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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

Holborn 1933

[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Holborn Borough]

Published
1934
Pages
206
Tables
98

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98 tables in this report

  • Page 9
    STATISTICS AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS. Statistical Summary, 1933.
  • Page 9
    The enumerated ponulation of Holborn was as follows: —
  • Page 10
    Vital Statistics, 1933. England and Wales, London and Holborn.
    Annual Rates per 1,000 living.Deaths under 1 year to 1,000 Births.
    Births.Deaths.
  • Page 10
    The following is the corrected number of births and the corrected birth-rates for the year 1933: —
    Year.Total Births.Legitimate Births.Illegitimate Births.
    No.Rate per 1,000 of Population.No.Rate per 1,000 of population.Proportion per 1,000 total Registered Births.No.Rate per 1.000 of population.Proportion per 1,000 total Registered Births.
  • Page 11
    Of these deaths the following occurred in Public Institutions, etc., within the urea of the Borough: —
    Institution.Residents.Non-Residents.
    St. Giles and Bloomsbury.Holborn.St. Giles and Bloomsbury.Holborn.
  • Page 11
    Corrected Deaths and Death-Rates, 1933. compared with 1932.
    Year.Total Deaths at all ages registered in District.Deaths in Public Institutions in District.Deaths of nonresidents of Borough registered in District.Deaths of residents registered beyond the District.Nett Deaths at all ages.Death Rate for BoroughDeath Rate Registration London
  • Page 12
    Seasonal Mortality. The mortality in the four quarters of the year as given in the Quarterly Reports of the Registrar-General is shown below:—*
    Death-rateLondon
    Deaths.per 1,000.Rate.
  • Page 12
    Infantile Mortality.
    Year.Deaths under 1 year of age.Deaths under 1 year per 1000 corrected legitimate Births.Deaths under 1 year per 1000 corrected illegitimate Births.Deaths under 1 year per 1000 corrected Births.London.
    Deaths under1 year per 1000 Births.
  • Page 12
    Death-rate per 1,000 corrected births in 1933 and in ten preceding years.
  • Page 15
    Sanitary Inspectors' and Health Visitors' Work Year, 1933.
    Mr. BennettMr. ClarkMr. LarardMiss Charles-worthMiss StockwellTotal
  • Page 16
    Continued from previous page...
    Mr. BennettMr. ClarkMr. LarardMiss Charles-worthMiis StockwellTotal
  • Page 16
    Notices Served. The total number of notices served for nuisances found in dwelling houses and factories, workshops and workplaces, and premises subject to various By-laws, including notices requiring annual cleansing of houses let in lodgings, was 1,199, viz.:-
  • Page 17
    The following table shows the work done to abate nuisances for which intimation notices were served:-
    Water Supply-HousesFactories, Workshops and Workplaces.
  • Page 18
    Statutory Notices. The following table shows the nuisances for which the 58 Statutory Notices were issued under the Public Health (London) Act, 1891:-
    HouseFactories, etc
  • Page 19
    Rats and Mice (Destruction) Act, 1919. Summary of conditions found on inspections, action taken and results obtained.
    WARD.Number of premises inspected.Number rat infested.Action (or Rat Repression.RESULT.
    Traps.Poisons.Rat catchers.Dogs.Cats.Proofing
  • Page 21
    No fewer than 155 different industries are carried on in these workshops, among the principal being the following:-
    No. of Workshops Employing
    Men only.Women only.Both Sexes.Total.
  • Page 21
    The more important industries carried on in these factories are:-
  • Page 22
    The following is a summary in tabular form of the work done by the Inspectors in factories, workshops and workplaces in the year 1933: -
    Mr. Bennett.Mr. ClarkMr. Larard.Miss Charles. worth.Total.
  • Page 22
    Action taken.
  • Page 22
    Notices served.
    Mr. Bennett.Mr. Clark.Mr. Larard.Miss Charles-worth.Total.
  • Page 23
    Outworkers.
  • Page 23
    I— INSPECTION OF DWELLING-HOUSES DURING THE YEAR.
  • Page 23
    III- ACTION UNDER STATUTORY POWERS DURING THE YEAR.
