-natal.Total.
  • Page -
    Approximate death rates in childbirth of married women per 1,000 children born alive—England and Wales, 1911-1921.
    Age.Death rates per 1,000 births.Percentage of total deaths.
    Pre-natal.Natal.Post-natal.Total.Pre-natal.Natal.Post-natal.Total.
  • Page -
    Taking the total mortality as 100 for each age in 1911-15 and 1921-25, the proportion of deaths attributable to pre-natal, natal and post-natal causes compare as follows:—
    Age.1911-1915.1921-1925.
    Pre-natal. per cent.Natal. per cent.Post-natal. per cent.Pre-natal. per cent.Natal. per cent.Post-natal. per cent.
  • Page -
    The mortality rates among married women in England and Wales for the two periods 1911-15 and 1921-25 in childbirth, and from all other causes, respectively,, were as follows:—
    Age.Married women. Death rate per 1,000 living from—
    Childbirth.All other causes.
    1911-15.1921-25.Decrease %.1911-15.1921-25.Decrease %.
  • Page -
    The following table shows the approximate mortality in child-birth according to age of mother (i) per 1,000 legitimate live births, (ii) per 1,000 married women for the period 1920-1927:—
    Group.Per 1,000 married women aged—Per 1,000 legitimate births to women aged—
    15—2525—4515—4515—2525—4515—45
  • Page -
    Nature of skilled attendance at delivery, or at death if before delivery— Aberdeen, 1918-27. Deaths per 1,000 deliveries.
    Cause of death.Cases delivered by
    Doctors.Midwives.Institutions.
  • Page -
    The case-mortality from puerperal fever in relation to parity was ascertained, with four exceptions, in the midwives' practice of London in 1911-14, the figures being as follows:—
    Number of confinement. 1stCases of puerperal fever.Deaths.Case Mortality.
  • Page -
    Table of age incidence (actual cases).
    Age periods.Under 3.3-5.5-10.10- 20.20-30.30-40.40-50.50-60.Over 60.Total.
  • Page -
    Table of yearly prevalence (notified cases).
    Year.1916.1917.1918.1919.1920.1921.1922.1923.1924.1925.1926.1927.1928.
  • Page -
    and in the following table the age distribution of deaths is shown in comparison with similar figures for certain earlier epidemics:—
    1890190019191929
    Age-group.(year)(year)(lst quarter)(1st quarter)
  • Page -
    In addition to the primary cases notified on forms A and B shown in the above tables, a number of cases came to the knowledge of Medical Officers of Health, otherwise than by notification. These figures include cases not notified before death:—
    Form of tulierculosis notified.Sex.New cases of tuberculosis coining to knowledge otherwise than by notification on forms A and B.
    0-1-5-10-15-20-25-35-45-55-65 +Total.
  • Page -
    The source of information as to the unnotified cases shown in the above table was as follows:—
    Source of Information.No. of Cases.
    Pulmonary.Non-pulmonary
  • Page -
    Vital statistics for the several metropolitan boroughs and the County of London in the year 1928. (Rates per 1,000 of civil population.)
    Metropolitan borouglis. (ArrangedId topographical order.)Estimated civil population. 1928.Births.Deaths.Infant mortality (per 1,000 births).MeaslesScarlet fever.Diphtheria.Whooping cough.Typhoid fever.Diarrhœa and Enteritis, age 0-2 (per 1,000 births).Phthisis.Pneu-monia.Bronchitis.Maternal nty (per 1,000 births)Notified rases of infectious disease.(a)
    Scarlet fever.Diphtheria.Ty Pho id fever.Erysipelas.Cerebrospinal fever.Acute pneumonia.
  • Page -
    COUNTY OF LONDON. Statistics of the administrative work carried out during the year 1928.
    Sanitary Authority.Cowsheds.Slaughterhouses .Offensive Trades.Smoke nuisances.Common lodging houses.Cleansing of persons and rooms.Water supply.Milk-shops.Ice cream premises.Restaurants and Eating Houses.
    No. licensed.No. of inspections.No. licensed.No. of inspections.No. authorised.No. of inspections.Observations.Intimations.Complaints.Notices.Houses licensed.Authorised lodgers.Pcrsops.Rooms or premises.Tenement houses extra supply.No. on register.No. of inspections.No. on register.No. of inspections.No. of places.No. of inspections.
