Annual report of the Medical Officer of Health 1915

Page 3

The estimated populations of North and South Kensington and the several Wards are as follows:—

Page 4

The following Table shows the number of births and the birth-rate in North and South Kensington and in the several Wards, after distribution of the births at the Borough Infirmary, Queen Charlotte's Hospital, and other Institutions.

	Total Births.	Birth-rate per 1,000 of the Population.

Page 5

The number of deaths at all ages with the corresponding death-rates in the Borough, in North and South Kensington and in the several Wards was as follows:—

Districts.	Number of Deaths.	Crude Death-rate per 1,000 inhabitants.

Page 6

Causes of Death.—These are set out in detail in the Appendix. The following list shows certain causes of death which are important in themselves or from the fact that they contributed a considerable share to the total mortality for the year:—

Cause of Death.	Number of Deaths.

Page 7

The difference between the infantile death-rates recorded in the various districts of the Borough is very marked, as will be seen from the following figures:—

District.	Deaths under one year.	Deaths under one year per 1,000 Births.

Page 7

Causes of Infantile Mortality.—ln the following Table the deaths occurring in infants under the age of 12 months during the year 1915 and the two preceding years have been classified according to the nature of the disease which was in each case certified as the cause of death.

Cause of Death.	Number of Deaths.
Cause of Death.	1913	1914	1915

Page 8

A summary of the work of the Health Visitors, so far as it admits of tabulation, is given in the subjoined return.

District.	No. 1.		No. 2.*		No. 3.*		1, 2 and 3.
Cases.	1st Visit.	Re-Visit.	1st Visit.	Re-Visit.	1st Visit.	Re-Visit.	1st Visit.	Re-Visit.

Page 11

The seasonal incidence of diphtheria, with that of scarlet fever and enteric fever is illustrated by the subjoined Table:—

Report for four weeks ended	No. of Notifications.
Report for four weeks ended	Diphtheria.	Scarlet Fever.	Enteric Fever.

Page 12

Diphtheria in Kensington, 1901-1915.

Year.	Cases Notified.	Case-rate per 1,000 of population.	Deaths.	Death-rate per 1,000 of population.	Case-mortality per cent.

Page 12

Scarlet Fever in Kensington, 1901-1915.

Year.	Cases notified.	Case rate per 1,000 of population.	Deaths.	Death rate per 1,000 of population.	Case mortality per cent

Page 13

Epidemic Diseases.

Notifiable.	Deaths, 1915.	Non-Notifiable.	Deaths, 1915.

Page 14

Non-notifiable Epidemic Diseases in 1915.

Report for four weeks ended	Number of Deaths.
Report for four weeks ended	Measles.	Whooping Cough.	Influenza.	Diarrhœa & Enteritis.

Page 14

Age at Death.	Measles.	Whooping Cough.	Influenza.	Diarrhœa & Enteritis.

Page 15

Tuberculosis in Kensington, 1901-1915. Number of Deaths and Death-rate per 100,000 persons living.

Period.	Phthisis.		Other Tuberculous Diseases.		Tuberculosis—All Forms.
Period.	Deaths.	Death-rate.	Deaths.	Death-rate.	Deaths.	Death-rate.

Page 15

Deaths from Tuberculosis in Wards, 1906-1910, 1915, and 1911-1915.

District.	Number of Deaths.				Death-rate per 10,000.
	Pulmonary Tuberculosis.			Other Forms.	Pulmonary Tuberculosis.			Other Forms.
	1906-10	1915.	1911-15.	1915.	1906-10.	1915.	1911-15	1915.

Page 16

Deaths from Tuberculosis in Age Periods.

Age Periods.		Under 5 years.	5 to 15.	15 to 45.	45 and upwards.	Total.

Page 16

The place at which death occurred affords some indication of the provision made in institutions for persons in the last stages of tuberculous disease:-

Number of Deaths from
Place of Death.	Pulmonary Tuberculosis.	Other Forms.

Page 16

Notifications Received—The notifications received during the year numbered 974, and have been classified in the following Table:—

	Number of Notifications.
	A. (Primary Cases.)	B. (School Cases.)	C (Admissions to Institutions)	D. (Discharges from Institutions.)	Total.

