Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for London County Council]
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14
Principal Zymotic Diseases.
The number of deaths in the administrative county of London from the principal zymotic
diseases, viz., smallpox, measles, scarlet fever, diphtheria, whooping cough, fever, and diarrhoea during
1895 was 11,485, giving an annual death rate of 2.62 per 1,000 living, compared with 2.65 in 1894
3.04 in 1893, 2.80 in 1892, and 2.27 in 1891.
In the period 1885-94 London had a higher death rate from the principal zymotic diseases than
any of the other English towns of more than 200,000 inhabitants, except Manchester, Liverpool,
Sheffield, West Ham, and Salford. In 1895 the London death rate was exceeded by the rates of all
these towns, except Bristol, Nottingham, and Bradford, as will be seen by the following table—
Towns. | 1885-94. | 1895. | Towns. | 1885-94. | 1895. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
London | 2.76 | 2.641 | Bristol | 2.11 | 324 |
Manchester | 3.39 | 3.73 | Nottingham | 2.50 | 1.30 |
Liverpool | 3.54 | 4.01 | Bradford | 2.38 | 2.23 |
Birmingham | 2.69 | 2.67 | Hull | 2.35 | 2.51 |
Leeds | 2.68 | 2.69 | Salford | 4.31 | 3.32 |
Sheffield | 3.23 | 3.17 | West Ham | 3.34 | 4.96 |
The London death rate from the first six of these principal zymotic diseases, viz., smallpox,
measles, scarlet fever, diphtheria, whooping cough, and fever was in 1885-94 higher than that of
Paris, Brussels, Amsterdam, Berlin, and Vienna; and in 1895 was only exceeded by those of
St. Petersburg and New York, thus—
1885-94. | 1895. | 1885-94. | 1895. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
London | 208 | 1.811 | St. Petersburg | 3.01 | 293 |
Paris | 1.84 | .82 | Berlin | 1.73 | 1.51 |
Brussels | 1.09 | 0.94 | Vienna | 1.91 | 1.44 |
Amsterdam | 1.38 | 0.59 | Rome | 2.21 | 1.25 |
Copenhagen | 2.11 | 1.47 | New York | 2.49 | 2.00 |
Stockholm | 2-70 | .61 |
The death rates from the principal zymotic diseases in the several sanitary districts of London in 1895 and the period 1885-94, are shown in the following table—
Sanitary district. | Deaths in 1895. | Death rate per 1,000 living. | Sanitary district. | Deaths in 1895. | Death rate per 1,0(0 living. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1885—94. | 1895. | 1885—94. | 1895. | ||||
Paddington | 207 | 2.07 | 1.67 | Shoreditch | 460 | 3.66 | 3.77 |
Kensington | 322 | 2.07 | 1.90 | Bethnal-green | 441 | 3.76 | 3.41 |
Hammersmith | 225 | 3.19 | 2.20 | Whitechapel | 250 | 2.98 | 3.21 |
Fulham | 342 | 3.10 | St. George-in-the-East | 246 | 4.63 | 5.22 | |
Chelsea | 221 | 2.69 | 2.28 | Limehouse | 261 | 4.22 | 4.50 |
St. George, Hanover-square | 117 | 1.64 | 1.48 | Mile-end Old-town | 424' | 3.39 | 3.85 |
Poplar | 677 | 3.12 | 4.01 | ||||
Westminster | 111 | 2.50 | 2.06 | St. Saviour, Southwark | 76 | 3.27 | 2.97 |
St. James | 31 | 1.91 | 1.34 | St. George, Southwark | 194 | 3.72 | 3.23 |
Marylebone | 239 | 2.25 | 1.70 | Newington | 401 | 3.09 | 3.34 |
Hampstead | 78 | 1.33 | 1.05 | St. Olave | 31 | 2.93 | 2.62 |
Pancras | 741 | 2.62 | 3.10 | Bermondsey | 270 | 3.20 | 3.17 |
Islington | 686 | 2.68 | 2.06 | Rotherhithe | 110 | 3.17 | 2.74 |
Stoke Newington | 39 | 2.52 | 1.18 | Lambeth | 742 | 2.62 | 2.54 |
Hackney | 545 | 2.58 | Battersea | 442 | 2.51 | 22.72 | |
St. Giles | 77 | 2.55 | 2.01 | Wandsworth | 250 | 1.136 | |
St. Martin - in - the -Fields | 24 | 1.98 | 1.81 | Camberwell | 648 | 2.66 | 2.59 |
Greenwich | 465 | 2.79 | 2.69 | ||||
Strand | 49 | 2.47 | 2.03 | Lewisham | 144 | 1.67 | 1.42 |
Holborn | 90 | 2.89 | 2.88 | Woolwich | 73 | 2.08 | 1.78 |
Clerkenwell | 250 | 3.51 | 3.80 | Lee | 54 | 1.96 | 1.41 |
St. Luke | 221 | 3.59 | 5.39 | Plumstead | 153 | 2.63 | |
London, City of | 55 | 1.46 | 1.68 | London | 11,485 | 273 | 2.022 |
1 See footnote (1), page 10.
2 See footnote (2), page 10.