    AdultsChildren.After infectious diseases.For vermin.
  • Page -
    COUNTY OF LONDON. Statistics of the administrative work carried out during the year 1928.
    Borough.No. of houses.No. of houses inspected.No. of notices served.No. of houses repaired or nuisances remedied under P.H. Act.No. of houses repaired under Section 3 of Housing Act.Underground rooms.Overcrowding.Houses let in lodgings.No. of houses closed bv owner.No. of houses for the working classesHouses unfit for habitation.
    Representations.Closing orders.Demolition orders.
    In borough.1 Occupied by the working classes.Complaints or illness.House to house.Under P.H. Act.Under Housing Act.
    No. illegally occupied.No. closed or otherwise remedied.Instances found.No. remedied.No. on register.No. of inspections.Erected during year.In course of erection.No. made.No. of houses.No. made.No. determined.No. made.No. of houses demolished.
    Intimation.Statutory.
    By owners.By L.A.Jn pursuance of orders.Voluntarily.
  • Page -
    A comparison with the sampling of imported milk is made in the following table:—
    Imported Milk. (Figures for year ended 30th June, 1923.)London Milk.
    % Tubercular.% Intercurrent.% Tubercular.% Intercurrent.
  • Page -
    The diminution in the number of new cases as compared with the previous year may be explained by the fact that one large treatment centre ceased to participate in the scheme after 31st March, 1928, but continued to treat patients suffering from these diseases.
    Year.Syphilis.Gononhcea.Soft chancre.Non-venereal.Total.
  • Page -
    The distribution of new cases of venereal disease between the sexes is shown in the following table, the figures for the preceding years being given for comparison.
    Year.New cases.Total venereal cases.
    Syplilis.Soft chancre.Gonorrhœa.
    M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.
  • Page -
    Comparative figures for the twelve years during which the scheme has been in force are shown in the following table:—
    Year.New eases.Total.Attendances.In-patient, days.
    Venereal.Non-venereal.
  • Page -
    Another point worthy of note is the total number of examinations made of Pathology pathological specimens. Comparative figures for the twelve years are shown in the and bactericlogy. following table:—
    Year.Pathological examinations. For treatment centres. For private practitioners.
  • Page -
    Tuberculosis Dispensaries—analysis of Returns, Jan.-dec., 1928.
    BoroughOn Dispensary Register, 1-1-28.Transferred during 1928 from other areas and lost sight of cases returnedExamined for first time during 1928. (à) New cases excluding contacts. (b) Contacts (printed in italics).Total number (including contacts) under dispensary supervision during 1928.Removed from Dispensary Register during 1928.On Dispensary Register on 31-12-28.Total attendances.Visits to homes for dispensary purposes byNo. of specimens o sputun examined
    Diagnosis completed.Under observation.Pulmonary.Non-Pulmonary.Doubtfully Tuberculous.Non-Tuberculous.Total.(a) Cured. (b) Diagnosis not confirmed or non-t.b. (printed in italics).M Transferred to other areas or lost sight of. (b) Died (printed in italics).Diagnosis completed.Under Observation.
    Adults.Children.Adults.Children.Adults.Children.Adults.Children.Adults.Children.Tuberculosis Officer.Dispensary Nurse.
  • Page -
    Tuberculosis Dispensaries—analysis of Returns, Jan.-dec., 1928.
  • Page -
    Adults.—The number of adult cases investigated was 3,017, which included 192 surgical cases. The following table shows the result of the enquiry and also (in brackets) the corresponding figures ascertained from last year's enquiry into the 1921 cases.
    *Class.Total.Percentage alive five years after discharge.Percentage dead
  • Page -
    The mortality records are as follows. (The figures in brackets refer to last year's enquiry into the 1921 cases.)
    Class.Total.Percentage alive live years after discharge.Percentage dead.
  • Page -
    The mortality rates of the non-pulmonary cases classified according to the location of the disease are as follows:—
    Total.Percentage alive live years after discharge.Percentage dead.
  • Page -
    The following table indicates the number of applications from adults for residential treatment during each of the last five years:—
    Applications for lirst period of treatment.Applications for further treatment.Total applications.
    Ex-Service.Civilian male.Female.Ex-Service.Civilian male.Female.
  • Page -
    During the year 1,208 patients were discharged from" observation beds" and their classification was as follows (the corresponding figures for 1927 in pulmonary cases are also given):—
    Pulmonary.1928.1927.
