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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

Strand (Westminster) 1896

Annual report on the statistics and sanitary condition relating to Strand District, London for the year 1896

Published
1897
Author
Allan, Francis J.
Pages
74
Tables
46

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46 tables in this report

  • Page 125
    TABLE I. Sub-Registration District of St. Anne, Westminster, comprising the Parish of St. Anne, Soho.
    Census Years.Separate Families.HOUSES.Building.PERSONS.Total.
    Inhabited.Empty.Occupied by day only.Males.Females.
  • Page 125
    Sub-Registration District of Strand, comprising the Parishes of St. Clement Danes; St. Mary-le-strand; St. Paul, Covent Garden; the Precinct of the Savoy; the Liberty of the Rolls; and part of the Temple.
  • Page 125
    Sanitary District of the Strand Board of Works.*
  • Page 126
    TABLE II. Corrected Population of each Parish in the District 1896.
    Population.Decrease of residents.Net decrease.
  • Page 128
    The relative rates of mortality of the sexes will be seen in the accompanying Table; the number of deaths of males in
    TABLE III.Deaths of Males per 1,000 male inhabitants.Comparative Mortality figure.Deaths of Females per 1,030 female inhabitants.Comparative Mortality figure
  • Page 129
    Table iv . shewing the Number of Births (Male and Female) occurring in the Strand District,and each of its Sub-Districts, in the Tear ending December 31st, 1896.
    Male.FemaleTotal.Rate per 1,000 of Population in 1896.Average Rate per 1,000 in the 5 years 1891-95.
  • Page 130
    TABLE V. London and Strand Death Rates for the year ending 31st December, 1896 (366 days), compared with the average rates for the five years, 1891-1895.
    Districts.Annual rate per 1,000 Persons Living.Deaths under 1 Year to 1,000 births.
    Total DeathsPrincipal Zymotic Diseases.Deaths from
    Average of 5 years.1896.Average of 5 years.1896.Small Pox.Measles.Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria.Whooping Cough.Fever.Diarrhcea.Average of 5 years.1896.
  • Page 131
    TABLE VI. Showing Locality at time of Death.
    Registration Sub-District.Sub-Districts.Workhouses and Infirmaries.General and Special Hospitals.Fever Hospitals.Lunatic Asylums.Totals.
    Males.Females.Males.Females.Males.Females.Males.Females.Males.Females.MalesFemales.Males and Females.
  • Page 132
    TABLE VII.
    Under 6 months.Between 6 and 12 months.Total.
  • Page 133
    TABLE VIII. Death Rate under 1 year of age, per 1,000 births.
    Males.Females.Both Sexes.
  • Page 133
    TABLE IX. Death rates per 1,000 persons living at different age periods.
    Age Groups.England and W ales.London.Strand Union.Westminster Union.
  • Page 134
    The General Death-Rates of the Parishes comprising the District, after making due correction for deaths in hospitals, &c., appear to be:—
    1896Average of previous 3 years.
  • Page 134
    Subjoined are also the death-rates for the Area represented under the " Housing of the Working Classes Act":—
    1896.Average of prevous 5 years.
  • Page 135
    TABLE X. Cases notified per 1,000 total population in the 53 weeks of 1896.
    Disease.London.Strand.St. Anne Sub-District.Strand Sub-District.
  • Page 135
    TABLE XI. Infectious Cases Notified in London.
    Year.Small Pox.Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria and Croup.Enteric Fever.Typhus Fever.Other Continued Fevers.Puerperal Fever.ErysipelasCholera.Relapsing Fever.Totals.
  • Page 136
    TABLE XII. Scarlet Fever, Diphtheria and Membranous Croup cases and deaths in age periods. Strand District, 1896.
    0-1 yrs.1-5 yrs.5-10 yrs.10-15 yrs.15-20 yrs.20-30 yrs.30-40 yrs.Total.
  • Page 136
    This statement holds good for the year L896 as the subjoined Table shows:—
    Quarter.Cases notified.Deaths.Case Mortality.Mean case Mortality taken as 100.Death rate per 1,000 population.
  • Page 142
    Vaccination in the District. I am indebted to Mr. J. H. Penfold and Mr. C. B. Snell, Vaccination Officers respectively of Westminster Union and Strand Union, for the subjoined details relating to the performance of Vaccination in those parts of the above Unions included in the Strand District.
    1895.Births.Successfully Vaccinated.Insusceptible.Died Unvaccinated.Vaccination Postponed.Removed and Address not known.Remaining.
  • Page 145
    Continued from previous page...
    Total number of Bodies.After Infectious Disease.Post-mortem examinations made.
  • Page 145
    Sanitary Work. The following list summarises the work carried out under the supervision of the Department during the year:—
  • Page 149
    Statistics relating to Artisans' Dwellings in the Strand District in 1896.
    Name of Dwellings.Population.Births.Birth-rate per 1,000.Deaths.Death-rate per 1,000.Previous Death-rate.Number of deaths fromInfectious Diseases notified.
