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5
The geological formation underlying the district
is chalk, which crops out at Grays and Stifford.
Thanet sands occur on the uplands of Aveley, Grays,
Little Thurrock, Chadwell-St.-Mary and West Tilbury.
Woolwich beds at parts of Orsett, South
Horndon-on-the-Hill (Pump Street), and North
Stanford-le-Hope. London clay crops out at
Bulphan and the adjoining parts of Orsett, Horndonon-the-Hill
and and Laindon Hill, Corringham and
Fobbing. Patches of Bagshot beds occur at Laindon
Hills (the top) and Dry Street, Fobbing. Brick
Earth and Gravel at various places. Alluvial
deposit on the whole South border of District and
greater part of the Eastern Boundary, and at Orsett
and Bulphan Fens.
Chief Geological
Features.
The District is for the most part flat and low.
The only Hill of importance is Laindon Hills (in
the North-East), 385ft. high. It is bounded on the
South and Bast (in great parts) by the river Thames.
Bordering the Thames are Marsh lands, varying in
width from a few yards (at Purfleet) to 1½ miles 011
the South-Bast and Bast. At the North edge of the
Marshes the land rises to a height of 100ft. or so,
the greater part of the District being a table-land,
which gradually falls to the North.
Chief Physical
Features.
The chief supply of the District is derived from
the South-Essex Water Company. The mains
supply Tilbury Docks, Little Thurrock, West
Thurrock, Stifford, Aveley, South and North
Ockendon, Stanford-le-Hope, Horndon-on-the-Hill,
Corringham, and parts of Mucking and Orsett.
The wells are situated, one at Grays in the chalk
pits, and one (recently purchased) at Linford,
Mucking, supplying Stanford-le-Hope and having
mains laid to Horndon-on-the-Hill and also along
the road from Linford to Grays, connecting with
Grays near the cemetery. The mains laid to
Horndon-on-the-Hill for the last year and a half
are now supplied with water from Linford well. At
Water Supply.