    Number.Percentage.Number.Percentage.
  • Page -
    The condition of the children under 15 years of age (on admission) who were discharged from residential institutions in 1928 is indicated in the following table (children of 15 years of age are included with adults owing to requirements of the Ministry of Health). The figures in brackets are those for 1927:—
    Immediate results of treatment.Classification.Surgical.T otals.
    A.Bl.B2.B3.
  • Page -
    Open-air Baths fitted with special plant for filtration, disinfection and aeration.
    No. of samples.Highest count. No. of Colonies per c.c.Presence of B. coli.
  • Page -
    Open-air Baths and Pools with no filtration or disinfecting plant.
    No. of simples.Count of Colonies per c.c.Presence of B coli.
    HighestLowest.Highest.Lowest.
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    The following table shows occupations:—
    DomesticsHawkersVan boys, etc.FactoryLabourersSchoolSoldiersSailorsOthersNil
  • Page -
    Table showing the ratio of mean visibility at the undermentioned places to that at County Hall, the County Hall being regarded as unity.
    Place and distance in miles from County Hall.Jan.Feb.Mar.April.May.June.July.Aug.Sept.Oct.Nov.Dec.
  • Page -
    "The following table shows the way in which these 708 nominations have been dealt with:—
    Boys.Girls.Boys.Girls.
  • Page -
    "The sources of reference of the children seen are shown in the following table:—
    Centre.School medical officer.Hospitals.Private doctor.Other treatment centres.Invalid Children's Aid Association.Care commttee.Parents.Head teachers.
  • Page -
    "Since the matter of moment in rheumatic children is the condition of the heart, it is of interest to note this feature in the children seen:—
    Elizabeth Bullock Centre—Nil.Congenital.Suspicious.Definite.
  • Page -
    "The following table shows the lines upon which the children were treated. The numbers total more than the actual children seen, as some of them appear in two columns, e.g., excluded school while waiting institutional treatment.
    Centre.School and no restrictions.School and restrictions.Treatment while attending school.Treatment and excluded from school.Institutional treatment.Convalescence.P.D.
  • Page -
    Dr. Mabel Russell has analysed the age of onset of the acute attack from 100 cases of "authentic rheumatism."
  • Page -
    Visual Acuity Results (Percentages).
    Age group.Normal vision. (Not worse than 8.)Moderately subnormal vision (ft).Poor vision, (ft or worse.)
    Better eye.Both eyes.Better eye.Worse eye.Better eye.Worse eye.
    Jews.Gilts.Jews.Gnts.Jews.Gnts.Jews.Gnts.Jews.Gnts.Jews.Gnts.
  • Page -
    Retinoscopy Percentages. (Mean of 4 Meridians).
    Age group.em.hi.h2.Mi.lt2.
    Jews.Gnts.Jews.Gnts.Jews.Gnts.Jews.Gnts.Jews.Gnts.
  • Page -
    Table A, showing the intelligence quotients of the 100 children divided into eight groups.
    Cephalic index.Intelligence quotients.Total.
    66—75.76—85.86—95.96—105..106-115.116-125.126-135.136-145.
  • Page -
    Table B, showing the intelligence quotients of Gentiles.
    Cephalic index.Intelligence quotients.Total.
    66—75.76—85.86—95.96-105.106-115.116-125.] 126-135-136-145.
  • Page -
    Table C, showing the intelligence quotients of Jews.
    Cephalic index.Intelligence quotients.Total.
    66—75.76—85.86—95.96—105.106-115.116-125.126-135.136-145.
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    Table D, showing the cephalic indices of all cases.
    Mean myopia in dioptres.Cephalic indices.Total.
    Dolichocephaly under 75.Mesaticephaly 75.1—79 .9.Brachycephaly 80—85.Hyperbrachycephaly 85.l and above.
  • Page -
    Table E, showing the intelligence quotients with relation to the myopia in dioptres, calculated from the mean of the four meridians of the two eyes.
    Mean myopia in dioptres.Intelligence quotients.Total.
    66—75.| 76—85.86—95.96—105.106-115.116-125.126-135.136-145.
  • Page -
    Among these 1,510 children the effect upon health of the visit to the hop gardens as judged by the doctors at the re-examinations, is given in the table below:—
    Health improved.Health deteriorated.Health unchanged.Total.
