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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

Kensington 1920

[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Kensington Borough]

Published
1921
Pages
72
Tables
71

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71 tables in this report

  • Page 4
    Table showing the estimated populations in the various wards of the Borough at the middle of 1920:-
    District.Population.
    For Death Rate Calculation.For Birth Rate Calculation.
  • Page 4
    MARRIAGES. During the year 2,111 marriages were registered, representing a rate of 25.1 per 1000 of the population. The place of marriage is set out in the following table:—
  • Page 4
    BIRTHS. The number of births registered was 4,020, after correction for inward and outward transfers, and the birth rate for the Borough was 24 3 per 1,000 population. Distributed according to sex and legitimacy the births were as follows:—
    Male.Female.Total.
  • Page 5
    Table showing the number of births and the birth rates in England and Wales, London, Kensington and the various districts in the Borough in 1920 and the rates for the previous five years:—
    District.1920.Birth rates in previous years.
    No. of Births.Birth-rate.1919.1918.1917.1916.1915.
  • Page 5
    The birth rates in Kensington since 1881 are shown in the following table:—
    Period.Annual birth-rate per 1,000 population.
  • Page 6
    The following table indicates the source of notification and the kinds of births notified.
    Source of Notification.Number of Births Notified.
    Still Births.Live Births.Total Births.
  • Page 6
    Table showing the number of deaths and the death-rates in England and Wales, London, Kensington and the various districts in the Borough in 1920 and the rates for the previous five years:—
    District.1920.Death-rates in previous years.
    No. of Deaths.Death-rate.1919.1918.1917.1916.1915.
  • Page 7
    Table showing Kensington death-rates in quinquennial periods since 1896:—
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 living.
  • Page 7
    Causes of Death.—The following list shows certain causes of death which are important in themselves or from the fact that they contributed a considerable share to the total mortality for the year:—
    Cause of Death.Number of Deaths.
  • Page 7
    As the zymotic death rate is, with certain reservations, accepted as a test of the sanitary state of the district in which it prevails, the following table showing the rates for London and Kensington in the last three years, may be regarded as not altogether unsatisfactory.
    Deaths from Principal Zymotic Diseases per 1000 persons living.
    Period.Kensington.London.
  • Page 7
    Table showing various Causes of Death in 1920, arranged in Four-Weekly Periods.
    Four Weeks endingMeasles.Scarlet Fever.Whooping-Cough.Diphtheria.Influenza.Phthisis.Cancer.Bronchitis.Pneumonia.Diarrhœaand Enteritis.
  • Page 8
    INFANTILE MORTALITY. The deaths among infants under the age of one year numbered 325, the infantile mortality rate being 81. By expressing the number of deaths in proportion to the number of births, the influence of age distribution is eliminated and a reliable standard is afforded for measuring the comparative mortality in different districts. The following table shows a decline in the Kensington infantile death rate from 172 in the quinquennium 1896-1900 to 81 in the present year:—
    DEATHS UNDER ONE YEAR PER 1,000 BIRTHS.
    Period.Kensington.London.England and Wales.
  • Page 8
    The difference between the infantile death rates recorded in the various districts of the Borough is very marked, as will be seen from the following table giving the number of deaths in children under one year of age, and the infantile death rate in the Borough and the various Wards thereof during 1920, together with the infantile mortality rates for the previous five years.
    District.1920.Deaths per 1,000 Births.
    No. of Deaths.Deaths per 1,000 Births.1919.1918.1917.1916.1915.
  • Page 9
    As regards the high rates for Holland, Earl's Court and Queen's Gate wards, it must be remembered that a few deaths more or less have a marked effect on the mortality figures owing to the small number of births occurring. The rates for these wards do, however, warrant close examination and the causes of death are shown in the following table:—
    Holland.Earl's Court,Queen's Gate.
  • Page 9
    The chief diseases which were registered as the immediate causes of death in 1920 and the two preceding years are summarised in the following list:—
    Causes of Death.Number of Deaths.
    1918.1919.1920.
  • Page 10
    TABLE SHOWING THE BIRTH RATES, DEATH RATES AND INFANTILE MORTALITY RATES IN THE 29 METROPOLITAN CITIES AND BOROUGHS IN 1920.
    Births per 1000 Population.Deaths per 1000 Population.Infantile Deaths per 1000 Births.
  • Page 11
    Table showing Notifications of Infectious Diseases received in 1920, arranged in Four-Weekly Periods.
    Four Weeks endingScarlet FeverDiphtheria.Enteric Fever.Erysipelas.Ophthalmia Neonatorum.Cerebrospinal Fever.Puer. peral Pever.Continued Fever.Pneumonia.Malaria.Dysentery.Encephalitis Le. thargica.Polio-Myelitis.Total.