    Under 5 years.5 years to 65 years.Above 65 years.Total.Tubercular Diseases.Other Zymotic Diseases.Respiratory Diseases.
  • Page 152
    "And whereas the number of persons of the working class that will be displaced by the scheme if carried out in accordance with this Order, is estimated at 3,172 as set forth in the following table:—
    Number of Holdings.Number of Room- in each Holding.Total Number of Rooms.Average Number of Occupants in each Holding.Total Number of Occupants.
  • Page 153
    which houses and lands are hereunder described, that is to say:—
    Reference number on Plan.Description.
  • Page 159
    apologies have been accepted and the offenders cautioned, but in the following cases further proceedings were deemed necessary: —
    Nature of Complaint.Result.
  • Page 164
    Name of Town or Sanitary District. Have you hail complaints with reference to sewer ventilators? Have you been able to trace any deleterious influences upon health from emanations from sewer ventilators? (à) At the street level. (á) From shafts. Do you consider it desirable that Sanitary Authorities should have power to erect ventilating shafts on private property where necessary? (a) Have you any experience of " Sewer-gas destructors " ? (ft) Have they proved satisfactory ?
  • Page 165
    Continued from previous page...
  • Page 166
    Name of Town or Sanitary District. Have you had complaints with reference to sewer ventilators? Have you been able to trace any deleterious influences upon health from emanations from sewer ventilators ? (à) At the street level. (á) From shafts. Do you consider it desirable that Sanitary Authorities should have power to erect ventilating shafts on private property where necessary a) Have you any experience of " Sewer-gas destructors " ? (&) Have they proved satisfactory?
  • Page 167
    St. George the Martyr, Southwark Yes (a) None have been proved. The Sanitary Authority is of opinion that ventilators fixed in the centre of a road in the form of a lamp column would be much more preferable than constructed against houses. (a) No.
  • Page 168
    Continued from previous page...
    Name of Town or Sanitary district.Have you had complaints with reference to sewer ventilators?Have you been able to trace any deleterious influences upon health from emanations from sewer ventilators ?(a) At the street level.(b) From shafts.Do you consider it desirable that Sanitary Authorities should have power to erect ventilating shafts on private property where necessary? (b) Have they proved satis factory ?(>(ff) Have you any experience of (b) Have they proved satis factory ?" Sewer-gas destructors " ? (&) Have they proved satisfactory ?
  • Page 169
    Blackpool Yes. (a) Not decidedly. No. Experience of ventilating shafts against houses is against their use. (a) Yes, Keeling and Worthington's patent. THE STRAND DISTRICT, LONDON.
  • Page 170
    Continued from previous page...
    Name of Town or Sanitary district.Have you had complaints with reference to sewer ventilators?Have you been able to trace any deleterious influences upon health from emanations from sewer ventilators ?(a) At the street level.(b) From shafts.Do you consider it desirable that Sanitary Authorities should have power to erect ventilating shafts on private property where necessary? (b) Have they proved satis factory ?(a) Have you any experience of "Sewer-gas destructors " ? (b) Have they proved satis factory ?
  • Page 171
    Kingston-upon-Thames There are no sewer ventilators except in roads not taken over by the Corporation. Complaints arise concerning these. (a) Cases of diphtheria have occurred in roads with sewer ventilators, and no other source has been evident, but the evidence is not definite. No. Sewers would be better if well flushed periodically and left un-ventilated. - THE STRAND DISTRICT, LONDON.
  • Page 172
    Name of Town or Sanitary District. Have you had complaints with reference to sewer ventilators? Have you been able to trace any deleterious influences upon health from emanations from sewer ventilators? Do you consider it desirable that Sanitary Authorities should have power to erect ventilating shafts on private property where necessary ? (a) Have you any experience of "Sewer-gas destructors"? ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF
  • Page 173
    West Bromwich Yes, many. (a) Enquiry tends to connect throat outbreaks with emanations, but the evidence is not conclusive. Not in view of recent law suit (King's Norton). (a) Yes, Deakin's. THE STRAND DISTRICT, LONDON.
  • Page 174
    Local Government Board. Form A. TABLE XIII. SUMMARY OF TABLES and showing DEATHS during the Year 1896 (366 days), in the Metropolitan Sanitary District of STRAND, classified according to Diseases, Ages , and Localities.
    Names of Localities adopted for the purpose of these Statistics ; Public Institutions being shown as separate localities.Mortality from all causes, at subjoined Ages.(i)Mortality from subjoined causes, distinguishing Deaths of Children under Five Years of Age.
