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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

Paddington 1901

Report on the vital statistics and sanitary work for the year 1901

Published
1902
Author
Dudfield, Reginald.
Pages
156
Tables
107

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107 tables in this report

  • Page 2
    TABLE 1.
    Population.Increase (+) Decrease (—) Per cent.
    District.1891.1901.
  • Page 2
    TABLE 2.
    All ages.Males toUnder 10 years of age.
    Males.Females.Females.Males.Females.Persons.
    Percentage of total population.(Males —100.)Per cent. of total enumerated in each case.
  • Page 3
    TABLE 3. Density of Population. (Calculated upon areas of districts as now constituted.)
    Nett Area.Persons per acre.
    Acres.1891.1901.
  • Page 3
    TABLE 4.BOROUGH OF PADDINGTON. Density of Population.
    Wards.—1901
    Registration Sub-Districts. (As now constituted.)Area.*Persons per acre.Persons Area.† per acre.
    1891.1901.
  • Page 3
    During 1900 certain information was collated with respect to three well-defined areas, particulars of which are here given:—
    Area.Persons per acre.
  • Page 4
    TABLE 5. Persons per "House." Calculated from returns adjusted for changes of boundaries.
    1891.1901.
  • Page 5
    The chief returns for each class of home were as follow:—
  • Page 5
    Moreover, not only have there been these changes in the proportions residing in each class of home, but there have been reductions in the average numbers residing in each home. This will be evident from a perusal of the following statement:—
  • Page 6
    TABLE 6.
    Homes containingPercentage total population residing therein.Average number of occupants per home of each class.
    Metropolis.Kensington.Westminster.Marylebone.Hainpstead.PADDINGTONMetropolis.Kensington.Westminster.Marylebone.Hainpstead.PADDINGTON
  • Page 7
    Dealing with each class of home, it appears that reductions took place in each group, as will b( seen from the following statement:—
    Homes of one room.Percentage overcrowded
    Counted.Overcrowded.Of homes of this class.Of all homes.
  • Page 7
    TABLE 7. Overcrowding—Tenements. Percentage of each class overcrowded.
    No. of rooms in home.Census of.Metropolis.Kensington.Westminster.Marylebone.Hampstead.PADDINGTON.
  • Page 8
    TABLE 8. Overcrowding—Persons. Percentage of residents in each class of home overcrowded.
    No. of rooms in home.Census of.Metropolis.Kensington.Westminster.Marylebone.Hampstead.PADDINGTON.
  • Page 9
    TABLE IX. Estimates of Population of Borough.
    Reqistration Sub-Districts.Persons.
  • Page 10
    BIRTHS. TABLE 10. Births and Birth-rates.
    Paddington.Registration Sub-Districts.
    St. Mary.St. John.North-West l'addington.
    Males.Females.Both Sexes.Males.Females.Both Sexes.Males.FemalesBoth Sexes.Males.Females.Both Sexes.
  • Page 10
    TABLE 11. Births and Birth-rates, 1891-1901.
    Year.Paddington.Registration Sub-Districts.Birth-rates.‡
    St. Mary.St. John.North-West.
    Eegd.Eates. †Eegd.Eates. †Eegd.Eates. †Eegd.Eates.England and Wales.London.
  • Page 11
    TABLE 12. Illegitimate Births. 1901.
    Paddington.St. Mary.St. John.North-West Paddington.
  • Page 11
    TABLE 13. Illegitimate Births and Birth-rates.
    Year.Births Registered.Birth-rates per 1,000 of Population.*Illegitimate Births per 100 Legitimate.
    Legitimate.Illegitimate.Total.Legitimate.Illegitimate.Total.
  • Page 12
    TABLE 14. Vaccination Returns, 1881-1900. (Compiled each year from information supplied by the Vaccination Officer.)
    Year.Births.Successfully vaccinated.Insusceptible of vaccination.Had Small-pox.Died unvaccinated.Vaccination postponed.Remaining (not traced, &c., &c.)*Children not accounted for (including postponed cases) % of births.
  • Page 14
    TABLE 15. Notifications, 1900 and 1901.
    Disease.Paddington.*London.