Page 16

The notifications on Form A of persons suffering from tuberculosis, and on Form C of patients admitted to residential institutions were received from the following sources:-

Source of Notifications.	Phthisis.			Other forms of Tuberculosis
Source of Notifications.	Form A.	Form C.	Total.	Form A.	Form C.	Total.

Page 17

Cases of Tuberculosis Reported in 1915.

Source of Information.	Pulmonary Tuberculosis.			Other Forms.			All Forms. Total Cases.
Source of Information.	New Cases.	Notified in previous years.	Total Cases.	New Cases.	Notified in previous years.	Total Cases.	All Forms. Total Cases.

Page 17

Distribution of Notified Cases.

District.	Number of New Cases.
District.	Pulmonary Tuberculosis.	Other Forms.	Total. All Forms.

Page 18

Age and Sex of Persons Notified.

Tuberculosis.	Under 5 years.		515.		15-25.		25-35.		35-45.		45-55.		55 and upwards.		Total
	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F

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Forms of Tuberculosis in Persons Notified.

Site of Disease.	Number of Cases.

Page 19

For the sake of brevity, the action taken during the year for the prevention of consumption may be summarised in tabular form as follows :— I.—The Number of Visits paid during the year.

Page 20

Deaths from Cancer, 1915.

Parts Affected.	Sex.		Total.
Parts Affected.	Male.	Female.	Total.

Page 20

The following bacteriological work has been carried out in the Lister Institute at the Council's expense, with a view to assisting medical practitioners in the diagnosis of infectious ailments:—

Disease Suspected.	Number of Cases.
Disease Suspected.	Positive.	Negative.	Total

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The Register of Milk Purveyors.

	Class of Premises.
	Milkshops.	General Stores.	Restaurants.	Totals.

Page 26

The inspections of the above premises during the year numbered 1,151, and resulted in the discovery of the following defects which were remedied after the service of notices:—

Defects found.	Number of Defects.

Page 27

Samples Collected by the Sanitary Inspectors.

Name of Sample	Number Taken.	Number Adulterated.

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Milk and Cream not sold an Preserved Cream.

Article.	Number of Samples examined for the presence of a preservative	Number in which a preservative was reported to be present.

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HOUSING OF THE WORKING CLASSES The number of inhabited and empty dwellings or tenements in the Borough in the Census year 1911 was as follows:—

District.	Dwellings or Tenement.
	Inhabited.		Uninhabited. Dwellings.
	Separately Occupied Tenements.	Institutions.	Uninhabited. Dwellings.

Page 31

Lodgings provided by the Council.—The total number of tenements provided by the Council for the working classes under the Housing Acts is shown in the following Table:—

Rooms in Tenement.	Number of Tenements.	Rent per Week.

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Common Lodging Houses.

Ward.	Name of Keeper.	Address of Common Lodging House.	No. of Lodgers, for which licensed in 1915.
Male.	Female.	Address of Common Lodging House.	Total.

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" The subjoined Table summarises particulars of the 66 factories and 852 workshops on the register at the end of the year in North Kensington and South Kensington respectively.

Workshops, etc.	North Kensington.				South Kensington.				Total for Whole Borough
Workshops, etc.	Dressmakers.	Laundries.	Miscellaneous.	Total.	Dressmakers	Laundries.	Miscellaneous.	Total.	Total for Whole Borough

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Home Work.

Page 38

The appended Table summarises the work of the year, so far as it is capable of being expressed in this form:—

Premises Visited.	Number of Visits and Inspections.
Premises Visited.	No. 1 District.	No. 2 District.	The Borough.

Page 41

Legal Proceedings under the Public Health (London) Act, 1891, Metropolis Local Management Act and Housing, Town Planning, etc., Act, 1909.

Date.	Name and Address of Defendant.	Offence.	Result

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Continued from previous page...

Date.	Name and Address of Defendant	Offence.	Result.

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Disinfection, 1915.

Nature of Infection.	Rooms Disinfected.	Premises Disinfected	Disinfections at Wood Lane

Page 43

Year.	Weight of Articles sent from Premises.				Number of Disinfections at Wood Lane.
Year.	Tons.	Cwts.	Qrs.	Lbs.	Number of Disinfections at Wood Lane.

