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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

Holborn 1928

[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Holborn Borough]

Published
1929
Pages
134
Tables
86

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86 tables in this report

  • Page 8
    Vital Statistics, 1928. England and Wales, London and Holborn.
    Annual Rates per 1,000 living.Deaths under 1 year to 1,000 Births.
    Births.Deaths.
  • Page 12
    The following table gives the corrected number of births and the corrected birth-rates for the twenty years 1909-1928: —
    Year.Total Births.Legitimate Births.Illegitimate Births.
    No.Rate per 1,000 of Population.No.Rate per 1,000 of population.Proportion per 1,000 total Registered BirthsNo.Rate per 1.000 of population.Proportion per 1,000 total Registered Births.
  • Page 13
    Of these deaths the following occurred in Public Institutions, etc., within the area of the Borough:—
    Institution.Residents.Non-Residents.
    St. Giles and Bloomsbury.Holborn.St. Giles and Bloomsbury.Holborn.
  • Page 13
    Corrected Deaths and Death-Bates , 1928, compared with 1927.
    Year.Total Deaths at all ages registered in District.Deaths in Public Institutions in District.Deaths of nonresidents of Borough registered in District.Deaths of residents registered beyond the District.Nett Deaths at all ages.Death Rate for Borough.Death Rate Registration London.
  • Page 14
    The mortality in the four quarters of the year as given in the Quarterly Reports of the Registrar-General is shown below:—
    Deaths.Death-rate per 1,000.London Rate.
  • Page 14
    Infantile Mortality. The number of deaths of children under one year of age, and the number of deaths of children under one year of age per 1,000 corrected births, were the following:—
    Year.Deaths under 1 year of age.Deaths under 1 year per 1000 corrected legitimate births.Deaths under 1 year per 1000 corrected illegitimate Births.Deaths under 1 year per 1000 corrected Births.London.
    Deaths under 1 year per 1000 Births.
  • Page 14
    Death-rate per 1,000 corrected births in 1928 and in ten preceding years.
    1918191919201921192219231924192519201927Avge, 1918-271928
  • Page 15
    The corrections modify the Holborn rates as will be seen from the following figures:—
    Year 1928.Infantile Death-rate in Holborn per 1,000 Births
    Registrar-General's Quarterly ReportCorrected
  • Page 18
    Sanitary Inspectors' and Health Visitors' Work, Year 1928.
    Mr. BennettMr. ClarkMr. LarardMiss CharlesworthMiss StockwellTotal
  • Page 19
    Mr. BennettMr. ClarkMr. LarardMiss CharlesworthMiss StoukwellTotal
  • Page 19
    The following table shows the work done to abate nuisances for which intimation notices were served:—
    Houses.Factories, Workshops and Workplace
  • Page 20
    Continued from previous page...
    Houses.Factories, Workshops and workplaces
  • Page 20
    Statutory Notices. The following table shows the nuisances for which the 58 Statutory Notices were issued under the Public Health (London) Act, 1891.
    HousesFactories, Workshops and Workplaces.
  • Page 26
    No fewer than 149 different industries are carried on in these workshops, among the principal being the following:—
    No. of Workshops Employing
    Men only.Women only.Both Sexes.Total.
  • Page 27
    The following is a summary in tabular form of the work done by the Inspectors in factories, workshops and workplaces in the year 1928—
    Mr. Bennett.Mr. Clark.Mr. Larard.Miss Charles worth.Total.
  • Page 28
    Action taken,
  • Page 28
    Notices served.
    Mr. Bennett.Mr. Clark.Mr. Larard.Miss Charles-worth.Total.
  • Page 28
    Outworkers.
  • Page 33
    Statistics. Year Ended 31st December, 1928. GENERAL.
  • Page 36
    The following table refers to the samples examined as mentioned above:-
    Date sample taken.Nature of Shop where purchased.No. of Organisms per cc. grown at 37° C for 24 hours.Minimal volume containing Bacillus Coli.
  • Page 38
    During the year 1928 licences available up to the 31st December, 1928, for the sale of designated milk in the Borough were issued as follows:—
  • Page 39
    The following table gives the percentages of the milk fat and milk solids found:—
    Milk fat per cent.Milk solids (including fat) per cent.
  • Page 43
    Ice cream is manufactured in the Italian colony as follows:—
  • Page 43
    In addition ice cream was also manufactured on the following premises:—
    Mr. Bennett's District.Mr. Clark's District.Mr. Larard's District.