    1901.1900.Increase ( +) Decrease( -)1901.1900.Increase(+) Decrcase( -)
  • Page 14
    TABLE 16. Notifications, 1901.
    Population, 1901.Small-pox.CHolera.Diphtheria.Memb. Croup.Erysipelas.Fevers.Totals.
    Scarlet.Typhus.Enteric.Relapsing.Continued.Puerperal.
  • Page 15
    NOTIFICATIONS. TABLE 17. Notifications, 1901.
    Disease.Registration Sub-Districts.London.Sickness Rates, 1901.
    St. Mary.St. John.N.-W. Paddington.
    1901.Dep. from Average. #1901.Dep. from Average. *1901.Dep. from Average. *1901.Dep. from Average. *Paddington.London.
  • Page 15
    TABLE 18. Notifications, 1901.
    Ages.Small-pox.Diphtheria.Membranous Croup.Erysipelas.Fevers.
    Scarlet.Enteric.Puerperal.
  • Page 16
    SMALL-POX.
    Paddington.London.
  • Page 22
    DIPHTHERIA (including Membranous Croup).
    Paddington.London.
  • Page 22
    Diphtheria.
    St. Mary.St. John.North-West Paddington.
  • Page 24
    Households with three cases daring the year—
    Intervals 1st and 2nd Cases.Between 2nd and 3rd Cases.
  • Page 24
    Diphtheria in Queen's Park Ward.—During the first half-year the Ward was practically free from tlus disease, only seven cases being reported, distributed, according to onset, as follows:—
    Cases.Cases.
  • Page 24
    In the third quarter 31 cases were recorded, and in the fourth, 69:—
    Cases.Cases
  • Page 26
    STREET INCIDENCE.
    Odd Nos.Even Nos.Odd Nos.Even Nos.Odd Nos.Even Nos.Odd Nos.Even Nos.
  • Page 26
    SUMMARY.
  • Page 27
    Summarizing the preceding paragraphs, the appended table is obtained:—
    Beethoven Street.Droop Street.Kilburn Lane.Other Schools.
  • Page 28
    SCARLET FEVER. SCARLET FEVER.
    Paddington.London.
  • Page 28
    Scarlet Fever. Annual average number of cases reported in each five years.
    1891-95.1896-1900.1901
  • Page 28
    The incidence of the disease was heavier in the under-mentioned streets than in other parts of the Borough:—
  • Page 28
    As a result of the inquiries made, the following special circumstances were recorded:—
  • Page 29
    The proportion of multiple cases from each Ward is indicated below :—
    Cases per House.
    Wards.123458
  • Page 29
    The intervals recorded in each of the o2 cases can be seen from the appended tabulation:—
    Intervals.Wards.
    I.IIIIIIV.V.VI.VII.VIII.
  • Page 30
    Of the 13 instances tabulated above, three have to be excluded on account of erroneous diagnosis, viz., one each in Wards II., III., and V. The intervals of the remaining 10 instances were as below:—
    Intervals between
    1st and 2nd Cases.2nd and 3rd Cases.
  • Page 31
    TABLE 19. Notifications, 1901.
    Disease.Cases from each Ward.
    I. Queen's Park.II. Harrow Road.III. Maida Vale.IV. West-bourneV. Church.VI. Lancaster Gate (West).VII. Lancaster Gate (East).VIII. Hyde Park.
  • Page 32
    Of the cases reported, 12 were males and 18 females; the age division being—
    0—33—55—13
  • Page 32
    The sex-age distribution was somewhat different, as will be seen from the appended statement:—
    0—11—33—55—13aged 131933
  • Page 33
    ENTERIC (TYPHOID) FEVER.1
    Paddington.London.
  • Page 33
    Entfric Fever.
    St. Mary.St. John.North-West Paddington.London.
  • Page 33
    From the inquiries made, 29 cases can be excluded from present consideration, viz.:—
  • Page 33
    According to the reputed dates of onset, the 63 cases not thus accounted for were distributed thus:—
  • Page 34
    PUERPERAL FEVER.
    Paddington.London.