  • Page -
    Number of mothers who go out to work:—
    Good Area.Demolition Area.
  • Page -
    An interesting observation was the length of time the individual children had lived in their present homes:—
    As long as the child remembered.Good Area.
    Moved-
    from same neighbourhood.from different neighbourhood.
  • Page -
    The result of the enquiry is here tabulated:—
    Unhealthy conditions.16 "X" street children.16 controls.
  • Page -
    1st Re-inspections, 1928.
    Treated.Not treated.
    By private doctor.Under Council's scheme.At other hospitals.Discharged cleared up.Improved for observation only.Still needing treatment.
    Cured.Not cured.Cured.Not cured.Cured.Not cured.
  • Page -
    2nd Re-inspections, 1928.
    Treated.Not treated.
    By private doctor.Under Council's scheme.At other hospitals.Discharged cleared up.Improved for observation only.Still needing treatment.
    Cured.Not cured.Cured.Not cured.Cured.Not cured.
  • Page -
    Particulars of All Cases.
    Divi-sion.Total examinations made.Total cases examined.New cases.Cured cases.Lapsed cases.Relapsed cases.Current file.Discharged on 1st visit.
    Patients.Ears.Patients.Ears.Pa-tients.Ears.Patients.Ears.Patients.Ears.Patients.Ears.Patients.Ears.
  • Page -
    Purely Deaf Cases.
    Division.Total examinations made.Total cases examined.New cases.Cases cured.Cases improved.
    Patients.Ears.Patients.Ears.Patients.Ears.Patients.Ears.Patients.Ears.
  • Page -
    Analysis or Otorrhœa Cases.
    Cause of suppuration.Total ears.Cured.Referred for mastoid operation.Lapsed.Still under treatment.
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    Particulars of the examinations and the results of the cleansing scheme during the past five years are given below:—
    Year.Examinations at rota visits.Verminous conditions noted at rota visits.Per cent.Verminous children referred to centres.Subsequently cleansed by parents.Verminous children cleansed at centres.Scabies cases bathed at centres.
  • Page -
    The subjoined table gives the average increase in weight of children admitted to the King's Canadian Camp School:—
    Date of admission.No. admitted.Average gain in lbs. after 4 weeks' stay.
    District.
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    Continued from previous page...
    Date of admission.No. admitted.District.Average gain in lbs. after 4 weeks' stay.
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    The numbers of cases of infectious diseases reported by the teachers as occurring among school children during the course of the year, compared with similar figures in the preceding four years, are shown below:—
    Year.Diphtheria.Scarlet fever.Measles and German measles.Whooping cough.Chicken pox.Mumps.Scabies.Ophthalmia.Ringworm.
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    The following table shows the numbers of schools visited and the numbers of children examined in connection with investigations into the occurrence of scarlet fever and diphtheria in the Council's schools during 1928:—
    Division.Diphtheria.Scarlet fever.
    No. of visits.No. of depts. visited.No. of schools visited.No. of children examined.No. of visits.No. of depts. visited.No. of schools visited.No. of children examined.
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    It is impossible at present to estimate to what exten' Schick testing and immunisation are being practised by medical practitioners in a private capacity.
    Schick tested.Positive.Immunised.
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    The incidence corresponds closely with previous epidemics as will be noted below :
    Cases reported from schools.
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    Incidence of Measles among School Children for the Seven Months ended 30th June, 1928. Numbers of Cases of Measles Reported by Head Teachers.
    School Medical Division and Metropolitan Borough.December, 4 weeks.January, 4 weeks.February, 4 weeks.March, 5 weeks.April, 4 weeks.May, 4 weeks.June, 4 weeks.Total, 29 weeks.Approximate rate per 1,000 children in average attendance (1927-28).Rate per 1,000 above or below mean for London.
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    School Medical Division and Metropolitan Borough.December, 4 weeks.January, 4 weeks.February, 4 weeks.March, 5 weeks.April, 4 weeks.May, 4 weeks.June, 4 weeks.Total, 29 weeks.Approximate rate per 1,000 children in average attendance (1027-28).Rate per 1,000 above or below mean for London.
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    The following table shows the monthly distribution of deaths:—
    December (5 weeks).January.February.March (5 weeks).April.May.Total.