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The following number of articles was dealt with at the Wood Lane Disinfecting Station during the year:—

Page 44

PUBLIC BATHS AND WASHHOUSES The subjoined particulars set forth the use made of the Public Baths and Washhouses during 1915 and the three preceding years by washers and bathers.—

Year.	Washers.	Bathers.

Page 45

Number of Bodies taken into the Mortuary.

Year	No. of bodies received at the Mortuary.	No. of bodies upon which Coroner's inquests were held.	No. of bodies upon which post-mortem examinations were made.

Page 49

TABLE I. Vital Statistics of Whole District during 1915 and previous Years.

Year.	Population estimated to Middle of each Year.	Births.			Total Deaths Registered in the District.		Transferable Deaths.		Nett Deaths belonging to the District
		Uncorrected Number.	Nett.		Total Deaths Registered in the District.		of Nonresidents registered in the District.	of Residents not registered in the District.	Under 1 Year of Age		At all Ages.
		Uncorrected Number.	Number.	Rate.	Number.	*Rate.	of Nonresidents registered in the District.	of Residents not registered in the District.	Number.	Rate per 1,000 Nett Births	Number.	Rate.

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TABLE II. Cases of Infectious Disease notified during the Year, 1915.

Notifiable Disease.	Number of Cases Notified.								Total Cases Notified in each Ward.									Total Cases Removed to Hospital.
	At all Ages.	At Ages.—Years.							St. Charles.	Golborne.	Norland.	Pembridge.	Holland.	Earl's Court.	Queen's Gate.	Redcliffe.	Brompton.
	At all Ages.	Under 1.	1 to 5.	5 to 15.	15 to 25.	25 to 45.	45 to 65.	65 and upwards.	St. Charles.	Golborne.	Norland.	Pembridge.	Holland.	Earl's Court.	Queen's Gate.	Redcliffe.	Brompton.

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TABLE III. Causes of, and Ages at, Death during the Year 1915.

Causes of Death		Nett Deaths at the subjoined ages of " Residents " whether occurring within or without the District.									Total Deaths whether of " Residents " or " Non-Residents" in Institutions in the District.
Causes of Death		All Ages.	Under 1 year.	1 and under 2 years.	2 and under 5 years.	5 and under 15 years.	15 and under 25 years.	25 and under 45 years.	45 and under 65 years.	65 and upwards.

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TABLE IV. INFANT MORTALITY DURING THE YEAR 1915. Nett Deaths from stated Causes, at Various Ages, under One Year of Age.

Cause of Death.		Under 1 week.	1-2 Weeks.	2-3 Weeks.	3-4 Weeks.	Total under 4 Weeks.	1-3 Months.	3-6 Months.	6-9 Months.	9-12 Months.	Total Deaths UNDER One Year.

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TABLE V. Births and Deaths in Kensington; Birth-rates and Death-rates; and Infantile Mortality 1881-1915 in London and Kensington.

Period	Number of Births.	Birth Rate per 1,000 living.		Number of Deaths.	Death Rate per 1,000 living.		Deaths under One Year.	Deaths under One Year per 1,000 Births.
Period	Number of Births.	London.	Kensington.	Number of Deaths.	London.	Kensington.	Deaths under One Year.	London.	Kensington

Page 54

TABLE VI. Deaths from the Principal Epidemic Diseases, 1881-1915.

Period.	Deaths from the Seven Principal Epidemic Diseases.
Period.	Small Pox	Measles.	Scarlet Fever.	Diphtheria	Whooping- Cough	Enteric Fever.	Diarrhœa and Enteritis (all ages).	Diarrhœa and Enteritis (under 2 years.)

Page 54

TABLE VII. Death-rate in Kensington, per 1,000 persons living, from each of the Seven Principal Epidemic Diseases. 1881-1915.

Period.	Smallpox.	Measles.	Scarlet Fever.	Diphtheria.	Whooping Cough.	Enteric Fever.	Diarrhœa and Enteritis (all ages).	Diarrhoea and Enteritis (under 2 years).