  • Page 34
    A better criterion is the proportion whieli the cases bear to the registered births, but this comparison cannot be made completely as the births in North-West Paddington prior to 1901 are not known.
    St. Mary.St. John.North-West Paddington.
    AverageAverageAverage
  • Page 35
    TABLE 20.
    Name of School.Resident Attenders.Non-resident Attenders.
    Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria.Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria
    Scholars.Others.Scholars.Others.
  • Page 36
    Diphtheria.
    Scholars reported.Non-scholars.
  • Page 36
    The results are tabulated below:—
    Diphtheria.Enteric Fever.
  • Page 37
    TABLE 21. Deaths at all Ages. 1901.
    Quarters.Paddington.Registration Sub-Districts.N.W. Paddington.
    St. Mary.St. John.
  • Page 37
    TABLE 22. Deaths at all Ages. 1901.
    Quarters.Queen's Park.Harrow Road.Maida Vale.West-bourne.Church.Lancaster West.Gate. East.Hyde Park.
  • Page 37
    TABLE 23. 1901.
    Wards.Ages at Death.
    0—1.1-5.5—15.15—25.25—65.65 and over.
  • Page 38
    TABLE 24. Death- rates, 1901.*
    All Causes.Smallpox.Measles.Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria.Whooping Cough.Fever.Diarrhoea.Phthisis.Infant Mortality.
  • Page 38
    TABLE 25. Deaths from Selected Causes.
    (Death at all Ages persons).Paddington.St. Mary.St. John.North-West Paddington.
    1901.Averages.*1901.Averages.*1901.Averages.*1901.Averages.*
    1891 to1895.1896to 1900.1891to 1900.1891to 1895.1896to 1900.1891 to1900.1891 to1895.1896to 1900.1891 to 1900.1891to 1895.1896to 1900.1891to 1900.
  • Page 39
    CAUSES OF DEATH. TABLE 25A. Mortality Eates Selected from Causes.
    Cases of Death.Paddington.St. Mary.St. John.North-West Paddington.
    Mean Eates.Mean Eates.Mean Eates.Mean Eates.
    1901.1891 to 1895.1896 to 1900.1891 to 1900.1901.1891 to 1895.1896 to 1900.1891 to 1900.1901.1891 to 1895.1896 to 1900.1891 to 1900.1901.1891 to 1895.1896 to 1900.1891 to 1900.
  • Page 39
    TABLE 26. Death-rates from "All Causes" and Selected Diseases.
    Death-rates* fromInfantile Mortality (0-1 year) per 1,000 birth registered.
    All Causes.Small-pox.Measles.Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria.Whooping Cough."Fever."Diarrhœa.
  • Page 41
    CAUSES OF DEATH. Table giving particulars of 1,017 cases of small-pox treated in the hospitals of the Metropolitan Asylums Board to recovery or death during the year 1901, their condition in relation to vaccination and the mortality per cent.:—
    Ages.Vaccinated.Doubtful.Unvaccinated.Total Cases and Deaths.Ages.
    Cases.Deaths.Mortality per cent.Cases.Deaths.Mortality per cent.Cases.Deaths.Mortality per cent.Cases.Deaths.Mortality per cent.
  • Page 41
    Analysis of Dkaths fkom Small-pox. From commencement of epidemic to January 11th, 1902. (From the Registrar-General's Weekly Return for 2 7 th January, 1902.)
    All Ages.0—1—5—10—15—20—40—60 and upwards
  • Page 42
    The deaths were registered in the following weeks—a statement which indicates the special prevalence during the last quarter of the year—
  • Page 42
    In the Report for 1900 (p. 44) a table was given contrasting the mortality from this disease in epidemic and non-epidemic years—the comparison being extended back to 1870. The summarized results were as follows:—
    Old Parish.Non-epidemic years.Epidemic years.
  • Page 42
    During the past year the corresponding returns for Queen's Park Ward have been taken out for the years 1891-1900. Adding these to the returns for Old Paddington, the following cbmparison is obtained—
    Borough.Non-epidemic years.Epidemic years.
  • Page 42
    Scarlet Fever.
  • Page 43
    The relative fatalities which have prevailed among cases treated at home, and those removed to hospital, are indicated below. The columns for the years previous to 1901 relate to the Old Parish.