  • Page 44
    The result of the bacteriological examination is shown in the following table:—
    Date.Where purchased.Organisms per cc. on Agar at 37° for 24 hours.Streptococci present in 1 cc.Coliform organisms Minimal volume showing piesence.B. Enteritidis sporogent s in 2 cc.
  • Page 44
    The following summary shows the number of butchers' shops and meat stalls in the Borough, and the number of other shops where meat is sold:—
  • Page 45
    The number of such places on the register at the end of the year was as follows:—
  • Page 46
    Unsound Food. The following unsound food was condemned during the year 1928:—
    Commodity.Quantity.Condition.Result of Action taken.
  • Page 50
    The following table shows the fat content of the 114 samples of milk:—
    Percentage of Fat.Number of Samples.
    Shops.Rsetaurants.Streets.Total.
  • Page 51
    The following table shows the average composition of milk sampes purchased during each month of 1928.
    Number of Samples examined.Total Solids. Percent. average.Solids Non-fat. Per cent. average.Fat. Per cent. average.
  • Page 52
    Articles Analysed. Formal Samples.
    ARTICLE.Number PurchasedResult of AnalysisProceedings taken.Convictions.Fines and Costs.
    Genuine.Adulterated.
  • Page 53
    Continued from previous page...
    article.Number Purchased.Result of Analysis.Proceedings takenConvictions.Fines and Costs.
    Genuine.Adulterated.
  • Page 53
    I nformal S amples.
    ARTICLE.Number Taken.Result of Analysis.
    Genuine.Adulterated.
  • Page 59
    ENGLAND AND WALES. Common Infectious Diseases. Deaths at all Ages.
    1918.1919.1920.1921.1922.1923.1924.1925.1926.1927.Yearly average 18-1927
  • Page 61
    Vaccination. The following table kindlv supplied by the Vaccination Officer of the Holborn Union on the 15th February, 1929, gives information respecting vaccination in the Borough of Holborn: —
    Total Number of BirthsVaccinated1 lied before VaccinationCons. ObjectorsInsusceptiblePostponed by Medical CertificateRemoved. No information as to VaccinationTemporarily unaccounted for
  • Page 63
    Diphtheria Contacts. Bacteriological Examination of Nose and Throat Swabs.
  • Page 64
    TABLE I. HOLBORN MUNICIPAL INFANT WELFARE CENTRE, 1922-1928. Aces of Persons Sciiick-Tested with Result of Test.
    Ages.6 to 12 months1 to 2 years2 to 3 years3 to 4 years4 to 5 years5 to 6 years6 to 7 years7 to 8 years8 to 9 years9 to 10 years10 to 11 years11 to 12 years12 to 13 years13 to 14 years14 to 15 years15 and above years
  • Page 64
    TABLE II. Ages of Persons Immunised.
    Age.6 to12months1 to 2years2 to 3 years3 to 4 years4 to 6 years6 to 6 years6 to 7 years7 to 8 years8 to 9 years9 to 10 years10 to 11 years11 to 12 years12 to 13 years13 to 14 years14 to 15 years15 and above years
  • Page 65
    TABLE iii. HOLBORN MUNICIPAL INFANT WELFARE CENTRE. Schick Test and Diphtheria Immunisation. Seven year 1922-28.
    a Total TESTED.Result op Test. bcImmunisation of POSITIVES.FgIf
    dE
    Found NEGATIVE to Re Schick Test afterFound NEGATIVE to Re Schick Test afterFirst immunised with T A. F. and found NEGATIVE to Re Schick afterFound POSITIVE to Re Schick Test after 3 ccm T.A.T. or T.A.F.Total Re Schick TestedGiven 3 ccm T.A.T. or T.A.F. Not Retested.Given 1 ccm not yet lte-tested.Failed to complete 3 inoculatns.Inoculatns. not begun.Inoculatns. still in progress.
    Negative.[Positive.Not read.1 ccm T.A.T.2 ccni T.A.T.3 ccm T.A.T. or T.A.F.4 ccm T.A.T.5 ccm T.A.T.6 ccm T.A.T.8 ccm T.A.TFurther doses of T.A.F.3 ccm TAT.Given further inoculation but not yet Retested.No further inoculation given.
  • Page 66
    TABLE V.