  • Page 24
    B. Proceedings under Public Health Acts:-
  • Page 24
    At the date of the transfer all the common lodging-houses in the Borough were subject to licences expiring on the 30th June, 1933. Prior to that date the Committee considered applications for the renewal of licences for the twelve months ending 30th June, 1934, and licences were granted as follows:-
    Premises.Licensed Keeper.Authorised number of Lodgers.Number of Rooms
    Males.Females.
  • Page 26
    The Milk (Special Designations) Order, 1923.
  • Page 27
    Up to the date of the preparation of this report licences for the year 1934 have been issued as follows: —
  • Page 27
    Milk—Bacteriological Examinations. Designated Milk. Five samples of designated milk were taken and submitted to bacteriological examination with the following results: —
    Grade.Approx. age of Sample.Temperature on arrival at Laboratory.Number of bacteria per c.c.Presence of coliform bacilli in 0.1 c.c.Remarks.
  • Page 27
    The samples were also subject lo chemical analysis with results as follows: —
    Grade.Water.Fat.Non-fatty solids.
  • Page 29
    Street Trading. I received information from the Borough Engineer respecting 97 applications from street traders for annual licences to sell various articles of food as follows: —
  • Page 29
    At the end of the year the following premises were on the register: —
  • Page 30
    The following summary shows the number of butchers' shops and moat stalls in the Borough, and the number of other shops where meat is sold:—
  • Page 30
    The number of such places on the register at the end of the year was as follows: —
  • Page 31
    The following unsound food was condemned during the year, 1933: —
    Commodity.Quantity.Condition.Result of Action taken.
  • Page 32
    Articles Analysed. Formal Samples.
    Article.Number PurchasedResult of AnalysesProceedings taken.| Convictions. rFines and Costs.
    Genuine.Adulterated
  • Page 33
    Continued from previous page...
    ARTICLE.Number Purchased.Result of Analyses.Proceedings taken.Convictions.Fines and Costs
    GenuineAdulterated.
  • Page 34
    Informal Samples.
    article.Number of Samples Taken.
    Resultof Analyses.
    Genuine.Adulterated.
  • Page 36
    MILK. The table below shows the fat content of 196 samples of milk examined:-
    Percentage of Fat.Number of Samples.
    Shops.Restaurants.Streets.Total.
  • Page 37
    Monthly Variation of Chemical Composition of Milk.
    Number of Samples examined.Total Solids. Per cent, average.Solids Non-fat. Per cent, average.Fat. Per cent, average.
  • Page 38
    At the date of the preparation of this report the following premises were registered in accordance with the requirements of the Act:—
  • Page 41
    Deaths at all Ages.
    1923.1924.1925.1926.1927.1928.1929.1930.1931.1932.Yearly average 1923-1932
  • Page 43
    Vaccination. The following table gives information respecting the vaccination of children born in the Borough during the year ended 30th June, 1933:—
    Total Number of BirthsVaccinatedDied before VaccinationCons. ObjectorsInsus-ceptiblePostponed by Medical CertificateRemoved. No information as to VaccinationTemporarily unaccounted for
  • Page 44
    Age at Notification of 75 Notified Cases of Diphtheria.
    0-11—55—1515—2525-4545-65Total.
  • Page 44
    Secondary clinical cases were three in number; details follow:—
    Primary GateAgeDate notifiedSecondary CaseAgeDate notifiedRemarks e.g. Character of Premises
  • Page 44
    Diphtheria in Hospitals.
    Hospital.Cases Notified.Disease Notified asHolborn Cases.Non-Holborn Cases.Total.
    Staff.In-patients.Clinical.Carrier.
  • Page 45
    Diphtheria Contacts. As in former years we have continued to swab all diphtheria contacts among school children and toddlers.
    Results of Bacteriological Examinations and Virulence Tests.
  • Page 45
    Analysis of the swab results relating to the contacts is given below: —
    Contacts swabbed.Positive Results.Contacts positive.
    Nose and Throat.Nose only.Throat only.
  • Page 46
    TABLE I. Schick Test and Diphtheria Immunisation. Eleven years, 1922-33.