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    Out of 1,357 deaths at all ages, 1,249 occurred among children under five years of age (see tabular statement below):—
    Age.0—1.1—2.2—5.5—1515 and over.Total.
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    but the figures suffice to indicate that whereas the actual prevalence remains stationary within comparatively small limits, the mortality has progressively declined during the past four quinquennia.
    Quinquennium.No. of cases reported among school children.No. of deaths (all ages).
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    The time devoted by the nurses and the results of their visits is shown in the following table: —
    Division.No. of hours devoted to measles work.No. of definite cases of measles excluded by nurse and reported to M.O.H.No. of suspicious cases excluded by nurse.No. of absentees reported to D.O.No. of suspicious cases excluded by nurse which subsequently proved to be measles.No. of suspicious absentees reported to D.O. which were confirmed as definite cases of measles.
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    The following table shows the number of homes in which nursing assistance was provided by 28 borough authorities, the number of cases removed to M.A.B. and other hospitals, and the number of deaths occuring (a) at home, and (b) in hospitals:—
    Nursing assistance.Removed to hospitals.Deaths.
    M.A.B.Others.At home.In hospital.
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    Dr. Sowden, medical officer of health of St. Pancras, provided some very useful, though disturbing, information in regard to hospital treatment as regards the cases in his borough, and in this connection the following table is illuminating:—
    Ages.Total number of cases.Kemoved to M.A.B. hospitals.Removed to Highgate Hospital.Nursed at home.Cases outside boro'.
    No.Died.%No.Died.%No.Died.%No.Died.%
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    Ringworm continues to decline as win ne noted in tne table below.
    Year.Fresh cases.Cured cases.Cases outstanding at the end of the year.Percentage of cures effected by X-ray treatment.
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    The following table shows the number of children nominated for examination and the recommendations made:—
    Defect.Number nominated.Suitable for admission toReturned to elementary school.Invalided.Notified under M.D. Act.
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    Examinations were also conducted in 107 cases with a view to ascertaining their fitness for education in industrial or reformatory schools with the following results:—
    Recommended as suitable forBoys.Girls.Total.
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    The following statement shows the nature of the conditions found among the children certified as suitable for admission to physically defective schools at the admission examinations during the year:—
    Morbid condition.Boys.Girls.Total,Morbid condition.Boys.Girls.Total.
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    The following table shows the number of children who improved to such an Decertificaextent that they were able to return from the special (P.D.) schools to the ordinary tion of P.D. elementary schools or are " no longer certifiable " as defective between the ages of Children14 and 16 years.
    Defect.Cases passed no longer certifiable.Cases passed fit to return to elementary school
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    The following statement shows an analysis of the 470 cases for admission to special (P.D.) schools, in which the children were either returned to elementary schools or invalided.
    Condition from which child was or had been suffering.Returned to elementary schools. Invalided.Condition from which child was or had been suffering.Returned to elementary schools.Invalided
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    Return for year ended 31st December, 1928, of the after-careers of children formerly attending special schools for the mentally defective, apart from those whose names have been forward to the Local Control Authority for action under the Mental Deficiency Acts, 1913-1927:—
    M.F.Total.
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    Continued from previous page...
    3.Number employed in—M.F.Total.
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    An investigation was made during the year of the records of 4,061 children who were in the P.D. schools of London at Easter, 1928. The following table shows the number in attendance at P.D. Special Schools, Easter, 1928, and the special defect classified in sex and age groups.
    Condition.Age 5—14 years.Age 14 + years.Grand total M. and F.Percentage.
    M.F.M.F.
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    The matter of the use of apparatus was also considered with the following results:—
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    The following table shows for each of the common varieties of crippling defects the percentages in which (a) apparatus is worn; (6) apparatus is not required; (c) apparatus is not worn, or has been discarded with or without medical advice.
    Condition.Apparatus worn.Apparatus not required or discarded on improvement.Apparatus not worn or discardec with or without advice.
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    The following table shows the number of cases notified to the local authority by the Education Authority under section 2 (2) of the Mental Deficiency Act, 1913, during the year 1928:—
    Boys.Girls.
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    Again adopting the plan of comparing three years, in the following table showing the work done, the numbers are placed in parallel columns:—
    Fit for1928.1927.1926.
    No.Percentage.No.Percentage.No.Percentage.