    Re-Schick tested after an interval of years or fraction of yearsNumber re-tested after this intervalNumber found positiveAge in years and sex of positives when first testedFurther particulars (Unless otherwise stated the dose refers to Toxin Antitoxin.)
  • Page 68
    Continued from previous page...
    Re-Schick tested after an interval of years or fraction of yearsNumber re-tested after this intervalNumber found positiveAge in years and sex of positives when first testedFurther particulars (Unless otherwise stated the dose refers to Toxin Antitoxin.)
  • Page 70
    DIPHTHERIA IN CHILDREN SCHICK TESTED) and Treated with Immunising Injections.
    InitialsAge in years at date of Schick TestSexType of HomeDate of Schick TestFirst In jectionFinal InjectionRetestResult of RetestDate of onset of DiphtheriaInterval between last injection and date of onset of diseaseConfirmation of diagnosis byCharacter of Attack
  • Page 73
    Diphtheria—Notification rate per 1,000 population.
    England and WalesLondonHolborn
  • Page 74
    The following table gives particulars of the cases notified in Holborn:—
    Case.Age.Sex.Occupation.Date of Notification.Notified as.Nature of Laboratory Examination.Final Diagnosis.Contracted in Borough.Probable Source of Disease.
  • Page 76
    The following table gives information up to the end of 1928 respecting the 11 real cases of encephalitis lethargica notified in the Borough since the Public Health (Encephalitis Lethargica) Regulations came into force on the 1st January, 1919 :—
    Date of Notification.Patient.Age when notified.Subsequent History.
  • Page 77
    The following table gives particulars of these cases with the condition at the end of 1928 :—
    Date of Notification.Patient.Age at date of Notification.Where Treated.Subsequent History.
  • Page 79
    Bacteriological Work. The following table gives details of the examinations made during the year
  • Page 81
    Tuberculosis. Summary of Notifications and Deaths. The following table gives the number of new cases of tuberculosis and deaths from the disease in the Borough during 1928 in the form required by the Ministry of Health:—
  • Page 82
    Public Health (Tuberculosis) Regulations, 1912. Summary of Notifications during the period from the 1st January, 1928, to the 29th December, 1928, in the Metropolitan Borough of Holborn.
  • Page 82
    Supplemental Return. New cases of Tuberculosis coming to the knowledge of the Medical Officer of Health during the period from the 1st January, 1928, to the 29th December, 1928, otherwise than by notification on Form A or Form B under the Public Health (Tuberculosis) Regulations, 1912.
  • Page 86
    Showing the number of Patients who died in their own homes and the number who died away from home in Hospitals or other Institutions.
    0-1-5-10-15-20-25-35-45-55-65-All Ages
    Males.Females.Total.
  • Page 87
    Return showing the work of the Dispensary during the year 1928.
    Diagnosis.Pulmonary.Non-Pulmonary.Total.
    Adults.Children.Adults.Children.Adults.Children.
    M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.
  • Page 89
    puimonary Tubercuiosis. Animal return showing in summary form the condition of all Patients whose case records were in the possession of the Dispensary at the end of 1928, arranged according to the years in which the patients first came under public Medical Treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis, and their classification as shown on Form A.
    Condition at the time of the last record made during the year to which the Return relates.Previous to 192G.1926.1927.1928.
    Class T. B. minus.Class T. B. plus.Class T.B. minus.Class T.B. plus.Class T.B. minus.Class T.B. plus.Class T. B. minus.Class T. B. plus.
    Group 1.Group 2.Group 3.Total (Class T. B. plus).Group 1.Group 2.Group 3.Total (Class T.B. plus).Group 1.Group 2.Group 3.Total(Class T.B. plus).Group 1.Group 2.Group 3.Total (Class T.B. plus).
  • Page 90
    Non-pulmonary Tinerci;psis
    Condition at the time of the last record made during the year to which the Return relates.Previous to 1926.1926.1927.1928.
    Bones arid Joints.Abdominal.Other Organs.Peripheral Glands.Total.Bones and Joints.Abdominal.Other Organs.Peripheral Glands.Total.Bones and Joints.Abdominal.Other Organs.Peripheral Glands.Total.Bones and Joints.Abdominal.Other Organs.Peripheral Glands.Total.
  • Page 97
    Births in Crowded Homes. The following table is an indication of the home conditions of 413 mothers in relation to their confinement:—
    Living inConfined at Home.In Hospital.