    ABcResult of Test.Immunisation of Positives.J
    DEFGHI
    Total number of individuals who Attended clinicTotal testedTotal immunised without pre liminary Schick testPositive.NegativeNot read.Found NEGATIVE to He Schick Test afterFound NEGATIVE to Re Schick Test afterFirst immunised with T. A. F. and found NEGATIVES Re Schick afterFound POSITIVE to Re Schick Test after 3 ccm T.A. M or with T.A.F.Total Re Schick testedGiven 3 ccm T.A.M. of with T.A.F. Not retested.Given 1 ccm not yet retested.Failed to complete 3 inoculatns.Inoculatns. not begun.Inoculatns still in progress
    1 ccm T.A.M.2 ccm T. A.M.3 ccm T.A.M. or with T.A.F.4 ccm T.A.M.5 ccm T.A.M.6 ccm T.A.M.8 ccm T.A.M.Further doses of T.A.F.3 ccm T A.M.Given further inoculation but not yet retested.Nofurther inoculation given.
    Chil- drenAd- ultscAcAcACacACACACAcAcAcACACACACACACACaCACACACA
  • Page 47
    TABLE II. Summary.
    ages.6 to 12 months1 to 2 years2 to 3 years3 to 4 years4 to 5 years5 to 6 years6 to 7 years7 to 8 years8 to 9 years9 to 10 years10 to 11 years11 to 12 years12 to 13 years13 to 14 years14 to 15 yearsadults15 and above years
  • Page 49
    The total notifications received up to the end of 1933 are classified as; —
  • Page 49
    Age and Sex Distribution of notified cases.
    Age in years.Sex .Total.
    M.F.
  • Page 50
    Sleeping Arrangements—117 Cases of Notified Rheumatism *
    No. of Rheumatic ChildrenSeparate RoomSeparate Bed in Living RoomSeparate Bed in Room shared withBed shared withBed shared in living room with
    AdultsChildrenAdults and ChildrenAdultsChildrenAdults and ChildrenChildrenAdults and Children
    123123123512312312123
  • Page 53
    The following table gives information up to the end of 1933 respecting the 13 real cases of encephalitis lethargica notified in the Borough since the Public Health (Encephalitis Lethargica) Regulations came into force on the 1st January, 1919:—
    Date of NotificationPatient.Sex.Age when notified.Subsequent History.
  • Page 53
    The following gives particulars of these cases:—
    Date of Onset.Patient.SexDate of Birth.Where Treated.Condition at end of 1933.
  • Page 54
    The following table gives particulars of these cases with the condition at the end of 1931:—
    Date of Notification.Patient.SexAge at date of Notification.Where Treated.Subsequent History.
  • Page 55
    Bacteriological Work. The following table gives details of the examinations made during the year:—
    DiphtheriaPulmonary TuberculosisOther Diseases
    Number SubmittedResult of ExaminationNumber SubmittedResult of ExaminationNumber SubmittedResult of Examination.
  • Page 57
    The following table gives the number of new cases of tuberculosis and deaths from the disease in the Borough during 1933 in the form required by the Ministry of Health: —
    Age periods.New Cases.Deaths.
    Pulmonary.Non-pulmonary.Pulmonary.Non-pulmonary.
    MFMFMFMF
  • Page 58
    Summary of Notifications during the period from the 1st January, 1933, to the 31st December, 1933, in the, Metropolitan Borough of Holborn.
  • Page 58
    New cases of tuberculosis coming to the knowledge of the Medical Officer of Health during the above-mentioned period, otherwise than by formal notification:—
    Age-periods.0—1—5 —10—15—20—25—35—45—55—65—Total.
  • Page 59
    The source or sources from which information as to the above-mentioned cases was obtained arc stated below: —
    Source of InformationNo, of Cases.
    PulmonaryNon-Pulmonary
  • Page 59
    Notification Register.
    PulmonaryNon-pulmonaryTotal Cases
    MalesFemalesTotalMalesFemalesTotal
  • Page 61
    The following indicates the reasons for non-attendance in the remaining cases:—
  • Page 62
    Showing the number of Patients who died in their own homes and the number who died away from home in Hospitals or other Institutions.
    0-1-5-10-15-20-25-35-45-55-65-All Ages
    Males.FemalesTotal.
  • Page 63
    Tuberculosis Dispensary. Thefollowing is the Report of the Tuberculosis Officer, J. A. Struthers, M.D., B.Ch., M.R.C.P., P.P.H., for the year 1933:— Return showing the work of the Dispensary during the year 1933.
