London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972
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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
London County Council 1894
[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for London County Council]
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The following table shows the number of cases and deaths and the case and death rates of each district in 1893 and in the period 1885-92—
| Sanitary district. | Cases, 1894. | Case rate per 1,000, 1894. | Deaths, 1894. | Death rates per 1,000. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1894. | 1885-93. | ||||
| Paddington | 288 | 2.4 | 14 | .12 | .14 |
| Kensington | 385 | 2.3 | 22 | .13 | .17 |
| Hammersmith | 330 | 3.1 | 14 | .13 | .22 |
| Fulham | 535 | 4.8 | 33 | .30 | |
| Chelsea | 318 | 3.2 | 16 | .16 | .18 |
| St. George, Hanover-square | 257 | 3.4 | 11 | .15 | .16 |
| Westminster | 142 | 2.6 | 7 | .13 | .25 |
| St. James | 59 | 2.5 | 3 | 13 | .17 |
| Marylebone | 560 | 4.1 | 40 | .29 | .19 |
| Hampstead | 232 | 3.1 | 10 | .13 | 11 |
| Pancras | 1,274 | 5.5 | 51 | .22 | .20 |
| Islington | 1,512 | 4.6 | 69 | .21 | .17 |
| Stoke Newington | 92 | 2.7 | 6 | .18 | .24 |
| Hackney | 1,030 | 4.9 | 57 | .27 | |
| St. Giles | 87 | 2.3 | 2 | .05 | .18 |
| St. Martin-in-the-Fields | 21 | 1.5 | 1 | .07 | .21 |
| Strand | 56 | 2.4 | 1 | .04 | .20 |
| Holborn | 80 | 2.5 | — | — | .26 |
| Clerkenwell | 223 | 3.4 | 10 | 15 | .30 |
| St. Luke | 124 | 3.0 | 10 | .24 | .37 |
| London, City of | 80 | 2.3 | 9 | .26 | .17 |
| Shoreditch | 486 | 4.0 | 28 | .23 | .31 |
| Bethnal-green | 512 | 4.0 | 27 | .21 | .44 |
| Whitechapel | 269 | 3.6 | 23 | .31 | .27 |
| St. George-in-the-East | 219 | 4.8 | 18 | .40 | .39 |
| Limehouse | 376 | 6.6 | 33 | .58 | .43 |
| Mile-end Old-town | 578 | 5.4 | 37 | .34 | .38 |
| Poplar | 799 | 4.7 | 40 | .23 | .33 |
| St. Saviour, Southwark | 103 | 3.9 | 6 | .23 | .36 |
| St. George, Southwark | 287 | 4.8 | 17 | .28 | .44 |
| Newington | 549 | 4.6 | 19 | .16 | 35 |
| St. Olave | 34 | 2.6 | 4 | .31 | .34 |
| Bermondsey | 391 | 4.7 | 23 | .27 | .35 |
| Rotherhithe | 330 | 8.2 | 15 | .37 | .28 |
| Lambeth | 1,173 | 4.2 | 64 | .23 | .24 |
| Battersea | 834 | 5.2 | 32 | .20 | .19 |
| Wandsworth | 674 | 3.8 | 20 | .11 | |
| Camberwell | 933 | 3.8 | 46 | .19 | .24 |
| Greenwich | 1,053 | 6.1 | 59 | .34 | .20 |
| Lewisham | 313 | 3.1 | 12 | .12 | .10 |
| Woolwich | 238 | 5.6 | 22 | .52 | .12 |
| Lee | 180 | 4.7 | 7 | .18 | .17 |
| Plumstead | 461 | 7.8 | 23 | .39 | |
| Port of London | 18 | — | — | — | |
| London | 18,495 | 4.2 | 961 | .22‡ | .24+ |
Diphtheria.
The cases of diphtheria* notified in London in 1894 numbered 11,204, compared with 13,712 in
1893, and 8,368 in 1892. The number of deaths registered from this cause in 1894 was 2,642,
compared with 3,197 in 1893, and 1,859 in 1892. The figures quoted for 1894 give a death rate of
0'61 per 1,000 living:, and a case mortality of 23'6 per cent.
The diphtheria rates in 1894 and in previous periods are shown in the following table—
| Period. | Death rate per 1,000 living. | Case rate per 1,000 living. | Case mortality per cent. |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1861-70 | 0.18 | —† | — |
| 1871-80 | 0.12 | —† | — |
| 1881-90 | 0.26 | —† | — |
| 1891 | 0.31‡ | 1.5 | 22.5 |
| 1892 | 0.44‡ | 2.0 | 22.2 |
| 1893 | 0.74‡ | 3.2 | 23.3 |
| 1894 | 0.61‡ | 2.6 | 23.6 |
*Unless otherwise stated, cases of "Diphtheria" include "Membranous Croup."
† The Infectious Diseases (Notification) Act only came into force in 1889.
‡See footnote (†) page 7.