  • Page 11
    TABLE SHOWING THE INCIDENCE OF SCARLET FEVER IN THE THIRTEEN FOUR-WEEKLY PERIODS OF 1920.
    District.Period No. 1.Period No. 2.Period No. 3.Period No. 4.Period No. 5.Period No. 6.Period No. 7.Period No. 8.Period No. 9.Period No. 10.Period No. 11.Period No. 12Period No. 13.
  • Page 16
    The parts of the body which were affected in each case are shown in the following Table:— DEATHS FROM CANCER 1920.
    Parts Affected.Sex.Total.
    Male.Female.
  • Page 16
    The deaths in the several wards, etc., are set out in the following Table:—
  • Page 16
    Table of Cases attended and Visits paid by the Nurses of the Kensington District Nursing Association from October 30th, 1919, to October 30th, 1920.
    Cases.Visits Paid.
  • Page 17
    Continued from previous page...
    Cases.Visits Paid.
  • Page 17
    GRANTS TO HOSPITALS, ETC. In addition to the previously mentioned grant to the Nursing Association, the Council, during the year, gave the following subscriptions:—
    £s.d.
  • Page 17
    TUBERCULOSIS. During the year 293 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis and 114 cases of non-pulmonary tuberculosis were notified. The following Table shows the number of cases of both forms of the disease notified in the Borough and the several Wards therein during each year since 1913.
    District.Years.
    1913.1914.1915.1916.1917.1918.1919.1920.
  • Page 18
    The following table shows the number of notifications of pulmonary and non-pulmonary tuberculosis received since 1913, together with the number of deaths and death-rates in each year.
    The Year.Pulmonary Tuberculosis.Other Forms of Tuberculosis.Tuberculosis (all forms).
    No. of Notifications.No. of Deaths.Deaths per 100,000 persons living.No. of Notifications.No. of Deaths.Deaths per 100,000 persons living.No. of Deaths.Deaths per 100,000 persons living.
  • Page 18
    Deaths from Tuberculosis in Wards, 1920.
    Pulmonary Tuberculosis.Other Forms of Tuberculosis.
  • Page 18
    The places where deaths from tuberculosis occurred are set forth in the following list:—
    Pulmonary Tuberculosis.Other Forms of Tuberculosis.
  • Page 19
    Record of Work done in 1920.
    Insured.Uninsured.Total.
  • Page 19
    Income and Expenditure (extracted from Annual Report for 1919).
    £s.d.£s.d.
  • Page 21
    Record of Work done in 1920.
    InsuredNon-InsuredTotal
  • Page 23
    During the year 10 applications for registration were received from persons who proposed to sell milk, and in each case the application was granted. The alterations made in the Register of Milk Purveyors during the year 1920 are summarised in the following table:— THE REGISTER OF MILK PURVEYORS.
    Class of Premises.
    Milkshops.General Stores.Restaurants.Totals.
  • Page 24
    The inspections of the above premises during the year numbered 1,097, and resulted in the discovery of the following defects which were remedied after the service of notices:-
    Defects found.Number of Defects.
  • Page 25
    The samples collected were as follows:—
    Nature of Sample.Number Taken.Number Adulterated.
  • Page 26
    Summary of the Results of Analysis of the 27 Adulterated Samples, together with a record of the action taken by the Council.
    Article Analysed.Nature and Amount of Adulteration.Action taken.
  • Page 27
    1. Unless there be exceptional circumstances, no application is considered when the family income exceeds the following scale:—
    £s.d.
  • Page 28
    Particulars of Fresh Milk Granted During 1920. Number of new applications granted, 317. Number of renewal applications granted, 541.
    No. of pints of Milk granted.Price per pint paid by Recipients.Cost to Council.
    £s.d.
  • Page 29
    Particulars of Dried Milk Granted Under the Council's Scheme During 1920.
    Name of Welfare Centre.Date of commencement of Council's Scheme.No. of 1-lb. packets sold at cost price.Value of driedmilk sold at cost price.No. of 1-lb. packets sold below cost price or granted free.Estimated deficit to be borne by Council in connection with the grant of dried milk below cost price or free.
    £s.d.£s.d.
  • Page 30
    The businesses carried on at the registered premises are set out in the subjoined list:—
    Trade or Business.Factories.Workshops.Total.
  • Page 31
    The number of outworkers belonging to each of these three classes is shown in the following Table
  • Page 31
    The nature of the work given out to the home workers in the 202 homes on the register is as follows:—
  • Page 31
    The appended Table summarises the work for the year of the Women Sanitary Inspectors under the Factory and Workshops' Acts, so far as it is capable of being expressed in this form:—
  • Page 32
    Factories, Workshops, Workplaces and Homework. I.—Inspection.