    Diagnosis.Pulmonary.Non-Pulmonary.Total.
    Adults.Children.Adults.Children.Adults.Children.
    M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.
  • Page 67
    Summary of Work carried out at Dental Clinic, 10, John Street, Holborn, on Tuesday Evenings, during 1933.
    TuberculosisPatients.All Patients.
  • Page 68
    During the year 180 births were registered as occurring in the Borough. During the same period 136 notifications of births occurring in the Borough were received. Of these, 132 were from doctors and midwives, 4 from parents.
  • Page 68
    Number of Births.
  • Page 68
    The following table is an indication of the home conditions of 261 mothers in relation to their confinement:—
    Living in:—Confined at home.Confined in hospital.
    No.Percentage of Total Births.No.Percentage of Total Births.
  • Page 69
    The visits paid to the homes by the Health Visitors during the year were as follows:—
    First Visits.Revisits.Total.
  • Page 69
    Work at Centres. Holborn Centre, 10, John Street. The following is an analysis of the attendance at this Municipal Centre:
    Monday.Tuesday.Tuesday.Wednesday.Thursday.Friday.
    Medical Consultation Pre-school child 2-4.30 p.m.Ante-natal and Postnatal cases 2-4.30 p.m.Medical Consultations.Medical Consultation 2-4.30 p.m.Class 3-4 p.m.Dentist. 2-4 p.m.Medical Consultation 2-4.20 p.m.
  • Page 71
    Centre Attended:—
  • Page 71
    Nature of defects found at Municipal Centres.
    10, John Street, Holborn.Short's Gardens St. Giles.
  • Page 73
    Maternal and Infant Consultations The following summary refers to maternal and infant consultations at 10, John Street and Short's Gardens Centres during the year 1933:—
    Reasons for attendance.10, John Street.Short's Gardens.
  • Page 73
    Mothers and children attending the Municipal Centres during 1933 were referred to other departments or organisations as follows:—
    Mothers.Children.
  • Page 73
    Breast Massage.
    John Street.Short's Gardens
  • Page 75
    The following is a summary of the work during 1933 at the Councils Denial Clinic, No. 10, John Street., open on Thursday afternoons for nursing or expectant mothers, and children under five years of age:—
    Women.Children.Total.
  • Page 76
    At tho end of the year 1933, 162 applicants were receiving assistance, viz. :
    Mother.Children.Total.
  • Page 76
    The following table shows in detail how the 150 new applicants were assisted in 1933: —
    Milk.Prepared Milk.
    Free.Part Cost.Free.Part Cost.
  • Page 77
    Deaths of Children One to Five Years, 1933. Eight children between the ages of one and five years died from the following causes:—
    Cause of Death.1—21—33-44—5Total 1—5 years.
    M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.MF.Both Sexes.
  • Page 78
    The causes of and ages at death are given in the following Table:—
    Cause of DeathUnder 1 Week1-2 Weeks2-3 Week*3-4 WeeksTotal under 4 Weeks4 Weeks and under 3 Months3-6 Months6-9 Months9-12MonthsTotal under 1 Year
    MFMFMFMFMFBoth sexesMFMFMFMFMFBoth sexes
  • Page 78
    Net births registered during the calendar year. Net deaths registered during the calendar year.
    MalesFemalesBoth sexesMalesFemalesBoth sexes
  • Page 79
    DIARRHŒA AND ENTERITIS—Deaths under 1 Year.—1933.
    Name.Date of Death.Age at Death.Cause of Death stated in Certificate.Died at home.Died in hospital.Attended at M. & C. W. Centre.Remarks.
  • Page 80
    INFECTIOUS DISEASES AMONG MOTHERS AND CHILDREN. Puerperal Fever and Puerperal Pyrexia.
    No.InitialsDate of NotificationPrimipara or MultiparaAnte-natal CareDelivery occurred inOnset subsequent toResultsRemarks
    Patient's HomeInstitution
  • Page 81
    Four Cases Notified in Accordance with the Public Health (Ophthalmia Neonatorum) Regulations. Birth Notified by. Intern Department, Hospital Extern Department, Hospital Extern Department, Hospital Extern Department, Hospital
    Case Number.i234
  • Page 84
    Routine Medical Examination of Elementary School Children in Holborn in 1933.