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    In accordance with the usual custom, the following analysis of the causes of deafness met with in the cases seen at the County Hall during 1928 is here given:—
    Boys.Girls.Totals.
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    Acquired Cases.—The analysis of the acquired cases gives the following results :—
    Boys.Girls.Totals.
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    The following table gives a summary of the cases of educational deafness seen at the County Hall in the 10 years 1919-1928 inclusive, and, since the total number reaches over 1,500, some reliance may be placed upon the conclusions which may be drawn therefrom:—
    1919.1920.1921.1922.1923192119251926|l9271928.Totals.
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    7,454 entrants to the permanent service and candidates for the award of scholarships presented themselves for examination during the year. The following table indicates the numbers submitted for each grade and the results of the examinations:—
    Status.Number examined.Number fit.Number rejected.Number who withdrew after being referred for remediable defects or were not due for re-examination until 1929.
    Male.Female.Male.Female.Male.Female.Male.Female.
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    31st December, 1928, there were 229 new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis (viz., 81 males and 148 females), the after-history of which may be outlined as follows:—
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    In these cases the length of service prior to the appearance of the illness was noted and arranged in five year intervals, viz.:—
    Years of service.No. of cases.Years of service.No of cases.
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    The subjoined table shows in percentages the results from the early age group compared with those of the subsequent groups:—
    After-history.Date of onset.
    Early group (within 5 years.)Other groups (from 5 years to 40 years.)
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    TABLE I. Medical Inspections, 1928. ELEMENTARY AND SPECIAL SCHOOLS. (a) ROUTINE INSPECTIONS. (b) OTHER INSPECTIONS.
    Age group.Boys.Girls.Total.BoysGirls.Total.
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    TABLE II. (a) Defects found at Medical Inspections in 1928. ELEMENTARY AND SPECIAL SCHOOLS.
    Disease or defect.Routine inspections.Special inspections.
    Defects.Defects.
    Requiring treatment.Requiring observation.Requiring treatment.Requiring observation only.
    E.S.S.S.E.S.S.S.
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    Continued from previous page...
    Disease or defect.Routine inspections.Special inspections.
    Defects.Defects.
    Requiring treatment.Requiring observation.Requiring treatment.Requiring observation only.
    E.S.S.S.E.S.S.S.
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    (b) Children found at routine medical inspection to require treatment (excluding uncleanliness and dental disease).
    Age group.Inspected.Found to require treatment.Percentage requiring treatment.
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    TABLE III. Exceptional Children in London in 1928.
    Blind (including partiallyblind)—Boys.Girls.Total.
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    Continued from previous page...
    Deaf—continued.Boys.Girls.Total.
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    TABLE IV. Defects treated during 1928. TREATMENT TABLE. Group I.— Minor Ailments (excluding uncleanliness, for which see Group V.).
    Disease or defect.Defects treated or under treatment.
    Under Council's scheme.Otherwise.Total.
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    Group II.— Defective Vision and Squint (excluding eye defects treated as Minor Ailments, Group I.).
    Defect or disease.Defects dealt with.
    Under Council's scheme.Otherwise.Total.
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    Group III.— Treatment of Defects of Throat and Nose.
    Number of defects.
    Received operative treatment.Received other forms of treatment.Total number treated.
    Under Council's scheme.Private practitioner or hospital.Total.
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    Particulars with regard to common lodging-houses licensed by the Council are as follows:—
    Year.Houses licensed.Lodgers authorised.Prosecutions.Convictions.Penalties and costs.Cases of infectious disease
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    Particulars of seamen's lodging-houses licensed by the Council are as follows:—
    Year.Houses licensed.Lodgers authorised.Prosecutions.Convictions.Penalties and costs.Cases of infectious disease.
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    The following table gives particulars of licensed slaughterhouses, knackers yards and registered offensive businesses:—
    Year.Slaughterhouses.Knackers' yards.Offensive businesses.
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    The following table sets out (A) the original rates of subsidy payable by the State and by the Council, (B) the rates as amended in consequence of the first revision
    Housing, etc., Act, 1923—Grant for each house for 20 years.Housing (Financial Provisions) Act, 1924—Grant for each house for 40 years.
    To the City Corporation or a metropolitan borough council.To purchaser or builder of a new house for own occupation.To public utility society or the like or person maintaining a house for letting at weekly rent.To the City Corporation or a metropolitan borough council.To public utility society or the like.