    Premises.Number of
    Inspections.Written Notices.Prosecutions.
  • Page 32
    II.—Defects Found.
    Particulars.Number of Defects.Number of Prosecutions.
    Found.Remedied.Referred to H.M. Inspector.
  • Page 33
    III. Home Work.
    NATURE OF WORK.OUTWORKERS' LISTS, SECTION 107.OUTWORK IN UNWHOLESOME PREMISES, SECTION 108.OUTWORK IN INFECTED PREMISES. SECTIONS 109, 110.
    Lists received from Employers.Notices served on Occupiers as to keeping or sending lists.Prosecutions.Instances.Notices served.ProsecutionsInstances.Orders made (s. 110).Prosecutions (Sections 109, 110).
    Sending twice in the year.Sending once in the year.Failing to keep or permit inspection of lists.Failing to send lists.
    Outworkers.Lists.Outworkers.
    Lists.Contractors.Work men.Contractors.Workmen.
    (1)__(2)___(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)
  • Page 34
    IV.—Registered Workshops.
    Workshops on the Register (s. 131) at the end of the Year.Number.
  • Page 34
    V.—Other Matters.
    Class.Number.
  • Page 35
    The work performed by the Health visitors in 1920 is summarised in the followingTable.
    Description of Work.Districts.
    No. 1.No. 2.No. 3.No. 4.Total.
  • Page 35
    The following Table shows the main items of work performed at each of the Centres during the year.
    Archer StreetBramley Road with Kenley Street extensionCampden HillEarl's Court, Warwick RoadGol. borneLancaster RoadRaymedeTotals
  • Page 36
    TABLE SHEWING THE AMOUNT OF DENTAL TREATMENT PERFORMED AT THE VARIOUS CENTRES IN 1920.
    Centre.No. of patients.No. of attendances.Extractions.Fillings.Dentures.Other Treatments.
  • Page 37
    At the commencement of 1920 there were seven Day Nurseries in the Borough, but the Raymede Nursery closed towards the end of the year owing to the lack of funds. The following Table shows a record of attendances for the year:—
    Gol-borne.Kensal Creche (Medical Mission)Lancaster Road.Netting HillDay NurserySt. Clement's, Tread-gold St.St. Luke's Fulham RoadTotals
  • Page 38
    There are three of these institutions in the Borough, and a record of work done in 1920 is shown in the following Table.
    124, Elgin Crescent65, Lancaster Road2, Upper PhillimorePlaceTotals
  • Page 40
    ANNUAL GRANTS TO MATERNITY AND CHILD WELFARE INSTITUTIONS PAID BY THE BOROUGH COUNCIL.
    £s.d.
  • Page 41
    Legal Proceedings under the Public Health (London) Act, 1891, Metropolis Local Management Act and Housing, Town Planning, etc., Act, 1909.
    Date.Name and Address of Defendant.Offence.Result.
  • Page 42
    Summary of Work carried out by the Disinfecting Staff during 1920.
    Nature of InfectionPremises DisinfectedRooms DisinfectedDisinfections at Wood LaneNo. of Articles Disinfected
  • Page 43
    The subjoined particulars set forth the use made of the Public Baths and Wash-houses during 1920 and in the three preceding years by washers and bathers:—
    Year.Washers.Bathers.
  • Page 44
    Table showing the work done since the opening of the Cleansing Station.
    Year.School Children Cleansed.Adults Cleansed.No. of Baths Given.
  • Page 47
    The number of tenements for the working classes provided, prior to the War, by the Council, under the Housing Acts, is shown in the following Table:—
    Rooms in Tenement.Number of Tenements.Rent per Week.
  • Page 48
    Continued from previous page...
    WardName of KeeperAddress of Common Lodging HouseNo. of Lodgers for which licensed in 1920.
    MaleFemaleTotal
  • Page 48
    Details are given in the following Table:—
    Property.Estimated Expenditure.No. of Flats orMaisonettes Provided.Estimated Annual Rental.
    Acquisition.Conversion.Total.
  • Page 51
    APPENDIX. TABLE I. Vital Statistics of Whole District during 1920 and previous Years.
    Year.Population estimated to Middle of each Year.Births.Total Deaths Registered in the District.Transferable Deaths.Nett Deaths belonging to the District
    Uncorrected Number.Nett.
    of Nonresidents registered in the District.of Resi-dentsnot registeredin the District.Under 1 Year of AgeAt all Ages.
    Number.Rate.*Number.Rate.*Number.Rate per 1,000 Nett BirthsNumber.Rate. *
  • Page 52
    TABLE II. Cases of Infectious Disease notified during the Year, 1920.
    Notifiable DiseaseNumber of Cases Notified.Total Cases Notified in each Ward.Total Cases Removed to Hospital.