    Age Groups.Number examined.Clothing and Boots.NutritionCleanliness of Head.Cleanliness of Body.Teeth.Vision.
    Good.Fair.poorGood.Average.Below normal.Bad.Clean.Nits.Pediculi.Clean.Dirty.Pediculi.All sound.Less than four decayed.Four or more decays6/6 in both eyes.6 /9 in either or both eyes.6/12 or worse in either or both eyss.
  • Page 85
    Examination of Elementary School Children in Holborn in1933.
    Defect.Boys.Girls.
    EntrantsAge 8Age 12Age 14EntrantsAge 8Age 12Age 14
  • Page 88
    The causes of death certified were as follows:—
    Natural Causes.Accidents.
  • Page 92
    APPENDIX. TABLE I. Vital Statistics of Whole District during 1933 and Ten Previous Years.
    YearPopulation estimated to Middle of each Year.Births.Total Deatha Registered in the DistrictTransferable DeathsNet Deaths belonging to the District.
    Under 1 Year of AgeAt all Ages
    Unoorrected NumberNetNumberRataof Nonresidents registered in the Districtof Reeidents not registered in the DistrictNumberRate per 1,000 BirthsNumberRate
    NumberBate
  • Page 93
    TABLE II. Causes of, and Ages at, Death, 1933.
    Causes or Death.NET DEATHS AT THE SUBJOINED AGES OP "RESIDENTS," whether occurring within or without the Borough.Total Deaths whether of "Residents " or " Non-Residents' in Institutions in the Borough.
    All Ages.Under 1 year.1 and under 2 years.2 and under 5 years.6 and under 15 years.15 and under 25 years.25 and under 45 years.45 and under 65 years.65 and under 75 years.75 and upwards.
  • Page 94
    TABLE III. Casks of Infectious Disease notified during the tear 1933.
    Disease.TotalUnder 11 to 22 to 33 to 44 to 55to 1010tol515 to 2020 to 3535 to 4545 to 6565 upTotal Deaths
  • Page 96
    TABLE V. Factories, Workshops, Laundries, Workplaces and Homework 1.—INSPECTION. Including Inspections made by Sanitary Inspectors.
    PREMISES.Number of
    Inspections.Written Notices.Prosecutions.
    Intimations.Statutory
  • Page 96
    2.—DEFECTS FOUND.
    Particulars.Number of Defects.Number of Proseoutione.
    Found.Remedied.Referred to H.M. Inspector.
  • Page 97
    TABLE V.—continued. 3.—HOME WORK.
    NATURE OF WORK.Outworkers' Lists, Section 107.Outwork in Unwhole-some Premises, Section 108.Outwork in Infected Premises, Sections 109, 110.
    Lists received from Employers.Notices served on occu-piers as to keep-ing or sending lists.Prosecutions.In-stances.Notices servedProse-cutionsIn-stances.Orders made (S. 110).Prose-cutions (Sections 109, 110)
    Sending twice in the year.Sending once in the year.Failing to keep or permit inspec-tion of lists.Failing to send lifts
    Lists.Outworkers.Lists.Outworkers.
    Con-tractors.Work-men.Con-tractors.Work men.
  • Page 98
    TABLE V.-continued. 4.—REGISTERED WORKSHOPS.
    Workshops on the Register (S. 131) at the end of the year.Number.
    (1)(2)
  • Page 98
    5.—OTHER MATTERS.
    Class.Number.
    (1)(2)
  • Page 99
    TABLE VI. METEOLOGY OF LONDON, 1933. (Deduced from observations at Greenwich under the superintendence of the Astronomer Royal)
    1933.Air Temperature.Bright Sunshine.Rain and other forms of Precipitation.
    Mean of—Mean of A. & b.Difference from Average.*Daily Mean.Difference from Average.*Percent. of possible.Total Fall.Difference from Average.*
    A.B.
    Maximum.Minimum.
    °F°F°F°Fhrs.hrs.%m.m.m.m.
  • Page 100
    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS Food and Drugs (Adulrteration) Act, 1928.
    Date.Name.Address.Offence.Result.
  • Page 100
    Public Health (London) Act, 1891.
    Date.Name.Address.Offence.Result.