    No.Percentage of Total Births.No.Percentage of Total Births
  • Page 97
    Home Visiting. The visits paid to the homes by the Health Visitors during the year were as follows :—
    First Visits.Revisits.Total.
  • Page 98
    The following is an analysis of the attendance at this Municipal Centre:
    Tuesday.Wednesday.Thursday.Friday.
    Medical Consultation (alternate weeks) 2—6.30 p.m.Ante-natal and Postnatal cases only (alternate weeks) 2—5.30 p.m.Medical Consultation 2—5.30 p.m.Class 3—5.30 p.m.Dentist, 2—4 p.m.Medical Consultation 2—5.30 p.m.
  • Page 98
    St. Giles' Centre, Short's Gardens. The attendances at this Branch Centre during the year 1928, were as follows:—
    Monday 2—5.30 p.mThursday Medical Consultation 2—5.30 p.m.
  • Page 101
    The following summary refers to maternal and infant consultations at 10, John Street and the Short's Garden's Centres during the year 1928:—
    Reasons for Attendance.John Street.Short's Gardens.
  • Page 101
    In this table, it the patient has more than one ailment, only the more important has been recorded. Mothers and children attending the Municipal Centres during 1928 were referred to other departments or organisations for assistance as follows :—
    Referred to.Mothers.Children.
  • Page 104
    The following table shows 112 new cases assisted in 1928:—
    Milk.Prepared Milk.
    Free.Part Cost.Free.Part Cost.
  • Page 105
    Deaths of Children 1 to 5 Years, 1928. Twenty-three children between the ages 1 to 5 years died from the following causes:—
    cause of Death.Ages.Total. 1—5
    1—22—33-44-5
  • Page 106
    Net deaths registered during the calendar year.
    MalesFemalesBoth sexes
  • Page 106
    Net births registered during the calendar year.
    MalesFemalesBoth sexes
  • Page 106
    The cause and age of death are given in the following Table:—
    Cause of DeathUnder 1 Week1.2 Weeks2.3 Weeks3.4 WeeksTotal under 4 Weeks4 Weeks and under 3 Months3.6 Months6-9 Months9-12MonthsTotal under 1 Year
    MFMFMFMFMFBoth sexesMFMFMFMFMFBoth sexes
  • Page 107
    PUERPERAL FEVER—Four Cases.
    No.InitialsDate of NotificationPrimipara or MultiparaAnte-natal CareBirth occurred inOnset subsequent toRecoveryRemarks
    Patient's HomeInstitution
  • Page 108
    PUERPERAL PYREXIA—Seven Cases.
    No.InitialsDate of NotificationPrimipara or MultiparaAntenatal CareBirth occurred inCause of PyrexiaRecoveryRemarks
    Patient's HomeInstitution
  • Page 109
    Eight Cases Notified in Accordance with the Public Health (Ophthalmia Neonatorum) Regulations, 1926 & 1928.
    Case Number.Age when Notified.Age at Onset.By whom Notified.Type of Disease on Health Visitor's first visit.Where Treated.Medical Attendance and Nursing.Result.Birth Notified by.
  • Page 110
    Continued from previous page...
  • Page 110
    Two Cases not Notified in accordance with the Public Health (Ophthalmia Neonatorum) Regulations, 1926 and 1928.
    Case Number.Age when Information received.Age at Onset.Information.Type of Disease on Health Visitor's first visit.Where treated.Medical Attendance and Nursing.Result.Birth notified by.
  • Page 116
    Routine Medical Examination of Elementahy School Childken in Holbokn, 1928.
    Age Group.Number examined.Clothing and Boots.NutritioCleanliness of Head.Cleanliness of Body.Condition of Teeth.Vision
    Good.Fair.Poor.Good.Average.Below normal.Clean.Nits.Pediculi.Clean.Dirty.Pediculi.All sound.Less than four decayed.Four or more decayed.6/6 in both eyes, i6/9 in either eye.6/12 or worse in either eye.
  • Page 117
    Medical Routine Examination of Elementary School Children in Holborn in 1928.
    Defect.Boys.Girls.
    EntrantsAge 8Age 12Age 14EntrantsAge 8Age 12Age 14
  • Page 123
    Vital Statistics of Whole District during 1928 and Ten Previous Years.
    YearPopulation estimated to Middle of each Year.Births.Total Deaths Registered in the DistrictTransferable DeathsNet Deaths belonging to the District.