    At allAges.At Ages.—Years.St. Charles.Golbome.Norland.Pembridge.Holland.Earl's Court.1Queen's Gate.Redcliffe.Brompton.
    Under 1.1 to 5.5 to 15.15 to 25.25 to 45.45 to 65.65 and upwards.
  • Page 53
    TABLE III. Causes of, and Ages at, Death during the Year 1920.
    Causes of DeathNett Deaths at the subjoined ages of" Residents " whether occurring within or without the District.
    AllAges.Under 1 year.1 and under 2 years.2 and under 5 years.5 and under 15 years.15 and under 25 years.25 and under 45 years.45 and under 65 years.65 and upwards.
  • Page 54
    TABLE IV. INFANT MORTALITY DURING THE YEAR 1920. Nett Deaths from stated Causes, at Various Ages, under One Year of Age.
    Cause of Death.Under 1 week.1-2 Weeks.2-3 Weeks.3-4 Weeks.Total under 4 Weeks.1-3 Months.3-6 Months.6-9 Months.9-12 Months.Total Deaths under One Year.
  • Page 55
    TABLE V. Causes of Death at different periods of life in the Year 1920.
    CAUSES OF DEATH.Classification No.Totals— All Ages.Under 1 year.1 and under 2 years.2 and under 5 years.Totals— under 5 years.5 and under 15 years.15 and under 25 years.25 and under 45 years45 and under 65 years.65 yearsand upwards.Totals— Above 5 years.
  • Page 56
    TABLE V.—continued.
    CAUSES OF DEATH.Classification No.Totals— All AgesUnder 1 year.1 and under 2 years.2 and under 5 years.Totals— Uder 5 Years.5 and under 15 years.15 and under 25 years.25 and under 45 years.45 and under 65 years.65 yearsand upwardsTotals— Above Five Years.
  • Page 57
    TABLE V.—continued.
    CAUSES OF DEATH.Classification No.Totals— All AgesUnder 1 year.1 and under 2 years.2 and under 5 yearsTotals— Under 5 Years.5 and under 15 years.15 and under 25 years.25 and under 45 years.45 and under 65 years.65 yearsand upwards.Totals— Above 5 Years
    TotalMFMFMFMFMFTotalMFMFMFMFMFMF
  • Page 58
    TABLE V.—continued.
    CAUSES OF DEATH.Classification No.Totals— All Age.Under 1 year.1 andunder 2 years.2 and under 5 years.Totals— Under 5 years.5 and under 15 years.15 and under 25 years.25 and under 45 years.45 and under 65 years.65 yearsand upwards.Totals— Above 5 years.
    TotalMFMFMFMFMFTotalMFMFMFMFMFMFTotal
  • Page 59
    TABLE V.—continued.
    CAUSES OF DEATH.Classification No.Totals— All Ages.Under 1 year.1 and under 2 years.2 and under 5 years.Totals— Under 5 years.5 and under 15 years.15 and under 25 years.25 and under 45 years.45 and under 65 years.65 yearsand upwards.Totals— Above 5 years.
    TotalMFMFMFMFMFTotalMFMFMFMFMFMFTotal
  • Page 60
    TABLE V.—continued.
    CAUSES OF DEATH.Classification No.Totals— All Ages.Under 1 year.1 and under 2 years.2 and under 5 years.Totals— Under 5 years.5 and under 15 years.15 and under 25 years.25 and under 45 years45 and under 65 years.65 yearsand upwards.Totals-Above 5 years.
    TotalMFMFMFMFMFTotalMFMFMFMFMFMFTotal
  • Page 61
    TABLE VI. Summary of the Work done by the Male Sanitary Inspectors during the Year 1920.
    DESCRIPTION OF WORK, &c.NUMBER OF DISTRICT.Grand Total.
    123456789
  • Page 62
    TABLE VII. Vaccination Officer's Return respecting the Vaccination of Children whose Births were Registered in 1919.
    DATE.Registration Sub-Districts comprised in Vaccination Officers District.Number ofBirths returned in Birth List Sheets.Number of these Births duly entered in Columns 1, 2, 4, and 5 of the Vaccination Register (Birth List Sheets), viz.:Number of these Births which are not entered in the Vaccination Register, on account,(as shown by Report Book) of
    Column I. Success fully Vaccinated.Column II.Column V. Dead, Unvacci-nated.Postponement by Medical Certificate.Removed to other Districts and notified to Vaccination Officers of the Districts.Removal to places unknown, or which cannot be reached, and cases not having been found.Total Number of Certificates of Successful Vaccination received during the Calendar Year, 1920.
    Insusceptible of Vaccination.Certificate ofConscientious Objection.
    1919.1234678910