Page 55

TABLE VIII. Causes of Death at different periods of life in the Year 1915.

CAUSES OF DEATH.	Classification No.	Totals— All Ages.			Under 1 year.		1 and under 2 years.		2 and under 5 years.		Totals— Under 5 Years.			5 and under 15 years.		15 and under 25 years.		25 and under 45 years.		45 and under 65 years.		65 years and upwards.		Totals- Above 5 Years.
CAUSES OF DEATH.	Classification No.	Total	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	Total	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	Total

Page 56

TABLE VIII._Continued.

CAUSES OF DEATH.	Classification No.	Totals— All Ages.			Under 1 year.		1 and under 2 years.		2 and under 5 years.		Totals— Under 5 Years.			5 and under 15 years.		15 and under 25 years.		25 and under 45 years.		45 and under 65 years.		65 years and upwards.		Totals— Above Five Years.
CAUSES OF DEATH.	Classification No.	Total	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	Total	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	Total

Page 57

TABLE VIII.—continued.

CAUSES OF DEATH.	Classification No.	Totals— All Ages.			Under 1 year		1 and under 2 years.		2 and under 5 years.		Totals— Under 5 Years.			5 and under 15 years.		15 and under 25 years.		25 and under 45 years.		45 and under 65 years.		65 years and upwards.		Totals— Above 5 Years.
CAUSES OF DEATH.	Classification No.	Total	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	Total	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	Total

Page 58

TABLE VIII.-continued.

CAUSES OF DEATH.	Classification No.	Totals— All Ages.			Under 1 year.		1 and under 2 years.		2 and under 5 years.		Totals— Under. 5 Years.			5 and under 15 years.		15 and under 25 years.		25 and under 45 years.		45 and under 65 years.		65 years and upwards.		Totals— Above Five Years.
CAUSES OF DEATH.	Classification No.	Total	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	Total	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	Total

Page 59

TABLE VIII.—continued.

CAUSES OF DEATH.	Classification No.	Totals— All Ages.			Under 1 year.		1 and under 2 years.		2 and under 5 years.		Totals— Under 5 Years.			5 and under 15 years		15 and under 25 years.		25 and under 45 years.		45 and under 65 years		65 years and upwards.		Totals— Above 5 Years.
CAUSES OF DEATH.	Classification No.	Total	F	M	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	Total	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	Total

Page 60

TABLE VIII.—continued.

CAUSES OF DEATH.	Classification No.	Totals— All Ages.			Under 1 year.		1 and under 2 years.		2 and under 5 years.		Totals— Under 5 Years.			5 and under 15 years.		15 and under 25 years.		25 and under 45 years.		45 and under 65 years.		65 years and upwards.		Totals— Above 5 Years.
CAUSES OF DEATH.	Classification No.	Total	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	Total	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F	Total

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TABLE IX.—PROCEEDINGS DURING 1915.

PREMISES.	NUMBER OF PLACES.				Number of inspections, 1915.	Number of notices, 1915.	Number of prosecutions, 1915.
PREMISES.	On register at end of 1914	Added in 1915.	Removed in 1915.	On register at end of 1915.	Number of inspections, 1915.	Number of notices, 1915.	Number of prosecutions, 1915.

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TABLE X. Summary of the Work done by the Sanitary Inspectors during the Year 1915.

DESCRIPTION OF WORK, Etc.	NUMBER OF DISTRICT.										Grand Total.
DESCRIPTION OF WORK, Etc.	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8*	9	10	Grand Total.

London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972

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Kensington 1915

58 tables in this report

The estimated populations of North and South Kensington and the several Wards are as follows:—

The following Table shows the number of births and the birth-rate in North and South Kensington and in the several Wards, after distribution of the births at the Borough Infirmary, Queen Charlotte's Hospital, and other Institutions.

The number of deaths at all ages with the corresponding death-rates in the Borough, in North and South Kensington and in the several Wards was as follows:—

Causes of Death.—These are set out in detail in the Appendix. The following list shows certain causes of death which are important in themselves or from the fact that they contributed a considerable share to the total mortality for the year:—

The difference between the infantile death-rates recorded in the various districts of the Borough is very marked, as will be seen from the following figures:—

Causes of Infantile Mortality.—ln the following Table the deaths occurring in infants under the age of 12 months during the year 1915 and the two preceding years have been classified according to the nature of the disease which was in each case certified as the cause of death.