    Under 1 Year of AgeAt all Ages
    Uncorrected NumberNetNumberRateof Non residents registered in the Districtof Residents not registered in the DistrictNumberRate per 1,000 BirthsNumberRate
    NumberItate
  • Page 124
    TABLE II. Causes of, and Ages at, Death, 1928.
    Causes of Death.NET DEATHS AT THE SUBJOINED AGES OF "RESIDENTS," whether occurring within or without the District.Total Deaths whether of "Residents" or "Non-Residents in Institutions in the District.
    All Ages.Under 1 year.1 and under 2 years.2 and under 5 years.5 and under 15 years.15 and under 25 years.25 and under 45 years.45 and under 65 years.65 and under 75 years.75 and upwards.
  • Page 125
    TABLE III. Cases of Infectious Disease notified during the yeah 1928.
    Notifiable Disease.Number of Cases Notified.Total Cases Notified in each Locality {e g. Parish or Ward) of the District.Total Cases Removed to Hospitals.
    At all Ages.At Ages—Years.St. Giles and Blooimbury.Holborn.
    Under 11 to 55 to 1515 to 2525 to 4545 to 6565 and up-wards.
  • Page 126
    TABLE IV. Infectious Diseases in Holborn for the last Eleven Years.
    NOTIFICATIONSDEATHS
    Decennial Average, 1918-1927Year 1928Decennial Average, 1918-1927Year 1928
    NumberRate per 1,000London RateNumberRate per 1,000London RateNumberRate per 1,000London RateNumberRate per 1,000London Rate
  • Page 127
    TABLE V. INFORMATION REQUIRED BY THE LONDON COUNTY COUNCIL.
    PREMISES.Number in Borough at end of 1928.Number of Inspections.Number of Prosecutions.
  • Page 128
    Including Inspections made by Sanitary Inspectors.
    PREMISES.Number of
    Inspections.Written Notices.Prosecutions.
    Intimations.Statutory.
  • Page 128
    2.—DEFECTS FOUND.
    Particulars.Number of Defects.Number of Prosecutions.
    Found.Remedied.Referred to h.m. Inspector.
  • Page 129
    TABLE VI.—continued. 3.—HOME WORK.
    NATURE OF WORK.Out work ees' Lists, Section 107.Outwork in Unwhole-somb Pbemisbs, Section 108.Outwork in Infected Premises, Sections 109, 110.
    Lists received from Employers.Notices served on occupiers as to keeping or sending lists.Prosecutions.Instances.Notices servedProsecutions.Instances.Orders made (S. 110).Prosecutions (Sections 109, 110)
    Sending twice in the year.Sending once in the year.Failing to keep or permit inspection of lists.Failing to send lists.
    ListsOutworkers.Lists.Outworkers.
    Contractors.Workmen.ContractorsWorkmen.
    Wearing Apparel—
    (1) Making, &c.11026326829...110........................
    (2) Cleaning and Washing.............................................
    Racquet and Tennis Balls.............................................
    Coathangers.........1...3...........................
    Paper Bags and Boxes2...13.........2........................
    Total11226328131 93112........................
  • Page 130
    TABLE VI.—continued. 4.—REGISTERED WORKSHOPS.
    Workshops on the Register (S. 131) at the end of the year.Number.
    (1)(2)
  • Page 130
    5.—OTHER MATTERS.
    Class.Number.
    (1)(2)
  • Page 131
    TABLE VII. METEOROLOGY OF LONDON 1928. (Deduced from observations at Greenwich under the superintendence of the Astronomer Royal)
    1928.Air Temperature.Bright Sunshine.Rain and other forms of Precipitation.
    Mean of—Mean of A. & B.Difference from Average."Daily Mean.Difference from Average.*Per cent, of possible.Total Fall.Difference from Average.*
    A.B.
    Maximum.Minimum.
    °F°F°F°Fhrs.hrs.%m.m.m.m.
  • Page 132
    TABLE VIII. Sunlight (Ultra-Violet Hays), 1928—Daily Average Kindly supplied by Professor Leonard Hill, M.B., F.R.S.
    Jan.Feb..MarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSept.Oct.Nov.Dec.
  • Page 133
    SALE OF FOOD AND DRUGS ACTS, 1875-1907.
    Date.Name.Address.Offence.Result.
  • Page 133
    PUBLIC HEALTH (LONDON) ACT, 1891.
    Date.Name.Address.Offence.Result