    At all ages.Under 1 year.1 and under 5.5 and under 15.15 and under 25.25 and under 65.65 and upwards.12345678910111213141516171819202122
    Smallpox.Scarlatina.Diphtheria.Membranous Croup.Fevers.Cholera.Erysipelas.Measles.Whooping Cough.Diarrhœa and Dysentery.Rheumatic Fever.Ague.Phthisis.Bronchitis, Pneumonia, and Pleurisy.Heart Disease.Injuries.All other Diseases.TOTAL.
    (Columns for Population and Births are in Form B.)Typhus.Enteric or Typhoid.ContinuedRelapsing.Puerperal.
    (a)(b)(c)(d)(e)(f)(g)(h)
  • Page 175
    Local Government Board. Form A. TABLE XIIIa. Table of DEATHS during the Year 1896 (366 clays), in the STRAND Sub-District, classified according to Diseases, Ages and Localities.
    Names of Localities adopted for the purpose of these Statistics; Public Institutions being shown as separate localities.Mortality from all causes, at subjoined Ages.(i)Mortality from subjoined causes, distinguishing Deaths of Children under Five Years of Age.
    At all ages.Under 1 year.1 and under 5.5 and under 15.15 and under 25.25 and under 65.65 and upwards.12345678910111213141516171819202122
    Smallpox.Scarlatina.Diphtheria.Membranous Croup.Fevers.Cholera.Erysipelas.Measles.Whooping Cough.Diarrhœa and Dysentery.Rheumatic Fever.Ague.Phthisis.Bronchitis, Pneumonia, and Pleurisy.Heart DiseaseInjuriesAll other Diseases.TOTAL.
    ( Columns for Population and Births are in Form B.JTyphus.Enteric or Typhoid.ContinuedRelapsing.Puerperal.
    (a)(b)(c)(d)(e)(f)(g)(h)
  • Page 176
    Local Government Board. Form A. TABLE XIIIb. Table of DEATHS during the Year 1896 (366 days), in the ST. ANNE'S Sub-District, classified according to Diseases, Ages and Localities.
    ames of Localities adopted for the purpose of these Statistics; Public Institutions being shown as separate localities.Mortality from all causes, at subjoined Ages.(i)Mortality from subjoined causes, distinguishing Deaths of Children under Five Years of Age.
    At all ages.Under 1 year.1 and under 5.5 and under 15.15 and under 25.25 and under 65.65 and upwards.12345678910111213141516171819202122
    Smallpox.Scarlatina.DiphtheriajMembranous Croup.Fevers.Puerperal. JCholera.Erysipelas.Measles.Whooping Cough.Diarrhœa and Dysentery.Rheumatic Fever.Ague.Phthisis.Bronchitis, Pneumonia and Pleurisy,Heart Disease.Injuries.All other Diseases.TOTAL.
    ( Columns for Population and Births are in Form B.)Typhus.Enteric or |Typhoid.Continued.Relapsing.
    (a.)(b)(c)(d)(e)(f)(g)(h)
  • Page 177
    Local Government Board. Form B. TABLE XIV. Table of POPULATION, BIRTHS, AND OF NEW CASES OF INFECTIOUS SICKNESS, coming to the knowledge of the Medical Officer of Health, during the year 1896, (52 weeks) in the Metropolitan Sanitary District of STRAND, classified according to Diseases , Ages , and Localities.
    Names of Localities adopted for the purpose of these Statistics; Public Institutions being shown as separate localities.Population at all Ages.Registered Births.Aged under 5 or over 5.New Cases of Sickness in each Locality, coming to the knowledge of the Medical Officer of Health.N umber of such Cases removed from their Homes in the several Localities for Treatment in Isolation Hospital.
    Census 1896.Estimated to middle of 1896.12345678910111234567891011
    Smallpox.Scarlatina.Diphtheria.Membranous Croup.Fevers.Cholera.Erysipelas.TOTALS.Smallpox.Scarlatina.Diphtheria.Membranous Croup.Fevers.Cholera.Erysipelas.TOTALS.
    Typhus.Enteric or Typhoid.Continued.Relapsing.Puerperal.Typhus.Enteric or Typhoid.Continued.Relapsing.Puerperal.
    (a)(b)(c)(d)(e)
  • Page 178
    TABLE XV. SUMMARY OF CAUSES OF DEATH.
    CAUSES OF DEATH.Total DeathsAGE AT TIME OF DEATH.REGISTRATION SUB-DISTRICTSTotals.
    Under 1 year.1 to 55 to 1515 to 2525 to 3535 to 4545 to 5555 to 6565 to 7575 and up.St. Anne.Strand.
    MalesFemales.Males.Females.Males.Females.Males.Females.Males.Females.M ales.Females.Males.Females.Males.Females.Males.Females.Males.Females.Males.Females.Males.Females.Males.Females.
  • Page 183
    TABLE I.
    Nature of Sample.Geniune and of Good Quality.Adulterated.Inferior.Abnormal or containing Antiseptics.Total.
  • Page 184
    TABLE II.
    Strand District.MetropolisEngland and Wales.
    1892-3.1893-4.1894-5.1895-6.1896-7.1895-6.1895-6.
  • Page 185
    TABLE III.
    No. of Samples.Percentage of Extraneous WaterPercentage of Fat Abstracted.Boracic Acid.
  • Page 188
    TABLE IV. Samples Analysed during the Quarter ending 30 th June, 1896.
    Description.No.Remarks.
  • Page 189
    TABLE V. Samples Analysed during the Quarter ending 30 th September, 1896.
    Description.No.Remarks.
  • Page 190
    TABLE VI. Samples Analysed during the Quarter ending 31s t December, 1896.
    Description.No.Remarks.
  • Page 191
    TABLE VII. Samples Analysed during the Quarter ending 25th March , 1897.
    Description.No.Remarks.