A summary of the work of the Health Visitors, so far as it admits of tabulation, is given in the subjoined return.

The seasonal incidence of diphtheria, with that of scarlet fever and enteric fever is illustrated by the subjoined Table:—

Diphtheria in Kensington, 1901-1915.

Scarlet Fever in Kensington, 1901-1915.

Epidemic Diseases.

Non-notifiable Epidemic Diseases in 1915.

Tuberculosis in Kensington, 1901-1915. Number of Deaths and Death-rate per 100,000 persons living.

Deaths from Tuberculosis in Wards, 1906-1910, 1915, and 1911-1915.

Deaths from Tuberculosis in Age Periods.

The place at which death occurred affords some indication of the provision made in institutions for persons in the last stages of tuberculous disease:-

Notifications Received—The notifications received during the year numbered 974, and have been classified in the following Table:—

The notifications on Form A of persons suffering from tuberculosis, and on Form C of patients admitted to residential institutions were received from the following sources:-

Cases of Tuberculosis Reported in 1915.

Distribution of Notified Cases.

Age and Sex of Persons Notified.

Forms of Tuberculosis in Persons Notified.

For the sake of brevity, the action taken during the year for the prevention of consumption may be summarised in tabular form as follows :— I.—The Number of Visits paid during the year.

Deaths from Cancer, 1915.

The following bacteriological work has been carried out in the Lister Institute at the Council's expense, with a view to assisting medical practitioners in the diagnosis of infectious ailments:—

The Register of Milk Purveyors.

The inspections of the above premises during the year numbered 1,151, and resulted in the discovery of the following defects which were remedied after the service of notices:—

Samples Collected by the Sanitary Inspectors.

Milk and Cream not sold an Preserved Cream.

HOUSING OF THE WORKING CLASSES The number of inhabited and empty dwellings or tenements in the Borough in the Census year 1911 was as follows:—

Lodgings provided by the Council.—The total number of tenements provided by the Council for the working classes under the Housing Acts is shown in the following Table:—

Common Lodging Houses.

" The subjoined Table summarises particulars of the 66 factories and 852 workshops on the register at the end of the year in North Kensington and South Kensington respectively.

Home Work.

The appended Table summarises the work of the year, so far as it is capable of being expressed in this form:—

Legal Proceedings under the Public Health (London) Act, 1891, Metropolis Local Management Act and Housing, Town Planning, etc., Act, 1909.

Continued from previous page...

Disinfection, 1915.

The following number of articles was dealt with at the Wood Lane Disinfecting Station during the year:—

PUBLIC BATHS AND WASHHOUSES The subjoined particulars set forth the use made of the Public Baths and Washhouses during 1915 and the three preceding years by washers and bathers.—

Number of Bodies taken into the Mortuary.

TABLE I. Vital Statistics of Whole District during 1915 and previous Years.

TABLE II. Cases of Infectious Disease notified during the Year, 1915.

TABLE III. Causes of, and Ages at, Death during the Year 1915.

TABLE IV. INFANT MORTALITY DURING THE YEAR 1915. Nett Deaths from stated Causes, at Various Ages, under One Year of Age.

TABLE V. Births and Deaths in Kensington; Birth-rates and Death-rates; and Infantile Mortality 1881-1915 in London and Kensington.

TABLE VI. Deaths from the Principal Epidemic Diseases, 1881-1915.

TABLE VII. Death-rate in Kensington, per 1,000 persons living, from each of the Seven Principal Epidemic Diseases. 1881-1915.

TABLE VIII. Causes of Death at different periods of life in the Year 1915.

TABLE VIII._Continued.

TABLE VIII.—continued.

TABLE VIII.-continued.

TABLE VIII.—continued.

TABLE VIII.—continued.

TABLE IX.—PROCEEDINGS DURING 1915.

TABLE X. Summary of the Work done by the Sanitary Inspectors during the Year 1915.