    Fatality among—1895.1896.1897.1898.1899.1900.1901.
  • Page 43
    Diphtheria.
  • Page 44
    CAUSES OF DEATH. appended Table shows, however, the numbers recorded at various ages in more detail than does Table IV. in the Appendix. Deaths from Diphtheria.
    1901.Registration Sub-Districts.
  • Page 44
    The fatalities prevailing among cases treated in hospital and at home are indicated in the appended statement, the returns up to 1900 relating to Old Paddington:—
  • Page 44
    Fever.*
  • Page 45
    CAUSES OF DEATH. The fatalities among hospital and home cases during the past seven years are indicated below— the figures for the years prior to 1901 being for the Old Parish:—
  • Page 45
    Puerperal Fever.
  • Page 45
    The following were the total numbers of such deaths and of births registered in each Registration Sub-District during 1901:—
  • Page 45
    Whooping Cough.
  • Page 46
    CAUSES OF DEATH. Attention has been called in earlier reports to the differences in the mortalities from the notifiable and the non-notifiable diseases. The rates in 1901 were as below :—
  • Page 46
    Tubercular Diseases.
  • Page 46
    The number of deaths in each of the Wards from Tuberculosis (3 forms) will be found in Table V., in the Appendix (p. 68). The total deaths recorded in each Ward and the death-rate are given below:—
  • Page 47
    TABLE 27. Deaths from Tubercular Diseases, 1901.
    Ages.Phthisis.Other Tubercular Diseases.
    St. Mary.St. John.North-West Paddington.St. Mary.St. John.North-West Paddington.
  • Page 47
    The deaths from “cancer” have not in previous reports been tabulated for the Wards. The figures and rates for 1901 are as below:—
  • Page 48
    TABLE 28. Deaths from "Cancer." 1901.
    Ages at Death.Registration Sub-District.Paddington.
    St. Mary.St. John.North-West Paddington.
  • Page 48
    TABLE 29. Deaths from “Cancer.” 1901. Classified according to situation.
    St. Mary.St. John.North-West Paddington.
    C.O.C.O.C.O.
    m.f.m.f.m.f.m.f.m.f.m.f.
  • Page 49
    Diseases of Development.
  • Page 49
    Infantile Diarrhœa.
  • Page 50
    TABLE 30. Deaths under One Year 1901.
    Quarters.Year.
    1234
  • Page 50
    TABLE 31. Infantile Mortality. Ages at Death. 1901.
    Age at Death.Registration Sub-Districts.
    St. Mary.St. John.North-West Paddington.
  • Page 51
    TABLE 32. Deaths under One Year. 1901.
    Causes of Death.Registration Sub-Districts.
    St. Mary.St. John.North-West Paddington
  • Page 52
    TABLE 33. Deaths of Illegitimate Children, 1901.
    Ages.St. Mary.St. John.N.-W. Paddington.
  • Page 52
    TABLE 34. Illegitimate Children—Causes of Death.
    1901.0—1.1—5.5 and over.
  • Page 52
    Occupations of Mothers.
  • Page 54
    TABLE 35. Inquests on Residents—1901.
  • Page 54
    Notes of Cases.
  • Page 54
    Suicides—13. Males, 8; Females, 5.
  • Page 55
    Diphtheria.
    Cases reported during week endingSt. Mary.St. John.North-West Paddington.
  • Page 56
    The expenditure under this head was £991 for last year, as compared with—
  • Page 57
    There has been a decrease in the number of discontinuances of supply since the Department began to systematically inquire into the subject in November, 1899, as wall be seen from the appended statement:—
  • Page 57
    The intervals which elapsed between the discontinuance of supply and its restoration are given below:—
    Supply restoredGrand Junction.West Middlesex.
  • Page 58
    Combined Drainage.—Reports and plans were submitted to the Public Health Committee dealing with systems at—
  • Page 59
    TABLE 36. Special Inspections.
    1901.Workrooms Inspected.Workrooms Measured.Slaughterhouses Inspected.Dairies, Cowhouses, and Milkshops Inspected.Bakehouses Inspected.Eating-houses Inspected.Totals.
