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(i) The Act provides that 1.0 underground bakehouse
shall be used as such unless it was so used on the 17th
August last;
(ii) Moreover, after 1st January, 1904, it will not be
lawful to use any underground bakehouse (whenever established)
unless the Council are satisfied it is suitable for
the purpose, in regard to construction, light, ventilation,
and in all other respects, and have given it a certificate of
suitability. This applies to all bakehouses, whether wholesale
or retail.
Every bakehouse will be deemed underground if any
room used for baking, or for any process incidental thereto,
is so situate that the surface of the floor is more than
three feet below the surface of the adjoining street, or of
the ground adjoining or nearest to the room.
An underground bakehouse used in contravention of
these provisions will be deemed to be a workshop not kept
in conformity with the Act.
4.—Homework.—Very important powers of controlling the
conditions under which certain classes of work are done in the
homes of the workers, are for the first time given to District
Councils by the Act. These powers aim at the prevention of home
work being done, (1) in dwellings which are injurious or dangerous
to the health of the workers themselves, e.g., through
overcrowding, want of ventilation, or other insanitary conditions ;
(2) in premises where there is dangerous infectious disease. Occupiers
of factories, workshops, or any place from which work is
given out, and contractors employed by such occupiers are required,
in regard to such classes of work as may be fixed by the
Secretary of State, to keep lists showing the names and addresses
of all persons employed by them, either as workmen or as contractors
outside such factory, workshop or place, and the place
where they are employed, and to send to the Council twice a year.
These are to be examined, and the names and places of employment
of outworkers residing in other districts to be furnished to
the Council of those districts.
Workplace is not defined in the Act, but in a case under the
Public Health (London) Act, 1891, where the same phrase as in
this Act occurs, viz: "factory, workshop and workplace," it was