  • Page 62
    The Committee report that the following preservatives were said to be in use in addition to those which have been used from time immemorial (e.g., salt, vinegar, &c.):—
  • Page 64
    APPENDIX. TABLE I. Gross Returns of Births and Deaths. GROSS RETURNS OF BIRTHS AND DEATHS.
    YearPopulation estimated to middle of each Year,Births.Deaths under 1 Year of Age.Deaths at all Ages. Total.Deaths in Public Institutions.Deaths of Nonresidents registered in District.Deaths of Residents registered beyond District.Deaths at all Ages. (Nett Returns.)
    Number.Rate.*Number.Rate per 1,000 Births registered.Number.Rate.*Number.Rate.*
  • Page 65
    TABLE II. Nett Returns of Births and Deaths.
    Names of Localities.Parish* (Borough) 1.—PADDINGTON.2.—Registration Sub-District ST. MARY.3.—Registration Sub-District ST. JOHN.4.—Registration Sub- District NORTHWEST PADDINGTON.
  • Page 66
    TABLE III. Notification Returns 1891-1901.
  • Page 67
    TABLE IV. Causes of Death at Various Ages In Each Sex. Paddington. 1901. Corrected for Non-Residents dying within the Borough, and (as far as possible) for Residents dying without the Borough.
    Causes of Death.Under 1.1-5.5—15.15—25.25—65.65 and Upw'rdsAll Ages.
    M.F.M.FM.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.P.
  • Page 68
    TABLE V. Deaths at All Ages, Distributed according to Wards and Sexes. 1901. Corrected for Non-Residents dying within the Borough, and (as far as possible) for Residents without the Borough.
    Causes of Death.Queen's Park.Harrow Road.Maida Vale.West-bourne.Church.Lancaster Gate (West).Lancaster Gate (East).Hyde Park.
    M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.
  • Page 69
    TABLE VI. Causes of Deaths in Institutions, 1901.
    ( Causes of Death.Local Institutions.Deaths of Residents recorded beyond the Borough.
    Workhouse and Infirmary.St. Mary's Hospital.Children's Hospital.Other Institutions.Hospitals of Metropolitan Asylums Brd.Special and General Hospitals.Lunatic Asylums.Poor Law Institutions.Elsewhere.
  • Page 69
    TABLE VII. Return of Deaths in Local Public Institutions.
  • Page 70
    TABLE VIII. REPORT OF THE WORKS OF THE SANITARY DEPARTMENT COMPLETED DURING THE YEAR 1901.
    Inspections of Dwelling Houses.Sanitary Works completed in Dwelling Houses.To Regulate Keeping of Animals.Trade Supervision.Foods.
    Drainage, &c.Water Supply.Dust Receptacles.Miscellaneous.
    No of Com plaints received." House-to-House."On Complaint or after Illness.Cellar Dwellings.Re-inspection of all kinds.Entire Reconstruction.Drains Relaid, Trapped, or Ventilated.Waste Pipes Disconnected.Rain-water Pipes Disconnected.W.C., New, Provided, Repaired, ite.Soil Pipes Ventilated.Services Separated.Supplies Reinstated.Cisterns, New, Provided.Cisterns Cleansed, Repaired, &c.Cistern Overflows Disconnected.New, Provided.Repaired, &c.Drains Cleared, Flushed, &c.Houses or Rooms Cleansed, Whitewashed, &c.Cases of Overcrowding Abated.Cellar Dwellings Closed.Yards and Areas Paved and Drained.Manure Receptacles Reconstructed, &c.Accumulations Removed.Improperly-kept Removed.Slaughterhouses.Cowhouses, Dairies, .Milk Shops.Bakehouses.Eating-Houses.Offensive Trades, Wharves.Smoke Observations.Seizures of Unsound Food.
  • Page 72
    SUMMARY OF LEGAL PROCEEDINGS DURING 1901 Under Public Health (London) Act, 1891.
    Summonses for Non-compliance with Notices under Section 4.Fine.Costs.
  • Page 73
    Under Sale of Food and Drugs Act, 1870-1899.
    Fines.Costs.